The document discusses regulatory processes and jurisdiction related to Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. It provides an overview of the types of permits required for discharging dredged or fill material into waters of the U.S., including individual permits, nationwide permits, and regional general permits. Emergency situations that qualify for authorization under Regional General Permit 63 are also defined. Case studies and examples from California help illustrate jurisdictional determinations and different approaches to project planning and design.
Alluvial fans are steeply sloped landforms found at the base of mountains that experience significant changes from debris flow deposits near the mountain to braided stream deposits in the middle fan and sheet flow deposits near the fan toe. Alluvial fan deposits include a variety of poorly sorted facies deposited by debris flows, braided streams, and sheet flows such as breccia, gravel, sand, and mud.
This document provides information about fluvial and alluvial fan systems. It begins with an introduction to why fluvial systems are studied and describes their organization into drainage basins. It then discusses the morphology of rivers and floodplains. The rest of the document describes various fluvial environments like bars, channels, overbank areas and different channel patterns for braided, meandering and anastomosing rivers. It also discusses alluvial fans and their facies. In summary, the document outlines fluvial system components, morphologies and depositional environments to understand sediment transport and deposition.
1. Carbonate sediments originate on land and in the sea in three major settings: continental, transitional between land and sea, and shallow and deep sea.
2. Marine carbonate depositional systems differ from siliciclastic systems in important ways relevant to sequence stratigraphy.
3. Non-marine carbonates form in terrestrial and aquatic environments without marine influence through abiotic and biotic precipitation processes and differ from marine carbonates.
Anastomosing fluvial systems have multiple shallow channels that branch and rejoin with a sinuosity over 2.0. They are dominated by mud deposits and characteristic of large perennial rivers with very low gradients. Channel deposits show thin beds of cross-bedded sandstone within thick overbank successions of laminated mud and peat. Unlike meandering rivers, anastomosing rivers have channels that become vertically stacked due to high subsidence rates rather than migrating laterally.
This document outlines the key aspects of fluvial channels and deposits. It discusses the origin and stages of river development from mountainous sources. The main forms of fluvial channels are straight, anastomosing, braided, and meandering, with braided bars and point bars being the main deposits. Fluvial deposits have economic importance as aquifers, reservoirs, and hosts for minerals like gold. In conclusion, the presentation covered the origin, forms, deposits, and economic value of fluvial systems.
This document discusses the key principles of stratigraphy, which is the branch of geology that studies the layers of rock in the Earth's crust and the history they record. It outlines several important principles including superposition, original horizontality, lateral continuity, crosscutting relationships, and fossil succession. These principles are used to interpret the relative ages of rock layers and the geological events they provide evidence of, such as mountain building, climate change, and evolution of plant and animal life over time. Examples are given to illustrate principles like unconformities, folding, faulting, and how they impact the interpretation of rock sequences.
This document summarizes eolian (wind-related) depositional environments and processes. It describes how deserts are commonly found between latitudes 10-20 degrees north and south of the equator. Mountain ranges can create rain shadows where dry air descends on the lee side, leading to arid conditions. Wind is the dominant agent in deserts, sorting sediments by size as it blows - with clay and silt carried high into the atmosphere as loess while sand is deposited in dunes. Dunes come in different shapes depending on variables like sand supply and wind direction/consistency.
Naked Nature - The Geological Wonders of Death Valley National ParkChris Austin
Death Valley is one of the hottest and driest places in North America, yet it contains a diversity of landscapes and geological features formed over millions of years. It encompasses mountain ranges, salt flats, sand dunes, volcanic craters and colorful badlands carved by erosion. The valley was formed by the stretching of the Earth's crust which uplifted mountains and dropped the valley floor below sea level. It contains evidence of ancient lakes, volcanic activity, mining operations and plant and animal adaptations to the harsh environment. There are many scenic attractions for visitors to explore and learn about the natural history of this unique region.
Alluvial fans are steeply sloped landforms found at the base of mountains that experience significant changes from debris flow deposits near the mountain to braided stream deposits in the middle fan and sheet flow deposits near the fan toe. Alluvial fan deposits include a variety of poorly sorted facies deposited by debris flows, braided streams, and sheet flows such as breccia, gravel, sand, and mud.
This document provides information about fluvial and alluvial fan systems. It begins with an introduction to why fluvial systems are studied and describes their organization into drainage basins. It then discusses the morphology of rivers and floodplains. The rest of the document describes various fluvial environments like bars, channels, overbank areas and different channel patterns for braided, meandering and anastomosing rivers. It also discusses alluvial fans and their facies. In summary, the document outlines fluvial system components, morphologies and depositional environments to understand sediment transport and deposition.
1. Carbonate sediments originate on land and in the sea in three major settings: continental, transitional between land and sea, and shallow and deep sea.
2. Marine carbonate depositional systems differ from siliciclastic systems in important ways relevant to sequence stratigraphy.
3. Non-marine carbonates form in terrestrial and aquatic environments without marine influence through abiotic and biotic precipitation processes and differ from marine carbonates.
Anastomosing fluvial systems have multiple shallow channels that branch and rejoin with a sinuosity over 2.0. They are dominated by mud deposits and characteristic of large perennial rivers with very low gradients. Channel deposits show thin beds of cross-bedded sandstone within thick overbank successions of laminated mud and peat. Unlike meandering rivers, anastomosing rivers have channels that become vertically stacked due to high subsidence rates rather than migrating laterally.
This document outlines the key aspects of fluvial channels and deposits. It discusses the origin and stages of river development from mountainous sources. The main forms of fluvial channels are straight, anastomosing, braided, and meandering, with braided bars and point bars being the main deposits. Fluvial deposits have economic importance as aquifers, reservoirs, and hosts for minerals like gold. In conclusion, the presentation covered the origin, forms, deposits, and economic value of fluvial systems.
This document discusses the key principles of stratigraphy, which is the branch of geology that studies the layers of rock in the Earth's crust and the history they record. It outlines several important principles including superposition, original horizontality, lateral continuity, crosscutting relationships, and fossil succession. These principles are used to interpret the relative ages of rock layers and the geological events they provide evidence of, such as mountain building, climate change, and evolution of plant and animal life over time. Examples are given to illustrate principles like unconformities, folding, faulting, and how they impact the interpretation of rock sequences.
This document summarizes eolian (wind-related) depositional environments and processes. It describes how deserts are commonly found between latitudes 10-20 degrees north and south of the equator. Mountain ranges can create rain shadows where dry air descends on the lee side, leading to arid conditions. Wind is the dominant agent in deserts, sorting sediments by size as it blows - with clay and silt carried high into the atmosphere as loess while sand is deposited in dunes. Dunes come in different shapes depending on variables like sand supply and wind direction/consistency.
Naked Nature - The Geological Wonders of Death Valley National ParkChris Austin
Death Valley is one of the hottest and driest places in North America, yet it contains a diversity of landscapes and geological features formed over millions of years. It encompasses mountain ranges, salt flats, sand dunes, volcanic craters and colorful badlands carved by erosion. The valley was formed by the stretching of the Earth's crust which uplifted mountains and dropped the valley floor below sea level. It contains evidence of ancient lakes, volcanic activity, mining operations and plant and animal adaptations to the harsh environment. There are many scenic attractions for visitors to explore and learn about the natural history of this unique region.
This document provides an introduction to sedimentology and stratigraphy. It discusses key concepts such as sedimentology focusing on accumulation under uniform conditions while stratigraphy records changes over time. Sedimentary rocks form through weathering, erosion, transport, deposition, lithification and diagenesis. Scientists study facies, depositional systems, and system tracts to interpret ancient environments. Stratigraphy reflects changes in the balance between space creation and filling in sedimentary basins. Correlating rock units across regions is important for stratigraphic research.
Braided river systems have multiple shallow channels that divide and rejoin, forming bars within the channels and along the banks. Sediment is transported through these channels as structureless gravel, horizontally-bedded gravel and sand, or in trough and planar cross-sets. Over time, bars migrate downstream as new material is deposited on the upstream edge and erosion occurs downstream. This cyclic process, along with variable discharge and erodible banks, causes the channels to shift and result in the braided fluvial pattern.
A fluvial system consists of channels that transport sediment from drainage basins to depositional basins. It can be divided into channel belts, floodplains, and splay deposits. Discharge is the volume of water passing through a stream over time and controls the sediment transport capacity and competence. Meandering streams migrate laterally through erosion on the outside bend and deposition on the inside bend, eventually forming oxbow lakes when neck cut-offs occur. Flooding occurs when discharge exceeds channel capacity.
The document summarizes the geological setting and engineering challenges for constructing a suspension bridge where the bedrock is granite located beneath 300m of glacial till and 200m of unconsolidated silt and mud, with the ends anchored in highly fractured shale that dips toward the water. Some of the challenges discussed include water ingress through fractures in the shale increasing weathering, slope failures due to clay expansion in the shale, and rapid scouring of the shale. The document outlines solutions such as anchoring directly into bedrock instead of shale, using concrete slabs with rock bolts over fractured shale areas, and locating anchor placements in zones with minor shale fractures. Bridge maintenance procedures are also briefly discussed.
Sedimentary facies refer to rock or sediment bodies that are distinguished by their composition, texture, structures and other features related to the depositional environment. Key aspects of facies include grain size, sorting, fossils and bedding. Individual facies represent specific depositional conditions. Multiple genetically-related facies comprise a facies association representing a depositional system. Facies successions occur at different scales from individual systems to basin-scale sequences reflecting changes in sea level over time.
1.1 introduction of geology,Branches and Scope of GeologyRam Kumawat
This document discusses the branches and scope of geology. It outlines 15 branches of geology including physical geology, crystallography, mineralogy, petrology, structural geology, stratigraphy, paleontology, historical geology, economic geology, mining geology, civil engineering geology, hydrology, Indian geology, resources engineering, and photo geology. It then discusses the importance and scope of geology for civil engineering, including providing construction materials knowledge, helping with erosion and deposition projects, tunneling and foundations, and reducing engineering costs.
Stratigraphy is the study of temporal relationships in sedimentary rock layers and reflects changes in the balance between the rates of space production and filling. Stratigraphy records past geological events and adds a temporal dimension to sedimentology. It preserves details of major geologic events like mountain building, sea level changes, and climate fluctuations through principles such as superposition, original horizontality, lateral continuity, and crosscutting relationships.
This document discusses key aspects of engineering geology and its importance in modern development. It provides examples of how poor subsurface conditions, lack of safety measures, and lack of studies can lead to infrastructure failures. It emphasizes the role of engineering geology in properly studying soil and subsurface conditions before construction to select the best design and safety remedies. Methods discussed include field and laboratory investigations to understand rock quality and recommend appropriate structural support.
Geology is the study of the Earth, including its composition, structure, physical properties, history and the processes that shape it. The document outlines several key branches of geology, including economic geology, mining geology, petroleum geology, engineering geology, environmental geology, geochemistry, geomorphology, geophysics, historical geology, hydrogeology, mineralogy, paleontology, petrology, structural geology, sedimentology, stratigraphy and volcanology. Each branch deals with different aspects of the Earth and geological processes. Engineering geology specifically applies geological knowledge to civil engineering projects regarding construction materials, site selection, and safe design and construction.
Erika Ramos collected different types of rocks from various locations in California for a geology lab assignment. She found igneous rocks with a granite texture in three rivers. Sedimentary rocks showed signs of change and splitting, and felt layered. Metamorphic rocks had a granite-like texture but felt smoother. Ramos located a fault in Mineral Springs near Coalinga, which is part of the San Andreas Fault. She observed chemical and mechanical weathering in different areas and saw mass wasting and erosion events caused by water and wind. Ramos found marine and transitional sedimentary environments in Pismo Beach and three rivers respectively.
1) Stratigraphy is the chronological study of sedimentary rocks to understand the history of the Earth. It reveals details of past climate, geography, evolution, and more.
2) The principles of stratigraphy include lithology, order of superposition, and fossil content. Lithology is the study of rock compositions and minerals. Order of superposition means younger rocks are deposited above older rocks. Fossils provide information about past life.
3) The geological time scale divides Earth's history into eras, periods, and epochs to correlate rock formations worldwide. It allows reconstruction of the planet's environmental changes over time.
Engineering Geology (Civil Engineering Applications)GAURAV. H .TANDON
This document discusses the important geological factors to consider when selecting sites for dams and reservoirs. Narrow river valleys, shallow bedrock, and competent bedrock foundations are desirable for reducing dam construction costs. Sedimentary rocks like sandstone and limestone can cause water leakage from reservoirs depending on their porosity. Metamorphic rocks like gneiss and quartzite are generally impermeable. Geological structures must also be considered, with horizontal or tilted strata being most suitable and faults or intense fracturing making a site undesirable. The document outlines these considerations in detail.
This document provides an overview of engineering geology and its scope. It discusses how geology relates to civil engineering projects in areas like construction, water resource development, and town planning. Key points covered include:
- Engineering geology deals with applying geology principles to safe and economic design of civil engineering projects.
- Geological maps, hydrological maps, and topographical maps are important for planning projects.
- Geological characteristics like bedrock, mechanical properties, and seismic activity influence project design.
- Geological knowledge aids in quality control of construction materials and sensitive construction areas.
- Geology is relevant for water resource exploration, development, and the water cycle understanding.
- Land utilization and regional planning requires considering natural geological features and
This document discusses various geological processes and landforms resulting from physical geology. It covers the geological work of rivers including erosion, transportation, deposition and various fluvial landforms. It also discusses the geological work of other agents like wind, groundwater and oceans. Rivers can erode, transport and deposit sediment, forming features like drainage patterns, valleys, waterfalls and terraces over long periods of time. Wind erosion can form dunes and loess deposits, while groundwater can dissolve rock to form sinkholes, caves and valleys. Oceans also erode, transport and deposit material along coastlines.
The document provides an overview of an environmental impact assessment for a proposed water supply project. It discusses the key components and interactions within the environment. It also outlines the EIA process, which includes collecting baseline environmental and social data, identifying potential impacts, and developing mitigation measures to enhance sustainability. The document then analyzes potential impacts and mitigation strategies specific to borehole water supply projects, pipelines, and reservoirs during construction, operation, and decommissioning. Key impacts addressed include water pollution, soil erosion, impacts on flora and fauna, occupational health and safety, and public nuisance and health risks.
Construction Related Environmental Concerns - May 2016 ASSE PresentationChristina M. Faust, CSP
This document discusses various environmental concerns related to construction projects and the relevant laws and regulations. It outlines primary concerns like wetlands, dewatering, erosion control, spills, historic fill, tanks, linear projects, contaminated sites, and waste management. It provides details on permit requirements and best practices for many of these areas. The key message is that environmental safety should be considered during all construction stages and professionals may need to be consulted to ensure compliance with the many laws governing environmental protection in New Jersey.
This presentation summarizes a project to inventory public shoreline access in Hawaii. It discusses proposed legislation supporting public shoreline access, methods for data collection including collaborating with state and county agencies, examples from pilot studies and case studies on Maui and the Big Island, recommendations for moving forward and maintaining the data collection long term. The goal is to create a comprehensive database and maps of public shoreline access points and facilities to help ensure public access to beaches and shorelines.
Environmental Permitting in Indian CountryAshleyTso1
During the Construction in Indian Country 2018 Annual Conference, Eunice Tso led a workshop session on Friday morning called “Environmental Permitting in Indian Country.”
Environmental Permitting in Indian CountryAshleyTso1
During the Construction in Indian Country 2018 Annual Conference, Eunice Tso led a workshop session on Friday morning called “Environmental Permitting in Indian Country.”
This document summarizes the California Levee Evaluations Programs which aims to evaluate levees in the Central Valley to determine if they meet safety standards and identify needed repairs. The program supports flood management planning and projects. It evaluates both urban and non-urban levees using different methods. The goal is to improve flood protection for over 500,000 people and $56 billion in structures and land in the Central Valley.
The document discusses compensatory mitigation for losses of aquatic resources under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. It provides an overview of mitigation policies and frameworks, explaining that mitigation follows a sequence of avoiding, minimizing, and compensating for impacts. It describes the roles of the Corps and EPA in administering the Section 404 permit program and mitigation requirements, including the Section 404(b)(1) guidelines calling for minimizing adverse impacts through mitigation.
Urbanization increases stormwater runoff rates, volumes, and frequencies, impairing water quality through pollution and physical alterations to watersheds. The regulatory solution is the Stormwater Program under the Clean Water Act, which requires National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permits for "point source" stormwater discharges. Permits regulate both municipal separate storm sewer systems and industrial facilities, and cover elements such as education, illicit discharge detection, construction site controls, and post-construction runoff management. Low impact development techniques aim to restore natural hydrology and protect water quality.
This document provides an introduction to sedimentology and stratigraphy. It discusses key concepts such as sedimentology focusing on accumulation under uniform conditions while stratigraphy records changes over time. Sedimentary rocks form through weathering, erosion, transport, deposition, lithification and diagenesis. Scientists study facies, depositional systems, and system tracts to interpret ancient environments. Stratigraphy reflects changes in the balance between space creation and filling in sedimentary basins. Correlating rock units across regions is important for stratigraphic research.
Braided river systems have multiple shallow channels that divide and rejoin, forming bars within the channels and along the banks. Sediment is transported through these channels as structureless gravel, horizontally-bedded gravel and sand, or in trough and planar cross-sets. Over time, bars migrate downstream as new material is deposited on the upstream edge and erosion occurs downstream. This cyclic process, along with variable discharge and erodible banks, causes the channels to shift and result in the braided fluvial pattern.
A fluvial system consists of channels that transport sediment from drainage basins to depositional basins. It can be divided into channel belts, floodplains, and splay deposits. Discharge is the volume of water passing through a stream over time and controls the sediment transport capacity and competence. Meandering streams migrate laterally through erosion on the outside bend and deposition on the inside bend, eventually forming oxbow lakes when neck cut-offs occur. Flooding occurs when discharge exceeds channel capacity.
The document summarizes the geological setting and engineering challenges for constructing a suspension bridge where the bedrock is granite located beneath 300m of glacial till and 200m of unconsolidated silt and mud, with the ends anchored in highly fractured shale that dips toward the water. Some of the challenges discussed include water ingress through fractures in the shale increasing weathering, slope failures due to clay expansion in the shale, and rapid scouring of the shale. The document outlines solutions such as anchoring directly into bedrock instead of shale, using concrete slabs with rock bolts over fractured shale areas, and locating anchor placements in zones with minor shale fractures. Bridge maintenance procedures are also briefly discussed.
Sedimentary facies refer to rock or sediment bodies that are distinguished by their composition, texture, structures and other features related to the depositional environment. Key aspects of facies include grain size, sorting, fossils and bedding. Individual facies represent specific depositional conditions. Multiple genetically-related facies comprise a facies association representing a depositional system. Facies successions occur at different scales from individual systems to basin-scale sequences reflecting changes in sea level over time.
1.1 introduction of geology,Branches and Scope of GeologyRam Kumawat
This document discusses the branches and scope of geology. It outlines 15 branches of geology including physical geology, crystallography, mineralogy, petrology, structural geology, stratigraphy, paleontology, historical geology, economic geology, mining geology, civil engineering geology, hydrology, Indian geology, resources engineering, and photo geology. It then discusses the importance and scope of geology for civil engineering, including providing construction materials knowledge, helping with erosion and deposition projects, tunneling and foundations, and reducing engineering costs.
Stratigraphy is the study of temporal relationships in sedimentary rock layers and reflects changes in the balance between the rates of space production and filling. Stratigraphy records past geological events and adds a temporal dimension to sedimentology. It preserves details of major geologic events like mountain building, sea level changes, and climate fluctuations through principles such as superposition, original horizontality, lateral continuity, and crosscutting relationships.
This document discusses key aspects of engineering geology and its importance in modern development. It provides examples of how poor subsurface conditions, lack of safety measures, and lack of studies can lead to infrastructure failures. It emphasizes the role of engineering geology in properly studying soil and subsurface conditions before construction to select the best design and safety remedies. Methods discussed include field and laboratory investigations to understand rock quality and recommend appropriate structural support.
Geology is the study of the Earth, including its composition, structure, physical properties, history and the processes that shape it. The document outlines several key branches of geology, including economic geology, mining geology, petroleum geology, engineering geology, environmental geology, geochemistry, geomorphology, geophysics, historical geology, hydrogeology, mineralogy, paleontology, petrology, structural geology, sedimentology, stratigraphy and volcanology. Each branch deals with different aspects of the Earth and geological processes. Engineering geology specifically applies geological knowledge to civil engineering projects regarding construction materials, site selection, and safe design and construction.
Erika Ramos collected different types of rocks from various locations in California for a geology lab assignment. She found igneous rocks with a granite texture in three rivers. Sedimentary rocks showed signs of change and splitting, and felt layered. Metamorphic rocks had a granite-like texture but felt smoother. Ramos located a fault in Mineral Springs near Coalinga, which is part of the San Andreas Fault. She observed chemical and mechanical weathering in different areas and saw mass wasting and erosion events caused by water and wind. Ramos found marine and transitional sedimentary environments in Pismo Beach and three rivers respectively.
1) Stratigraphy is the chronological study of sedimentary rocks to understand the history of the Earth. It reveals details of past climate, geography, evolution, and more.
2) The principles of stratigraphy include lithology, order of superposition, and fossil content. Lithology is the study of rock compositions and minerals. Order of superposition means younger rocks are deposited above older rocks. Fossils provide information about past life.
3) The geological time scale divides Earth's history into eras, periods, and epochs to correlate rock formations worldwide. It allows reconstruction of the planet's environmental changes over time.
Engineering Geology (Civil Engineering Applications)GAURAV. H .TANDON
This document discusses the important geological factors to consider when selecting sites for dams and reservoirs. Narrow river valleys, shallow bedrock, and competent bedrock foundations are desirable for reducing dam construction costs. Sedimentary rocks like sandstone and limestone can cause water leakage from reservoirs depending on their porosity. Metamorphic rocks like gneiss and quartzite are generally impermeable. Geological structures must also be considered, with horizontal or tilted strata being most suitable and faults or intense fracturing making a site undesirable. The document outlines these considerations in detail.
This document provides an overview of engineering geology and its scope. It discusses how geology relates to civil engineering projects in areas like construction, water resource development, and town planning. Key points covered include:
- Engineering geology deals with applying geology principles to safe and economic design of civil engineering projects.
- Geological maps, hydrological maps, and topographical maps are important for planning projects.
- Geological characteristics like bedrock, mechanical properties, and seismic activity influence project design.
- Geological knowledge aids in quality control of construction materials and sensitive construction areas.
- Geology is relevant for water resource exploration, development, and the water cycle understanding.
- Land utilization and regional planning requires considering natural geological features and
This document discusses various geological processes and landforms resulting from physical geology. It covers the geological work of rivers including erosion, transportation, deposition and various fluvial landforms. It also discusses the geological work of other agents like wind, groundwater and oceans. Rivers can erode, transport and deposit sediment, forming features like drainage patterns, valleys, waterfalls and terraces over long periods of time. Wind erosion can form dunes and loess deposits, while groundwater can dissolve rock to form sinkholes, caves and valleys. Oceans also erode, transport and deposit material along coastlines.
The document provides an overview of an environmental impact assessment for a proposed water supply project. It discusses the key components and interactions within the environment. It also outlines the EIA process, which includes collecting baseline environmental and social data, identifying potential impacts, and developing mitigation measures to enhance sustainability. The document then analyzes potential impacts and mitigation strategies specific to borehole water supply projects, pipelines, and reservoirs during construction, operation, and decommissioning. Key impacts addressed include water pollution, soil erosion, impacts on flora and fauna, occupational health and safety, and public nuisance and health risks.
Construction Related Environmental Concerns - May 2016 ASSE PresentationChristina M. Faust, CSP
This document discusses various environmental concerns related to construction projects and the relevant laws and regulations. It outlines primary concerns like wetlands, dewatering, erosion control, spills, historic fill, tanks, linear projects, contaminated sites, and waste management. It provides details on permit requirements and best practices for many of these areas. The key message is that environmental safety should be considered during all construction stages and professionals may need to be consulted to ensure compliance with the many laws governing environmental protection in New Jersey.
This presentation summarizes a project to inventory public shoreline access in Hawaii. It discusses proposed legislation supporting public shoreline access, methods for data collection including collaborating with state and county agencies, examples from pilot studies and case studies on Maui and the Big Island, recommendations for moving forward and maintaining the data collection long term. The goal is to create a comprehensive database and maps of public shoreline access points and facilities to help ensure public access to beaches and shorelines.
Environmental Permitting in Indian CountryAshleyTso1
During the Construction in Indian Country 2018 Annual Conference, Eunice Tso led a workshop session on Friday morning called “Environmental Permitting in Indian Country.”
Environmental Permitting in Indian CountryAshleyTso1
During the Construction in Indian Country 2018 Annual Conference, Eunice Tso led a workshop session on Friday morning called “Environmental Permitting in Indian Country.”
This document summarizes the California Levee Evaluations Programs which aims to evaluate levees in the Central Valley to determine if they meet safety standards and identify needed repairs. The program supports flood management planning and projects. It evaluates both urban and non-urban levees using different methods. The goal is to improve flood protection for over 500,000 people and $56 billion in structures and land in the Central Valley.
The document discusses compensatory mitigation for losses of aquatic resources under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. It provides an overview of mitigation policies and frameworks, explaining that mitigation follows a sequence of avoiding, minimizing, and compensating for impacts. It describes the roles of the Corps and EPA in administering the Section 404 permit program and mitigation requirements, including the Section 404(b)(1) guidelines calling for minimizing adverse impacts through mitigation.
Urbanization increases stormwater runoff rates, volumes, and frequencies, impairing water quality through pollution and physical alterations to watersheds. The regulatory solution is the Stormwater Program under the Clean Water Act, which requires National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permits for "point source" stormwater discharges. Permits regulate both municipal separate storm sewer systems and industrial facilities, and cover elements such as education, illicit discharge detection, construction site controls, and post-construction runoff management. Low impact development techniques aim to restore natural hydrology and protect water quality.
This document provides information about a public information center regarding an investigation into basement flooding and stormwater runoff quality control in Study Area 38. The meeting introduces the project background, study area, potential causes of flooding, possible solutions that will be evaluated, and next steps. Attendees can view displays, ask questions, and provide comment sheets. Potential solutions that will be evaluated include source controls on private property, conveyance controls like road retrofits and local bioretention, and end-of-pipe controls such as wetlands, dry ponds, and underground storage tanks. Criteria for evaluating solutions include environmental, technical, social, and economic factors. The project team will consider public comments received by June 1st and
Current Issues Wetland Mitigation_Irow 2009 jlarndt_51
- The document discusses the history and evolution of wetland regulation in the United States from the 1700s to the present, including a shift from encouraging wetland conversion to establishing regulations to protect wetlands.
- Key milestones included the Clean Water Act of 1972 which established a permit program for dredging and filling wetlands, and regulations in the 1980s which allowed mitigation to offset wetland impacts.
- Recent revisions to mitigation regulations in 2008 established more stringent requirements for mitigation planning, functional replacement of wetland impacts, and preference for mitigation banking.
The document discusses California's efforts to regulate stormwater runoff from new construction projects using a watershed management approach. It acknowledges the challenges of population growth putting pressure on water resources. Low impact development techniques are promoted to mimic natural hydrologic processes and protect water quality. However, over-engineered solutions risk overlooking soils and overall watershed health. The regulatory framework is continuing to evolve from a focus on runoff volume to consideration of additional hydrologic factors and outcomes related to beneficial uses.
This document discusses the implications of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) for planning processes. It provides an overview of CEQA basics, including its purpose to inform decision-makers and the public about environmental impacts and ways to reduce them. It also outlines key parties in the CEQA process, such as lead agencies and stakeholders. CEQA can impact planning by requiring environmental analysis and changes to address impacts. Example CEQA projects are also discussed, such as specific plans and general plans, which often require extensive CEQA review and public participation.
This document summarizes a collaboration between 15 local, state, federal, non-profit, corporate, agriculture, and private partners to reconstruct a stream through the Metz Lateral Conservation Project. The partners worked together to benefit both agricultural production and conservation by implementing a two-stage ditch design that provides stable banks, minimal maintenance, increased capacity, and nutrient reduction while balancing increased initial costs and loss of tillable land. Communication between all involved parties was key to the ultimate success of the large-scale project.
The Chicot Aquifer and the I-49 Connector ProjectRodney Hess
An aquifer is a geological structure of permeable rock or sediment that contains and transmits groundwater. There are two main types of aquifers - unconfined aquifers where water seeps directly from the ground surface above, and confined aquifers where an impermeable layer inhibits water seepage from above and water enters from farther away. The document discusses the Chicot Aquifer, a major confined aquifer in Louisiana, and details its geology, recharge areas, and importance as a drinking water source. It also examines the development process for the I-49 Connector highway project and measures to protect the Chicot Aquifer during construction.
This document discusses how GIS and web-based tools can streamline transmission line routing. It provides background on resource planning versus routing and initiatives like WECC and WGA. The emergence of HVDC is also noted. Opportunities for routing include paralleling existing infrastructure and utilizing undeveloped corridors. Constraints include sensitive species habitat, populated areas, and cultural/water resources. A hypothetical GIS website is demonstrated for a Wyoming project, featuring constraint layers, measurement tools, and an address search. Benefits of private GIS websites include ease of use, early issue identification, and facilitating public involvement and agency consultation.
This document provides an erosion and sediment control plan for Brizzolara Creek on the Cal Poly campus. It introduces the project goals of stabilizing an eroding outer bank, centralizing stream flow, removing scrap metal, and improving overall channel quality. Regulatory requirements that must be met include obtaining permits from the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, US Army Corps of Engineers, and Regional Water Quality Control Board. A site assessment is then presented, including aerial and detailed site maps as well as descriptions of the site soils, vegetation, water sources, measurements, and existing erosion problems. Best management practices to be used including J-hooks, riprap, erosion control netting, and bioretention planters. Maintenance and
The document provides information on the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities' Integrated Vegetation Management Plan. It discusses the goals of vegetation management for public safety and infrastructure protection. It outlines the methods used, including mechanical, preventative and chemical (herbicides). The plan establishes zones of vegetation control and lists approved herbicides. It describes the process for public notification and permits that are required before herbicide application. Maps and photos show examples of vegetation management projects conducted under the plan.
The document discusses planning for post-disaster recovery in St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana after Hurricane Katrina. It describes some of the challenges the parish faced in managing recovery efforts, including pressure from residents to rebuild quickly, loss of government records, and a reduced population that left excess infrastructure. It also discusses lessons learned, like the need to plan specifically for post-disaster recovery, threats from hazards, and systems to manage various recovery outcomes and alternative futures. The document advocates that planners should plan for recovery after a disaster occurs, rather than just emergency response, and should engage the public in discussions about difficult issues.
Similar to Final Presentation - Alluvial Fan Floodplains_maxcomp (20)
Final Presentation - Alluvial Fan Floodplains_maxcomp
1. Mark Edelman, AICP – Arizona State Land Department
Sallie Diebolt – U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Doug Williams, AICP – Flood Control District of Maricopa County
Source: "Gigantic Alluvial Fan Being Uplift by New Fault" by Wing‐Chi Poon ‐ self‐made; along North Highway in Death Valley National Park, California, USA.. Licensed under CC BY‐SA 2.5 via Commons – https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gigantic_Alluvial_Fan_Being_Uplift_by_New_Fault.jpg#/media/File:Gigantic_Alluvial_Fan_Being_Uplift_by_New_Fault.jpg
19. BUILDING STRONG®
And Taking Care Of People!
US Army Corps of Engineers
BUILDING STRONG®
Section 404 Clean Water Act
Permitting
Sallie Diebolt
Chief, Arizona Branch
Regulatory Division
Los Angeles District
November 5, 2015
21. BUILDING STRONG®
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Reporter Richard Ellis dips his hand in the
Cuyahoga River on a boat trip in the 1960s
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August 1, 1969
“No Visible Life. Some river!
Chocolate-brown, oily, bubbling with
subsurface gases, it oozes rather
than flows. "Anyone who falls into
the Cuyahoga does not drown,"
Cleveland's citizens joke grimly. "He
decays." The Federal Water
Pollution Control Administration
dryly notes: "The lower Cuyahoga
has no visible life, not even low
forms such as leeches and sludge
worms that usually thrive on
wastes." It is also—literally —a fire
hazard.”
24. BUILDING STRONG®
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Regulatory Mission
• Protect aquatic resources
• Allow reasonable development
• Fair, timely, and balanced permit
decisions
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25. BUILDING STRONG®
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What is Section 404?
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (1972, as
amended)
Required for the discharge of dredged or fill
material into waters of the U.S.
Common projects are construction, maintenance,
and repair activities in the waters of the U.S.
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26. BUILDING STRONG®
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Regulatory Process
1) What is the scope of the project?
2) Is there geographic jurisdiction?
3) Are there regulated activities?
4) What type of permit is needed?
27. BUILDING STRONG®
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Regulator’s Process
1) What is the scope of the project?
2) Is there geographic jurisdiction?
3) Are there regulated activities?
4) What type of permit is needed?
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Scope of Project
Location information
• Vicinity map
• Coordinates
• Directions to site
• Permission to access
Clearly define project area boundary
Describe all proposed activities
Single and complete project
Recent, good quality aerial photos
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32. BUILDING STRONG®
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Regulatory Process
1) What is the scope of the project?
2) Is there geographic jurisdiction?
3) Are there regulated activities?
4) What type of permit is needed?
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Geographic Jurisdiction
Physical and biological indicators of flow
Wetland boundary
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34. BUILDING STRONG®
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Geographic Jurisdiction
Rivers/Streams
Dry Washes/Arroyos
Ponds/Lakes*
Wetlands*
Constructed Canals/Laterals*
* fed by or conveys natural drainage
flows
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Two Types of Jurisdictional
Delineations
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Preliminary JD
- Non-Binding
- Assume all likely areas are jurisdictional
- No Significant Nexus Analysis
- Does not require EPA approval
- Allows projects to move forward
Approved JD
- Binding
- Definitive re non-jurisdictional areas
- Significant Nexus Analysis
- Requires EPA approval
39. BUILDING STRONG®
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Clean Water Rule
Rulemaking to clarify jurisdiction under
Section 404
Current status???
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40. BUILDING STRONG®
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Regulatory Process
1) What is the scope of the project?
2) Is there geographic jurisdiction?
3) Are there regulated activities?
4) What type of permit is needed?
41. BUILDING STRONG®
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Regulated Activities
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Any activity that results in ground-disturbing
activities (i.e., dredging or filling) within waters
of the U.S.
• Fills (e.g., for construction of buildings, parking
lots, etc.)
• Roads (culverts)
• Rip-Rap
• Grading (moving material from one area to
another within the waterway)
• Stockpiles
• Utility Lines
• Mechanized removal of vegetation
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What Is NOT Regulated Under
Section 404?
Excavation “Scoop and haul”
Fences
Driving
Herbicides
Other activities regulated by Section 402
(SWPPP)
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43. BUILDING STRONG®
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Regulatory Process
1) What is the scope of the project?
2) Is there geographic jurisdiction?
3) Are there regulated activities?
4) What type of permit is needed?
44. BUILDING STRONG®
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44
Types of
Section 404
Permits
Individual
§ 404 Permit
Impacts to
Waters
of the U.S.
any amount of
wetland impacted
No § 404
Permit
Non-Notifying
Nationwide
§ 404 Permit
No
Impacts
Impact
less than or
equal to
1/10 acre
Notifying
Nationwide
§ 404 Permit (PCN)Or may affect
cultural resources
or federally listed species
Impact greater
than 1/10 acre,
but less than
or equal to
½ acre
•2–4 months +
•Jurisdictional
delineation
required
Start work today!
Obey conditions.
6 months to 1 year +
If need jurisdictional
delineation,
Corps review is
usually 2–3 months
Start work today!
No conditions!
Impact greater than
½ acre or
Regional
General
Permit
63
Certain emergency
situations
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Nationwide Permit (NWP)
Program
Corps reviews and reissues the NWP program
every 5 years
Current set of NWPs:
Issued March 19, 2012
Expire March 18, 2017
Verification letter from Corps is generally valid until
March 18, 2017
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46. BUILDING STRONG®
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RGP 63 Definition of
Emergency
An “emergency situation” is present where there is a clear,
sudden, unexpected, and imminent threat to
life or property demanding immediate action to prevent or mitigate
loss of, or damage to, life, health, property or essential public
services (i.e., a situation that could potentially result in an
unacceptable hazard to life or a significant loss of property if
corrective action requiring a permit is not undertaken immediately).
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47. BUILDING STRONG®
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Sequential Approach
Avoid
Minimize
Mitigate
Document Compliance with permit terms
and conditions
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Compensatory Mitigation
Comply with the Mitigation Rule
Mitigation Banks
In-lieu fee programs
Prescott Creeks Preservation Association
Arizona Game and Fish Department
La Paz County Endangered Species Fund
Superstition Area Land Trust
Tucson Audubon Society
Permitee-responsible mitigation
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Plan Ahead!
Designate team member responsible for
Section 404 matters – have Section 404
agenda item in meetings
Early and continuous resource
assessment
• Identify jurisdictional waters
• Establish resource values (cultural,
biological)
• Avoid and minimize impacts where practical
• Continuously reassess project direction for
Section 404 impacts
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51. BUILDING STRONG®
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Arizona Regulatory Branch
3636 N. Central Ave., Suite
900
Phoenix, AZ 85012-1939
602-230-6949 (General)
splregulatoryaz@usace.army
.mil
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52. Flood Control District of Maricopa County
MISSION: Reduce county resident’s risks of injury,
death, and property damage due to flooding
Major Activities
o Floodplain & Watershed Studies
o Floodplain Regulation
o Flood Hazard Mitigation
• Structural
• Non-structural
o Operations & Maintenance
• Dams, channels, levees, and basins
54. Alluvial Fan Characteristics in
Maricopa County
Low Slopes
Water Flood
Dominated
Distal From Mountain
Front
Limited Aerial Extent
(small)
Relatively Small Peaks
(high Q/area)
Low Flood Volumes
(flashy)
Transitions to Sheet
Flow
57. Hayden & Pinnacle Peak 1993 & 2013
North Scottsdale
TP will insert 2
photos
58.
59. Need for Solutions for Rawhide Wash
• Largest Flood Hazard in
Study Area
• High risks to people and
properties
• Feasible solutions that
could:
• Mitigate the hazards
• Reduce the risks
• Benefits > Costs
61. Rawhide Wash Flood Hazards
• High Flows (9600 cfs)
• Active Alluvial Fan
o Flow paths can change
o High uncertainty
o Structural solution is required
to:
- Mitigate the flood hazard
- Revise the floodplain maps
(FEMA)
Add Photo of
Rawhide
Apex
62. Why is Rawhide Wash Hazardous?
Active Alluvial Fan = Wash is Unpredictable
63. Rawhide Wash:
Floodplain & Regulatory Aspects
1. Flood insurance required (mortgaged houses)
• Approximately 4,000 properties in floodplain
• Flood insurance premiums
o Annually $1.6 Million
o Over 50-year period estimate $155 Million
2. Development requirements
• Elevate houses
• Construct infrastructure to address Rawhide Wash flows
64. 1. Mitigate the Alluvial Fan Flood
Hazard
• Ensure flow path certainty
• Control sediment
2. Reduce the floodplain
• Revise from AO to AE
• Removes >2,000 acres from the
floodplain
3. Facilitate Economic Development
• More land to develop
• Less expensive to develop
Rawhide Wash Goals:
65. No Action Alternative
• Accept the risk
• 4,000 properties remain in
floodplain
• High costs to Future and
Existing Property Owners
– Flood Damages
– Flood Insurance
– Development Costs
66. NO ACTION
• 6500 acres/4000 properties
remain in floodplain
• 500 structures at high
potential flood risk
• High costs to Property Owners
– Flood Insurance
– Existing & Future
– Development Costs
• Cost Estimate: $224 Million
67. BUILD
• Build structures to reduce the risk
& size of floodplain
– Addresses uncertainty
– Levee, floodwalls, basin, and grade
control structures
– Floodplain would be remapped to
remove floodplain for about 3,400
properties/3000 acres
• Moderate costs
– Cities & County
– Future Developers
68. Flood Control Mitigation Solutions
Two Options: Convey or Detain Flood Water
• Conveyance
o Natural Washes
o Channels
o Levees
o Storm Drains
o Flood walls
Note: Bold and underlined are the options being considered for Rawhide
69. Flood Control Mitigation Solutions
Two Options: Convey or Detain Flood Water
• Detention
o Basins
o In-line
o Off-line
o Dams
Note: Bold and underlined are the options being considered for Rawhide
Street view of basin above
In-line Detention Basin
70. Basin to Reduce Flow
• Considering two potential
general locations
• Offline basin
o Low or frequent flows
remain in wash to sustain
vegetation
o Flood flows go into basin
Jomax Road
Happy Valley
Road
Pima
Road
71. Basin to Reduce Flow
• Flows would be less than
the current peak
discharge of 9,600 cfs
• Flows contained between
levees and floodwalls
o Fewer levees may be
needed
o Fewer walls may need to
be reconstructed
Joax Road
Happy Valley
Road
Pima
Road
74. Recommendation Development
. Collaborative process
Continuous input on how
problems are fixed
• Identify potential solutions
o Non-structural
o Structural
o Floodplain redelineations
Acceptable
Fiscally
Responsible
Compatible
75. Developing Safety on Alluvial
Fans
Few trees in
area are gone
January 19, 1997
Location of bank
January 2, 1964
Deepen foundation
footings
Elevate structures