Preparing for EASA Mod.15 Gas turbine engines . Then avoid reading lengthy books here are my personal short notes and explanations and important topics for Mod.15
GAS TURBINE ENGINES CONSTRUCTION PART 1 - INLETNisarg Mistry
Preparing for EASA Mod.15 Gas turbine engines . Then avoid reading lengthy books here are my personal short notes and explanations and important topics for Mod.15 .
GAS TURBINE ENGINES PART 2 - PERFORMANCENisarg Mistry
Preparing for EASA Mod.15 Gas turbine engines . Then avoid reading lengthy books here are my personal short notes and explanations and important topics for Mod.15
Jet Propulsion: Recap, Intake, Types of compressor, and MoreJess Peters
Jet Propulsion: Recap, Intake, Types of compressor: Axial flow compressor and Centrifugal flow compressor.
After Burners
Air distribution in the Combustion Chamber.
Reverse Thrust
The turbofan engine is a propulsive mechanism to combine the high thrust of a turbojet with the high efficiency of a propeller. Basically, a turbojet engine forms the core of the turbofan; the core contains the diffuser, compressor, burner, turbine, and nozzle. However, in the
turbofan engine, the turbine drives not only the compressor, but also a large fan external to the core. The fan itself is contained in a shroud that is wrapped around the core.
GAS TURBINE ENGINES CONSTRUCTION PART 1 - INLETNisarg Mistry
Preparing for EASA Mod.15 Gas turbine engines . Then avoid reading lengthy books here are my personal short notes and explanations and important topics for Mod.15 .
GAS TURBINE ENGINES PART 2 - PERFORMANCENisarg Mistry
Preparing for EASA Mod.15 Gas turbine engines . Then avoid reading lengthy books here are my personal short notes and explanations and important topics for Mod.15
Jet Propulsion: Recap, Intake, Types of compressor, and MoreJess Peters
Jet Propulsion: Recap, Intake, Types of compressor: Axial flow compressor and Centrifugal flow compressor.
After Burners
Air distribution in the Combustion Chamber.
Reverse Thrust
The turbofan engine is a propulsive mechanism to combine the high thrust of a turbojet with the high efficiency of a propeller. Basically, a turbojet engine forms the core of the turbofan; the core contains the diffuser, compressor, burner, turbine, and nozzle. However, in the
turbofan engine, the turbine drives not only the compressor, but also a large fan external to the core. The fan itself is contained in a shroud that is wrapped around the core.
A presentation taking the student through how a Jet Engine works, and the different types of Jet Engine available. Initially written to prepare Air Cadets for their Jet Engine exam.
This so called PPT for propulsion study for Shenyang Aerospace University. This PPT right protected by Dr. divinder K. Yadav. Its using in SAU by Lale. For all students of Aeronautical Engineering must memorize each & every words from this PPT. If you miss a single words you must fail in the Exam. Remember there is no chance to be creative or use sense you just need to use the power of memorizing.
This so called PPT for propulsion study for Shenyang Aerospace University. This PPT right protected by Dr. divinder K. Yadav. Its using in SAU by Lale. For all students of Aeronautical Engineering must memorize each & every words from this PPT. If you miss a single words you must fail in the Exam. Remember there is no chance to be creative or use sense you just need to use the power of memorizing.
A presentation taking the student through how a Jet Engine works, and the different types of Jet Engine available. Initially written to prepare Air Cadets for their Jet Engine exam.
This so called PPT for propulsion study for Shenyang Aerospace University. This PPT right protected by Dr. divinder K. Yadav. Its using in SAU by Lale. For all students of Aeronautical Engineering must memorize each & every words from this PPT. If you miss a single words you must fail in the Exam. Remember there is no chance to be creative or use sense you just need to use the power of memorizing.
This so called PPT for propulsion study for Shenyang Aerospace University. This PPT right protected by Dr. divinder K. Yadav. Its using in SAU by Lale. For all students of Aeronautical Engineering must memorize each & every words from this PPT. If you miss a single words you must fail in the Exam. Remember there is no chance to be creative or use sense you just need to use the power of memorizing.
INTRODUTION OF AIRCRAFT PROPULSION-new.pptxrahul325730
This is an topic which related to aeronautical and aerospace field
This topic will help you to go through propulsion in an aircrafts engine and rocket engine
#propulsion#aeronautics
Brayton cycle is a air standard cycle used to understand working of gas turbines. It is constant pressure cycle which shows how process are going in gas turbine.
Brayton or Joule cycle -P-V diagram and thermal efficiency. Construction and working of gas turbine i] Open cycle ii] Closed cycle gas turbine, simple circuit, Comparison, P-V & T-S diagramTurbojet and Turboprop Engine and Application
FABRICATION AND IMPLIMENTATION OF TUEBOCHARGER ON TWO STROKE VEHICLEijiert bestjournal
In present situation everybody in this world needs to ride a high powered,high fuel efficient and less emission two wheelers. In order to meet the requirements of the people an attempt have been made this in this proje ct to increase the power by using the exhaust gas of the engine by passing this gas o n to turbine compressor arrangement. This compressor compresses the fresh a ir and is sent to the carburetor. Now a days the demand of the fuel is increased beca use of turbocharger is important to increase the performance and the fuel efficiency is increased by using turbocharger.
5 Warning Signs Your BMW's Intelligent Battery Sensor Needs AttentionBertini's German Motors
IBS monitors and manages your BMW’s battery performance. If it malfunctions, you will have to deal with an array of electrical issues in your vehicle. Recognize warning signs like dimming headlights, frequent battery replacements, and electrical malfunctions to address potential IBS issues promptly.
"Trans Failsafe Prog" on your BMW X5 indicates potential transmission issues requiring immediate action. This safety feature activates in response to abnormalities like low fluid levels, leaks, faulty sensors, electrical or mechanical failures, and overheating.
Core technology of Hyundai Motor Group's EV platform 'E-GMP'Hyundai Motor Group
What’s the force behind Hyundai Motor Group's EV performance and quality?
Maximized driving performance and quick charging time through high-density battery pack and fast charging technology and applicable to various vehicle types!
Discover more about Hyundai Motor Group’s EV platform ‘E-GMP’!
Why Is Your BMW X3 Hood Not Responding To Release CommandsDart Auto
Experiencing difficulty opening your BMW X3's hood? This guide explores potential issues like mechanical obstruction, hood release mechanism failure, electrical problems, and emergency release malfunctions. Troubleshooting tips include basic checks, clearing obstructions, applying pressure, and using the emergency release.
Things to remember while upgrading the brakes of your carjennifermiller8137
Upgrading the brakes of your car? Keep these things in mind before doing so. Additionally, start using an OBD 2 GPS tracker so that you never miss a vehicle maintenance appointment. On top of this, a car GPS tracker will also let you master good driving habits that will let you increase the operational life of your car’s brakes.
What Exactly Is The Common Rail Direct Injection System & How Does It WorkMotor Cars International
Learn about Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDi) - the revolutionary technology that has made diesel engines more efficient. Explore its workings, advantages like enhanced fuel efficiency and increased power output, along with drawbacks such as complexity and higher initial cost. Compare CRDi with traditional diesel engines and discover why it's the preferred choice for modern engines.
𝘼𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙦𝙪𝙚 𝙋𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙘 𝙏𝙧𝙖𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙞𝙨 𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙮 𝙛𝙖𝙢𝙤𝙪𝙨 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙪𝙛𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙞𝙧 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩𝙨. 𝙒𝙚 𝙝𝙖𝙫𝙚 𝙖𝙡𝙡 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙘 𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙪𝙡𝙚𝙨 𝙪𝙨𝙚𝙙 𝙞𝙣 𝙖𝙪𝙩𝙤𝙢𝙤𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙖𝙪𝙩𝙤 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙖𝙡𝙡 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙖𝙢𝙤𝙪𝙨 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙚𝙨 𝙗𝙪𝙮 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙪𝙡𝙚𝙨 𝙛𝙧𝙤𝙢 𝙪𝙨.
Over the 10 years, we have gained a strong foothold in the market due to our range's high quality, competitive prices, and time-lined delivery schedules.
Comprehensive program for Agricultural Finance, the Automotive Sector, and Empowerment . We will define the full scope and provide a detailed two-week plan for identifying strategic partners in each area within Limpopo, including target areas.:
1. Agricultural : Supporting Primary and Secondary Agriculture
• Scope: Provide support solutions to enhance agricultural productivity and sustainability.
• Target Areas: Polokwane, Tzaneen, Thohoyandou, Makhado, and Giyani.
2. Automotive Sector: Partnerships with Mechanics and Panel Beater Shops
• Scope: Develop collaborations with automotive service providers to improve service quality and business operations.
• Target Areas: Polokwane, Lephalale, Mokopane, Phalaborwa, and Bela-Bela.
3. Empowerment : Focusing on Women Empowerment
• Scope: Provide business support support and training to women-owned businesses, promoting economic inclusion.
• Target Areas: Polokwane, Thohoyandou, Musina, Burgersfort, and Louis Trichardt.
We will also prioritize Industrial Economic Zone areas and their priorities.
Sign up on https://profilesmes.online/welcome/
To be eligible:
1. You must have a registered business and operate in Limpopo
2. Generate revenue
3. Sectors : Agriculture ( primary and secondary) and Automative
Women and Youth are encouraged to apply even if you don't fall in those sectors.
What Does the PARKTRONIC Inoperative, See Owner's Manual Message Mean for You...Autohaus Service and Sales
Learn what "PARKTRONIC Inoperative, See Owner's Manual" means for your Mercedes-Benz. This message indicates a malfunction in the parking assistance system, potentially due to sensor issues or electrical faults. Prompt attention is crucial to ensure safety and functionality. Follow steps outlined for diagnosis and repair in the owner's manual.
Symptoms like intermittent starting and key recognition errors signal potential problems with your Mercedes’ EIS. Use diagnostic steps like error code checks and spare key tests. Professional diagnosis and solutions like EIS replacement ensure safe driving. Consult a qualified technician for accurate diagnosis and repair.
Fleet management these days is next to impossible without connected vehicle solutions. Why? Well, fleet trackers and accompanying connected vehicle management solutions tend to offer quite a few hard-to-ignore benefits to fleet managers and businesses alike. Let’s check them out!
Digital Fleet Management - Why Your Business Need It?
FUNDAS OF GAS TURBINE ENGINE
1. FUNDAMENTALS OF GAS TURBINE ENGINE..
PRINCIPLES AND SHORT NOTES..
-NISARG MISTRY
2. INTRODUCTION –
The gas turbine engine is an Internal combustion engine that uses air as the working fluid .
The engine extracts chemical energy from fuel and converts it to mechanical energy using the
gaseous energy of the working fluid (air) to drive the Turbine . In case of turboprop engine the
turbine also drives the propeller (will be discussed further) which ,in turn ,propel the aircraft.
3. THE GAS TURBINE CYCLE -
The basic principle of the airplane turbine engine is identical to any and all engine that extract
energy from chemical fuel. The basic 4 steps for any internal combustion engine are :
The basic 4 steps can be assumed as – SUCK , Squeeze , BANG , BLOW
1. Intake of air
2. Compression of the air.
3. Combustion , where fuel is injected and burned to convert the stored energy.
4. Expansion and Exhaust , where the converted energy is put to use ..
In the case of a Piston engine , such as the engine in a car or reciprocating aircraft engine ,
the intake , compression , combustion , and exhaust steps occur in the same place i.e cylinder
head at different times as the piston goes up and down.
4. In case of a turbine engine , however these same 4 steps occur at the same time but in
different places , As a result of this fundamental difference , the turbine has engine sections
called –
1. The Inlet section
2. The compressor section.
3. The combustion section (aka the Combustor).
4. The Turbine & Exhaust section.
The turbine section of the gas turbine engine has the task of producing usable output shaft
power to drive the compressor . In addition , it must also provide power to drive the engine
accessories. It does this by expanding the high temperature , pressure and velocity gas and
converting the gaseous energy to mechanical energy in the form of shaft power (aka shaft horse
power).
A large mass of air must be supplied to the turbine in order to produce the necessary power .
This mass of air is supplied by the compressor , which draws the air into the engine and
squeezes it to provide high-pressure air to the turbine . The compressor does this by converting
mechanical energy from the turbine to gaseous energy in the form of pressure and temperature.
5. If the compressor and the turbine were 100% efficient , the compressor would supply all the air
needed by the turbine . At the same time , the turbine would supply the necessary power to
drive the compressor . In this case , a perpetual motion (a state in which movement or action is or
appears to be continuous and unceasing.) machine would exist . However , frictional losses and
mechanical system inefficiencies do not allow a perpetual motion machine to operate . Additional
energy must be added to the air to accommodate for these losses . Power output is also desired
from the engine (beyond simply driving the compressor); thus, even more energy must be added
to the air to produce this excess power. Energy addition to the system is accomplished in the
combustor . Chemical energy from fuel as it is burned is converted to gaseous energy in the
form of high temperatures and high velocity as the air passes through the combustor. The
gaseous energy is converted back to mechanical energy in the turbine , providing power to drive
the compressor and the output shaft.
WHY COMBUSTION IS NECESSARY (THE ACTUAL FACT)..
6. Important constructional parts or sections of GTE –
1) – Air Inlet Duct
2) - Compressor.
3) - Diffuser.
4) - Combustor.
5) - Turbine.
6) - Exhaust.
• Inlet is also a part of Airframe not engine . Since it is the constructional part of the engine we
Study it in Engine construction.
8. Turbojet Engine –
1) – Turbojet Derives its thrust by accelerating a small mass of air which goes through the engine.
2) - All of the propulsive force is derived from the imbalance of forces within the engine itself.
Characteristics of Turbojet -
• Low thrust at low forward speed.
• Relatively High thrust specific Fuel Consumption (TSFC) at low altitudes & airspeed.
• Long takeoff Roll.
• Small frontal area resulting in low drag and reduces Ground clearance problems.
• Light Specific Weight.
• Ability to take Advantage of Ram pressure.
9. Turboprop Engines -
Propulsion in turboprop engine is greatly accomplished by propeller . Only a small amount of Approx – 10%
Of jet thrust is Avail.
Characteristics of A Turboprop Engine -
• High propulsive efficiency at low airspeed , which results in shorter takeoff rolls but falls rapidly as
airspeed increases .
• The propeller can accelerate large qty. of air at zero forward velocity of airplane.
• More complicated design and heavier weight than turbojet.
• Lower TSFC.
• Large Frontal area of propeller and engine that requires Longer landing gears for low wing aircraft .
• Possibilities of Efficient Reverse Thrust.
10. Turboshaft Engine -
A GTE that delivers power through a shaft to operate something other than a propeller , this type
Of Engine is k/a Turboshaft Engine.
This Engine’s construction is like Turboprop Engine.
The engine uses almost all exhaust energy to drive the O/P shaft.
This type of GTE is mostly used in Helicopters.
Turboshaft Engine is used in APU (Auxiliary PWR Unit).
This type of GTE is used for Vertical Takeoffs and Landings.
11. Characteristics of Turboshaft Engine -
Lowest TSFC.
Accelerates Large mass of air through large velocity change.
Used for vertical TOs and Landings.
More complicated design & Heavy weight.
Used for short Distance Flights.
12. Turbofan Engine -
A turbofan engine may be considered as a cross b/w Turbojet & Turboprop.
A Turbofan Engine Accelerates a Large volume of air then a Turbojet.
The fan is driven by set of core engine turbine designed to drive the Fan only.
This GTE can be a HIGH-BYPASS or LOW-BYPASS . Now a days its Ultra High Bypass – PW1127.
The ratio of the amount of air that Bypass (passes Around) the core of engine to the amount of
air that passes through the core is called BYPASS RATIO.
The fan air can account for around 80% of total engine Thrust.
Mostly used engine.
The advantage of using High Bypass engine are greater efficiencies and Reduced Engine noise.
13. Characteristics of Turbofan Engine -
It increases thrust at low forward speed which results in short takeoffs.
TSFC is B/W Turbojet & Turboprop , resulting in increased operating economy & Aircraft Range over turbojet.
Noise level Reduction of 10 to 20% over turbojet which results in reduced fatigue cracks in nearby parts.
The Turbofan is superior to the turbojet in Hot day performance.
Thrust Reversers are most efficient .
Better cooling of Engine due to bypass air.
Ground Clearance are less than turboprop but not as good as Turbojet.
14. Thrust Specific Fuel Consumption (TSFC) -
Thrust specific Fuel Consumption is a measure of the number of pounds of fuel burned per hour for each
Pound of thrust produced.
Principle of GAS TURBINE ENGINE -
The basics operation of GTE is relatively simple . Air is brought into the front of the engine and compressed
Fuel is mixed with this air and burned , the heated exhaust gases rush out the back of the engine . The parts
Of GTE works together to change fuel energy to energy of motion , to cause the greatest thrust for the fuel
Used.
HOT SECTION – Combustion and Turbine section.
COLD SECTION – Air compressor and diffuser section.
Rest to be continued in next presentation…..