Uploaded byAlok Yadav
FORGERY (QUESTIONED DOCUMENT) WITH CASE STUDY
The document discusses forgery, defined as the act of making or altering items with the intent to deceive. It covers elements of forgery, types including signature and prescription forgery, and the process of filing an affidavit of forgery. It also outlines common punishments based on various factors and includes a case study of the forger David Stein, who was imprisoned for his fraudulent artworks.
FORGERY (QUESTIONED DOCUMENT) WITH CASE STUDY
- 1. TOPIC FORGERY SUBMITTED BY:- ALOKYADAV (M.Sc FORENSIC SCIENCE) 20SBAS2010002 SUBMITTED TO:- Dr. SUNEET KUMAR SCHOOL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCE Course Code:MBS27T1108 Course Name: QUESTIONED DOCUMENTES
- 2. Index Definition Element of Forgery Typesof Forgery Affidavit of Forgery Common Forgery Punishment Examples
- 3. Definition • Forgery isthe process of making, adapting, or imitating objects, statistics, or documents with the intent to deceive for the sake of altering the public perception, or to earn profit by selling the forged item. Copies, studio replicas, and reproductions are not considered forgeries, though they may later become forgeries through knowing and willful misrepresentations.Forging money or currency is more often called counterfeiting.
- 4. Element of forgery Making,Altering, using or Possessing a Forged item • In forgery case, the individual must have made, altered, used or possessed a false writing at some point in time. Legal Efficacy • This Includes ‘Government Issued Identification, Deeds, Conveyances, Check, Stock certificate, Patents, Wills, Prescriptions, Other medical documents’. Material Alternation • In order for writing to fall under the definition of false, the material include must have been fabricated or altered significantly in order to represent somethings it is actually not.
- 5. Types of Forgery •There is a wide range of documents can be forged, but some are more common than others. Some of the most types of forgery involve signature and prescriptions. • Signature Forgery • Prescription Forgery • Art Forgery • Federal Forgery
- 6. Affidavit of Forgery •An affidavit of forgery is a legal document completed by a victim of fraud. Financial institutions and police departments often have the victims fill out the form and have it notarized. The affidavit of forgery is also used to help victims recover losses that occurred as a result of the forgery crime.
- 7. Common Forgery Punishment •The judicial system often considers certain things during the sentencing portion of a criminal trial including:- Defendant’s criminal history. The type of document. What the defendant gained or attempted to gain with the forgery. Whether the defendant has attempted to right his wrong.
- 8. Examples (CASE STUDY) •The David Stein Forgeries In the 1960s, David Stein made a living traveling from city to city, selling paintings that he claimed were done by European masters. Since the artists’ signatures were in place, many people fell for the scam. In 1967, one of these artists, Marc Chagall, saw three paintings in a New York City gallery containing his name. He knew these were not his works and he contacted the police. Stein was arrested and spend 22 years in jail.
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