This document summarizes a study on the GC-MS analysis of essential oils extracted from the flowers and leaves of Carissa carandas L. It describes the plant's background, extraction and GC-MS analysis methods. The results identify 14 major constituents in the flower oil. The conclusion discusses the plant's medicinal value and actions, such as antimalarial, antidiabetic, and antioxidant properties.

2. Group members :
• SIBTAIN SHAKOOR
(2015-MSCCHEM-016)
• HAFIZ SULEMAN YASEEN
( 2015-MSCCHEM-019)

3. GC-MS ANALYSIS OF ESSENTIAL
OIL OF FLOWERS & LEAVES OF
CARISSA CARANDAS L.

4. Introduction of Carissa Carandas:
• Carissa Carandas L. is commonly known as Karanda,Karounda etc
• it’s genus is Carissa .
• Family is Apocynacaea.
• Is flowering plants.
(David.et al.2000)

6. Habitat :
• Carissa carandas L. found in India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia
and Sri Lanka.
• Drought-tolerant plants.
• Propagate in sheddy and soily environment.
(Sing et al .1972)

7. Leaves;
• Leaves are green and conelike
• Inverse and pinnate
• Bracteoles
(Siddique et al.2003)

8. Flowers:
• Flowers are white,tubular
• Are bristly and tingled
(Jorge et al.2009).

9. Fruit:
• The fruits are purplish-red and polished
• frequently intense, succulent delicious.
( Naim et al.1988)

10. Essential oil:
• An essential oil is hydrophobic liquid
• containing volatile aroma compounds
• Oils may be known as volatile oils, ethereal oils.
• it’s characteristic
 fragrance
 odour
(Svoboda et al. 1995)

11. Uses:
Is widely used in
Perfumes industries.
Cosmetic industries.
Pharmaceutical industries.
Aromatherapy.
(Guillén et al. 1996).

12. Medicinal importance:
It can perform following biological activities;
Antimicrobial
Antibacterial
Anti-diabetic
Anti-diarrheal
Anti-inflammatory
(Jaenne et al. 1999).

13. Materials:
Chemicals:
n-hexane
Sodium sulphate
Magnesium sulphate anhydrous
Purified Water

14. Materials :
Instruments
Clevenger’s type apparatus :- extract oil from plant’s sample
GC-MS apparatus :- investigate and identify the volatile substances of
samples

15. Methods:
Extraction of oil from leaves and flowers;
Sample
collection
Dried for 8
days
Grinder into
powder
Subjected to
Clevenger
apparatus
Oil is
extracted
Water removed

16. Clevenger type apparatus;

17. GC-MS apparatus :
components of GC-MS
Gas
supply
Injector Oven Column
Mass
analyser
Electronic
ionization
Detector

18. Method:
Condition for GC-MS analysis;
Oven temperature range should be as 70–250°C
Firstly temperature range rises 45°C for 10 min
Then increased upto 5.0°C/min to 290°C.
Finally hold it to 290°C for 5 min.
2μL sample was injected to apply .

19. GC-MS apparatus:

20. Results:
• The mass spectra of compounds present in the extract as

21. Result:
Table ;Major constituents of flowers of Carissa Carandas L.
Sr.no Retention time Name of compounds Formula
1 6.8 Furfural C5H4O2
2 14.3 Cyclohexanone-4-diene C7H6O
3 14.8 3-aminopyrazine-1-oxide C5H6N2O
4 15.1 2-furancarboxaldehyde-5-methyle C6H7O2N
5 16.5 Phenol (carbolic acid ) C6H5OH
6 16.75 1,2-cyclohexanediole C6H12O2
7 18.8 L-serine C3H7NO3
8 19.00 Ortho-hydroxyanisol C6H4(OH)(OCH3)
9 19.14 2,5-furandione-3,4-dimethyle C6H6O3
10 19.23 Nona-3,5-diene C9H16
11 20.6 Ortho-guaiacol C6H4(OH)(OCH3)
12 21.17 3-ethyle-3-methyle cyclopentanone C8H14O
13 28.17 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol C9H10O2
14 23.8 1-octane-2-one-4,4-diethyle-3-methylene C13H24O
15 24.00 Benzene acetic acid C8H8O
16 24.2 trans-2-Caren-4-ol C10H16O
17 24.4 Methyl salicylate C8H8O3
18 24.6 (z)-7-hexadecanal C16H30O

22. Conclusion :
• C. carandas. showes immense medicinal value as in biology, phytochemistry,
and ethnopharmacology.
• The extract of Carisaa Carandas has powerfull following actions as
Antimalarial
Antidiabetic
Antioxident
Etc

23. References :
• R.S David, Kumar S, Sharma A.2000.Antiasthamatic activity of the methanol
extract of leaves of Carissa carandas .Phytoether Res. 17(7): pp.821-822.
• Singh B, Singh D, Kumar R.G.2012. Dual protective effect of
Passifloraincarnata in epilepsy and associated post-ictal depression.Journal of
Ethnopharmacology. 139: pp.274-278.
• Siddiqui BS, Ghani U, Ali ST, Usmani SB, Begum S.2003.Triterpenoidal con
stituents of the leaves of Carissa carandas. Natural Product Research.

24. References :
• Nazia Naim, David J. Goyder, James J. Clarkson, Tariq Mahmood and Mark
W. Chase. 1998. "The taxonomy and systematics of Apocynaceae," Bot. J.
Linnean Soc.171: pp.
• Jaenne Rose.1999. 375 Essential oils and Hydrosols, frog,Ltd,books.Berkely
California. pp.190-244
• Chen S, Kao Y.C, Laughton C.A.1997. Binding characteristics of aromatase
inhibitors and phytoestrogens to human aromatase, J. Steroid BiochemMol Biol.
61(3-6): pp.107-115.