The document is an educational module for fourth graders focusing on the properties of light, sound, and heat. It explains how these energies travel, their characteristics, and includes various examples and activities to reinforce learning. Important concepts include reflection, refraction, absorption of light, sound production, and heat transfer through conduction, convection, and radiation.

1. Grade 4 - 3rd Quarter Module 2
AND
SOUND
LIGHT,
HEAT,

2. investigate properties and characteristics of
light and sound; and
Learning
Objectives
describe how light, heat, and sound travel;
describe ways to protect oneself from
exposure to excessive light, heat, and sound.

3. REVIEW!!
AND
SOUND
LIGHT,
HEAT,

4. PROPERTIES OF
LIGHT AND HOW
LIGHT TRAVELS
LESSON 1:
WHAT IS LIGHT?

5. WHAT IS LIGHT?
HOW IT TRAVELS?
Light is energy that travels in
waves. It allows us to see objects
around us. Without light, we
cannot see.
Light can come from different
sources, such as the Sun, lamps,
flashlights, and fireflies, etc.
For example, when the lights go
out, it becomes dark because
there is no li.ght for us to see
objects Light travels in straight lines.
We can see this when a
flashlight beam shines in one
direction. The beam doesn't
bend or change direction
unless something interferes
with it.

7. 7 PROPERTIES OF LIGHT
• Light travels very fast.
• Light has a dual nature.
• Light travels in straight lines.
• Light can vary in intensity.
• Light interacts with matter.
• Light is comprised of many colors.
• Light carries energy and information.

8. PROPERTIES OF LIGHT
Reflection:
• Light can bounce off surfaces.
This is called reflection.
• Example: when you look at
yourself in a mirror, light from
your face bounces off the
mirror and enters your eyes,
allowing you to see your
reflection.

9. PROPERTIES OF LIGHT
Refraction:
• Light can bend when it passes
through different materials.
This is called refraction.
• Example: when you place a
straw in a glass of water. The
straw looks "broken" or bent at
the point where it enters the
water.

10. PROPERTIES OF LIGHT
Absorption:
• Some materials absorb light,
which means they take in light
and convert it into heat.
• Example: a black shirt absorbs
more light than a white shirt, so
it feels warmer on a sunny day.

11. TRANSPARENT,
TRANSLUCENT,
& OPAQUE
Physical Science: Light
What is it?

12. TRANSPARENT MATERIALS
• Transparent materials let all the light pass through them. You
can see clearly through transparent materials.
• Examples: Clear glass, clean water, and plastic wrap.

13. TRANSLUCENT MATERIALS
Translucent materials allow some light to pass through, but you
cannot see clearly through them. The light is scattered.
• Examples: Frosted glass, wax paper, and some plastic
materials.

14. OPAQUE MATERIALS
Opaque materials do not let light pass through at all. You
cannot see through opaque materials.
• Examples: Wood, metal, and thick paper.

15. R
E
Y
E
G
N
PROPERTIES OF
SOUND AND
HOW SOUND
TRAVELS
LESSON 2:
What is
Sound?

16. WHAT IS SOUND?
Sound is a type of energy that is produced when something vibrates. These
vibrations create sound waves that travel through the air (or other mediums) and
reach our ears. Sound can be high-pitched like a whistle, or low-pitched like a drum.

17. ___ HOW IS SOUND MADE?
Sound Source: Sound starts with
something that moves or vibrates.
For example, when you pluck a
guitar string, it moves back and
forth. This movement is called a
vibration.
Vibrations: Vibrations make the
air around them move in waves.
These waves travel through the air
to our ears, where we hear them
as sound.

18. PROPERTIES OF SOUND
Pitch: how high or low a sound is.
• High Pitch: A sound with a high pitch, like a whistle or a bird
chirping, has fast vibrations.
• Low Pitch: A sound with a low pitch, like a drum or thunder, has
slower vibrations.

19. PROPERTIES OF SOUND
Volume: how loud or soft a sound is.
o Loud Sound: The louder the sound, the stronger the vibrations.
o Soft Sound: Softer sounds have weaker vibrations.

20. PROPERTIES OF SOUND
Timbre: is the unique quality of
sound that makes one sound
different from another, even if
they have the same pitch and
volume.
o Example: the sound of a piano
and a violin playing the same
note at the same volume will still
sound different. This is due to
their timbre.

21. HOW SOUND TRAVELS
Sound travels in waves. These sound waves are created when something
vibrates, pushing air particles in front of it, and then these particles
bump into the next set of particles.

22. ACTIVITY
• Design and draw an invention that uses light and/or sound
and write an explanation of how it works.
• Rubrics for Grading
40% - Creativity: Is the invention original and interesting?
25% - Understanding of Science Concepts: Does the invention clearly
demonstrate an understanding of how light, heat, or sound is applied?
15% - Clarity of Explanation: Is the written description clear and does it effectively
explain how the invention works?
20% - Visual Design: How well does the drawing show the invention and its
function effectively?

23. PROPERTIES OF
HEAT AND HOW
HEAT TRAVELS
LESSON 3:
What is
Heat?

24. Heat is energy that makes
particles move.
Temperature is the
measure of how hot or cold
something is. Heat always
moves from hot objects to
cooler objects.
WHAT IS HEAT?

25. Conduction happens when
heat is transferred through
direct contact between
materials. This is how heat
travels in solids.
o Examples: A metal spoon
in a hot cup of tea, or a pot
on a stove.
CONDUCTION (HEAT TRANSFER
BY TOUCH)

26. Convection occurs in liquids
and gases, where warmer
fluid rises and cooler fluid
sinks, creating a circular
motion.
o Examples: Boiling water,
air movement in the
atmosphere, or ocean
currents.
CONVECTION (HEAT TRANSFER BY
FLUID MOVEMENT)

27. Radiation is the transfer of
heat through
electromagnetic waves, like
the heat we feel from the
sun or from a campfire.
o Examples: Sunlight, heat
from a fire, and heat from a
lightbulb.
CONVECTION (HEAT TRANSFER BY
LIGHT WAVES)

28. • Some materials are good
conductors of heat, while
others are insulators.
• Insulation is used in
homes, clothing, and
other items to keep heat
from escaping or
entering.
INSULATION - KEEPING HEAT IN
OR OUT

29. • Create a "Heat Transfer Chart" with three columns, each representing
one of the types of heat transfer (conduction, convection, and
radiation). In each column, students will list or draw at least two
examples from their own experiences that illustrate that type of heat
transfer.
• After doing the chart, discuss your examples with your partner and
then present it to your classmates.
ACTIVITY

30. RECALL
What did you
learn?

31. THAT'S A WRAP!
Thank you for
listening!

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