This document describes NIOSH Method 7300 for analyzing multiple elements from air samples using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The method involves collecting air samples on filters then digesting the filters using nitric and perchloric acids. The digestates are then analyzed via ICP-AES to determine concentrations of elements like aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, calcium, cadmium, cobalt and others. The method aims to simultaneously analyze over 20 elements within the working range of 0.005 to 2.0 mg/m3 from a 500 L air sample. Precision and accuracy were determined using spiked filters but were not fully evaluated.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Analysis for and quantification of sulfur in crude oil, natural gas, petrochemicals, and industrial chemicals is critical to ensuring quality, process control, and safety for refinery, processors, and users. Understanding the speciation and concentration of sulfur compounds is vital in the hydrocarbon processing industry. Gas chromatography with sulfur chemiluminescence detection (GC-SCD) is one of the most powerful tools for sulfur analysis of hydrocarbons. This poster showcases the use of a new SCD for analysis according to various ASTM methods.
This document describes a steam and water analysis system (SWAS) for a power plant. It discusses the need for online monitoring of critical water parameters to prevent equipment damage from scaling and corrosion. The SWAS conditions samples through cooling, pressure regulation, and filtering before analyzing parameters like pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, silica, and phosphate. It provides details on sample inlet schematics, equipment, analyzer specifications and calibration procedures. Maintaining water purity is important for protecting steam turbines and other apparatus.
INCAT is a novel solvent-free method for extracting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using a needle trap device. It provides a simple, inexpensive, and efficient way to concentrate and introduce samples into gas chromatography (GC) analysis in a single step without using toxic organic solvents. The document describes the INCAT method and presents results demonstrating it can effectively extract and analyze compounds like benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) from air and solution samples, with advantages over traditional extraction methods like being faster, using no solvents, and having low detection limits.
This document discusses several methods for determining water content and other properties of solutions including refractive index, osmolality, and osmolarity. It describes the principles, procedures, and considerations for Karl Fischer titration, azeotropic distillation, and freezing point depression methods of water content determination. It also discusses how osmolality is measured in relation to osmotic pressure and freezing point depression. Instruments discussed include Karl Fischer titrators, osmometers, and Abbe refractometers.
The document describes various laboratory instruments and techniques used in water treatment plants. It discusses common laboratory areas and safety practices. Specific instruments described include pH meters, conductivity meters, turbidity meters, bomb calorimeters, Orsat apparatus, spectrophotometers, flame photometers, and particle counters. The document outlines analyses performed on water, fuels, oils, and flue gases and techniques such as hardness testing, alkalinity testing, sieve analysis, and waste disposal.
CE8512- WATER & WASTE WATER ANALYSIS LAB MANUVALLokesh Kalliz
This document provides the procedure for determining the acidity of water samples through titration. It begins with an introduction on the principle of acidity determination, which is measuring a sample's capacity to react with a strong base. The procedure involves titrating the sample with a standard sodium hydroxide solution using a phenolphthalein indicator until the solution turns pink. The volume of base required is then used to calculate the acidity level in terms of milligrams per liter of calcium carbonate. Precautions mentioned include using carbon dioxide-free reagents and indicators to ensure an accurate result. In summary, this document outlines the titrimetric method for quantitatively analyzing a water sample's acidity level.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Analysis for and quantification of sulfur in crude oil, natural gas, petrochemicals, and industrial chemicals is critical to ensuring quality, process control, and safety for refinery, processors, and users. Understanding the speciation and concentration of sulfur compounds is vital in the hydrocarbon processing industry. Gas chromatography with sulfur chemiluminescence detection (GC-SCD) is one of the most powerful tools for sulfur analysis of hydrocarbons. This poster showcases the use of a new SCD for analysis according to various ASTM methods.
This document describes a steam and water analysis system (SWAS) for a power plant. It discusses the need for online monitoring of critical water parameters to prevent equipment damage from scaling and corrosion. The SWAS conditions samples through cooling, pressure regulation, and filtering before analyzing parameters like pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, silica, and phosphate. It provides details on sample inlet schematics, equipment, analyzer specifications and calibration procedures. Maintaining water purity is important for protecting steam turbines and other apparatus.
INCAT is a novel solvent-free method for extracting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using a needle trap device. It provides a simple, inexpensive, and efficient way to concentrate and introduce samples into gas chromatography (GC) analysis in a single step without using toxic organic solvents. The document describes the INCAT method and presents results demonstrating it can effectively extract and analyze compounds like benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) from air and solution samples, with advantages over traditional extraction methods like being faster, using no solvents, and having low detection limits.
This document discusses several methods for determining water content and other properties of solutions including refractive index, osmolality, and osmolarity. It describes the principles, procedures, and considerations for Karl Fischer titration, azeotropic distillation, and freezing point depression methods of water content determination. It also discusses how osmolality is measured in relation to osmotic pressure and freezing point depression. Instruments discussed include Karl Fischer titrators, osmometers, and Abbe refractometers.
The document describes various laboratory instruments and techniques used in water treatment plants. It discusses common laboratory areas and safety practices. Specific instruments described include pH meters, conductivity meters, turbidity meters, bomb calorimeters, Orsat apparatus, spectrophotometers, flame photometers, and particle counters. The document outlines analyses performed on water, fuels, oils, and flue gases and techniques such as hardness testing, alkalinity testing, sieve analysis, and waste disposal.
CE8512- WATER & WASTE WATER ANALYSIS LAB MANUVALLokesh Kalliz
This document provides the procedure for determining the acidity of water samples through titration. It begins with an introduction on the principle of acidity determination, which is measuring a sample's capacity to react with a strong base. The procedure involves titrating the sample with a standard sodium hydroxide solution using a phenolphthalein indicator until the solution turns pink. The volume of base required is then used to calculate the acidity level in terms of milligrams per liter of calcium carbonate. Precautions mentioned include using carbon dioxide-free reagents and indicators to ensure an accurate result. In summary, this document outlines the titrimetric method for quantitatively analyzing a water sample's acidity level.
Laboratory manual of water supply and sewerage engineeringTaufique Hasan
This document provides the procedure for determining the total alkalinity of water through titration. It defines alkalinity as the capacity of water to neutralize acids and discusses the significance of alkalinity measurements in water and wastewater treatment. The procedure involves titrating a water sample with sulfuric acid to two end points using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators. The ml of acid used is then used to calculate the total, hydroxide, carbonate, and bicarbonate alkalinity concentrations in the sample.
Gas chromatography is an analytical technique used to separate mixtures by vaporizing the components and carrying them by a carrier gas through a column containing a stationary phase. The components elute from the column at different times based on their partitioning between the mobile and stationary phases. Key aspects include the carrier gas, sampling unit, columns, and detectors such as thermal conductivity, electron capture, and flame ionization which produce signals proportional to component concentrations. Gas chromatography has applications in pharmaceutical analysis, food and environmental testing to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze samples.
determination of carbon dioxide in watersaima aleem
This document describes methods for determining the amount of carbon dioxide in water samples. It discusses how surface waters typically contain less than 10 ppm of free carbon dioxide while ground waters often exceed this level. The classical buret titration method and improved evolution method are described for determining carbon dioxide concentration. An instrumental coulometry method is also mentioned. The document provides details on reagents, procedures, and precautions for the buret titration method, which involves titrating a water sample with sodium hydroxide and measuring the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed.
Thank you for the informative presentation on gas chromatography. Here are a few comments:
- The level of technical detail provided on the various components and detectors is very useful for understanding how GC works. The diagrams help visualize the processes.
- Covering common stationary phases, applications like fatty acid analysis, and qualitative/quantitative analysis techniques provides a good overview of GC capabilities.
- Discussing limitations like sample volatility and potential decomposition is important context. Derivatization methods to overcome this are nicely explained.
- Effects of sample derivation like increased time and potential side reactions/loss are good to note. Overall it seems a well-rounded introduction to GC principles and applications. The presentation style and organization of content helps explain
Gas chromatography (GC) is a technique used to separate and identify volatile organic compounds in a mixture. It works by carrying the analyte compounds through a stationary phase (usually a liquid coated on a solid surface) using an inert gas as the mobile phase. Compounds are separated based on their differing solubilities and boiling points. The GC outputs a chromatogram showing the retention times and relative amounts of each compound in the mixture, allowing for qualitative and quantitative analysis. In this experiment, students will analyze an unknown alkane sample by GC and compare its chromatogram to a reference to identify the compounds present.
Water supply and sewerage engineering laboratoryTaufique Hasan
The document discusses water quality testing performed on samples from the First Ladies Hall of Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet. Water samples were tested for various parameters under water supply engineering (drinking water) and sewerage engineering (sewage). For drinking water, tests found the pH, carbon dioxide, turbidity, alkalinity, iron, and manganese levels were all within acceptable limits for drinking water. For sewage, tests were conducted to determine total solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and chloride. The hardness of the water sample was also found to be within acceptable limits.
The document summarizes an internship report on water quality analysis in different areas of Faisalabad, Pakistan. It discusses the importance of water quality analysis, parameters analyzed, methods used, and chain of custody procedures to ensure sample integrity. Key parameters analyzed include physical properties like taste, odor, color and turbidity, chemical properties like pH, hardness, metals and nutrients, and microbiological analysis of coliform bacteria. Standard methods are selected based on required precision, cost and water use. Proper sampling, preservation, labeling, sealing and documentation in a chain of custody form tracks samples from collection to analysis.
Gas chromatography is a process that separates components of a mixture using an inert gas as the mobile phase. It involves vaporizing a sample and injecting it onto the head of a chromatographic column containing a stationary phase. The sample is then transported through the column by the flow of the mobile phase gas. Common detectors used in gas chromatography include the thermal conductivity detector, flame ionization detector, and electron capture detector. The flame ionization detector is highly sensitive for detecting organic compounds containing carbon. The electron capture detector is selective for compounds containing electronegative atoms like halogens.
This document provides an overview of gas chromatography. It discusses the basic principles, instrumentation, detectors, and applications of GC. The key points are:
- GC separates compounds based on differences in partitioning between a mobile gas phase and stationary phase in a column. A carrier gas transports the sample through the column where separation occurs.
- Common instrumentation includes a gas source, injector, chromatographic column with temperature control, and detectors. Columns can be packed or open tubular. Common detectors described are FID, TCD, ECD, and NPD.
- GC has applications in qualitative analysis like purity testing and identification of unknown compounds. It can also be used for quantitative analysis using calibration standards or an internal
Ammonia (NH3) Mitigation Using Electrolyzed Water Spray Scrubber LPE Learning Center
Proceedings available at: http://www.extension.org/67656
The objective of this research was to evaluate electrolyzed water as a solution for a lab-scale spray scrubber for removing NH3 from air. A one-stage spray scrubber was fabricated to treat 50 cfm (1.42 m3/min) of introduced mixed NH3-air with an approximate NH3 concentration of 20 ppm. The mixed air was blown, countercurrent, to the 5-ft vertical scrubber body using a fan. Eight scrubber design variables were studied including contact times, nozzle types and scrubber solutions. Three contact times were 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 s. The two narrow and standard nozzles sprinkled in a full-cone spray pattern but at different angles of 26ᴼ and 52ᴼ, respectively. The scrubber solutions variables tested were reverse osmosis (RO) water and two types of electrolyzed water (50 ppm of total chlorine) with pH = 9.0 and pH = 6.5. The 18 combinations of treatments were tested in three replications and statistically analyzed to investigate the objective. The result showed that all of the experiments were able to mitigate the NH3, but at different efficiencies. The maximum efficiency of 53% was acquired with the narrow nozzle, 0.9s contact time and electrolyzed water with pH = 6.5. Therefore, it was concluded that increasing the contact time, decreasing the pH of electrolyzed water and using the narrow angle, higher flow rate nozzle increased the scrubber efficiency.
Chromatography is a physical separation method that separates a mixture into its individual components. It works by distributing the analytes between a stationary and mobile phase. There are different types of chromatography defined by the mobile and stationary phases used, including gas chromatography (GC) which uses a gas as the mobile phase. GC is commonly used with capillary columns for high resolution separation of volatile organic compounds. It works by separating compounds based on their partitioning between the stationary phase coating on the column and the carrier gas mobile phase.
The document discusses the flame ionization detector (FID). It explains that the FID is one of the most sensitive and reliable detectors for gas analysis. It works by ionizing solutes in a flame, with electrons emitted attracted to a positive electrode to produce a current. The FID is responsive only to organic compounds with carbon atoms, making it useful for analyzing volatile solutes in water without pretreatment. It also lists key characteristics of the FID like being rugged, sensitive, having a wide dynamic range, and being destructive. Example applications mentioned include analyzing purge gases and impurities in gas supplies for various industrial processes.
The document provides procedures for determining various chemical and physical properties of materials like coolant, hydrochloric acid, and water. It describes 10 different analytical methods, listing the instruments, reagents, and procedures required for each test. The tests include determining pH, conductivity, total hardness, oil percentage, iron content, chloride content, SAP value, acid content, iron content in acid, and specific gravity. For each test, the document provides the calculation to obtain the concentration or value of the property being tested from the experimental results.
Gas chromatography is a technique used to separate components in a mixture based on how they partition between a mobile gas phase and a stationary liquid phase. Key aspects of the document include:
- The main types are gas-solid and gas-liquid chromatography depending on whether the stationary phase is a solid or liquid.
- Separation is based on the partition coefficient, which is related to how soluble components are in the stationary phase. Components with higher solubility elute later.
- Key instrumentation includes the carrier gas, injection port, columns (packed or capillary), and detectors such as FID, TCD, ECD.
- Factors that affect separation include the polarity of the stationary phase versus components
The document summarizes the flame ionization detector (FID). It operates by passing a sample gas through a hydrogen-air flame, which ionizes organic compounds. These ions produce a current that is proportional to the amount of organic compounds present. The FID is very sensitive to organic compounds, exhibiting high sensitivity down to 10-13g/s. It is commonly used for gas chromatography due to its low cost, low maintenance, rugged design, and wide linear detection range. However, it cannot detect inorganic compounds and destroys the sample during combustion.
This Presentation Clarifying about potable Water analysis and their methods which i gave training on operation and maintenance team for Oman Al Ghubrah Independence Water Project (SWRO Desalination 42 MIGD)
Gas chromatography is a technique used to separate and analyze compounds that can be vaporized without decomposition. It works by carrying a gas or vapor sample in an inert gas stream over a stationary liquid or solid phase material in a column. Components of the sample partition between the mobile and stationary phases at different rates, allowing them to be separated and detected as they elute from the column. Key aspects of gas chromatography include the carrier gas, columns, temperature control, and detectors used to identify and quantify the separated components based on their retention times and peak areas. Thermal conductivity detectors, flame ionization detectors, and electron capture detectors are some common types used.
This document describes a method for measuring total particulates not otherwise regulated in air. It involves collecting airborne particulate material on a filter using a sampling pump operating at 1-2 L/min. The filter is weighed before and after to determine the total particulate mass collected. The method has a working range of 1-20 mg/m3 and can be used to measure various types of dust and fibers to which workers may be exposed. It provides a measure of total dust concentration as a time-weighted average.
Este documento estabelece valores de iluminância mínimos para iluminação artificial em interiores. Ele fornece tabelas com recomendações de iluminância para diferentes tipos de atividades visuais e locais, como escritórios, auditórios, indústrias e escolas. Além disso, fornece diretrizes gerais sobre como medir e selecionar a iluminância adequada de acordo com características da tarefa e do observador.
Laboratory manual of water supply and sewerage engineeringTaufique Hasan
This document provides the procedure for determining the total alkalinity of water through titration. It defines alkalinity as the capacity of water to neutralize acids and discusses the significance of alkalinity measurements in water and wastewater treatment. The procedure involves titrating a water sample with sulfuric acid to two end points using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators. The ml of acid used is then used to calculate the total, hydroxide, carbonate, and bicarbonate alkalinity concentrations in the sample.
Gas chromatography is an analytical technique used to separate mixtures by vaporizing the components and carrying them by a carrier gas through a column containing a stationary phase. The components elute from the column at different times based on their partitioning between the mobile and stationary phases. Key aspects include the carrier gas, sampling unit, columns, and detectors such as thermal conductivity, electron capture, and flame ionization which produce signals proportional to component concentrations. Gas chromatography has applications in pharmaceutical analysis, food and environmental testing to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze samples.
determination of carbon dioxide in watersaima aleem
This document describes methods for determining the amount of carbon dioxide in water samples. It discusses how surface waters typically contain less than 10 ppm of free carbon dioxide while ground waters often exceed this level. The classical buret titration method and improved evolution method are described for determining carbon dioxide concentration. An instrumental coulometry method is also mentioned. The document provides details on reagents, procedures, and precautions for the buret titration method, which involves titrating a water sample with sodium hydroxide and measuring the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed.
Thank you for the informative presentation on gas chromatography. Here are a few comments:
- The level of technical detail provided on the various components and detectors is very useful for understanding how GC works. The diagrams help visualize the processes.
- Covering common stationary phases, applications like fatty acid analysis, and qualitative/quantitative analysis techniques provides a good overview of GC capabilities.
- Discussing limitations like sample volatility and potential decomposition is important context. Derivatization methods to overcome this are nicely explained.
- Effects of sample derivation like increased time and potential side reactions/loss are good to note. Overall it seems a well-rounded introduction to GC principles and applications. The presentation style and organization of content helps explain
Gas chromatography (GC) is a technique used to separate and identify volatile organic compounds in a mixture. It works by carrying the analyte compounds through a stationary phase (usually a liquid coated on a solid surface) using an inert gas as the mobile phase. Compounds are separated based on their differing solubilities and boiling points. The GC outputs a chromatogram showing the retention times and relative amounts of each compound in the mixture, allowing for qualitative and quantitative analysis. In this experiment, students will analyze an unknown alkane sample by GC and compare its chromatogram to a reference to identify the compounds present.
Water supply and sewerage engineering laboratoryTaufique Hasan
The document discusses water quality testing performed on samples from the First Ladies Hall of Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet. Water samples were tested for various parameters under water supply engineering (drinking water) and sewerage engineering (sewage). For drinking water, tests found the pH, carbon dioxide, turbidity, alkalinity, iron, and manganese levels were all within acceptable limits for drinking water. For sewage, tests were conducted to determine total solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and chloride. The hardness of the water sample was also found to be within acceptable limits.
The document summarizes an internship report on water quality analysis in different areas of Faisalabad, Pakistan. It discusses the importance of water quality analysis, parameters analyzed, methods used, and chain of custody procedures to ensure sample integrity. Key parameters analyzed include physical properties like taste, odor, color and turbidity, chemical properties like pH, hardness, metals and nutrients, and microbiological analysis of coliform bacteria. Standard methods are selected based on required precision, cost and water use. Proper sampling, preservation, labeling, sealing and documentation in a chain of custody form tracks samples from collection to analysis.
Gas chromatography is a process that separates components of a mixture using an inert gas as the mobile phase. It involves vaporizing a sample and injecting it onto the head of a chromatographic column containing a stationary phase. The sample is then transported through the column by the flow of the mobile phase gas. Common detectors used in gas chromatography include the thermal conductivity detector, flame ionization detector, and electron capture detector. The flame ionization detector is highly sensitive for detecting organic compounds containing carbon. The electron capture detector is selective for compounds containing electronegative atoms like halogens.
This document provides an overview of gas chromatography. It discusses the basic principles, instrumentation, detectors, and applications of GC. The key points are:
- GC separates compounds based on differences in partitioning between a mobile gas phase and stationary phase in a column. A carrier gas transports the sample through the column where separation occurs.
- Common instrumentation includes a gas source, injector, chromatographic column with temperature control, and detectors. Columns can be packed or open tubular. Common detectors described are FID, TCD, ECD, and NPD.
- GC has applications in qualitative analysis like purity testing and identification of unknown compounds. It can also be used for quantitative analysis using calibration standards or an internal
Ammonia (NH3) Mitigation Using Electrolyzed Water Spray Scrubber LPE Learning Center
Proceedings available at: http://www.extension.org/67656
The objective of this research was to evaluate electrolyzed water as a solution for a lab-scale spray scrubber for removing NH3 from air. A one-stage spray scrubber was fabricated to treat 50 cfm (1.42 m3/min) of introduced mixed NH3-air with an approximate NH3 concentration of 20 ppm. The mixed air was blown, countercurrent, to the 5-ft vertical scrubber body using a fan. Eight scrubber design variables were studied including contact times, nozzle types and scrubber solutions. Three contact times were 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 s. The two narrow and standard nozzles sprinkled in a full-cone spray pattern but at different angles of 26ᴼ and 52ᴼ, respectively. The scrubber solutions variables tested were reverse osmosis (RO) water and two types of electrolyzed water (50 ppm of total chlorine) with pH = 9.0 and pH = 6.5. The 18 combinations of treatments were tested in three replications and statistically analyzed to investigate the objective. The result showed that all of the experiments were able to mitigate the NH3, but at different efficiencies. The maximum efficiency of 53% was acquired with the narrow nozzle, 0.9s contact time and electrolyzed water with pH = 6.5. Therefore, it was concluded that increasing the contact time, decreasing the pH of electrolyzed water and using the narrow angle, higher flow rate nozzle increased the scrubber efficiency.
Chromatography is a physical separation method that separates a mixture into its individual components. It works by distributing the analytes between a stationary and mobile phase. There are different types of chromatography defined by the mobile and stationary phases used, including gas chromatography (GC) which uses a gas as the mobile phase. GC is commonly used with capillary columns for high resolution separation of volatile organic compounds. It works by separating compounds based on their partitioning between the stationary phase coating on the column and the carrier gas mobile phase.
The document discusses the flame ionization detector (FID). It explains that the FID is one of the most sensitive and reliable detectors for gas analysis. It works by ionizing solutes in a flame, with electrons emitted attracted to a positive electrode to produce a current. The FID is responsive only to organic compounds with carbon atoms, making it useful for analyzing volatile solutes in water without pretreatment. It also lists key characteristics of the FID like being rugged, sensitive, having a wide dynamic range, and being destructive. Example applications mentioned include analyzing purge gases and impurities in gas supplies for various industrial processes.
The document provides procedures for determining various chemical and physical properties of materials like coolant, hydrochloric acid, and water. It describes 10 different analytical methods, listing the instruments, reagents, and procedures required for each test. The tests include determining pH, conductivity, total hardness, oil percentage, iron content, chloride content, SAP value, acid content, iron content in acid, and specific gravity. For each test, the document provides the calculation to obtain the concentration or value of the property being tested from the experimental results.
Gas chromatography is a technique used to separate components in a mixture based on how they partition between a mobile gas phase and a stationary liquid phase. Key aspects of the document include:
- The main types are gas-solid and gas-liquid chromatography depending on whether the stationary phase is a solid or liquid.
- Separation is based on the partition coefficient, which is related to how soluble components are in the stationary phase. Components with higher solubility elute later.
- Key instrumentation includes the carrier gas, injection port, columns (packed or capillary), and detectors such as FID, TCD, ECD.
- Factors that affect separation include the polarity of the stationary phase versus components
The document summarizes the flame ionization detector (FID). It operates by passing a sample gas through a hydrogen-air flame, which ionizes organic compounds. These ions produce a current that is proportional to the amount of organic compounds present. The FID is very sensitive to organic compounds, exhibiting high sensitivity down to 10-13g/s. It is commonly used for gas chromatography due to its low cost, low maintenance, rugged design, and wide linear detection range. However, it cannot detect inorganic compounds and destroys the sample during combustion.
This Presentation Clarifying about potable Water analysis and their methods which i gave training on operation and maintenance team for Oman Al Ghubrah Independence Water Project (SWRO Desalination 42 MIGD)
Gas chromatography is a technique used to separate and analyze compounds that can be vaporized without decomposition. It works by carrying a gas or vapor sample in an inert gas stream over a stationary liquid or solid phase material in a column. Components of the sample partition between the mobile and stationary phases at different rates, allowing them to be separated and detected as they elute from the column. Key aspects of gas chromatography include the carrier gas, columns, temperature control, and detectors used to identify and quantify the separated components based on their retention times and peak areas. Thermal conductivity detectors, flame ionization detectors, and electron capture detectors are some common types used.
This document describes a method for measuring total particulates not otherwise regulated in air. It involves collecting airborne particulate material on a filter using a sampling pump operating at 1-2 L/min. The filter is weighed before and after to determine the total particulate mass collected. The method has a working range of 1-20 mg/m3 and can be used to measure various types of dust and fibers to which workers may be exposed. It provides a measure of total dust concentration as a time-weighted average.
Este documento estabelece valores de iluminância mínimos para iluminação artificial em interiores. Ele fornece tabelas com recomendações de iluminância para diferentes tipos de atividades visuais e locais, como escritórios, auditórios, indústrias e escolas. Além disso, fornece diretrizes gerais sobre como medir e selecionar a iluminância adequada de acordo com características da tarefa e do observador.
Este documento fornece uma introdução à toxicologia industrial, definindo termos como toxicidade aguda e crônica e classificações de toxicidade. Ele também define toxicologia e veneno, e descreve métodos para expressar dosagens efetivas, incluindo Limites de Tolerância.
This document describes Method 0600 for measuring respirable particulates not otherwise regulated. It involves sampling with a cyclone and filter to collect respirable dust fractions below 10 micrometers. Gravimetric analysis is used to determine the mass concentration of dust in air by weighing filters before and after sampling. The method has bias that depends on dust size distributions and may be outside ±0.1 criteria for some workplace aerosols. Precision is typically within ±0.01 mg but can be improved with higher sensitivity balances. Calibration, quality control samples, and consideration of various field factors are important for accurate measurement of respirable dust using this method.
O documento fornece diretrizes sobre trabalhos em espaços confinados, definindo-os como locais de dimensões reduzidas com acesso estreito e risco de atmosfera perigosa. Estabelece responsabilidades da supervisão, do trabalhador e do "anjo da guarda", além de medidas como caracterização dos riscos, uso de EPIs, monitoração da atmosfera e procedimentos de emergência.
Multi-Element Determination of Cu, Mn, and Se using Electrothermal Atomic Abs...IOSR Journals
Simultaneous multi-element graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (SIMAA 6000) is used to get a new multi-element determinations methodology for Cu, Mn, and Se. Firstly, the optimum conditions for single-element mode are determined (which include: pyrolysis and atomization temperatures). Secondly, the optimum conditions for multi-element mode are also determined. The conditions in the two modes have been compared in terms of the characteristic masses, detection limits and pyrolysis and atomization temperatures. The effect of the matrix on the determination has been studied using urine standard sample from Seronorm (LOT 0511545). The accuracy of the developing methods has been confirmed by analysis different biological reference materials. Simultaneous multi-element GF-AAS offers a rapid, low cost and sensitive method for the analysis of trace elements
This document describes a procedure for determining the acidity of water samples. It involves titrating an aliquot of the water sample with a sodium hydroxide solution of a known normality until the color change endpoint is reached using either phenolphthalein or methyl orange indicators. The volume of sodium hydroxide used is then used to calculate the total or mineral acidity levels present in the water sample expressed as mg/L of calcium carbonate equivalent. Precise sample handling, chemical preparation steps, a data sheet format, and calculation equations are provided to standardize the acidity determination.
The jar test method involves adding coagulants and flocculants to water samples and using stirrers to simulate the mixing that occurs in water treatment plants. The test determines the optimal chemical types and dosages for reducing turbidity through coagulation and flocculation followed by settling. Samples are flash mixed, slowly mixed, and allowed to settle before measuring turbidity and other parameters of the supernatant water.
The document discusses the principles and applications of atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). AAS can detect over 62 elements and is used to analyze metals in samples like water, soil, food and pharmaceuticals. It works by atomizing samples and measuring light absorption by ground state atoms. Key components are hollow cathode lamps, flame or graphite furnace atomizers, monochromators and detectors. Examples provided are analyzing vanadium in lubricating oil and lead in contaminated soil.
This document provides guidelines and procedures for testing packaged drinking water according to Indian standards. It discusses the required chemical tests to assess compliance with standards, including tests that must be conducted four hourly, daily, weekly, and monthly. The key tests covered include analyzing color, odor, taste, turbidity, pH, total dissolved solids, chloride, and various metals and anions. The standard methods and permissible limits specified by the Bureau of Indian Standards are provided for each test parameter. Precautions for safe laboratory work are also outlined.
This document describes inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and its applications. ICP-AES involves using inductively coupled plasma to excite sample atoms and ions, causing them to emit electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths characteristic of the elements present. This allows simultaneous multi-element analysis. The document discusses various applications of ICP-AES in environmental analysis, petrochemical analysis, metallurgy, geology, food analysis and more. It also provides details on instrumentation parameters, detection limits, sample preparation and references.
Analysis of Disinfection Byproducts by Ion Chromatography
In this presentation, the use of ion chromatography for the determination of bromate, chlorate and haloacetic acids for compliance monitoring according to various ISO standards (15061, 11206, 10304-4, 23631) and U.S. EPA Method 557 will be discussed. Examples will include IC methods using electrolytically generated hydroxide eluents on an RFIC™ system.
Abstract— The water quality was studied for selected samples from groundwater and network water-supply. The values of NH3, NO3-, pH, TDS, alkalinity, hardness, Pb, Cd, Fe3+ and Mn2+ were estimated. Ammonia values ranged between 0.07-0.7 ppm. Nitrate values ranged between 2.4 and 0.35 ppm. The TDS was between 645 ppm and 480 ppm. For Fe3+ and Mn2+ the values are below the limits of WHO except for well 9; and manganese in wells 6-10. Several wells showed values of Cd above the Saudi STD. The network water-supply in Tabuk city was investigated. The TDS values for these samples were between 500-600 ppm. The hardness values exceed the Saudi STD limit. When ammonia was tested, only one sample showed high value. Chloride level was below 158 ppm, but sulfate values for most samples were 128-222 ppm. For iron only one sample (well no. 9) was above the permissible limit.
The researchers synthesized TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) on Ti foil through anodic oxidation at varying voltages. Pt nanoparticles were deposited on the NTs using two methods, but only one electrode showed reactivity to H2O2. Higher anodization voltages increased NT size but decreased stability, and only undamaged NTs successfully deposited Pt. The electrode with some carbon deposits on the NT surface detected H2O2 at -0.277V, indicating it may be suitable for a lactate biosensor.
This document discusses the applications and methodology of atomic absorption spectroscopy. It can be used for qualitative and quantitative analysis in fields like chemistry, minerals, biochemistry, and metallurgy. Specific applications mentioned include determining metallic elements in biological materials, foods, blood serum, petrol, and more. The document outlines the basic principles and steps for qualitative analysis and constructing calibration curves for quantitative analysis. It also discusses techniques for simultaneous multi-component analysis and analyzing various sample types. Sensitivity limits are provided for several common elements.
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) is a sensitive analytical technique used for elemental analysis. It involves generating gaseous atoms of elements from liquid samples using an argon plasma at temperatures of 7000-10000°C, then using a quadrupole mass analyzer to separate and detect ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio. ICPMS provides very low detection limits down to parts-per-trillion levels, multi-element capabilities, and a wide linear dynamic range of 9 orders of magnitude. However, it can be subject to spectral interferences from polyatomic ions, isobaric ions, and doubly charged ions that must be overcome through methods like collision or reaction cells. Advances in
This document describes a practical record for a course on Integrated Coastal Zone Management. It includes procedures for determining dissolved oxygen in seawater using the Winkler method, standardizing a silver nitrate solution to measure chlorinity and salinity of seawater samples, and determining water hardness using EDTA titration. Observations and calculations are provided for sample analyses. The document also provides a brief description of the mangrove species Rhizophora stylosa and its distribution and habitat.
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Detectors Used in Gas Chromatography
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Analysis of Cations in Hydraulic Fracturing Flowback Water from the Marcellus Shale Using Ion Chromatography
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1. The student investigated the effect of increasing concentrations of the enzyme inhibitor copper(II)sulfate (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 mol/dm3) on the activity of the enzyme catalase, measured by the amount of oxygen released during the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide using a data logger.
2. It was hypothesized that there would be a negative correlation between the amount of oxygen released and the concentration of copper(II)sulfate, as the inhibitor would decrease the reaction rate.
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2) Recomenda-se usar cintos de segurança ajustados ao corpo e travas-quedas conectados a cabos ou cordas guia para movimentação vertical e horizontal com mobilidade limitada.
3) Cabos guia devem ser de aço galvanizado ou inox resistentes, enquanto cordas guia podem ser de naylon, e é importante inspecionar regularmente
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O documento descreve os benefícios e procedimentos da coleta seletiva de lixo, incluindo a redução da poluição e prolongamento da vida de aterros. Ele explica onde cada tipo de material reciclável deve ser colocado, como papel na lixeira azul, plástico na vermelha e alumínio na amarela.
O documento descreve os perigos da eletricidade, especificamente choques elétricos. Detalha os principais efeitos da corrente elétrica no corpo humano como tetanização, parada respiratória, queimaduras e fibrilação ventricular. Também discute zonas de efeito da corrente no corpo, a impedância do corpo humano e formas de proteção contra choques elétricos.
Este documento discute a toxicologia ocupacional, abordando brevemente seu histórico, principais agentes tóxicos como gases e metais, efeitos agudos e crônicos de substâncias como amônia, cloreto de hidrogênio, monóxido de carbono, cianeto e sulfeto de hidrogênio. Também descreve a avaliação e monitoramento de trabalhadores expostos a agentes tóxicos.
O documento lista diferentes tipos de máquinas e equipamentos industriais como prensas mecânicas, prensas hidráulicas, martelos de queda, dobradeiras e guilhotinas, e descreve vários sistemas de proteção para essas máquinas, incluindo enclausuramento da área de prensagem, mão mecânica, sistema de gaveta, alimentação por gravidade e sistema de bandeja rotativa.
O documento discute os efeitos do ruído na saúde, como identificar riscos de exposição ao ruído e os tipos e uso correto de protetores auditivos. Ele explica como o ouvido funciona e os danos que podem ocorrer com a exposição prolongada ao ruído, como zumbido e perda auditiva. Também fornece dicas sobre como escolher um bom protetor auditivo e usá-lo corretamente para proteger a audição no trabalho.
O documento fornece instruções sobre o uso correto de respiradores, incluindo como colocá-lo corretamente no rosto, verificar o ajuste e cuidados necessários para manter a durabilidade e conservação do equipamento.
O documento fornece informações sobre primeiros socorros, definindo-o como o conjunto de medidas prestadas por leigos antes da chegada de um médico. Detalha procedimentos para atendimento de vítimas de parada cardiorrespiratória, ferimentos, fraturas, queimaduras e intoxicações, entre outros.
MODELO DE LISTA DE PRESENÇA PARA TREINAMENTOSAne Costa
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MODELO DE LISTA DE PRESENÇA EM TREINAMENTOSAne Costa
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Este documento fornece um relatório de avaliação de fichas de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI). Ele lista itens como o número total de funcionários, fichas de EPI encontradas e faltantes, e verifica se os EPI descritos nas fichas são adequados às funções e trocados periodicamente.
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Este documento é uma ficha de controle individual de EPI que registra a distribuição e devolução de equipamentos de proteção individual para funcionários. Nele, os funcionários assinam um termo de compromisso reconhecendo suas responsabilidades sobre o uso e manutenção corretos dos EPIs fornecidos pela empresa. A ficha também registra informações sobre os EPIs distribuídos a cada funcionário, como tipo, fabricante e número do certificado de aprovação.
Este documento é uma ficha de controle individual de EPI que registra a distribuição e manutenção de equipamentos de proteção individual para funcionários. Nele, os funcionários assinam um termo de compromisso reconhecendo suas responsabilidades sobre o uso e cuidado corretos dos EPIs fornecidos pela empresa de acordo com a legislação de segurança e saúde no trabalho. A ficha também registra informações sobre cada EPI distribuído como a data de entrega, inspeção e devolução.
Este documento é uma análise preliminar de tarefa que lista os detalhes da tarefa, local, equipe envolvida, possíveis riscos e medidas de segurança a serem tomadas.
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
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- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
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https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
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Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
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This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
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In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
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The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
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Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
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GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
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The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
1. ELEMENTS by ICP 7300
(Nitric/Perchloric Acid Ashing)
MW: Table 1 CAS: Table 2 RTECS: Table 2
METHOD: 7300, Issue 3 EVALUATION: PARTIAL Issue 1: 15 August 1990
Issue 3: 15 March 2003
OSHA: Table 2 PROPERTIES: Table 1
NIOSH: Table 2
ACGIH: Table 2
ELEMENTS: aluminum* calcium lanthanum nickel strontium tungsten*
antimony* chromium* lithium* potassium tellurium vanadium*
arsenic cobalt* magnesium phosphorus tin yittrium
barium copper manganese* selenium thallium zinc
beryllium* iron molybdenum* silver titanium zirconium*
cadmium lead*
*Some compounds of these elements require special sample treatment.
SAMPLING MEASUREMENT
SAMPLER: FILTER TECHNIQUE: INDUCTIVELY COUPLED ARGON
(0.8-µm, cellulose ester membrane, or PLASMA, ATOMIC EMISSION
5.0-µm, polyvinyl chloride membrane) SPECTROSCOPY (ICP-AES)
FLOWRATE: 1 to 4 L/min ANALYTE: elements above
VOL-MIN: Table 1 ASHING
-MAX: Table 1 REAGENTS: conc. HNO3 / conc. HClO4 (4:1), 5 mL;
2mL increments added as needed
SHIPMENT: routine
CONDITIONS: room temperature, 30 min; 150 °C to near
SAMPLE dryness
STABILITY: stable FINAL
SOLUTION: 4% HNO3 , 1% HClO4 , 25 mL
BLANKS: 2 to 10 field blanks per set
WAVELENGTH: depends upon element; Table 3
ACCURACY BACKGROUND
CORRECTION: spectral wavelength shift
RANGE STUDIED: not determined CALIBRATION: elements in 4% HNO 3 , 1% HClO4
BIAS: not determined RANGE: varies with element [1]
ESTIMATED LOD: Tables 3 and 4
OVERALL PRECISION (Ö r T ): not determined
PRECISION ( þ ): Tables 3 and 4
ACCURACY: not determined
APPLICABILITY: The working range of this method is 0.005 to 2.0 mg/m3 for each element in a 500-L air sample. This is
simultaneous elemental analysis, not compound specific. Verify that the types of compounds in the samples are soluble with
the ashing procedure selected.
INTERFERENCES: Spectral interferences are the primary interferences encountered in ICP-AES analysis. These are
minimized by judicious wavelength selection, interelement correction factors and background correction [1-4].
OTHER METHODS: This issue updates issues 1 and 2 of Method 7300, which replaced P&CAM 351 [3] for trace elements.
Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (e.g., Methods 70XX) is an alternate analytical technique for many of these elements.
Graphite furnace AAS (e.g., 7102 for Be, 7105 for Pb) is more sensitive.
NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition
2. ELEM ENT S (ICP): ME TH OD 7300, Issue 3, dated 1 5 March 2003 - Page 2 of 8
REAGENTS: EQUIPMENT:
1. Nitric acid (HNO 3), conc., ultra pure. 1. Sam pler: cellulose ester m em brane filter,
2. Pe rchloric acid (H ClO 4), con c., ultra p ure.* 0.8-µm pore size; or polyvinyl chloride
3. Ashing acid: 4:1 (v/v) HNO 3:HClO 4. Mix 4 m em brane, 5.0-µm pore size; 37-m m
volumes conc. HNO 3 with 1 volume conc. diam eter, in cassette filter holder.
HClO 4. 2. Personal sa m pling pum p, 1 to 4 L/m in, with
4. Ca libration s tock solutions, 1000 µg/m L. flexible connecting tubing.
Com mercially available, or prepared per 3. Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission
instrument manufacturer's recomm endation spectrometer, equipped as specified by the
(see step 12 ). manufacturer for analysis of elements of
5. Dilution acid, 4% HNO 3, 1% HC lO 4. Add 50 interest.
mL ashing acid to 600 mL water; dilute to 1 L. 4. Regulator, two-stage, for argon.
6. Argon. 5. Beakers, Phillips, 125-mL, or Griffin, 50-mL,
7. Distilled,deionized water. with watch glass c overs .**
6. Volum etric flasks , 10-, 25-,10 0-m L., and 1-L **
7. Ass orted vo lum etric pipets as need ed.**
* See SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS. 8. Hotplate, surface temperature 150 °C.
** Clean all glasswa re with conc. nitric acid
and rinse thoroughly in distilled water
before use.
SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS: All perchloric acid digestion s are req uired to be done in a perchloric acid
hood. When working with concentrated acids, wear protective clothing and gloves.
SAMPLING:
1. Calibrate each personal sampling pump with a representative sampler in line.
2. Sa m ple at an accurately known flow rate between 1 and 4 L/min for a total sample size of 200 to 2000
L (see Ta ble 1) for T W A m eas urem ents . Do not exceed a filter loading of ap prox imately 2 m g total dust.
SAMPLE PREPARATION:
3. Open the cassette filter holders and transfer the samples and blanks to clean beakers.
4. Add 5 mL ashing acid. Cover with a watchglass. Let stand 30 min at room tem perature.
NOTE: Start a reagent blank at this step.
5. Heat on hotplate (120 °C) until ca. 0.5 mL remains.
NOT E 1: Recovery of lead from som e pa int m atrices m ay require other d igestion tec hniques . See
Method 7082 (Lead by Flame AA S) for an alterna tive hotplate digestion procedure or Method
7302 for a microwave digestion procedure.
NOTE 2: Som e species of Al, Be, Co, Cr, Li, Mn, Mo, V, and Zr will not be completely solubilized by this
procedure. Alternative solubilization techniques for most of these elements can be found
elsewhe re [5-1 0]. For exa m ple, aq ua re gia m ay be n eed ed fo r Mn [6,12].
6. Add 2 m L ashing acid and repeat step 5. Rep eat this step until the solution is clear.
7. Rem ove watchg lass and rinse into the beake r with distilled water.
8. Increase the tem perature to 150 °C and take the s am ple to near dryness (ca. 0.5 m L).
9. Dissolve the residue in 2 to 3 mL dilution acid.
10. Transfer the solutions quantitatively to 25-mL volumetric flasks.
11. Dilute to volume with dilution acid.
NOTE: If more sensitivity is required, the final sample volume m ay be held to 10 mL.
NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition
3. ELEM ENT S (ICP): ME TH OD 7300, Issue 3, dated 1 5 March 2003 - Page 3 of 8
CALIBRATION AND QUALITY CONTRO L:
12. Calibrate the spectrometer according to the manufacturers recomm endations.
NOTE: Typically, an acid blank and 1.0 µg/m L m ultielem ent w ork ing sta nda rds are u sed . The following
multielement combinations are chemically compatible in 4% HNO 3/1% HC lO 4:
a. Al, As, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, La, In, Na
b. Ag, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, Se, Sr, Tl, V, Y, Zn, Sc
c. Mo, Sb, Sn, Te, Ti, W , Zr
d. Acid blank
13. Analyze a standard for every ten samples.
14. Check recoveries with at least two spiked blank filters per ten samples.
MEASUREMENT:
15. Set spec trome ter to conditions spe cified by manufac turer.
16. Analyze standards and samples.
NOTE: If the values for the sam ples are a bove the rang e of th e standa rds, dilute the solutions w ith
dilution acid, reanalyze and apply the appropriate dilution factor in the calculations.
CALCULATIONS:
17. Obta in the solution con cen trations for the sam ple, C s (µg/m L), an d the average m edia blank , C b (µg/m L),
from the ins trum ent.
18. Using the solution volum es o f sam ple, V s (m L), an d m edia blank , V b (mL), calculate the concentration,
C (m g/m 3), of each elem ent in the air volum e sam pled, V (L):
NOTE: µg/L / m g/m 3
EVALUATION OF METHOD:
Issues 1 and 2
Method, 7300 was originally evaluated in 1981 [2,3]. The precision and recovery data were determined at 2.5
and 1000 µg of each element per sample on spiked filters. The m easurements used for the method evaluation
in Issues 1 and 2 were determined with a Jarrell-Ash Model 1160 Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometer
operated according to manufacturer's instructions.
Issue 3
In this update of NIOSH Method 7300, the precision and recovery data were determined at approximately 3x
and 10x the instrumental detection limits on comm ercially prepared spiked filters [12] using 25.0 mL as the
final sample volume. Tables 3 and 4 list the precision and recovery data, instrumental detection limits, and
analytical wavelengths for m ixed cellulos e es ter (M CE ) and polyvinyl chloride (P VC ) filters. PVC Filters which
can be used for total dust measurem ents and then digested for m etals m eas urem ents were tested and found
to give good results. The values in Tables 3 and 4 were determined with a Spectro Analytical Instruments
Model End On Plasma (EOP)(axial) operated according to manufacturer’s instructions.
NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition
4. ELEM ENT S (ICP): ME TH OD 7300, Issue 3, dated 1 5 March 2003 - Page 4 of 8
REFERENCES:
[1] Millson M, Andrews R [2002]. Backup data report, Method 7300, unpublished report, NIOSH/DART.
[2] Hull RD [1981]. Multielement Analysis of Industrial Hygiene Sam ples, NIO SH Internal Re port, presented
at the American Industrial Hygiene Conference, Portland, Oregon.
[3] NIOSH [1982]. NIO SH Ma nua l of Analytical Metho ds, 2nd e d., V. 7, P&CAM 351 (Elements by ICP),
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Publ. (NIOSH) 82-100.
[4] NIOSH [1994]. Elements by ICP: Method 7300, Issue 2. In: Eller PM , Cassinelli ME, eds., NIOSH
Manual of Analytical M etho ds, 4 th ed. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Oc cupational Safety and Health, DHHS
(NIOSH) Publication No. 94-113.
[5] NIOSH [1994]. Lead by FAAS: Method 7082. In: Eller PM, Cassinelli ME, eds., NIOSH Manual of
Analytical Me thod s, 4 th ed. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and H um an Services, C enters
for Dise ase Control an d Prevention, N ation al Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS
(NIOSH) Publication No. 94-113.
[6] NIOS H [1977]. NIO SH M anual of Analytical Method s, 2nd ed., V. 2, S5 (Man ganes e), U.S. Department
of Health, Education, and W elfare, Publ. (NIOSH) 77-157-B.
[7] NIOSH [1994]. Tungsten, soluble/insoluble: Method 7074. In: Eller PM , Cassinelli ME, eds., NIOSH
Manual of Analytical M etho ds, 4 th ed. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS
(NIOSH) Publication No. 94-113.
[8] NIOSH [1979]. NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, 2nd ed., V. 5, P&CAM 173 (Metals by Ato m ic
Absorption), U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Publ. (NIOSH) 79-141.
[9] NIO SH [1977]. NIO SH Ma nua l of Analytical Metho ds, 2nd e d., V. 3, S183 (T in), S185 (Zirconium ), and
S376 (Molybdenum), U.S. Department of Health, Education, and W elfare, Publ. (NIOSH) 77-157-C.
[10] ISO [2001]. W orkplace air - Determination of metals and metalloids in airborne particulate matter by
inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry - Part 2: Sample preparation. International
Orga nization for Standa rdization. ISO 152 02-2:2001(E ).
[11] ASTM [1985]. 1985 Annual Book of A ST M Sta ndards, Vo l. 11.01; Standard Specification for Reagent
W ater; ASTM , Philadelphia, PA, D11 93-77 (198 5).
[12] Certification Inorganic Ventures for spikes.
METHOD REVISED BY:
Mark Millson and Ronnee Andrews, NIOSH/DART.
Method originally written by Mark Millson, NIOSH/DART, and R. DeLon Hull, Ph.D., NIOSH/DSHEF S, James
B. Perkins, David L. W heeler, and Keith Nicholson, DataChem Labortories, Salt Lake City, UT.
NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition
5. ELEM ENT S (ICP): ME TH OD 7300, Issue 3, dated 1 5 March 2003 - Page 5 of 8
TABLE 1. PROPERTIES AND SAMPLING VOLUM ES
Properties
Element Ato m ic Air Volume, L @ OSHA PEL
(Sym bol) W eight MP, °C MIN MAX
Silver (Ag) 107.87 961 250 2000
Alu m inum (Al) 26.98 660 5 100
Arsenic (As) 74.92 817 5 2000
Barium (Ba) 137.34 710 50 2000
Beryllium (Be) 9.01 1278 1250 2000
Calcium (Ca) 40.08 842 5 200
Cadm ium (Cd) 112.40 321 13 2000
Cobalt (Co) 58.93 1495 25 2000
Chrom ium (C r) 52.00 1890 5 1000
Copper (Cu) 63.54 1083 5 1000
Iron (Fe) 55.85 1535 5 100
Potassium (K) 39.10 63.65 5 1000
Lanthanum 138.91 920 5 1000
Lith ium (Li) 6.94 179 100 2000
Magnesium (Mg) 24.31 651 5 67
Manganese (Mn) 54.94 1244 5 200
Molybdenum (Mo) 95.94 651 5 67
Nick el (N i) 58.71 1453 5 1000
Phosphorus (P) 30.97 44 25 2000
Lead (Pb) 207.19 328 50 2000
Antimony (Sb) 121.75 630 .5 50 2000
Selenium (Se) 78.96 217 13 2000
Tin (Sn) 118.69 231 .9 5 1000
Strontium (S r) 87.62 769 10 1000
Tellurium (Te) 127.60 450 25 2000
Titan ium (Ti) 47.90 1675 5 100
Thallium (Tl) 204.37 304 25 2000
Vanadium (V) 50.94 1890 5 2000
Tun gsten (W ) 183.85 3410 5 1000
Yttrium (Y) 88.91 1495 5 1000
Zinc (Zn) 65.37 419 5 200
Zirconium (Zr) 91.22 1852 5 200
NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition