The document defines and compares different levels of trade from local to global. Local trade involves transactions within small geographic areas while regional trade spans larger regions within or between countries. National trade is confined within a single country's borders. International trade crosses national borders, and global trade encompasses economic exchange worldwide. Trade facilitation aims to simplify and standardize cross-border procedures to improve efficiency of international commerce.

1. From local to global trade since
globalization

2. Local Trade:
•Definition: Local trade refers to the buying and selling
of goods and services within a specific geographic area,
such as a town, city, or region.
•Characteristics:
• Primarily involves local businesses and
consumers.
• Face-to-face transactions are common.
• Limited market reach compared to higher levels of
trade.

3. Regional Trade:
•Definition: Regional trade involves the exchange of goods and
services between different regions within a country or a group of
neighboring countries.
•Characteristics:
• Involves larger geographic areas than local trade.
• May benefit from regional trade agreements, fostering
cooperation between neighboring nations.
• Can lead to specialization based on regional resources
and expertise.

4. National Trade:
•Definition: National trade refers to the buying and selling
of goods and services within the borders of a single
country.
•Characteristics:
• Involves trade between regions and cities within
the country.
• Governed by national trade policies and
regulations.
• Can be influenced by factors such as economic
policies, infrastructure, and political stability.

5. International Trade:
•Definition: International trade involves the exchange of
goods and services between countries.
•Characteristics:
• Cross-border transactions between nations.
• Subject to international trade laws, agreements,
and treaties.
• Influenced by factors like exchange rates, tariffs,
and global economic conditions.
• Can lead to economic interdependence and
specialization on a global scale.

6. Global Trade:
•Definition: Global trade encompasses economic
activities that involve the exchange of goods and services
on a worldwide scale.
•Characteristics:
• Involves trade between countries across
continents.
• Highly influenced by globalization, technological
advancements, and multinational corporations.
• Global supply chains and complex networks of
trade relationships.
• Issues such as sustainability, ethical
considerations, and global economic imbalances
become more pronounced.

7. Trade Facilitation:
•Definition: Trade facilitation involves the simplification,
harmonization, and standardization of international trade
procedures to make cross-border transactions more
efficient.
•Characteristics:
• Aims to reduce trade barriers and streamline
customs processes.
• Enhances the flow of goods and services across
borders.
• Involves the use of technology, such as electronic
documentation and automated customs clearance.