Chronic gastritis is a long-term inflammation of the stomach lining that can be caused by various factors like H. pylori infection, NSAID use, smoking, alcohol consumption, or autoimmune diseases. It is classified based on its cause, endoscopic appearance, and clinical presentation. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and vomiting. Diagnosis involves testing for H. pylori infection and endoscopy with biopsy. Treatment focuses on eliminating the underlying cause, such as eradicating H. pylori with antibiotic combinations, discontinuing NSAID use, or treating autoimmune conditions. Lifestyle changes like a healthy diet and quitting smoking can also help reduce symptoms.