Overview of Smart and Micro Grids

1. FUTURE GRIDS
Dr K.Nithiyananthan
Professor/EEE
CMR Institute of Technology
Bangalore

2. SMART GRIDS
MICRO GRIDS

3. Electrical Power Grid
An electrical grid is an interconnected
network.
Delivers electricity from producers to
consumers.
 Power Grid is Conceptual (LT to HT)
Power Pool concepts started from 19th
century onwards and it reached its peak in
early 20th Century.

4. Electrical Power Grid
INTEGRATED
GRID
IMPROVED
RELIABILITY
ECONOMICAL ACCESS TO
CHEAP POWER

5. Challenges
One way communication – Block outs.
Conventional grid has electromechanical
arrangements.
False tripping & Frequent power failure.
Energy demand is increasing at a faster rate than
energy supply because of the increase in
population.
Inefficient energy management.

6. Modernization of grid with IOT & digitalization.
Two way communication & Prevention of blackouts.
 It has tools to manage, monitor and respond to energy
issues.
Combination of renewable energy sources into grid
WHAT IS SMART GRID?

8. Self healing
Interactive
Optimized
Secure
Predictable
Distributive
SMART GRIDS

9. Major Components
SMART
METERS
DISTRIBUTED
GENERATION
PHASOR
MEASURMENT
INFORMATION
TRANSFER

10. SMART METERS
Better energy management.
Proactive management of electrical
network during emergency situations.
Better demand supply / demand
response management.
Reduce carbon emissions.

11. DISTRIBUTED GENERATION
decentralized
Located Near
to the load
<10KW
Renewable
Energy
Sources
Distributed
energy
storage system
Improved
Efficiency
Environment
Friendly

12. PHASOR MEASUREMENT
The PMU is capable
of measuring the synchronized
voltage and current phasor in
a power system.
Placed in both the end of HV
lines
SCADA is ineffective without
PMU’s

14. INFORMATION TRANSFER
Efficient
Energy
Management
Handshaking
Continuous
monitoringSelf Healing
Avoid
Blackouts
Power
System
Never
Sleeps

15. SMART GRID AS
VIRTUAL POWER PLANT

16. MICRO GRIDS
SMALL SCALE POWER
GRIDS
EFFECTIVE
INTEGRATION OF
RENEWABLE ENERGY
RESOURCES
OPERATE
INDEPENTELY
OPERATE IN
CONJUNCTION WITH
GRID
EFFECTIVE IN
EMERGENCY
SITUATIONS
ENERGY EFFICIENT
AND COST EFFECTIVE
CAMPUS/COMMUNITY
BASED MICRO GRIDS

17. MICRO GRID COMPONENTS

18. MICRO GRIDS IN INDIA
MG – FUTURE GRIDS OF INDIA
POWERING RURAL INDIA – 10,000 Villages
TARA PROJECT
Players in INDIA
1. GE INDIA
2. SCHINDER ELECRIC
3. NTPC & Many Small Players
4. Indian Army – Military Micro grid

19. RESEARCH POTENTIAL
PLENTY OF
OPPURTUNITIES
MODELLING OF
SG & MG
ECONOMIC
LOAD
DISPATCH
UNIT
COMMITMENT
DESIGN OF
POWER
ELECTROIC
DEVICES
INTEGRATION
OF
RENEWABLE
ENERGY
EFFECTIVE
STORAGE

20. MAJOR CHALLENGES
HUGE INVESTMENT
GOVT POLICIES
INTERMITENT RES
SWITCHING MODE
PROBLEMS
NO UNIFORM
STANDARDS