Mohandas Gandhi was born in 1869 in India. He studied law in England and South Africa, where he experienced racism and fought for the rights of Indians. He developed the philosophy of non-violent civil disobedience, or satyagraha, leading campaigns for Indian independence that applied political and economic pressure on the British through non-cooperation. After India gained independence in 1947, Gandhi continued advocating for religious and social justice until his assassination in 1948.

1. GANDHI

2. 1869 1882 1884 1888 1888-1891 1891
Mohandas
Karamchand Gandhi
was born in India.
According to Hindu
custom, his parents
married him to
Kasturba.
He stole some gold
from his older brother,
he felt terrible about it
later and he decided
to change and
become a better
person.
He had to
go to England
to study law
and he
started his
studies in
November.
He began to
read the Bible
and Hindu
religious books.
Slowly, he
began to
develop his
ideas about
non-violence.
Gandhi became a
lawyer in June and
the day after he
graduated, he
retourned to India.

3. 1892 1893 - 1899
During the Boer
War, he organised an
ambulance corps of
1,100 Indian men to
help the war effort.
He had to go to study
Indian law in Bombay
because the local
lawyers were much
better than he was.
He opened a small
office there, but his
career as a lawyer
was not successful.
He looked for other kinds of
work and he discovered he
could write petitions to
government offices.
A Moslen businessman
offered him a job to fight a
legal case for him in South
Africa.
He arrived in Durban,
South Africa, in May.
Again, he had a
terrible experience in
court.
His boss bought first-
class tickets for him
on the train.
A white man entered his
compartment and saw him.
Then a policeman forced
him to leave the train
because this was for whites
only. At the end of the year,
his work for the Indian
company was finished.
He decided to start
an organisation called
Natal Indian
Congress to help the
Indians and many
people joined it.

4. 1900-1907 1914 1918 1919 - 1929
He decided to try a
different tactic: a non-
violent way to fight. He
called it “passive
resistance”. Finally, he
was called to meet
with the Minister of
Defence and he
signed an agreement.
They travelled to
Porbandar. He decided to start
an ashram, a small
community, and make it a
place for them to live together.
He now wore a long white
cotton shirt, white cotton
trousers and sandals.
Towards the end of
the war, it was clear
that things weren´t
going well for the
British so he went
from village to village
to get people to
become soldiers in
the British Indian
Army and fight in
Europe.
He started a new
group called
Satyagraha Sabha. He
spoke against the
violence.
He finally understood:
British rule in India
must end and he
decided to wear only
Indian clothes.
He changed his
plans: he decided to
concentrate on social
problems and he was
sent to prison for six
years. After two years,
he was freed.
The British sent an “all-
white” committee to India to
see if the country was
ready for home rule of self-
government under the
British. They decided to
boycott the comittee
and they began to write
their own constitution.

5. 12-1929 1-1930 3 y 4-1930 5-1930 1931 -
At midnight on 31st
December, they declared
their independence and
announced the
beginning of non-violent
resistance campaign.
On 26th January, in the
towns and villages of
India, hundreds of
thousands of people
agreed together. Their
first act of non-violent
resistance was to
demostrate against the
salt tax.
H
While he was in
England, the
agreement with Lord
Irwin began to fail and
Nehru and other
leaders were arrested.
He was also arrested
and the resistance
began again.
He was sent to
prision again.
On 12th March, he began
the long walk to the sea.
When they arrived at the
sea on 5th April, there were
several thousand of people.
The next morning he went to
the sea and picked the salt
directly from
the sea.
A new British
representative, Lord
Irwin, arrived to India.
They agreed to stop the
resistance if the British
gave them home rule.
Then, he travelled to
England to a special
conference to discuss
it.

6. - - - 1947 1848
He was very happy when the
Congress Party won several local
elections and became the main
party in the country.
The Moslems weren´t so happy
and they began to say they
wanted their own country in the
north part of India. They
called it Pakistan.
H
But, unfortunately, India was
now going to be two countries-
India and Pakistan.
On 13th January he decided
to fast in his home in Delhi,
until the fighting stopped or he
died. Finally, his fast began to
change things.
On 18th January
representatives of the
two sides came to him
and signed a peace.
He announced,
“I will stop fasting.”
The British Prime
Minister suddenly
announced on 20th
February, “We will
leave India by the end
of next years.” Finally,
the British decided to
leave India on 15th
August.
While he was in
prision this time, he
decided to fast to
demonstrate against
the treatment of the
untouchables by many
Hindus in his country.
When he left prision,
he continued the fight.
And then the Second World
War began. The Congress
Party voted for the “Quit-
India” resolution for the
British to leave India
immediately and let them
govern their own country. Of
course the party leaders and
he were immediately put in
prision.

7. 1948
At 4.30 on 30th
January he got up
and started to walk to
the large park to the
left of the house.
Manu and Ava -his
assintants- walked
with him.
A man moved
forward as if he
wanted to greet
Gandhi. Suddenly,
he held up an
automatic pistol and
fire three shots..
A doctor was called
inmmediately and he
examined him but declared
him dead. Prime Minister
Nehru soon arrived. In the
early morning, they
washed his body and
prepared it to be burnt
according to Hindu
customs.
H
At 4.45 Gandhi´s third
son, Ramdas, lit the
fire. It burned for 27
hours. At the end they
collected his remains
and put them into an
urn.
Two weeks later, the
contents of the urn
were thrown into the
river in another
ceremony. Millions of
people followed the urn
to the river.
Then, they covered him
with the India flag and put
roses on top. The funeral
procession left at 11.45 in
the morning. Three planes
flew over and dropped
millions of roses.

8. People from all over the world sent messages of condolence.
The United Nations lowered its flag in his memory.

9. PAULA RUEDA RODRÍGUEZ

10. PAULA RUEDA RODRÍGUEZ