Freedom of expression is limited in Russia, especially for government critics. The Russian government controls media by restricting the internet and television, and newspapers practice widespread self-censorship. Those who express unwelcome views face pressure from authorities. New legislation further restricts freedom of expression. The government also jails and assassinates opposition leaders and journalists who criticize the government or Putin. Over 25 journalists have been assassinated since Putin took office.
O novo relatório do Commitee to Protect Journalists revela que há 232 jornalistas presos em todo o mundo por acusações de terrorismo ou de crimes contra o Estado. É o maior número desde que a organização começou a recolher os dados em 1990
O novo relatório do Commitee to Protect Journalists revela que há 232 jornalistas presos em todo o mundo por acusações de terrorismo ou de crimes contra o Estado. É o maior número desde que a organização começou a recolher os dados em 1990
This report on the observance of political and civil rights and freedoms was prepared by the Ukrainian human rights platform "Uspishna Varta" for the period April-June 2018.
This report includes an analysis of legislative regulation and law enforcement practices in the framework of government policy, as well as the status of social respect for the following rights and freedoms in Ukraine in 2014-2018.
The right to freedom of speech and opinion
Article 34 of the Constitution of Ukraine, Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Articles 18 and 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
The right to freedom of thought
Article 35 of the Constitution of Ukraine, Article 9 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 18 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
The right to freedom of association
Articles 36 and 37 of the Constitution of Ukraine, Article 11 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 22 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
The right to freedom of assembly
Article 39 of the Constitution of Ukraine; Article 11 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 21 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
The right to political participation
Article 38 of the Constitution of Ukraine, Article 25 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
This report assesses the observance of rights and freedoms on the territory controlled by the government of Ukraine. The human rights platform "Uspishna Varta" has no mandate to operate on the territories of Crimea and Donbass that are not under the control of the government of Ukraine in order to make an objective assessment of the human rights situation on these territories.
This report is based on data obtained by the human rights platform "Uspishna Varta" via conducting detailed interviews with victims and witnesses of human rights violations and infringements, experts and human rights defenders, as well as via carrying out activities to assist in the protection of human rights in documented cases. Among them - the monitoring of trials, advocacy work with the duty bearers on respecting human rights, non-governmental organizations, and the media.
The report on the observance of political and civil rights and freedoms was prepared by the Ukrainian human rights platform "Uspishna varta" (“Successful Guards”) and covers the period from May 25th, 2014 to May 25th, 2018.
This period of monitoring is due to the fact that on May 25th, 2014 in Ukraine early
presidential elections were held. Accordingly, from this period, responsibility for the
observance of rights and freedoms in Ukraine is assigned to the elected President Petro
Poroshenko and the team that was appointed by him or elected with his support to senior
positions in the state.
The monitoring assesses the observance of rights and freedoms in the territory controlled by the government of Ukraine. The human rights platform "Uspishna varta" has no mandate to operate on the territories of Crimea and Donbass that are not under the control of the government of Ukraine to make an objective assessment of the human rights situation in these territories.
The report is based on the monitoring of the observance of key political rights and
freedoms, namely:
The right to freedom of speech and opinion
Article 34 of the Constitution of Ukraine, Article 10 of the European Convention on
Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 18, 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
The right to freedom of thought
Article 35 of the Constitution of Ukraine, Article 9 of the European Convention on Human
Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 18 of the International Covenant on Civil and
Political Rights.
The right to freedom of association
Article 36-37 of the Constitution of Ukraine; Article 11 of the European Convention on
Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 22 of the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights.
Right to freedom of assembly
Article 39 of the Constitution of Ukraine; Article 11 of the European Convention on
Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 21 of the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights.
Right to political participation
Article 38 of the Constitution of Ukraine, Article 25 of the International Covenant on Civil
and Political Rights.
In the framework of the report there is analysis of legislative regulation and law enforcement
practices in the context of government policy, as well as the status of social respect for these
rights and freedoms in Ukraine in 2014-2018.
The report is based on data obtained by the human rights platform "Uspishna varta" through
conducting detailed interviews with victims and witnesses of human rights violations and
infringements, experts and human rights defenders, as well as through carrying out activities
to assist in the protection of human rights in documented cases. Among them - the
monitoring of trials, the advocacy of work with the duty bearers on the observance of
human rights, non-governmental organizations, and the media.
Nordic Freelance Journalists: Are dark days returning to Russia?Jarmo Koponen
BEYOND THE BORDERS, Majvik 15.06.2013. Kremlin is helping to make negative image about Russia. It is easy to do unbalanced stories. Russian definitions of such terms as law, success, and fairness are different from the Western ones. But it is still a normal country, which is very different from Scandinavian countries, but even so it´s way of living is much more like an Italian one. Foreigners are privileged compared with the Russian journalists. If you criticize - someone may just be irritated because the journalist picks up an issue. You never know how upset they might be. Often the pressure is not directed only towards the journalist, but towards the whole publication.
In March 2018, another presidential election took place in the Russian
Federation. For the fourth time Vladimir Putin won the election by a large majority of
votes. Alexei Navalny – an opposition candidate who had been preparing his election
campaign since the end of 2016 – was not allowed to stand in the election. Regardless
of his elimination from the election, Navalny remained an active member of Russian
political life before and after the election; he carried out a boycott of the election,
and organized post-election protests. Without a doubt, despite the ban on running in
the election, Navalny was one of the main figures in the electoral process. Thus, the
aim of this article is a detailed analysis of Navalny’s preparations for the campaign
– the authors focused not only on the candidate’s opposition activity, but also on his
unique measures and methods of running a campaign (Internet, social media, crowdfunding). The article examines the campaign preparations, as well as the reasons for
the rejection of Navalny’s registration as an election candidate, social support index,
relationships with other candidates and the change of strategy after the Central Election Commission’s decision. The analysis is based on Russian law, Central Election
Commission’s decisions, opinion poll results and information from the Russian and
international media.
La organización Freedom House, reconocida a escala global por su papel en la defensa de los derechos civiles y políticos en todo el mundo, otorgó el Premio a la Libertad de Expresión 2016 al CEO del Grupo Clarín, Héctor Horacio Magnetto, por su rol en "el ejercicio y la defensa de la libertad de prensa en la Argentina durante la última década".
Міжнародна правозахисна організація Freedom House у Вашингтоні повідомила, що рівень свободи ЗМІ у світі за 2015 рік впав до найнижчого рівня за останні 12 років.
China, also known as the Peoples Republic of China or PRC, is a cou.docxbissacr
China, also known as the People's Republic of China or PRC, is a country located in the east of Asia. It is the largest Asian country and has the biggest population in the world at around 1.4 billion. Its ruling and founding political party is called the
Communist Party
wherein the head of state is the President, elected by the National People's Congress. He supervises the state council which consists of four vice premiers and the heads of ministries and commissions.
Although Human rights are exercised in this country, a sample of which is the freedom of speech, it is not freely implemented, since it is limited and firmly restricted by specific regulations and laws. This essay will tackle the restriction of freedom of speech in China.
Limited Freedom of Expression
Freedom of expression is the right to convey one’s opinions and thoughts without fear of being punished by the country's government. And although a lot of countries are exercising freedom of speech, some countries like China don't have this as one of their basic human rights.
As a sample, during the 2008 Summer Olympics, the Chinese government agreed to release permits allowing the people to protest in specific areas designed as protest parks in Beijing, but most of the applications sent to the government were either refused, banned or withheld and the police authorities even apprehended the people who applied for permits. If you are looking for essay examples, for example, a
freedom of speech persuasive essay
, it would impossible to find an essay that cites controversial issues. This is because access to web pages considered by the authorities of China as "threatening" or "risky" to the Communist Party are blocked on the internet.
On the brighter side, The Chinese government is spending huge amounts of money on catching and blocking not only web pages that advertise political change within the country, but also websites which may have violence and pornography. According to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, Chinese citizens can enjoy the freedom of the press and freedom of speech.
However, these kinds of freedom are not institutionally protected. Public speeches that consist of forbidden subjects that can have a huge impact on the people could result in a penalty by the government, and that can include criminal sentences.
As a country ruled by
communism
, it does not accept any disapproval or protest from its people, and other parties defying the government and criticizing them are at risk of persecution. As a Chinese citizen, you are not allowed to freely use social media and have access to western news since it is also controlled by the government.
Other Restrictions
Aside from the government's restriction on freedom of speech, there are other limitations and regulations as well, such as on the administration of publishing and radio and television administration. According to the constitution regarding the administration of publication, .
Virtual Civil Society But It Is Real.docDoan Trang
This paper provides an overview of the rise of civil society in Vietnam in the last five years from 2007 to 2012. It focuses on how civil society has been growing since 2011 with the crucial contribution of social media networks even though the political culture around it is communist. In addition to describing the growth of civil society, it seeks to outline the many measures that the ruling communist party has been taking to put blogosphere in Vietnam under tight control, and the ongoing online war between the party and democracy activists.
Despite the daunting control by the ruling communist party, civil society has been burgeoning and broadening its influence in Vietnam, with the Internet as its starting point.
Explain how firms can benefit from forecastingexchange rates .docxhanneloremccaffery
Explain how firms can benefit from forecasting
exchange rates
Describe the common techniques used for
forecasting
Explain how forecasting performance can be
evaluated
explain how interval forecasts can be applied
APA format, minimum 3 sources
Paper will be a minimum of 650 and a maximum of 900 words.
(This includes title section, content, and references…in other
words the entire paper)
.
•POL201 •Discussions •Week 5 - DiscussionVoter and Voter Tu.docxhanneloremccaffery
• POL201 • Discussions • Week 5 - Discussion
Voter and Voter Turnout
Prepare: Prior to completing this discussion question, review Chapters 10, 11, and 12 in American Government and review Week Five Instructor Guidance. Also read the following articles: How Voter ID Laws Are Being Used to Disenfranchise Minorities and the Poor (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., Fraught with Fraud (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., and Proof at the Polls (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
Reflect: The U.S. has one of the lowest voter turnout rates among modern democratic political systems. One study ranks the U.S. 120th on a list of 169 nations compared on voter turnout (Pintor, Gratschew, & Sullivan, 2002). During the last decade, many initiatives have been undertaken to increase voter participation, yet concerns about the possibility of election fraud have also increased. Additionally, some political interests feel threatened by the increase in turnout among some traditionally low-turnout ethnic minorities. Several states have recently passed legislation imposing new registration and identification requirements. This has sparked debate about whether these are tactics intended to suppress turnout or to prevent fraud. Think about the media’s role in the election process and how both mass media and social media can impact the election process.
Write: In your initial post, summarize recent developments in several states enacting voter ID laws. Analyze and describe the pros and cons on both sides of the debate about these laws. Is voter fraud a major problem for our democracy or are some groups trying to make it harder for some segments of society to vote? What impact has the media (mass and social) had in influencing public opinion regarding voter ID laws? Draw your own conclusion about the debate over voter ID laws and justify your conclusions with facts and persuasive reasoning. Fully respond to all parts of the prompt and write your response in your own words. Your initial post must be at least 300 words. Support your position with at least two of the assigned resources required for this discussion, and/or peer reviewed scholarly sources obtained through the AU Library databases. Include APA in-text citations (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. in the body of your post and full citations on the references list (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. at the end. Support your position with APA citations from two or more of the assigned resources required for this discussion. Please be sure that you demonstrate understanding of these resources, integrate them into your argument, and cite them properly.
.
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This report on the observance of political and civil rights and freedoms was prepared by the Ukrainian human rights platform "Uspishna Varta" for the period April-June 2018.
This report includes an analysis of legislative regulation and law enforcement practices in the framework of government policy, as well as the status of social respect for the following rights and freedoms in Ukraine in 2014-2018.
The right to freedom of speech and opinion
Article 34 of the Constitution of Ukraine, Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Articles 18 and 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
The right to freedom of thought
Article 35 of the Constitution of Ukraine, Article 9 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 18 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
The right to freedom of association
Articles 36 and 37 of the Constitution of Ukraine, Article 11 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 22 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
The right to freedom of assembly
Article 39 of the Constitution of Ukraine; Article 11 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 21 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
The right to political participation
Article 38 of the Constitution of Ukraine, Article 25 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
This report assesses the observance of rights and freedoms on the territory controlled by the government of Ukraine. The human rights platform "Uspishna Varta" has no mandate to operate on the territories of Crimea and Donbass that are not under the control of the government of Ukraine in order to make an objective assessment of the human rights situation on these territories.
This report is based on data obtained by the human rights platform "Uspishna Varta" via conducting detailed interviews with victims and witnesses of human rights violations and infringements, experts and human rights defenders, as well as via carrying out activities to assist in the protection of human rights in documented cases. Among them - the monitoring of trials, advocacy work with the duty bearers on respecting human rights, non-governmental organizations, and the media.
The report on the observance of political and civil rights and freedoms was prepared by the Ukrainian human rights platform "Uspishna varta" (“Successful Guards”) and covers the period from May 25th, 2014 to May 25th, 2018.
This period of monitoring is due to the fact that on May 25th, 2014 in Ukraine early
presidential elections were held. Accordingly, from this period, responsibility for the
observance of rights and freedoms in Ukraine is assigned to the elected President Petro
Poroshenko and the team that was appointed by him or elected with his support to senior
positions in the state.
The monitoring assesses the observance of rights and freedoms in the territory controlled by the government of Ukraine. The human rights platform "Uspishna varta" has no mandate to operate on the territories of Crimea and Donbass that are not under the control of the government of Ukraine to make an objective assessment of the human rights situation in these territories.
The report is based on the monitoring of the observance of key political rights and
freedoms, namely:
The right to freedom of speech and opinion
Article 34 of the Constitution of Ukraine, Article 10 of the European Convention on
Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 18, 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
The right to freedom of thought
Article 35 of the Constitution of Ukraine, Article 9 of the European Convention on Human
Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 18 of the International Covenant on Civil and
Political Rights.
The right to freedom of association
Article 36-37 of the Constitution of Ukraine; Article 11 of the European Convention on
Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 22 of the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights.
Right to freedom of assembly
Article 39 of the Constitution of Ukraine; Article 11 of the European Convention on
Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 21 of the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights.
Right to political participation
Article 38 of the Constitution of Ukraine, Article 25 of the International Covenant on Civil
and Political Rights.
In the framework of the report there is analysis of legislative regulation and law enforcement
practices in the context of government policy, as well as the status of social respect for these
rights and freedoms in Ukraine in 2014-2018.
The report is based on data obtained by the human rights platform "Uspishna varta" through
conducting detailed interviews with victims and witnesses of human rights violations and
infringements, experts and human rights defenders, as well as through carrying out activities
to assist in the protection of human rights in documented cases. Among them - the
monitoring of trials, the advocacy of work with the duty bearers on the observance of
human rights, non-governmental organizations, and the media.
Nordic Freelance Journalists: Are dark days returning to Russia?Jarmo Koponen
BEYOND THE BORDERS, Majvik 15.06.2013. Kremlin is helping to make negative image about Russia. It is easy to do unbalanced stories. Russian definitions of such terms as law, success, and fairness are different from the Western ones. But it is still a normal country, which is very different from Scandinavian countries, but even so it´s way of living is much more like an Italian one. Foreigners are privileged compared with the Russian journalists. If you criticize - someone may just be irritated because the journalist picks up an issue. You never know how upset they might be. Often the pressure is not directed only towards the journalist, but towards the whole publication.
In March 2018, another presidential election took place in the Russian
Federation. For the fourth time Vladimir Putin won the election by a large majority of
votes. Alexei Navalny – an opposition candidate who had been preparing his election
campaign since the end of 2016 – was not allowed to stand in the election. Regardless
of his elimination from the election, Navalny remained an active member of Russian
political life before and after the election; he carried out a boycott of the election,
and organized post-election protests. Without a doubt, despite the ban on running in
the election, Navalny was one of the main figures in the electoral process. Thus, the
aim of this article is a detailed analysis of Navalny’s preparations for the campaign
– the authors focused not only on the candidate’s opposition activity, but also on his
unique measures and methods of running a campaign (Internet, social media, crowdfunding). The article examines the campaign preparations, as well as the reasons for
the rejection of Navalny’s registration as an election candidate, social support index,
relationships with other candidates and the change of strategy after the Central Election Commission’s decision. The analysis is based on Russian law, Central Election
Commission’s decisions, opinion poll results and information from the Russian and
international media.
La organización Freedom House, reconocida a escala global por su papel en la defensa de los derechos civiles y políticos en todo el mundo, otorgó el Premio a la Libertad de Expresión 2016 al CEO del Grupo Clarín, Héctor Horacio Magnetto, por su rol en "el ejercicio y la defensa de la libertad de prensa en la Argentina durante la última década".
Міжнародна правозахисна організація Freedom House у Вашингтоні повідомила, що рівень свободи ЗМІ у світі за 2015 рік впав до найнижчого рівня за останні 12 років.
China, also known as the Peoples Republic of China or PRC, is a cou.docxbissacr
China, also known as the People's Republic of China or PRC, is a country located in the east of Asia. It is the largest Asian country and has the biggest population in the world at around 1.4 billion. Its ruling and founding political party is called the
Communist Party
wherein the head of state is the President, elected by the National People's Congress. He supervises the state council which consists of four vice premiers and the heads of ministries and commissions.
Although Human rights are exercised in this country, a sample of which is the freedom of speech, it is not freely implemented, since it is limited and firmly restricted by specific regulations and laws. This essay will tackle the restriction of freedom of speech in China.
Limited Freedom of Expression
Freedom of expression is the right to convey one’s opinions and thoughts without fear of being punished by the country's government. And although a lot of countries are exercising freedom of speech, some countries like China don't have this as one of their basic human rights.
As a sample, during the 2008 Summer Olympics, the Chinese government agreed to release permits allowing the people to protest in specific areas designed as protest parks in Beijing, but most of the applications sent to the government were either refused, banned or withheld and the police authorities even apprehended the people who applied for permits. If you are looking for essay examples, for example, a
freedom of speech persuasive essay
, it would impossible to find an essay that cites controversial issues. This is because access to web pages considered by the authorities of China as "threatening" or "risky" to the Communist Party are blocked on the internet.
On the brighter side, The Chinese government is spending huge amounts of money on catching and blocking not only web pages that advertise political change within the country, but also websites which may have violence and pornography. According to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, Chinese citizens can enjoy the freedom of the press and freedom of speech.
However, these kinds of freedom are not institutionally protected. Public speeches that consist of forbidden subjects that can have a huge impact on the people could result in a penalty by the government, and that can include criminal sentences.
As a country ruled by
communism
, it does not accept any disapproval or protest from its people, and other parties defying the government and criticizing them are at risk of persecution. As a Chinese citizen, you are not allowed to freely use social media and have access to western news since it is also controlled by the government.
Other Restrictions
Aside from the government's restriction on freedom of speech, there are other limitations and regulations as well, such as on the administration of publishing and radio and television administration. According to the constitution regarding the administration of publication, .
Virtual Civil Society But It Is Real.docDoan Trang
This paper provides an overview of the rise of civil society in Vietnam in the last five years from 2007 to 2012. It focuses on how civil society has been growing since 2011 with the crucial contribution of social media networks even though the political culture around it is communist. In addition to describing the growth of civil society, it seeks to outline the many measures that the ruling communist party has been taking to put blogosphere in Vietnam under tight control, and the ongoing online war between the party and democracy activists.
Despite the daunting control by the ruling communist party, civil society has been burgeoning and broadening its influence in Vietnam, with the Internet as its starting point.
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Explain how firms can benefit from forecastingexchange rates .docxhanneloremccaffery
Explain how firms can benefit from forecasting
exchange rates
Describe the common techniques used for
forecasting
Explain how forecasting performance can be
evaluated
explain how interval forecasts can be applied
APA format, minimum 3 sources
Paper will be a minimum of 650 and a maximum of 900 words.
(This includes title section, content, and references…in other
words the entire paper)
.
•POL201 •Discussions •Week 5 - DiscussionVoter and Voter Tu.docxhanneloremccaffery
• POL201 • Discussions • Week 5 - Discussion
Voter and Voter Turnout
Prepare: Prior to completing this discussion question, review Chapters 10, 11, and 12 in American Government and review Week Five Instructor Guidance. Also read the following articles: How Voter ID Laws Are Being Used to Disenfranchise Minorities and the Poor (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., Fraught with Fraud (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., and Proof at the Polls (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
Reflect: The U.S. has one of the lowest voter turnout rates among modern democratic political systems. One study ranks the U.S. 120th on a list of 169 nations compared on voter turnout (Pintor, Gratschew, & Sullivan, 2002). During the last decade, many initiatives have been undertaken to increase voter participation, yet concerns about the possibility of election fraud have also increased. Additionally, some political interests feel threatened by the increase in turnout among some traditionally low-turnout ethnic minorities. Several states have recently passed legislation imposing new registration and identification requirements. This has sparked debate about whether these are tactics intended to suppress turnout or to prevent fraud. Think about the media’s role in the election process and how both mass media and social media can impact the election process.
Write: In your initial post, summarize recent developments in several states enacting voter ID laws. Analyze and describe the pros and cons on both sides of the debate about these laws. Is voter fraud a major problem for our democracy or are some groups trying to make it harder for some segments of society to vote? What impact has the media (mass and social) had in influencing public opinion regarding voter ID laws? Draw your own conclusion about the debate over voter ID laws and justify your conclusions with facts and persuasive reasoning. Fully respond to all parts of the prompt and write your response in your own words. Your initial post must be at least 300 words. Support your position with at least two of the assigned resources required for this discussion, and/or peer reviewed scholarly sources obtained through the AU Library databases. Include APA in-text citations (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. in the body of your post and full citations on the references list (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. at the end. Support your position with APA citations from two or more of the assigned resources required for this discussion. Please be sure that you demonstrate understanding of these resources, integrate them into your argument, and cite them properly.
.
•No less than 4 pages causal argument researched essay •In.docxhanneloremccaffery
•
No less than 4 pages causal argument researched essay
•
Includes an interview with an expert from a university
•
Includes survey question with students concerning the topic
•
Includes arguments from official sources from the library
.
•Focus on two or three things in the Mesopotamian andor Ovids ac.docxhanneloremccaffery
•Focus on two or three things in the Mesopotamian and/or Ovid's account of creation that differ from Genesis. How do they differ? What is the significance of these differences?
•Focus on two or three things in the Mesopotamian and/or
Ovid's account of the flood that differ from Genesis. How do they differ? What is the significance of these differences
.
•Langbein, L. (2012). Public program evaluation A statistical guide.docxhanneloremccaffery
•Langbein, L. (2012). Public program evaluation: A statistical guide (2nd ed.). Armonk, NY: ME Sharpe. ◦Chapter 7, “Designing Useful Surveys for Evaluation” (pp. 209–238)
•McDavid, J. C., Huse, I., & Hawthorn, L. R. L. (2013). Program evaluation and performance measurement: An introduction to practice (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. ◦Chapter 4, “Measurement for Program Evaluation and Performance Monitoring” (pp. 145–185)
•Geddes, B. (1990). How the cases you choose affect the answers you get: Selection bias in comparative politics. Political Analysis, 2(1), 131–150. Retrieved from http://www.uky.edu/~clthyn2/PS671/Geddes_1990PA.pdf
•Levitt, S., & List, J. (2009). Was there really a Hawthorne effect at the Hawthorne plant? An analysis of the original illumination experiments. Retrieved from http://www.nber.org/papers/w15016.pdf
•Urban Institute. (2014). Outcome indicators project. Retrieved from http://www.urban.org/center/cnp/projects/outcomeindicators.cfm
•Bamberger, M. (2010). Reconstructuring baseline data for impact evaluation and results measurement. Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPOVERTY/Resources/335642-1276521901256/premnoteME4.pdf
•Parnaby, P. (2006). Evaluation through surveys [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://www.idea.org/blog/2006/04/01/evaluation-through-surveys/
•Rutgers, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. (2014). Developing a survey instrument. Retrieved from http://njaes.rutgers.edu/evaluation/resources/survey-instrument.asp
•MEASURE Evaluation. (n.d.). Secondary analysis of data. Retrieved February 24, 2015, from http://www.cpc.unc.edu/measure/our-work/secondary-analysis/secondary-analysis-of-data
•Zeitlin, A. (2014). Sampling and sample size [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from http://www.povertyactionlab.org/sites/default/files/2.%20Sampling%20and%20Sample%20Size_AFZ3.pdf
Now that you have thought through a logical model or framework for your Final Project, it is time to develop preliminary input, output, and outcome indicators. For this Assignment, use the guidelines from the Urban Institute resource and consult relevant Optional Resources from this week.
Submit a 2- to 3-page paper which describes your input, output, and outcome program indicators, including the following:
•Describe the variables and the data you will be using.
•Provide a realistic discussion of the availability of research data.
•Provide an analysis of intended data collection strategies.
◦If a sample or sample survey will be used, discuss the sampling frame or the sampling strategy you intend to use.
.
•Chapter 10 Do you think it is possible for an outsider to accura.docxhanneloremccaffery
•Chapter 10: Do you think it is possible for an outsider to accurately discern about the underlying cultural values of an organization by analyzing symbols, ceremonies, dress, or other observable aspects of culture in comparison to an insider with several years of work experience? Select a percentage (e.g., 10%, 70%, etc.) and explain your reasoning.
•Chapter 11: A noted organization theorist once said, "Pressure for change originates in the environment. Pressure for stability originates within the organization." Do you agree?
•Chapter 12: If managers frequently use experience and intuition to make complex, non-programmed decisions, how do they apply evidence-based management (which seems to suggest that managers should rely on facts and data)?
•Chapter 13: In a rapidly changing organization, are decisions more likely to be made using the rational or political model of organization?
•What biblical implications should be included/addressed?
•How can/should a biblical worldview be applied?
Group Discussion Board Forum Thread Grading Rubric
Criteria
Points Possible
Points Earned
Thread
0 to 30 points
All questions associated with Part 1 are provided in a thread.
At least 4 peer-reviewed references are included in the thread.
The thread is 1200 words.
The thread is posted by the stated deadline.
Spelling and grammar are correct.
Sentences are complete, clear, and concise.
Total
.
· Bakit Di gaanong kaganda ang pagturo sa UST sa panahon.docxhanneloremccaffery
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Bakit
Di gaanong kaganda ang pagturo sa UST sa panahon ni Jose Rizal
·
bakit
Merong diskriminasyon; minamaliit ang mga Pilipinosa panahon ni Jose Rizal
·
bakit
Galit sa kay Jose Rizal ang mga Dominikano dahil sa pagtatatag ng Companerismo (Fraternity)
·
bakit
Gustong gamutin ni Jose Rizal ang ina niya
.
·YOUR INDIVIDUAL PAPER IS ARGUMENTATIVE OR POSITIONAL(Heal.docxhanneloremccaffery
·
YOUR INDIVIDUAL PAPER IS ARGUMENTATIVE OR POSITIONAL
(Healthcare Information Technology)
THIS is NOT and information paper so please read this carefully
Individual Writing Assignment
This Individual Writing Assignment is worth 20 points, and it is due at the end of Week 5.
The purposes of this assignment are to a) help you effectively use research resources through library data bases and search engines to complete course requirements; b) improve your critical thinking skills, and c) develop your effectiveness in writing about topics relevant to course objectives and healthcare information systems. The paper explores, in greater detail than the required readings and class discussion, any healthcare information system topic identified in the course text or syllabus. Your job is to select a current issue in healthcare information systems, provide the necessary background and your position, along with a conclusion and future direction. I encourage you to select a subject in which you have interest and approach this assignment as a potential publishable work.
Position Paper
Your final paper is 15 pages double-spaced (excluding the executive summary, footnotes, and references) with a 10 or 12 point font. Tables, graphics, and diagrams must be placed in the paper as attachments. They do not count in the page length. This is a guide to help you organize your content and what is expected in each section. The page counts are suggested, however, where they have a limit, that must be adhered to.
·
Cover Page:
APA Style (1 Page, not included in page count)
·
Table of Contents:
(not included in page count)
·
Executive Summary:
Bottom line up front (1 page, no more)
·
Introduction
: (1/2 to 1 page)
·
Background
: Information on the topic that provides context so readers can understand the background leading into your statement and analysis of the issue (up to 2 pages, no more)
·
Analysis of the issue
: This is the problem you see with the current state of your topic supported by evidence and literature that brings validity to the issue or problem you are stating exists. Then describe the factors contributing to the issue /problem broken down by (2-3 pages)
People
Processes
Technology
·
Position
: Now that the reader understands the problem broken down by people, process, and technology, provide a clear statement of what your position is on the issue and why. (1/2 to 1 page)
·
Rationale
: Now that the reader clearly understands your position and why you will detail your position with supporting evidence and literature to persuade the reader your position is the most valid. You should address opposing views with counter arguments here also. Your position should have evidence directly addressing the issues you stated above broken down by the same (3-4 pages)
People
Process
Technology
·
Recommendation
: Now that you have convinced the reader on your position being the best way forward, you need to provide 3-5 discrete recommen.
·Write a 750- to 1,Write a 750- to 1,200-word paper that.docxhanneloremccaffery
·
Write
a 750- to 1,
Write
a 750- to 1,200-word paper that addresses the following:
Define religion.
Describe the theory of animism.
Explain the influence of religion on cultures.
Identify the seven major religions of the world.
Describe any four types of theism.
Format
your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
Include
a minimum of five references.
Limit
direct quotes to less than 10% of the total manuscript.
Criteria for grading
·
Introduction provides sufficient background on the topic and previews major points
·
Define religion
·
Describe the theory of animism
·
Explain the influence of religion on cultures (e.g., architecture, art, politics, social norms, etc.)
·
Identify the seven major religions of the world and provide one or two sentences about each
·
Describe any four types of theism (e.g., atheism, monotheism, ditheism, polytheism, pantheism, etc.) and provide an example of each
·
Conclusion
.
[Type here]Ok. This school makes me confused. The summary of t.docxhanneloremccaffery
[Type here]
Ok. This school makes me confused. The summary of this week they posted like this:
SUMMARY:
This week introduced you to grand theories and middle-range theories that serve to articulate the voice of nursing within healthcare.
Here are the key points covered:
Grand theories are comparatively more abstract than middle-range theories since they are at a higher level of abstraction. Compared to grand theories, middle-range theories are made up of limited number of concepts that lend themselves to empirical testing. All theories help to explain human health behavior.
· Sister Callista Royï's adaptive model theory is built on the conceptual foundation of adaptation. It identifies the positive role that nursing plays in the promotion and enhancement of client adaptation to environments that facilitate the healing process.
· Leiningerï's culture care theory is pertinent in the current multicultural healthcare environment where nurses are exposed to diverse cultures.
· Penderï's health promotion and disease prevention theory can be called as a "direction setting exercise" for nursing professionals. It believes in fostering the spirit of health promotion and disease and risk reduction.
From the chapter, Models and Theories Focused on Nursing Goals and Functions, read the following:The Health Promotion Model: Nola J. Pender
From the chapter, Models and Theories Focused on a Systems Approach, read the following:
The Roy Adaptation Model
From the chapter, Models and Theories Focused on Culture, read the following:
Leininger's Cultural Care Diversity and Universality Theory and Model
SO, THAT IS WHY I ASSUMED THAT HAS TO BE ONE OF THEM (Pender, Roy Adaptaion or Leininger)
ANYWAY, I AM PUTTING INFORMATION TOGETHER.
Week 4 Chapter 17
Models and Theories Focused on Nursing Goals and Functions
The Health Promotion Model: Nola J. Pender
Background
Nola J. Pender was born in 1941 in Lansing, Michigan. She graduated in 1962 with a diploma in nursing. In 1964, Pender completed a bachelor’s of science in nursing at Michigan State University. By 1969, she had completed a doctor of philosophy in psychology and education. During this time in her career, Pender began looking at health and nursing in a broad way, including defining the goal of nursing care as optimal health.
In 1975, Pender published a model for preventive health behavior; her health promotion model first appeared in the first edition of the text Health Promotion in Nursing Practice in 1982. Pender’s health promotion model has its foundation in Albert Bandura’s (1977) social learning theory (which postulates that cognitive processes affect behavior change) and is influenced by Fishbein’s (1967) theory of reasoned action (which asserts that personal attitudes and social norms affect behavior).
Pender’s Health Promotion Model
McCullagh (2009) labeled Pender’s health promotion model as a middle-range integrative theory, and rightly so. Fawcett (2005) decisively presented the differenc.
{
Discrimination
*
GENERAL DISCRIMINATION
+
RACIAL DISCRIMINATION
RELIGIOUS DISCRIMINATION
(on freedom of religion)
DISCRIMINATION ON SEXUAL ORIENTATION
(still weak protection)
GENDER DISCRIMINATION
(CEDAW)
TYPES OF DISCRIMINATION
NON-DISCRIMINATION in INT’L LAW
A. GENERAL DISCRIMINATION
Arts 1 & 2 Universal Declaration on Human Rights
Arts. 2 & 26 ICCPR
Art. 14 ECHR & Add. Protocol 12
B. RACIAL DISCRIMINATION
Int’l Convention against All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD)
Art . 2: (1). Each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes to respect and to ensure to all individuals within its territory and subject to its jurisdiction the rights recognized in the present Covenant, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.
(2). States to take the necessary steps to adopt laws and measures to give effect to art. 2;
(3). States to ensure effective remedy, determined by competent judicial, administrative or legislative authorities, or by any other competent authority and enforce such remedies.
Art. 26: non-discrimination before the law and equal protection by the law
ICCPR
*
Justification for differential treatment
General Comment 18 HRC
Not every differentiation of treatment will constitute discrimination:
if the criteria are reasonable and objective
and the aim is to achieve the purpose which is legitimate
ICCPR cont.
*
“Racial discrimination" shall mean any distinction, exclusion, restriction or preference based on race, colour, descent, or national or ethnic origin which has the purpose or effect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal footing, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural or any other field of public life (art. 1)
States Parties particularly condemn racial segregation and apartheid and undertake to prevent, prohibit and eradicate all practices of this nature in territories under their jurisdiction (art. 3)
RACIAL DISCRIMINATION-
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
Direct discrimination: Indirect discrimination
Formal equality: Substantive equality
Discrimination in law: Discrimination in practice
Non-discrimination: negative protection
Equality: positive obligations -> special measures
Is there a hierarchy in the protection of discrimination?
Racial Discrimination (prohibition Jus Cogens);
gender based discrimination?
Religious-based discrimination??
Discrimination based on sexual orientation???
Discrimination (forms & grounds)
= Affirmative action/ positive action
Article 1.4 of ICERD:
Special measures taken for the sole purpose of securing adequate advancement of certain racial or ethnic groups or individuals requiring such protection as may be necessary in order to ensure such groups or in.
`HISTORY 252AEarly Modern Europe from 1500 to 1815Dr. Burton .docxhanneloremccaffery
`HISTORY 252A
Early Modern Europe from 1500 to 1815
Dr. Burton Van Name Edwards (Van)
Tuesday – Thursday 3:30-4:45
Unistructure 247
Third Paper Assignment
Due Tuesday, December 13th
The third paper will be based on a book in the list at the end of the syllabus. These works are generally works of literature, with some concerned with philosophy or politics. The student’s task will be to show how the chosen work reflects or shows the influence of conditions and events in Europe that were operating at the time of the writing of the work. This is not a book report. I am not interested in plots or descriptions of the general argument of a given work. Instead, I am looking for an analysis of specific sections of the chosen work that may illuminate social and economic attitudes or contemporaneous conditions.
The paper should be 7-8 pages long.
You will be expected to give a 5-10 minute oral report based on your finding in the third paper. This oral report will be a significant part of your class participation grade.
.
^ Acadumy of Management Journal2001. Vol. 44. No. 2. 219-237.docxhanneloremccaffery
^ Acadumy of Management Journal
2001. Vol. 44. No. 2. 219-237.
A SOCIAL CAPITAL THEORY OF CAREER SUCCESS
SCOTT E. SEIBERT
MARIA L. KRAIMER
•̂ ' ' ' Cleveland State University
ROBERT C. LIDEN
University of Illinois at Chicago
A model integrating competing theories of social capital with research on career
success was developed and tested in a sample of 448 employees with various occupa-
tions and organizations. Social capital was conceptualized in terms of network struc-
ture and social resources. Results of structural equation modeling showed that net-
work structure was related to social resources and that the effects of social resources
on career success were hilly mediated by three network benelits: access to information,
access to resources, and career sponsorship.
Organizational researchers have begun to de-
velop increasingly comprehensive models of career
success using demographic, human capital, work-
family, motivational, organizational, and industry
variables (e.g., Dreher & Ash, 1990; Judge & Bretz,
1994: Judge, Cable. Boudreau, & Bretz. 1995; Kirch-
meyer, 1998). Although this work has provided
considerable evidence regarding the determinants
of career outcomes, the roles of informal interper-
sonal behaviors have not been fully explored (Judge
& Bretz, 1994; Pfeffer, 1989). Popular advice for
getting ahead in one's career rarely fails to mention
the importance of networking for the achievement
of career goals (e.g., Bolles, 1992; Kanter, 1977).
Indeed, Luthans, Hodgetts, and Rosenkrantz (1988)
found that the most successful managers in their
study spent 70 percent more time engaged in net-
working activities and 10 percent more time en-
gaged in routine communication activities than
their less successful counterparts. Recent advances
in social capital theory (Coleman, 1990) have begun
to provide a finer-grained analysis of the ways in-
dividuals' social networks affect their careers in
organizations (Burt, 1992, 1997; Ibarra, 1995;
Podolny & Baron, 1997; Sparrowe & Popielarz,
1995). This theoretical perspective has the poten-
Data were collected and the manuscript was submitted
and processed while Scott E. Seibert was in the Manage-
ment Department at the University of Notre Dame and
Maria L. Kraimer was a graduate student at the Univer-
sity of Illinois at Chicago. Support for this project was
provided by the Management Department at the Univer-
sity of Notre Dame and the Alumni Office of the Univer-
sity of Notre Dame. The current investigation is part of a
larger study of career success.
tial to considerably enhance scholars' knowledge of
the role of social processes in career success.
The first purpose of the current study was to
integrate the current conceptualizations of social
capital as they pertain to career success. Tbree dif-
ferent theoretical approaches—weak tie theory
(Granovetter, 1973), structural hole theory (Burt,
1992), and social resource theory (Lin, 1990)—
focus on different network properties as r.
`
Inclusiveness. The main difference that can distinguish a happy employee from disgruntled employee. As with all decisions that are made, there is always an audience that the decision will affect. When employees are privy and organizational decisions are inclusive to employees this can greatly increase their level of fulfillment. Whether or not the end user of the decision will be content with the outcome or not, there will always be critics. Which leads us to discuss key characteristics and the importance of involving employees in relative organizational decision making.
It is not uncommon to find that during strategic organizational planning that top-level management will include their employees to engage and provide their input on complex processes. Human capital, whether the organization is large or small, corporate ran or small business managed is key to an organization’s success. Employee satisfaction level drives productivity and is what increases revenue for the company. Happy employees equal happy customers.
What does it take to keep employees motivated? A critical and important element for employers to keep their employees happy and content is clear communication. It is critical that an organization’s objective and vision for future growth is communicated clearly throughout all levels. Top-level management must be skilled at delivering the company’s mission and values to every tier within their organization. Each tier within the organization with healthy communication should be able to open-mindedly accept the message and freely provide any feedback positive or negative without fear of repercussion. Keeping an open line of communication within an organization is key to building the foundation for success.
As we move away from the golden days of traditional office operations consisting of fax machines, telephones, paper, pencils, etc. and move towards a more technologically repertoire, we lose the personable face to face interaction with one another. We spend most of the day behind our computer screen at our desk. The need to sustain job satisfaction amongst employees could not be ever more present than now. To maintain the morale amongst employees, organizations should be able to keep them challenged and motivated. Take technology for example. If the increase of new technology isn’t daunting enough, consider the challenge to remain current with technology all the while maintaining a competitive advantage in the industry? Reach internally to our internal resource, human capital. Employees must be given the opportunity to share their knowledge, skills, and abilities. When empowered to provide input concerning highly visible organizational decisions, employee morale is boosted. Not only is this beneficial for employees but also the employer as they receive ideas and input that could possibly lead to the solution. Employee engagement boosts the overall welfare of the organization.
According to.
__MACOSX/Sujan Poster/._CNA320 Poster Presentation rubric.pdf
__MACOSX/Sujan Poster/._CNA320+Poster+Template (1).ppt
__MACOSX/Sujan Poster/._Helpful Hints for the Poster Presentation.docx
Sujan Poster/Poster Abstract - Aspiration pneumonia (1).docx
Title: Aspiration pneumonia: Best practice to avoid complications
Background
Aspiration pneumonia is a lung infection due to inhaled contents; this is a relevant topic because aspiration pneumonia is prevalent and accounts for up to 15% of all pneumonia cases and is particularly common in older people, and thus it is important for nurses to be aware of how to manage the condition particularly as the population is ageing so this will be of more concern (Kwong, Howden & Charles 2011).
Target Audience
The target audience for this presentation is experienced Registered Nurses and thus the presentation has been designed for this group.
Main Findings
Aspiration pneumonia is an infection within the lungs that occurs after a person aspirates either liquid, vomit or food into the larynx and lower respiratory tract; this can occur when an individual inhales their gastric or oral contents. Patients at risk include individuals who are elderly or those who have a marked disturbance of consciousness such as that resulting from a drug overdose, seizures, a massive cerebrospinal accident, dysphagia or dysphasia (Kwong, Howden & Charles 2011). Aspiration pneumonia can quickly develop into respiratory failure, abscess and empyema and this requires supportive care, which is the main form of therapy, however prophylactic antimicrobial therapy is also often prescribed (Joundi, Wong & Leis 2015). Best practice suggests suctioning, supplemental oxygen to keep O2 above 90%, septic shock therapy, management of hypotension and antibiotic therapy for 7-10 days. Sputum cultures should be taken so that antibiotics can be tailored appropriately (McAdams-Jones & Sundar 2012).
Implications for Practice
These findings are important for registered nurses to be aware of so that aspiration pneumonia can be managed appropriately and complications can be avoided, which could cause increased hospital stay and costs. Nurses need to be aware of the best practice recommendations such as oxygen supplementation, sit up while eating, provide thickened foods and drinks, dental care and about taking sputum cultures when managing aspiration pneumonia so that treatment can be tailored appropriately and recovery can occur quickly.
Feedback from marker (Teacher)
Thank you for your abstract.
You have just managed a pass grade, your work is very basic and you will need to engage with the basic practice literature to ensure you have a comprehensive understanding of this topic in your poster.
I am also unclear on your focus, is this about prevention of aspiration or management once it has occurred or both?
Kind regards Andrea
Sources of Evidence
Joundi, R, Wong, B & Leis, J 2015, "Antibiotics “Just-In-Ca.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Freedom of Expression in RussiaAs much as the fre.docx
1. Freedom of Expression in Russia
As much as the freedom of expression is a right in most if
not all countries, the enjoyment of this right has been very
limited in Russia especially for the critics of the government.
Freedom of information in Russia has been of concern to many
human rights activists. Russia violates people’s human right to
freedom of information and expression by controlling the
media, by jailing dissenters, and by killing journalists who
write or report anything that is against the government or Putin.
Russia controls the media by controlling the internet, television
and the newspapers. There is widespread self-censorship in the
media. Those who give views that are unwelcome but the
officials and authorities in the government quickly get
pressured by the state or private individuals that have links to
the government. Satellite and cable channels are trying to avoid
this pressure and most of them are remaining apolitical and are
choosing to focus more on entertainment. The National TV and
various other mainstream media are under the control of the
Russian government and are used to speak ill of opposition
political leaders.
New legislation was passed in Russia that stifles freedom of
expression by controlling the media.
Print and broadcast media are increasingly closed if they allow
views that are critical of the government or Putin.
Most people turn to the internet to express their views or get
information. However, even this platform came under the
control of the government. According to Amnesty International
various laws were passed in the country that gave power to the
2. government to restrict the information that was being posted on
the internet and how activities were being organized on the
Internet (Amnesty International, 2014). So Russia violates its
people’s human right to express themselves and know what is
going on in the world around them.
Another way that Russia violates people’s freedom of
expression and information is by jailing and even killing
opposition leaders and dissenters. Since Putin took office, the
opposition has been under the government’s attack. People who
think to oppose Putin is either sentenced to a long jail term or
assassinated. Some opposition leaders have been killed. Among
them is Alexander Litvinenko who was a former officer of the
Russian secret police, and he had been poisoned with a
radioactive substance in 2006. Natalia Estemirova was one of
the leading human rights defenders in Russia. She investigated
cases of grave human rights violations in Chechnya. In 2009,
she was murdered.
(Sky News, 2015). Many of the people in opposition have
chosen not to protest but rather to leave Russia or just ignore
what is happening and move on with their lives.
Not only does Russian violate people’s human right to
expression by killing dissidents but Russia also controls the
freedom of expression in the country by assassinating
journalists who write or report anything that is against the
government and the presidency of Putin. Most of the journalist
who is known to air the views that are against the government
are harassed, assaulted and even assassinated. A good example
is that of Ann Politkovskaya who had written articles highly
critical of Putin was killed in 2006 near her apartment (Amnesty
International, 2014). Data collected has indicated that about 25
journalists in Russia have been assassinated since Putin took
over the office in 2000. This has made the journalists to avoid
saying anything that will be considered to be against the
government and Putin as president.
3. References
Amnesty International (2014). Violation of The Right To
Freedom of Expression, Association And Assembly In Russia.
Retrieved from
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=w
eb&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwibhL_L-
PDPAhVIfRoKHfbDCZsQFggdMAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fam
nesty.org.pl%2Fwp-
content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F01%2FRosja-Naruszenie-
prawa-do-wolnosci-
wypowiedzi.pdf&usg=AFQjCNEEM_bVzIlRDunCCOjnZRWf3i
d_lA&sig2=0F1MK6xqA8NHAThHDaTvnA on October 23,
2016
Sky News (2015). The Putin Critics Who Have Been
Assassinated. Retrieved from
http://news.sky.com/story/the-putin-critics-who-have-been-
assassinated-10369350 on October 23, 2016
4. Freedom of Expression in Russia
As much as the freedom of expression is a right in most if
not all countries, the enjoyment of this right has been very
limited in Russia especially for the critics of the government.
Freedom of information in Russia has been of concern to many
human rights activists. Russia violates people’s human right to
freedom of information and expression by controlling the
media, by jailing dissenters, and by killing journalists who
write or report anything that is against the government or Putin.
Russia controls the media by controlling the internet, television
and the newspapers. There is widespread self-censorship in the
media. Those who give views that are unwelcome but the
officials and authorities in the government quickly get
pressured by the state or private individuals that have links to
the government. Satellite and cable channels are trying to avoid
this pressure and most of them are remaining apolitical and are
choosing to focus more on entertainment. The National TV and
various other mainstream media are under the control of the
Russian government and are used to speak ill of opposition
political leaders.
New legislation was passed in Russia that stifles freedom of
expression by controlling the media.
Print and broadcast media are increasingly closed if they allow
views that are critical of the government or Putin.
Most people turn to the internet to express their views or get
information. However, even this platform came under the
control of the government. According to Amnesty International
various laws were passed in the country that gave power to the
government to restrict the information that was being posted on
the internet and how activities were being organized on the
Internet (Amnesty International, 2014). So Russia violates its
people’s human right to express themselves and know what is
5. going on in the world around them.
Another way that Russia violates people’s freedom of
expression and information is by jailing and even killing
opposition leaders and dissenters. Since Putin took office, the
opposition has been under the government’s attack. People who
think to oppose Putin is either sentenced to a long jail term or
assassinated. Some opposition leaders have been killed. Among
them is Alexander Litvinenko who was a former officer of the
Russian secret police, and he had been poisoned with a
radioactive substance in 2006. Natalia Estemirova was one of
the leading human rights defenders in Russia. She investigated
cases of grave human rights violations in Chechnya. In 2009,
she was murdered.
(Sky News, 2015). Many of the people in opposition have
chosen not to protest but rather to leave Russia or just ignore
what is happening and move on with their lives.
Not only does Russian violate people’s human right to
expression by killing dissidents but Russia also controls the
freedom of expression in the country by assassinating
journalists who write or report anything that is against the
government and the presidency of Putin. Most of the journalist
who is known to air the views that are against the government
are harassed, assaulted and even assassinated. A good example
is that of Ann Politkovskaya who had written articles highly
critical of Putin was killed in 2006 near her apartment (Amnesty
International, 2014). Data collected has indicated that about 25
journalists in Russia have been assassinated since Putin took
over the office in 2000. This has made the journalists to avoid
saying anything that will be considered to be against the
government and Putin as president.
6. References
Amnesty International (2014). Violation of The Right To
Freedom of Expression, Association And Assembly In Russia.
Retrieved from
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=w
eb&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwibhL_L-
PDPAhVIfRoKHfbDCZsQFggdMAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fam
nesty.org.pl%2Fwp-
content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F01%2FRosja-Naruszenie-
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wypowiedzi.pdf&usg=AFQjCNEEM_bVzIlRDunCCOjnZRWf3i
d_lA&sig2=0F1MK6xqA8NHAThHDaTvnA on October 23,
2016
Sky News (2015). The Putin Critics Who Have Been
Assassinated. Retrieved from
http://news.sky.com/story/the-putin-critics-who-have-been-
assassinated-10369350 on October 23, 2016