Mitsuo Fuchida led the Japanese air attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 but later converted to Christianity after the war. He was inspired by stories of Christian forgiveness, such as Peggy Covell who cared for Japanese prisoners despite her missionary parents being killed. Fuchida became a Christian evangelist, touring the US and Japan to share his testimony. He worked with Jacob DeShazer, a US airman who had been imprisoned in Japan, to spread the gospel and reconcile former enemies.
This Power Point presentation is designed for students to learn more about our history, specifically the attacks on Pearl Harbor. It is geared toward middle school to high school students.
This Power Point presentation is designed for students to learn more about our history, specifically the attacks on Pearl Harbor. It is geared toward middle school to high school students.
This is a slides that I used while I was studying at IPU New Zealand, at the the class of Internationalism. This a bit of picture of how the attack on Pearl Harbour has happened.
This is a slides that I used while I was studying at IPU New Zealand, at the the class of Internationalism. This a bit of picture of how the attack on Pearl Harbour has happened.
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Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
From Pearl Harbour to Calvary - Mitsuo Fuchida & the Power of Gospel Literature
1. From Pearl Harbour to Calvary –
Mitsuo Fuchido & the Power of Gospel Literature
By Dr. Peter Hammond
2.
3. Mitsuo Fuchida (1902-1976) is best known for leading the
devastating air attack on Pearl Harbour, 7 December 1941.
4. After the war, Fuchida became a Christian Evangelist, who conducted Evangelistic
outreaches throughout Japan, the United States and Europe.
5. Fuchida was the son of the Master of the Primary School in Kashihara.
His grandfather was a Samurai warrior.
Japanese Naval Aviator
6. Mitsuo Fuchida entered the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy in 1921,
graduated as a mid-shipman in 1924,
was promoted to Ensign in 1925,
and sub-Lieutenant in 1927.
7. He specialised in horizontal bombing and
gained combat experience
during the Sino-Japanese War,
when he was assigned
to the aircraft carrier, Kaga, in 1929.
8. Promoted to Lieutenant Commander in 1936,
he was accepted into the Naval Staff College
and joined the aircraft carrier Akagi in 1939,
as Commander of the Air Group.
9. In October 1941,
Fuchida was
made
Commander.
Under the
command of
Vice Admiral
Nagumo,
with 6 aircraft
carriers, and
423 aircraft,
Commander
Fuchida was
responsible...
Attack on Pearl Harbour
14. He was in the first wave of 183 dive-bombers, torpedo-bombers, level-
bombers and fighters, which took off from carriers 370 km North of
Oahu and targeted the US Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbour.
17. At 07:40 (Hawaiian Standard Time), Fuchida ordered
"Tenkai!" ("Take attack position!"),
slid back the canopy of his Nakajima Kate torpedo bomber
and fired a green flare to signal attack.
18. He then instructed his radio operator to send the coded signal
"To, to, to" ("strike!").
19.
20. At 7:53, Fuchida sent the code words "Tora! Tora! Tora!" back to the
carrier Akagi, the flagship, to report that complete surprise had been
achieved.
Tora! Tora! Tora!
21. Tora was the acronym for
Tosugeki Raigeki
(torpedo attack)
and in Japanese Tora
means Tiger.
22. When the attack on Pearl Harbour hit, at 7:55am,
many American sailors, or soldiers, were on leave, or sleeping late.
Attack at Dawn
31. The Oklahoma capsized. The West Virginia and California was sunk. The
Nevada was damaged and beached near the mouth of Pearl Harbour.
32. Tennessee, Maryland and Pennsylvania were damaged.
10 Other ships were sunk or seriously damaged.
33. The Arizona sank with over 1,000 sailors on board,
after a stupendous explosion of its forward magazine.
34. (Just 8 days earlier, the Americans had published a picture of the
Arizona with the words: "It is significant that despite the claims of
air enthusiasts, no battleship has yet been sunk by bombs." )
39. As the first wave returned to the carriers, Fuchida remained over the
target to access damage and to observe the second wave attack.
40.
41.
42. He returned to his carrier only after the second wave
had completed its mission.
43. 21 large flack holes were found
in his aircraft, the main control
wires were barely holding together
and it is incredible that he survived
so many hits to his aircraft.
46. The US Pacific Fleet lost 21 ships – including almost every battleship -
188 aircraft destroyed, another 159 damaged and 2,403 lives lost.
47.
48.
49. In Fuchida's Memoirs, he remarks being upset by the Admiral's
cancelling of the third wave attack, which would have destroyed Pearl
Harbour's fuel tanks and dry dock facilities. "I was upset and thought,
'What stupidity!' But the decision belonged to the Commander.
It would not do any good if I complained.".
50. Years later, Fuchida said that while he mourned those who died aboard
the USS Arizona and other ships, he did not regret his role in the Pearl
Harbour attack.
51. It was war, he said.
After the successful Pearl
Harbour attack,
Fuchida was granted an
audience with the Emperor.
52. On 19 February 1942, Fuchida led the first of two waves of 188 aircraft
in an air raid on Darwin, Australia. On 5 April, he led another series of
air attacks against the Royal Navy bases in Ceylon.
Wounded at Midway
53. Mitsuo Fuchida - A landing of B5N2 bomber on board 'Akagi' aircraft carrier,
Indian Ocean 5-9 April 1942
54. In June 1942, Fuchida was recovering from an emergency shipboard
appendectomy, when he was wounded at the Battle of Midway.
55. He was on the ship's bridge during the morning attacks by US aircraft. As
Akagi was hit, a chain reaction from the burning fuel and live bombs
began the destruction of the ship.
58. After recuperation Fuchida
spent the rest of the war
as a staff officer.
Two weeks before
the American invasion of Guam,
Fuchida was ordered to Tokyo.
A Hand of
Protection
59. When the Japanese on Guam failed to repel the invasion, Vice Admiral
Kakuta and his staff chose Seppuku, the Samurai suicide ritual of
disembowelment. "Again the sword of death had missed me only by
inches." Fuchida declared. "What did it mean?"
60. The day before the first atom bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, he was
in that city to attend a conference. A long distance call from naval
headquarters required him to return to Tokyo.
Hiroshima Bombing
61. As he ate breakfast
in Yamato,
200km away,
Fuchida learned
that everyone
he had been working with
in Hiroshima
had perished
in the atomic explosion.
62. The day after the atomic bombing, he returned to Hiroshima to access
the damage. All of the members of Fuchida's party died of radiation
poisoning, but Fuchida exhibited no symptoms.
63. Each of the Officers who had accompanied Fuchida, to investigate the
devastation in Hiroshima, showed strange signs of illness.
One by one they died through radiation poisoning.
64. As Fuchida returned to Kashirhara, to help his wife raise their children,
he was depressed: "Life had no taste, or meaning… I had missed
death so many times and for what. What did it all mean?"
65. After the war, Fuchida was called to testify at the trials of Japanese
military leaders.
War Crimes Trials
66. When General Douglas McArthur
summoned Fuchida to testify in the
Tokyo War Crimes trials, Captain
Fuchida was disgusted and
declared that everyone should
know that "War was war" and that
cruel acts occurred on both sides.
68. In 1947, he met his former flight engineer, Kazuo Kanegasaki,
who he thought had died in the Battle of Midway.
Love For One’s Enemies
69. However Kanegasaki reported that
a young Christian woman,
Peggy Covell, had cared for them,
in the prison camps, despite her
Missionary parents having been
killed by Japanese soldiers on the
Island of Panay, in the Philippines.
70. Peggy Covell's parents were Missionary teachers in Japan until 1939.
They then relocated to the Philippines. The Japanese conquered the
Philippines in 1941. They beheaded both of Peggy's parents on Sunday
morning, 19 December 1943.
71. To Fuchida, this love for one's enemies was inexplicable as the Bushido
code required revenge against the murder of one's parents to restore
honour. He became obsessed with trying to understand why anyone
would treat their enemies with kindness and forgiveness.
72. The extraordinary examples
of Peggy Covell
and Jacob De Shazer inspired
Fuchida to know more about
the God of the Christians.
Inspiring Example
73. When Japanese Prisoners of War asked the young 18-year old Peggy
Covell why she volunteered to help them, her reply was:
"Because Japanese soldiers killed my parents."
74. When Peggy considered her parent's sacrificial service for the Kingdom
of God, and their love for the Japanese people, she was convinced that
she must continue their Mission, reaching Japanese for Christ.
75. As Fuchida researched from every source in the Philippines that knew
the Covells, he learned that they had been forced to their knees by their
captives and they had prayed together as they were about to be
beheaded. They had prayed for the Japanese!
76. In 1948, as Fuchida was passing by the bronze statue of Hachiko
at the Shibuya station,
Literature Evangelism
77. he was handed a pamphlet about the life of Jacob De Shazer, a member
of the Doolittle Raid, who was captured when his
B-25 bomber ran out of fuel in occupied China.
Literature Evangelism
78. In the pamphlet: "I was a Prisoner of Japan", De Shazer, a former US
Army Air Force staff sergeant and bombardier, related his testimony of
imprisonment, torture and awakening to God.
79. Jacob De Shazer was the bombardier of B-25 No.16. After taking off
from USS Hornet and dropping bombs on Nagoya, Japan, they flew to
China, but ran out of fuel over Japanese controlled China.
Doolittle Raid Bombers
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85. They were captured after parachuting to the ground.
De Shazer was imprisoned for 40 months,
34 of these months in solitary confinement. He was beaten,
malnourished and 3 of his crew were executed by firing squad.
86. The fourth member, Lt. Bob Meder died of starvation.
After 25 months of hating his captives,
a Bible came into his hands,
for only three weeks,
but it changed his life completely.
87. He began to learn Japanese and to treat his captives with respect. He
resolved to bring the Message of Christ to Japan. After returning to the
USA, De Shazer attended Seattle Pacific College and returned to Japan
to preach the Gospel.
88. After 40 months as
captives, three of the
four surviving
American prisoners
— noticeably emaciated
— arrived at Chungking,
China,
in late August 1945.
From left - Jake DeShazer,
Bob Hite
and Chase Nielsen.
90. He established a church in
Nagoya, the very city he had
bombed years before.
Fuchida became intrigued with
the Christian Faith.
91. The shocking examples of Christians
able to forgive their enemies
staggered Fuchida.
"That’s when I met
Jesus. Looking back
I can see now that the
Lord had laid His hand
upon me so that
I might serve Him."
92. Fuchida read the tract on the spot and on the train he saw an
advertisement for a book with the same title. When he disembarked,
he headed for a book store and purchased it.
The Power of the Printed Page
93. De Shazer's story engrossed
Fuchida.
Determined to understand what
had motivated De Shazer,
Fuchida bought a Bible
from a Japanese man
on the street.
94. It was 1949 when Fuchida purchased a Bible at the same Shibuyu station
where he had received a pamphlet.
Faith Comes From Hearing the
Word of God
95. As he read the Gospels he came to understand the reason for the life of
forgiveness and mercy that motivated Peggy and Jacob.
96. When he read "Father, forgive them, for they do not know
what they are doing." (Luke 23:24), Fuchida realised that this
was what the Covells had been praying before their
execution.
97. It was the crucifixion of Jesus and His Words in the Gospel:
"Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing." On
14th April 1950, he surrendered to Jesus Christ as his Lord and Saviour.
98. By the time he had completed reading the Gospel of Luke,
Fuchida had become a Christian. He knew no Christians,
but now he began to declare himself to be a Christian.
The Power of God
99. As Christianity was considered the "occupation religion" in Japan,
this brought him much reproach from his former friends and family.
100. Pietsch and Glenn Wagner,
of the Pocket Testament
League of Japan met with
Fuchida and encouraged him
to join them
in open air outreach.
101. In the business section of Osaka, as the Americans stood to speak, fewer
than 40 Japanese would stop to listen.
Open Air Preaching
102. But when Fuchida, Hero of Pearl Harbour, was introduced,
the crowd swelled rapidly. Rush hour traffic stopped.
Hundreds gathered, even the police listened in.
103. This was the beginning of Fuchida's
new career as an Evangelist.
Soon he filled an auditorium in
Osaka, 500 Japanese came forward
at that rally.
Japan for Christ
104. Almost every newspaper in Japan
reported on it:
He described his conversion as
"It was like having the sun rise."
He preached against Japanese-
egocentrism and xenophobia.
105. Like Paul on Mars Hill
(Acts 17:16-34),
he used Japanese cultural examples
to communicate
the Gospel of Christ.
106. Captain Fuchida went from being a vital part of Japan's military attack
on the United States, to being a vital part of God's Missionary offensive
into the hearts, minds and souls of Japanese, and later Americans and
Europeans too.
107. In May 1950, Fuchida and De Shazer met for the first time.
Fuchida and De Shazer
109. In May he visited De Shazer,
knocked on his door and said:
"I have desired to meet you, Mr
De Shazer. My name is Mitsuo
Fuchida."
De Shazer recognised the name
and said: "Come in! Come in!"
The former enemies embraced
as brothers in Christ.
117. Doolittle and Fuchida - March 1953 meeting as friends who were once enemies
- Christ the answer
118. Cliff Barrows, songleader of the Billy Graham evangelistic team, Cpt Fuchida,
and Rev. Harry Hoshimoto.
119. George Wilson, Youth for Christ director, presenting Cpt Fuchida with his 'red'
Billy Graham Bible
120. Billy Graham and Cpt. Fuchida upon his acceptance of Christ and his arrival in
the US December 7, 1952
121.
122. In February 1954, Readers Digest published Fuchida's story
of the attack on Pearl Harbour.
123. Fuchida wrote - From Pearl Harbour to Golgotha
(later renamed - From Pearl Harbour to Calvary
124. and a 1955 expansion of his book:
Midway – The Battle that Doomed
Japan, the Japanese Navy Story.
125. His autobiography - For That One Day, The Memoirs of Mitsuo Fuchida,
Commander of the Attack on Pearl Harbour, was published in Japan
2007 and translated into English and published in 2011.
126.
127. In Midway: The Battle that
Doomed Japan,
Fuchida wrote:
"Five minutes! Who
would have believed that
the tide of battle would
shift in that brief interval
of time?
The Turning Point
128. ...We have been caught flat-footed in the most vulnerable position
possible, decks loaded with planes armed and fuelled for attack."
129.
130. Fuchida turned down an offer from the Japanese government to
organise their new Air Force, he faced down an angry pilot who pulled a
knife and threatened to kill him. This man later came to Christ.
Courage and Self-Sacrifice
131. Mitsuo Fuchida, at Pearl Harbor in 1966,
points to where he led Japanese planes
132. Fuchida ministered in prisons and led people to Christ, even in the cells
of condemned murderers. He formed Calvary Clubs in prisons.
133. Mitsuo Fuchida related
the testimony of Peggy Covell
and her brave parents all over Japan.
The Blood
of the Martyrs
134. He quoted her testimony:
"But the Holy
Spirit has washed
away my hatred
and has replaced
it with love."
135. The Covells had gone to
their death singing
hymns joyfully
and praying
for the conversion of
their enemies.
The Blood of the martyrs
is the seed
of the Church.
Mitsuo Fuchida was one
of the fruit of their Faith.
136. Fuchida spent the rest of his
life as an Evangelist,
taking the Gospel of Christ
throughout Japan,
the
United States of America
and Europe.
137. Dr. Peter Hammond
Reformation Society
P.O. Box 74
Newlands, 7725
Cape Town, South Africa
Tel: (021) 689-4480
Fax: (021) 685-5884
Email: info@ReformationSA.org
Website: www.ReformationSA.org