Le 20 mars dernier, la Chaire REALISME organisait à l'IRSPUM une formation donnée par Pierre Lefèvre, sociologue du Département de Santé Publique de l'Institut de Médecine Tropicale d'Annvers, pour les étudiants sur l'utilisation du logiciel d'analyse de données qualitatives NVivo.

1. Formation à NVivo 11
IRSPUM
20 Mars 2017
Pierre Lefèvre
plefevre@itg.be
Département de Santé Publique
Institut de Médecine Tropicale, Annvers, Belgique

2. Objectifs de la formation
 Be able to handle the software
 Use the program to fit your specific
research needs and disciplinary
backgrounds
 Tips and tricks on data analysis

3. NVivo 11
 Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software
(CAQDAS)
 QSR Melbourne, Australia (www.qsrinternational.com)
 User friendly
 « Integrated » to the Windows/Mac environments
 Multipurpose software, tailorable to different needs
 Toolbox
 One of the more advanced software on the market

4. Données Qualitatives
 Traditionally
 Transcripts (interviews, focus group discussions)
 Observation reports
 0pen-ended questions (surveys)
 But increasingly
 Videos, pictures, audio files
 Pdf documents
 Internet sites

5. Teaching method
A “learning by doing” approach
Step by step:
 Each feature of the software is first introduced,
explained and demonstrated
 Small exercises
 Demos (advanced features)
 Complementary information (technical aspects)
 Utility for analysis

6. Program
 Overview of the NVivo11 software
 An NVivo11 “project”
 Navigating the software, views
 Importing qualitative data (transcripts, video
files, pictures, etc.)
 Memos and annotations
 Basic coding

7. Program
 Sources
 Codification
 Data management/source classifications
 Node classifications
 Queries
 Advanced features (demos)

8. NVivo 11 - The process of
analysis
 Import sources
 Classify sources (optional)
 Elaborate a node system
 Classify nodes (optional)
 Code sources
 Analysis (queries, modelling, charts, exploring)
 Reporting
IN PRACTICE: MUCH MORE
ITERATIVE PROCESS

9. NVivo 11: An overview
 Navigation panel
 List view
 Detailed view
 Toolbars
 Contextual menus (right click)
 Customisable

10. An NVivo 11 project
 Sources (documents, memos, videos, notes, pdfs, biblio…)
 Nodes (tree, relationships, matrices)
 Queries (text search, coding queries, compound queries,
matrices...)
 Classifications
 Sets
 Reports
 Maps
 See Navigation panel for access to these elements

11. Types of sources
 Internal sources (imported in your project):
• transcripts (interviews, FGDs, observation reports)
• research notes, protocols
• audio and/or video files
• pdfs
• pictures
 External sources (not imported):
• books, reports, literature, web pages, PowerPoint, etc.
 Memos
• contexts, your ideas, insights, etc.

12. An NVivo 11 project
 When you close a project you are
prompted to save any changes
 You can make copies of your project
(Menu/Files/Copy)
 You can protect your project with
passwords (read/write or read only):
Menu/Files/Project properties

13. An NVivo 11 project
 Project is saved every 15 minutes by
default (you can change this in Options)
but you can save at anytime
 If working in teams, NVivo can request
users to identify themselves (see Slides
Working in teams)

14. An NVivo 11 project
 You can activate a log for your project:
Menu/Files/Project properties
 By default a project is stored in “My
documents” folder
 File extension: *.nvp; (*.nvpx for Mac)

15. Transcribe in NVivo (Demo)
 How to:
• Open source
• Select play mode/transcribe (Media menu or toolbar)
• Select play speed
• Click the Play button. A transcript entry is added with
the starting time in the Timespan field
• Transcribe (pause and rewind if needed)
• Use the Stop button when you have completed the
entry. The end time is added to the Timespan field

16. Complements on sources:
Files supported
 Pictures: .bmp, .gif, .jpg, .jpeg, .tif, .tiff
 Video: mpg, mpeg, mpe, wmv, avi, mov, qt,
mp4
 Audio: mp3, wma, wav

17. Complements on sources: PDF
documents
 Text-based PDF: imported but changes on
layout. Can be coded and annotated
 Image-only PDF: Imported but treated as a
picture

18. Externals/Alias
 External sources (not imported):
• books, reports, literature, web pages,
powerpoint, etc.

19. NVivo 11 – Nodes & coding
 Nodes: Containers for your data
 Coding: Process by which a portion of a source
is related to a node

20. How to create a node
 Manually
 From text (NVivo button)
 (Through queries)

21. Exercise: Create a node using
the NVivo button
 How to:
Select word or expression
Click the NVivo button
 What to pay attention to:
Not a text search i.e. all occurrences are not
automatically coded
Node name can be changed afterwards

22. Exercise: create a small tree
node
 What to pay attention to:
You can create and organise nodes (cut & paste) as you
wish
 Tips and tricks
Creating a tree (parents, children, siblings, etc.)
Associate memos to nodes (memo link)

23. Managing nodes
 You can create and organise nodes (cut &
paste) as you wish
 A same node in a different position in a
tree is not similar for the NVivo software

24. NVivo 11 - Coding
 Code entire sources if needed
 Code quickly with text search (also a
query)

25. Code a transcript
 Work with detail view on the right
 To code quickly, work by batches
 You can view coding progress with coding strips
 Uncoding (an easy way is to use coding strips)

26. What to code
 Transcripts
 Photos
 Videos
 PDFs
 Memos
 Externals

27. Code a video (demo)
 How to:
• Use the play controls on the Media toolbar to
locate the portion of the audio or video you want
to code. You can also drag the media playhead
to the required position on the timeline
• Click and drag the timeline to select the required
timespan
• Code the timespan i.e. from 00:55.0 to 01:37.0.
• On the Code menu, click Code Selection
• Choose whether you want to code at new or
existing nodes

28. Code a picture
 How to:
• Click and drag on the picture to select the required region
• On the Code menu, click Code Selection
• Choose whether you want to code at new or existing nodes
 Tips and tricks:
• You can code a PDF (optical) in a similar way
• If you view coding highlight (by clicking the Highlight option
on the View menu) you can see the coded area of the
picture

29. Coding strategies
 Code homogeneously
 Avoid viral coding
 Usually better to multicodify one paragraph than a tiny bit
 For FGDs code the intervention of one participant as a whole..
 Coding can become a boring process. Alternate activities !

30. Source classification
 How to:
• Select a source type or create new one
• Decide on & create attributes
• Define the values of the attributes
• Assign the values of attributes to the sources
Can be done also using the source classification sheet

31. Node classification
 Case
• An entity involved in your research. i.e. a participant, site or
institution, a gender, an age group
• Usually linked to project design
 How to:
• Decide on the case (new node classification)
• Decide on & create attributes
• Define the values of the attributes
• Assign the values of attributes to the nodes
Can be done also using the node classification sheet

32. Queries
 Queries are at the core of the analysis. Running
queries is asking questions to your data
 Queries should originate from your research
questions (or others that emerged during the
analysis).
 Queries can be saved and rerun at later stages
(check the “Add to project” box). They are stored in
the “Queries folder”
 Results of queries are nodes stored by default in the
results folder (you can move them to your tree !)

33. Queries
Types of queries:
1. Text search
2. Coding queries
3. Compound queries (combines 1 & 2)
4. Word Frequency
5. Matrix Coding
6. Coding comparison
7. Group

34. Queries
General process:
For all queries, you can
 Provide names and descriptions
 Save the query (to rerun later)
 Specify search criteria
 Specify storage of results (preview, preview & save,
save options).

35. Queries
Text search queries: To search for words or
expressions in all or part of the sources.
Remarks:
- You can use stemmed research and special
characters

36. Queries
Coding queries: To question your coding using
Boolean like operators (AND, OR, NOT,
NEAR, etc.)

37. Queries
Matrix queries: a set of nodes presented in
table format (cf. Cross tabulations)
- A matrix can be exported
- Use the grid toolbar for editing matrix and
selecting cell content
- need to define the rows and columns of the
matrix

38. Queries
Compound queries: Combines text and coding
queries
Process: See above slides

39. Text search
 What to pay attention to:
 Text search is not case sensitive
 You can use stemmed research and special characters
 Tips and tricks:
 Queries can be saved and rerun at later stages (check the “Add to
project” box). They are stored in the “Queries folder”
 Results of queries are nodes stored by default in the result folder

40. Matrix query
 Tips and tricks:
 A matrix can be exported
 Use the grid toolbar for editing matrix and selecting cell content
 Need to define the rows and columns of the matrix
 Queries can be saved and rerun at later stages (check the “Add to
project” box). They are stored in the “Queries folder”
 Results of queries are nodes stored by default in the result folder

41. Relationships
 Relationships are nodes relating parts of your project
Process:
 Create relationship type in classifications
 Create relationships in Nodes view