This document summarizes forest fire monitoring in Angolan national parks from 2008-2017. It finds that Cameia, Luengue-Luiana, and Mavinga national parks had the highest number of forest fire occurrences, while Iona, Cangandala, Quiçama, and Mupa national parks had lower numbers. On average, there were 21347 forest fires over the period, with most (97%) occurring during the daytime rather than at night (3%). The national parks cover 70,340 square kilometers and are home to many plant and animal species, so effective fire prevention and monitoring is important for conservation efforts.

1. FOREST FIRE MONITORING IN ANGOLAN NATIONAL
PARKS IN THE PERIOD 2008-2017
Isaú Alfredo B. Quissindo
UNIVERSITY JOSÉ EDUARDO DOS SANTOS
FACULTY OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE
Wageningen (Netherlands), 10th September 2018

2.  Area: 1 247 000 km²
 Forest area: over 600 000
hectares (55.6%)
 60 % of the population
depends on forest
resources to survive

4. 1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Results and
Discussions
4. Final
considerations
10th September
2018, Wageningen
Boubeta et al. (2015); Semeraro et al. (2016); Luppi et al. (2015)
INTRODUCTION
Forest fires
 Major cause of damage to terrestrial ecosystems
 Despite the efforts invested in fire prevention and
suppression, the number of forest fires has increased
considerably
Monitoring of areas
 Fire detection towers has limitations in spatial
distribution and difficult to cover a 100% area
 The use of GIS and RS techniques for the detection of
hotspots or forest fires ensures greater accuracy
 Aiding decision making by the observation team

5. 1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Results and
Discussions
4. Final
considerations
10th September
2018, Wageningen
Boubeta et al. (2015); Semeraro et al. (2016); Luppi et al. (2015)
INTRODUCTION
Monitoring of areas
 Thus, the limitations of fire detection tower installations
in these areas and others can be met by using
techniques and data from GIS and remote sensing, in
order to know the recording of hotspots or forest fires in
the Angolan NP.
Objectives
 Monitor the occurrence of forest fires in Angolan
NP in the decade 2008-2017 using data from
hotspots or heat sources of NASA MODIS
Collection 6.

6. 1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Results and
Discussions
4. Final
considerations
10th September
2018, Wageningen
METHODOLOGY
Study area (70.340 km²)

7. 1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Results and
Discussions
4. Final
considerations
10th September
2018, Wageningen
METHODOLOGY
Study area (70.340 km²)
Luengue-Luiana NP
Iona NP Cameia NP
Quiçama

8. 1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Results and
Discussions
4. Final
considerations
10th September
2018, Wageningen
METHODOLOGY
Study area (70.340 km²)
Mupa NP
Cangandala NP Mavinga NP
Bicuar NP

9. 1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Results and
Discussions
4. Final
considerations
10th September
2018, Wageningen
METHODOLOGY
Methodological steps for the mapping and
monitoring of hotspots in Angolan NP
 World Database on Protected Areas
 Nasa Firms Modis
 Software ArcGis version 10.1, Quantum Gis version
2.18 and Google Earth Pro

10. 1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Results and
Discussions
4. Final
considerations
10th September
2018, Wageningen
METHODOLOGY
Methodological steps

11. 1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Results and
Discussions
4. Final
considerations
10th September
2018, Wageningen
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Characterization of Angolan NP
Name
Land
area
(km²)
Location
(province)
Geographic
bounding box
Many animal
species
Date of
establishment
as NP
Prevailing ecosystem
Bicuar NP 7.900 Huila14.2214,
15.3031
Loxodonta sp., E.
quagga burchellii, etc. 1930
Miombo woodland and
dominated mainly by the genera
Acacia, Sterculia
and Commiphora.
Cameia NP 14.450 Moxico20.7995,
22.5475
C. crocuta, P. pardus,
A. jubatus and H.
amphibius
1938
Miombo woodland, with an
ecosystem of flooded pastures,
meadow and the
Loudetia sandy plateau.
Cangandala NP 630 Malanje16.5606,
16.8313
H. niger variani, C.
moschata and Ungulata
mammals
1970
Open Miombo woodland
dominated by B. boehmii,
U. benguelensis, E. abyssinica,
Dyospiros sp.
Iona NP 15.150 Namibe
11.7324,
13.3443
A. marsupiales, O.
gazella, N. meleagris,
etc.
1964
Diversified flora, including
Welwitschia mirabilis, an
endemic plant in the Angolan
Namibe Desert.
Luengue- Luiana
NP
22.610Kuando
Kubango
21.9536,
23.4263
O. afer, S. caffer, C.
civetta, L. africana, etc. 1966
Open woodland, Dense
woodland, Aquatic vegetation
and Open
grassland.
Mavinga NP 46.072Kuando
Kubango
20.2936,
21.5726
L. pictus, P. pardus,
D. bicornis, E. quagga,
H. equinus, etc.
1966
Mosaic of grassy savannah with
shrub and patchwork of
Miombo woodland; and even
savannah mosaic with and
without trees and
shrubs.
Mupa NP 6.600 Cunene15.2104,
15.9740
G. camelopardalis
angolensis, P. leo,
Hyaenidae family, etc.
1964
Forest-savannah mosaic,
Miomo woodland and dry
savannah with shrubs.
Quiçama NP 9.600 Bengo
13.1523,
14.0839
Loxodonta sp., S. caffer,
Cheloniidae family, etc. 1957
Zambezi phytogeographic
region.

12. 1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Results and
Discussions
4. Final
considerations
10th September
2018, Wageningen
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Occurrences number of forest fire in Angolan NP
between 2008-2017
Percentage of occurrence number
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Angolan NP
Quiçama NP
Mupa NP
Mavinga NP
Luengue-Luiana
NP
Iona NP
Cangandala NP
Cameia NP
Bicuar NP
Name
Occurrences
number Percentage
Occurrence number
by period
Day Night
Bicuar NP 17903 10,48 16316 1587
Cameia NP 59521 34,85 58403 1118
Cangandala NP 5199 3,04 5098 101
Iona NP 42 0,02 31 11
Luengue-Luiana NP 40975 23,99 39654 1321
Mavinga NP 19827 11,61 19401 426
Mupa NP 14618 8,56 14378 240
Quiçama NP 12688 7,43 12524 164
TOTAL 170773 100 165805 4968

13. 1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Results and
Discussions
4. Final
considerations
10th September
2018, Wageningen
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Percentage of forest fire occurrence time (day and
night) in Angolan NP between 2008-2017
Day (%)
Night (%)
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0

14. 1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Results and
Discussions
4. Final
considerations
10th September
2018, Wageningen
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Evolution of number of forest fire during the study
period
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

15. 1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Results and
Discussions
4. Final
considerations
10th September
2018, Wageningen
FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
Finaly, the many conclusions of this study are:
 The Angolan NP occupy an area of 70.340 km² and
they host a large number of plant and animal species,
so they require good conservation measures, even
against the disorderly and illegal fire.
 Cameia, Luengue-Luiana and Mavinga NP had higher
forest fire records and Iona, Cangandala Quiçama and
Mupa NP recorded a lower occurrence number of forest
fires.
 The average occurrence of forest fires in the Angolan
NP between 2008-2017 is 21347, this allowed to know
that in average per year occur 2135 forest fires, 178 per
month and 6 per day in each Angolan NP.
 The forest fire in the Angolan NP between 2008-2017
occurred mostly in the day (97 %) in relation to the
night (3 %) time.

16. FOREST FIRE MONITORING IN ANGOLAN NATIONAL
PARKS IN THE PERIOD 2008-2017 – By Isaú Quissindo
UNIVERSITY JOSÉ EDUARDO DOS SANTOS
FACULTY OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE
BEDANKT VOOR JE AANDACHT!!!
OBRIGADO! TUAPANDULA!
THANK YOU MUCHAS GRACIAS
Wageningen (Netherlands), 10th September 2018