Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese explorer who led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe between 1519 and 1522. The expedition was sponsored by King Charles V of Spain and aimed to reach the Spice Islands in present-day Indonesia by sailing west, against prevailing winds, hoping to find a western route for European trade. Magellan's fleet of five ships was the first to sail from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean through the southern tip of South America, which was later named the Strait of Magellan. Although Magellan did not survive the entire voyage, as he was killed in the Philippines, the expedition successfully circumnavigated the globe for the first time, proving the Earth was round and establishing Europe's

1. BY : JUSTIN B. AND DEVISHA B.

2. Background Information In 1480, Ferdinand Magellan was born in Sabrose, Portugal from noble blood. When he was a child he was a page to the Queen of Portugal. As he grew older, Magellan volunteered for voyages under the command of prestigious captains to foreign soil. In his first voyage to India in 1505, Magellan was under the command of Francisco d’Almeida, the first Portuguese viceroy in the East.

3. Purpose of Expedition to Spice Islands in 1519 under King Charles V of Spain The purpose of his expedition was to look for the Spice Islands (present-day Indonesia) to obtain spices. Spices were highly valued by the Europeans because they added flavour and preserved their meats. Magellan believed that there was a strait through the New World/America which would serve as a shortcut to Asia.

4. Voyage Fleet consisted of five ships: the Trinidad, Concepcion, San Antonio, Victoria, and Santiago along with 200 crew members. The Santiago was destroyed by a storm in Puerto San Julian in present-day Argentina. In search of the Spice Islands, Magellan was the first European to visit the present-day Philippines. Magellan was speared to death in a war with the Mactan tribe in the Philippines in 1521. The remaining ships continued to the Spice Islands in search of spices. Only the Victoria and 18 survivors returned to Spain with valuable spices.

5. Expedition Route

6. Hardships Faced Asked King Manuel of Portugal three times for sponsorship but finally went to Spain for sponsorship. Also, while anchored in Puerto San Julian in present-day Argentina, the crew mutinied against Magellan. Food and water ran out and scurvy struck.

7. Historical Contributions Proved that the world was round and was first to circumnavigate it. First European to sail across the Pacific Ocean. Started a debate on who owned the Spice Islands. Strait of Magellan, the passageway which he discovered between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and Magellanic Clouds 1 were named after him. 1 Please note that Magellanic clouds are actually another galaxy

8. Other Notable Accomplishments First person to view penguins. Named the Pacific Ocean for its peaceful waters.

9. Bibliography BOOKS Bailey, Katherine. “Ferdinand Magellan Circumnavigating The World.” St Catharines: Crabtree Publishing Company,2006. Print. Bailey, Katharine. “Ferdinand Magellan.” New York. Crabtree Publishing Company, 2006. Print. Johnstone, Michael. “The History News: Explorers.” New York. Scholastic Inc., 1997. Print. WEBSITES “ Ferdinand Magellan ". How Stuff Works . How Stuff Works. Inc, 30 October 2008. Web. April 16, 2010 “ Ferdinand Magellan". History.com . A&E Television Networks, 16 October 2009. Web. April 18, 2010 “ Ferdinand Magellan Timeline.” N.P. N.D. Web. 28 April, 2010. Haley Crum. “The Man Who Sailed The World.” Smithsonian . Smithsonian Institute, 1 June, 2007 . Web. 28 April, 2010 Halsall, Paul. “ Ferdinand Magellan's Voyage Round the World, 1519-1522 CE.” The Modern History Sourcebook . N.P. N.D. Web. 28 April 2010 ENCYCLOPEDIAS Seed, Patricia. "Magellan, Ferdinand." World Book Student. World Book, 2010. Web. 29 April 2010 “ Magellan, Ferdinand." Encyclopedia Britannica . Encyclopedia Britannica Online . Encyclopedia Britannica, 2010. Web. 29 Apr. 2010