Discussion about Femoral artery and Profunda femoris artery. Also discussion about Femoral vein and Femoral Nerve.

1. Femoral Artery
Femoral vein
Femoral Nerve
Dr Rajiv Ranjan
RIMS, RanchiD
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2. Arteries of inferior extremity
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3. Femoral Artery
Continuation of the external iliac A
Enters behind inguinal lig. @midinguinal point
Descends through femoral triangle (1” in
sheath)
Courses beneath sartorius to enter the
adductor canal
Changes to popliteal A as it passes through
adductor hiatus
Catheterization
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4. Branches
4 small branches below inguinal lig.
Profunda femoris A
Descending genicular artery
Muscular branches to sartorius,
vastus medialis
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5. Profunda femoris A
 Arises laterally from the femoral A, 1’’ below
the inguinal lig.
 Spirals posterior to femoral A & V to reach the
medial side of the femur
 Passes between pectineus & adductor longus
then
 Between Add. Longus and brevis and then
descends between Add. Longus and magnus
 Pierces add. Magnus and terminate as 4th
perforating artery by anastomosing with
branches of popliteal A
Upper border of Adductor longus separates the Femoral & profunda As
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6. Profunda femoris A
Branches
Branches
Medial circumflex femoral arteries
Lateral circumflex femoral arteries
Perforating arteries – 4
Muscular branches
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7. Lateral circumflex femoral A
 Arises from the lateral side of profunda A
 Passes between the branches of the
femoral N, dividing them into superficial
and deep groups
 Disappears from the femoral triangle
beneath sartorius to lie deep to rectus
femoris.
 Here it breaks up into 3 branches
 Ascending br. Gives a branch to the
trochanteric anastomosis and passes on
towards the ASIS
 Transverse br. form one limb of the
cruciate anastomosis
 Descending br. slopes steeply downwards,
with the nerve to vastus lateralis ends by
anastomosing at Patellar Anastomosis
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8. Medial circumflex femoral A
Arises from the medial side of the profunda A
Passes backwards between pectineus & psoas
tendon.
Running above the upper border of Adductor
brevis, it passes between the contiguous
borders of quadratus femoris and adductor
magnus to enter the gluteal region.
2 branches :
 Ascending branch follows obturator
externus to the trochanteric anastomosis
 Horizontal branch forms the Medial limb of
the cruciate anastomosis
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9. 4 Perforating Arteries
 Pass backwards through the adductor magnus
near the linea aspera
 1st above and the 4th below adductor brevis,
and the 2nd and 3rd through it.
 supply the adductor muscles and the
hamstrings and end in vastus lateralis.
 The terminal twigs make a series of anasto
moses with one another, with the cruciate
anastomosis above and with the popliteal
artery below.
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10. Revise
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11. Femoral Vein
 Begins at the adductor hiatus as the
continuation of the popliteal vein
 Enters the apex of femoral triangle
lying posterior to the artery, at the
base lies medial to it
 Ends posterior to the inguinal
ligament as the external iliac veinD
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12. Tributaries
 Profunda femoris V
 Long saphenous V
 Lateral and medial
circumflex femoral V
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13. Relation of Femoral V wrt A
Proximal femoral triangle medial
Distal femoral triangle & proximal adductor
canal  posterior
Distal adductor canal  posterolateral
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14. Femoral Nerve
 Largest branch of the lumbar plexus
 Arises from posterior divisions of L2-4
 Descends through psoas major then
between psoas and iliacus
 Passing behind the inguinal ligament
enters the thigh
 Split into anterior and posterior
divisions by Lat. Circumflex femoral A
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15.  N to iliacus and pectineus
 Anterior division
 Medial femoral cutaneous N
 intermediate femoral cutaneous N
 Nerve to sartorius
 Posterior division
 saphenous nerve
 Muscular branches to quadriceps
 Articular br. To knee jt.
Branches
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