Four theory of the press or Normative theory of the press
1.
2. ☆ Vladimir Lenin was a Russian
revolutionary and politician who led
the Bolsheviks to power in the
October Revolution of 1917. ☆ He
was the first head of the Soviet
Union from its establishment in
1922 until his death in 1924.
3. ☆ Karl Marx was a German
philosopher and economist who
developed the theory of communism.
☆ He is best known for his book "The
Communist Manifesto" and his work
"Das Kapital."
☆ Marx's ideas about class struggle
and the exploitation of the working
class have had a profound impact on
political and social thought.
4. ☆ Friedrich Engels was a German
philosopher, social scientist, and
political theorist who collaborated
with Marx on several works,
including "The Communist
Manifesto" and "Das Kapital.“
☆ Engels was a key figure in the
development of Marxist theory and
helped to popularize Marxist ideas
throughout Europe.
5. ☆ The Soviet communist theory was based on the
works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.
☆ It emphasized the need for a classless society, where
the means of production would be owned and
controlled by the workers.
☆ The Soviet Union was the first state to implement
this theory, and it led to the formation of a one-party
state and a planned economy.
☆ However, the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, and
many former communist countries have since adopted
market-based systems.
6. ☆ The Soviet communist theory was first introduced by
Vladimir Lenin, who led the Bolsheviks to victory in the
Russian Revolution of 1917.
☆ Lenin’s interpretation of Marxism emphasized the need for
a vanguard party to lead the working class in the revolution.
☆ After Lenin's death, Joseph Stalin became the leader of the
Soviet Union and implemented policies that led to the death
of millions of people.
☆ The Soviet communist theory was also spread to other
countries through the Comintern, an organization established
to promote international revolution.
7. ☆ The main features of the Soviet communist theory
include the abolition of private property.
☆ The establishment of a planned economy.
☆ The creation of a classless society,
and the implementation of a one-party state.
☆ The theory also emphasized the need for
international revolution and the eventual withering
away of the state.
8. ☆ The Soviet communist theory has been criticized for its
lack of political freedom, human rights abuses, and
economic inefficiencies.
☆ Critics argue that the planned economy was inefficient
and led to shortages of goods, while the one-party state
suppressed dissent and opposition.
☆ Additionally, the Soviet Union was accused of human
rights abuses and political repression, including the use of
forced labor camps and political purges.
9. ☆ The Soviet communist theory concluded that the working class
should lead the revolution to overthrow the capitalist class and
establish a socialist society.
☆ The ultimate goal was to create a classless society where everyone
had equal access to resources and the means of production.
☆ The Soviet Union believed that this could be achieved through the
establishment of a planned economy, the elimination of private
property, and the centralization of power in the hands of the state.
☆ However, the Soviet Union's implementation of communist theory
faced many challenges, including economic inefficiencies and political
repression.
