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Future threats to humanity from climate change, disease, overpopulation and warfare
1. Future is not ours to See
29 Sept. 2020
A LOST SPECIES
1
2. Twentieth century
The 20th century is
often portrayed as a
time of barbarism,
when increasingly
powerful weapons
killed on an enormous
scale, oppressive
dictatorships
flourished and
national, ethnic and
religious conflicts
raged.
2
3. 20th
• Yet century was also a time when
people lived longer, were healthier and
more literate, enjoyed greater participation
in politics and had far easier access to
information, transport and communication
networks than ever
marches on.
before. Good & Evil
21st
• In century, there is trouble _COVID-19
3
4. Bhrighu Nadi prophetic readings: From 2011, crisis
deepens as money will lose its value fast in the U.S. and
in Europe. This will result in wrong economic and
financial policies - on the assumption of hopes for a
continuous economic growth. In 2012 the U.S. financial
system collapses. The state will no longer be able to pay
its employees. This will lead to a chain response and
chaos in the society as a whole. Many shops, factories
and banks will become bankrupt, more and more people
will be without work, and thus without livelihoods.
4
5. The palm leaf text volume "prophesied"
contains forecasts concerning the further
development of Europe and western hemisphere.
The economic situation leads to conditions that will
resemble a civil war in the east and west United
States. The decline of the U.S. economy and the
depreciation of the U. S. currency seriously hits
Europe, in particular Germany, which is largely
dependent on exports.
5
6. Inflation in Europe reaches proportions as in the
United States, and its implications, especially for
poorer sectors of the population, is catastrophic.
Many people
the situation
seemingly. A
will live in real poverty. Since 2017
will be somewhat calmer, but only
changing climate becomes rapidly an
acute threat . The average annual temperature
will continue to increase; climate change will
affect the U.S.
6
7. Will human society be overwhelmed by
Overpopulation,
•
•
•
•
Global warming / Climate change,
Virus caused Diseases
Warfare
Shall we overcome these?
7
8. The probability of the extinction of the human
species in the near future is not deniable.
While technological advances encourage huge
population explosions, they also bring new risks
sudden population collapse through industrial
pollution, nuclear war
, etc.
of
Often overlooked risks of natural disaster ranging
from asteroid strikes to nanotechnology run amok
and universe annihilation is a natural possibility.
8
9. Think of the grim assessment of the odds
against human survival, and the effort and
restraint that will be needed to beat the
odds. Hello! It‟s O.K.
Argument does not imply fatalism, since
our efforts can change
Mankind has produced
an also, a Osama Bin
the probabilities?
a Mother Theresa
Laden.
9
10. „Greenhouse effect‟
Can mankind survive by mitigating
effect of global warming /
CLIMATE CHANGE due
greenhouse effect?
to
10
11. „Greenhouse effect‟
A rise in Earth‟s surface temperature
because incoming radiation
re-radiated into space.
is less easily
Global surface temperature
± 0.18 °C (1.33 ± 0.32 °F)
increased 0.74
between the
start and the end of the 20th century.
11
13. Scientists are making predictions about the
warming and connecting
the past few decades as an
ill effects of Global
some of the events of
alarm of global warming. A rise in earth‟s
temperatures can lead to other alterations
ecology, including
in the
an increasing sea level and
modifying the quantity and
rainfall.
•
• pattern of
13
14. These modifications may boost the
occurrence of
• severe climate
• floods,
• famines,
• heat waves,
• tornados, and
• twisters.
events, such as
14
15. Other consequences may comprise of
• higher or lower agricultural outputs,
• glacier melting,
• lesser summer stream flows,
• genus extinctions and
• rise in the ranges of disease vectors.
Due to global warming various new diseases have emerged
lately: since the bacteria can survive better in elevated
temperatures and even multiplies faster when the conditions
are favorable.
15
16. The global warming is extending
the distribution of mosquitoes due to the increase
in humidity levels and
•
their frequent growth in
Various diseases due to
ebola,
hanta and
warmer atmosphere.
•
•
•
• Coronavirus_ COVID-19
16
17. The marine life is sensitive to the increase in
temperatures. The effect of global warming will
definitely be seen on some species in the water.
A survey was made in which the marine life reacted
significantly to the changes in water temperatures.
Many species may die off or become extinct due to
the increase in the temperatures of the water,
whereas various other species, which prefer warmer
waters, will increase tremendously.
17
18. An approach to mitigation is Carbon capture and
storage (CCS). Emissions may be sequestered from
fossil fuel power plants, or removed during
processing in hydrogen production. When used on
plants, it is known as bioenergy with carbon
capture and storage. Mitigation of global warming
is accomplished through reductions in the rate of
anthropogenic greenhouse gas release.
18
20. There are key practices and technologies in
various sectors, such as energy supply,
transportation, industry, and agriculture that
should be implemented to reduce global
emissions.
Mitigation of global warming is accomplished
through reductions in the rate of
anthropogenic greenhouse gas release.
20
21. Electricity can be produced without significant
carbon emissions using nuclear power and
renewable energy technologies, such as solar,
wind, hydropower
, and biomass (fuels made from
plant matter). Biofuels can also be used to power
vehicles. Interest in these technologies
is growing, and research and development could
make all of them more viable, but
energy technology carries its own
and challenges.
each renewable
set of issues
21
22. Poisoning by pollution
And, at least in the short term, severe
pollution seems almost inevitable when
uncontrolled population growth is
combined with demands for
an acceptable standard of living.
22
23. You don‟t need dire predictions about
Apocalypse 2012 to freak out a little about all
the weird stuff we‟ve invented that could destroy
the world. More than enough biochemical
weapons are stockpiled around the globe,
starting with mustard gas, a deadly paralytic
agent left over
anthrax, sarin,
compounds.
from World War
and a variety of
I, on
other
through
classified
23
26. OVERPOPULATION?: The world's population
doubled between 1940 and 2000 (to reach six
billion), with 90 per cent of the total growth in the
1990s taking place in the non-industrialized
regions of the world. Population increases were
accompanied by rapid urbanization, unplanned
and unsupported by improvements in the urban
infrastructure. Such rapid demographic change
caused increasing social pressures, which could
lead to social instability and conflict. 26
28. OVERPOPULATION
Myth A: The world is overcrowded and population
growth is adding overwhelming numbers of humans
to a small planet. In fact, people do live in crowded
conditions, and always have. We cluster together in
cities and villages in order to exchange goods and
services with one another. But while we crowd
together for economic reasons in our great
metropolitan areas, most of the world is empty, as
we can see when we fly over it. It has been
estimated by Paul Ehrlich and others that human
beings actually occupy no more than 1 to 3 percent
of the earth's land surface.
28
29. OVERPOPULATION
Myth B: Overpopulation is threatening the world
food supply. According to the Food and Agriculture
Organization, world food supplies exceed
requirements in all world areas, amounting to a
surplus approaching 50 percent in 1990 in the
developed countries, and 17 percent in the
developing regions. "Globally,
more than doubled in the last
1962 and 1991, average daily
supplies increased more than
food supplies have
40 years… between
per caput food
15 percent… at a
global level, there is probably no obstacle to food
production rising to meet
FAO documents prepared
Summit.
demand," according to
for the 1996 World Food
29
30. Sustainable human communities can be
achieved only through a “people - centered
development.”
It emphasizes the need for priority in
development to be given to securing
„sustainable livelihoods‟ for the poorest
within communities.
groups
30
31. Differential Rates of Population Growth in India
India‟s current fertility rate is 2.8 children per woman.
South India and the commercial hubs of Mumbai, Delhi
and Kolkata have lower-fertility rate.
In the Hindi speaking belt across the North, where the
•
•
•
women‟s state is low, and services lag, higher
population growth persists.
rates of
• India‟s population is projected
around 2025.
to overtake that of China
31
32. By 2025, efforts have to be made to educate, empower and
train in life skills, the people of crowded districts of rural
North India. The demographic duality should not be allowed
to widen the gap between north and south. Entrepreneurial
families from north India have lived for decades in southern
cities, but absorption of unskilled labourers looking for work
may rekindle dormant animosities unless socio-cultural
integration efforts are made. Ethno-nationalist parties in
India attempt a democratic way to seek their place in
development .India is known for its capacity for unity in
diversity.
32
33. Disease.
As was shown by the Black Death of the Middle
Ages, diseases can wipe out very large
proportions of those exposed to them.
•
They can now spread world wide very
thanks to air travel.
Many remain incurable.
quickly,
•
•
• Tuberculosis, already killing about three million
people annually, has recently developed strains
resistant to all known drugs, and
antibiotics are useless against viral diseases.
•
33
37. Natural
1 Volcanic eruptions.
disasters
2 Hits by asteroids and comets.
An extreme ice age due to
passage through an interstellar
cloud?
4 A nearby supernova
5 Other massive astronomical explosions
6 Essentially unpredictable breakdown of
complex system.
a
37
38. And the biggest reason to worry about the end of life is
the prediction in Nature, perhaps the world‟s most
respected science journal, that at least three-quarters
of the Earth’s species are wiped out every 62 to 65
million years. It has been 65 million years since the
Cretaceous-Tertiary disaster extinguished the dinosaurs,
meaning that we are now overdue for a cataclysm that will
without doubt reduce our population by at least half,
smash our infrastructure to smithereens, and drive most of
whatever is left of our civilization underground. Ha Ha!
38
39. Man-made disasters
1 Unwillingness to rear children?
2 A disaster from genetic engineering.
3 A disaster from nanotechnology.
Some other disaster in a branch of
technology, perhaps just agricultural,
which had become crucial to human
survival.
39
40. Risks already well recognized
Nuclear war
Knowledge of how to build
nuclear bombs cannot be eradicated.
Small nations, terrorists and rich criminals
wanting to become still richer by holding the
world to ransom can already afford
destructive bombs.
very
Production costs are falling and the
has many multibillionaires.
world
40
41. The effects of large-scale nuclear
destruction are largely unknown.
Radiation poisoning of the entire globe?
„Nuclear winter‟ in which dust and soot
block sunlight, so that temperatures
everywhere fall very sharply
•
•
•
Death of trees and grasses?
plankton? (Scare)
Of oceanic
•
41
42. Biological warfare or terrorism or
criminality
Biological weapons could actually
dangerous than nuclear ones:
be more
less costly, and with a field of destruction
harder to limit because the weapons
self-reproducing organisms.
were
42
43. And the good news / bad news is that there will
be even more incredibly toxic stuff to burn up in
the future, at least according to those who share
the fears voiced by Stephen Hawking, who
believes that humankind will extinguish
itself from the face of the planet through
the misuse of biological weapons: “In the
long term, I am more worried about biology.
Nuclear weapons need large facilities, but genetic
engineering can be done in a small lab.” 43
44. United States and Soviet Union emerged as bitterly
opposed superpowers with the resources to develop
huge arsenals of nuclear weapons. From 1947 a
“Cold War" developed between them and their
allies, in the course of which they gave support to
opposing sides in conflicts in, for example, Korea,
Vietnam, Angola and the Middle East, while the two
superpowers remained formally at peace. The
collapse of communism in Eastern Europe and the Soviet
Union in 1989-91 brought the Cold War to an end.
44
45. Visitors view the carnage of war through the sheer
number and scale of military cemeteries dotting the
countryside. For example, in the Somme River valley
of northern France, many crossroads are marked with
small signs directing the traveler to World War I
cemeteries. In Europe, cemeteries provide the
principal link to 20th-century wars; subsidiary ties
include cultural resources such as memorials, trench
lines, pill boxes, and statues.
45
46. The defining feature of the closing decades of
the 20th century and the start of the 21st
century was considered by some to be
"globalization", with multinational corporations
moving their operations around the world in
accordance with their needs, and individuals
travelling and communicating with one another
across frontiers with unprecedented ease.
46
55. The continued career of the human race is endangered by
• greenhouse-effect overheating (conceivably of a
runaway kind in which warming releases more and more
methane, a powerful greenhouse gas), by
destruction of the ozone layer, and by desertification
and pollution of land and sea, by
• loss of biodiversity, by
• diseases and chemical, biological and nuclear war.
• Overpopulation, a main cause of the deterioration of
the environment, may also lead to global warfare.
55
56. Will the human race become extinct fairly shortly?
Have the dangers been underestimated, and
ought we to care?
Humans may well spread right through their
galaxy.
Come what may, some
rejuvenate civilized life
It would be hard to kill
will survive, they will
on earth.
off absolutely all humans
(none will attempt it, we hope), and that from a
few thousand survivors new billions would grow.
56
57. “The world has reached that point in history where
mankind‟s role can be decisive. This intelligent
creature, a product of evolution, has become
capable of obstructing, perhaps destroying,
the very process which produced him. For
evolution to have a future on Earth it is imperative
that each man and woman extend his or her
responsibility beyond their immediate
concerns to the destiny of mankind and their
planet” - PIERRE TEILHARD DE CHARDIN 57
60. Why do people engage in the deadly and
destructive activity of fighting? Is it rooted
human nature or is it a late cultural
invention? Have people always engaged in
fighting or did they start to do so only with
the advent of agriculture, the state, and
in
civilization? How were these, and later, major
developments in human history affected by
war and, in turn, how did they affect war?
Under what conditions, if at all, can war be
eliminated, and is it declining at present?
[See next slide for reference book.]
60
62. The attacks on the United States on September 11,
2001, were a dramatic indication of the threat
posed to the global community by international
terrorist groups. Groups within nation-states who
feel oppressed on economic, religious or ethnic
grounds may
episodes.
turn rebellious and organize terrorist
62
71. What is Coronavirus?
o The coronavirus belongs to the family of viruses that are resultant in deadly
infections, including Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERSA) and Severe
Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS).
o The coronavirus is a family of viruses that can cause a range of illnesses in
humans including common cold and more severe forms like SARS and MERS
which are life-threatening.
o The virus is named after its shape which takes the form of a crown with
protrusions around it and hence is known as coronavirus.
o Human Coronavirus were First Identified in 1960. Till Today Total 6 Types of
Corona Viruses are found in the World that can Infect People.
o These viruses are zoonotic, which means they are transmitted from animals to
humans. 2019 Novel Coronavirus, or 2019-nCoV, is a new respiratory virus first
identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
o Preventing coronavirus from spreading is a challenge
72. On 29th Sept., India's coronavirus tally crosses 60 lakh-mark
The tally of coronavirus cases in India surged past the 60
lakh-mark on Tuesday [29-Sept. 2020], with several states
continuing to witness a daily spike in infections.
India's COVID-19 caseload crossed 60 lakh on Monday with
82,170 new cases, while the number of recoveries surged to
50.17 lakh after 74,893 more people recuperated in the last
24 hours, the Union health ministry said. It took 110 days for
the COVID-19 cases in the country to reach a lakh mark,
while it had taken 59 days more to go past the 10-lakh post.
73. Providing information about the trajectory of recoveries in the
country, the ministry said that the rise in the number of total
recovered cases from 1 lakh in June 2020 "has been steep"
and the last 10 lakh recoveries were added in just 11 days.
"India's total recoveries have crossed the landmark milestone
of 50 lakh today (50,16,520). With a very high number of
COVID patients recovering every single day, India's steady
trend of posting high level of daily recoveries continues," the
ministry said. "The total recovered cases have outpaced
active cases by more than 5 times. With the exponential
increase in the recoveries, there is close to 100 per cent
increase in recovered cases in one month," it said.
74. o The Union health ministry launched a web portal that will
provide all important information on COVID-19, the stages
of vaccine development, ongoing clinical trials and
progress made in this area locally and globally.
o The ''vaccine web portal'' and the ''National Clinical
Registry for COVID-19'' have been developed by the
Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and was
launched by Union health minister Harsh Vardhan,
according to a health ministry statement. Vardhan earlier
had said that a COVID-19 vaccine is likely to be available
by the first quarter of 2021.
75. The National Clinical Registry for COVID-19 will collect
systematic data on clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory
investigations, management protocols, the clinical course of
COVID-19, disease spectrum and outcomes of patients.
"The data will serve as an invaluable tool for formulating
appropriate patient management strategies, predicting
disease severity, patient outcomes etc," the ICMR said in a
statement. The vaccine portal contains all information
regarding Indian efforts towards the development of a vaccine
against COVID-19.
76. A test that can accurately diagnose coronavirus in minutes will
dramatically expand testing in low and middle-income countries, the World
Health Organization (WHO) has said. The $5 (£3.80) test could transform
tracking of Covid-19 in less wealthy countries, which have shortages of
healthcare workers and laboratories. A deal with manufacturers will
provide 120 million tests over six months. The WHO's head called it a
major milestone. Lengthy gaps between taking a test and receiving a
result have hampered many countries' attempts to control the spread of
coronavirus. In some countries with high infection rates, including India
and Mexico, experts have said that low testing rates are disguising the
true spread of their outbreaks. The "new, highly portable and easy-to-use
test" will provide results in 15-30 minutes instead of hours or days, WHO
Director General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus told a news conference
on Monday [28/9].
77. Cipla to launch COVID-19 treatment drug Favipiravir: CSIR: The
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research on Thursday announced
that Mumbai-based pharmaceutical firm Cipla is all set to launch drug
Favipiravir for the treatment of COVID-19 patients.
CSIR developed the process of
using locally available
chemicals to synthesise the
Active Pharmaceutical
Ingredient (API) and
transferred the technology to
Cipla.