This document discusses different types of gears, including their history, characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and applications. It describes several common gear types: spur gears, helical gears, rack and pinion gears, bevel gears, and worm gears. Spur gears transmit motion between parallel shafts and have high efficiency. Helical gears provide more gradual engagement than spur gears and can be used for parallel or non-parallel shafts. Rack and pinion gears convert rotational to linear motion. Bevel gears change the direction of rotation. Worm gears provide large speed reductions in small spaces but have lower efficiency than other gear types.
The gears are a type of mechanical element whose teeth are cut around a cylindrical or conical surface with the same space. It is used for the rotation and transmission of force from the drive shaft to the driven shaft when coupling a pair of elements. The gears can be classified into spiral, cycloid and trochoidal gears according to their shape. It can also be classified as parallel shaft gear, transverse shaft gear and non-parallel and non-transverse shaft gear depending on the position of the shaft.
A gear bearing is a type of rolling-element bearing similar to an epicyclic gear. Gear bearings consist of a number of smaller 'satellite' gears which revolve around the center of the bearing along a track on the outsides of the internal and satellite gears, and on the inside of the external gear.
This presentation briefly tells about the classification of Gears. It includes information about spur, helical, bevel, herringbone, rack and pinion, internal and external gears.
PRESENTATION ON WORM GEAR FOR DESIGN OF MACHINE ELEMENT 2 BY :
Ranjan Rajkumar, Ranjan Leishangthem and Daihrii Kholi
of mechanical engineering Department, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MANIPUR
The gears are a type of mechanical element whose teeth are cut around a cylindrical or conical surface with the same space. It is used for the rotation and transmission of force from the drive shaft to the driven shaft when coupling a pair of elements. The gears can be classified into spiral, cycloid and trochoidal gears according to their shape. It can also be classified as parallel shaft gear, transverse shaft gear and non-parallel and non-transverse shaft gear depending on the position of the shaft.
A gear bearing is a type of rolling-element bearing similar to an epicyclic gear. Gear bearings consist of a number of smaller 'satellite' gears which revolve around the center of the bearing along a track on the outsides of the internal and satellite gears, and on the inside of the external gear.
This presentation briefly tells about the classification of Gears. It includes information about spur, helical, bevel, herringbone, rack and pinion, internal and external gears.
PRESENTATION ON WORM GEAR FOR DESIGN OF MACHINE ELEMENT 2 BY :
Ranjan Rajkumar, Ranjan Leishangthem and Daihrii Kholi
of mechanical engineering Department, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MANIPUR
Gear Drives for Diploma Students first and second YearMechTech3
Here is the PPT on the Gear Drives for Diploma Students of first and second year. Based on Mechanical Engineering diploma. The data for PPT is collected From book so don,t worry about PPT.
I want this job to utilize the skills which I've gotten from my Boss, colleague and others. I will utilize this knowledge for the success of you and for my personal success. I will prove myself by my job.
Gear Drives for Diploma Students first and second YearMechTech3
Here is the PPT on the Gear Drives for Diploma Students of first and second year. Based on Mechanical Engineering diploma. The data for PPT is collected From book so don,t worry about PPT.
I want this job to utilize the skills which I've gotten from my Boss, colleague and others. I will utilize this knowledge for the success of you and for my personal success. I will prove myself by my job.
Law of toothed gearing – Involutes and cycloidal tooth profiles –Spur Gear terminology and
definitions –Gear tooth action – contact ratio – Interference and undercutting. Helical, Bevel, Worm, Rack and Pinion gears
Design 101
http://goo.gl/wIql8w
Week 2
Machine Element Design New Approach
Course Objective
===============
This is a fundamental course to discuss the criteria of Mechanical Design for both machine elements design and product design .
The course will discuss the design as a process in making a lot of products by terms of manufacturing , sustainability and environmental aspects
The Course is online and free to all
Instructor
Mohamed Mostafa Adam
This course was presented by PED 2016
Production Engineering Department - Faculty of Engineering - Alexandria University - Egypt
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
2. GEAR
• A gear or cogwheel is a rotating machine element
having toothed wheel which mesh with another
toothed wheel to transmit torque.
3. HISTORY OF GEAR
• Gears were already in use in 350 B.C. (about
2,300 years ago. One of Greek philosopher
Aristotle's writings includes a description about
a gear.
• An Italian mathematician, Leonardo da Vinci
is credited with developing the idea of the
chain and cog in the 15th century.
4.
5. TYPES OF GEARS
1. According to the position of axes of the shafts.
a. Parallel
1.Spur Gear
2.Helical Gear
3.Rack and Pinion
b. Intersecting
Bevel Gear
c. Non-intersecting and Non-parallel
worm and worm gears
7. EXTERNAL SPUR GEAR
Toothed profile on the outer surface mating
cylindrical wheels,is parallel to the axis of rotation,
transmits motion or torque between parallel shafts.
8. INTERNAL SPUR GEAR
• Internal gear is a gear with its teeth cut in
the internal surface of a cylinder and transmits motion
or torque between parallel shafts.
9. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES
• High power transmission efficiency.
• Constant velocity ratio.
• Reliability.
DISADVANTAGES
• Limited centre distance.
• Noise
• stress
10. APPLICATION
• Metal cutting machines
• Power plants
• Marine engines
• Mechanical clocks and watches
• Fuel pumps
• Washing Machines
• Gear motors and gear pumps
• Rack and pinion mechanisms
11. HELICAL GEAR
• Teeth are inclined to the axis of rotation, the angle
provides more gradual engagement of the teeth
during meshing
• Are used in transmitting torques between parallel or
non parallel shafts, they are not as noisy as spur
gears.
12. ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES
• Helical gears are preferred for heavy load
applications and noise produced is less.
• power transmission between two parallel shafts
and also between two non parallel shafts.
• The helical gear efficiency is lower due to the
contact between its teeth, which produces axial
thrust and generates heat. A greater loss of energy
reduces efficiency.
• Higher manufacturing cost than spur gears.
13. APPLICATION
• Helical gears find application in transmitting high
load or power in case of necessary.
• Lathe machine.
• Automobile.
• Aerospace industries.
14. RACK AND PINION
• The rack and pinion that comprises a pair of gears
which convert rotational motion into linear motion.
15. ADVANTAGES,DISADVANTAGES
AND APPLICATION
• Cheap.
• Easiest way to convert rotation motion into linear
motion.
• Rack and pinion gives easier and more compact
control over the vehicle.
• Find application power steering , tie rod etc.
16. BEVEL GEAR
• Shafts of the gear and pinion can intersect at 90°or
any desired angle and Changes the direction of
rotation.
17. ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES
• Bevel gear efficiency is quite enough; bevel
gear may provide efficiency up to 90 % .
• Manufacturing costing will be less.
• Sliding friction will also be lower in bevel
gearing mechanism.
• Bevel gears should be assembled with respective
shaft precisely.
• At high speed, such gearing mechanism will
produce noise.
19. WORM AND WORM GEARS
• Worm gear is one type of gear device in which the
two shafts are at a right angle to each other and non-
intersecting.
• worm and worm gear used for Large speed reduction
in a small space.
20. ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES
• Higher speed reduction could be secured; speed
reduction could be secured up to 300: 1
• Worm and worm gears operate silently.
• Manufacturing cost is heavy as compared with
manufacturing cost of bevel gear.
• Cost of raw material to manufacture the worm and
worm gear set will be quite high.
• Worm and worm gear set will have heavy power
losses.
• Efficiency will be low.
22. BASIC FORMULAS
• gear ratio = rotations of driver/ gear rotations of
driven gear
(Or) teeth of driven gear/ teeth of driver gear.
• Work Done = Force x Distance moved in the
direction of the force.
• Power = total work done /total time taken.
• efficiency = power output/power input*100.
