Judaism is both a religion and an ethnic group. It originated as the religion of the ancient Hebrew people over 4000 years ago. The core beliefs of Judaism are monotheism, the sanctity of the Torah, and a covenant relationship between God and the Jewish people. Some key practices include observing Shabbat and Jewish holidays, following kosher dietary laws, circumcision for males, and studying sacred Jewish texts. Judaism has had a profound influence on both Christianity and Islam through its emphasis on monotheism and ethical teachings.

2. JUDAISM:
JEWISH
CIVILIZATION

3. My Group Members are:
Madiha Saeed
Iqra Azmat
Javairia Akram
Hira Gul
Bushra Mehmood
Minhal Azfar

4.  Is this a religion?
 Is this a race?
 Is It a Culture or Ethnic Group?
or
 the Jews a Nation?
what is Judaism?

5. Judaism has two meanings:
 the civilization of the Jews
 And it can also mean the religion of the Jews
Dictionary Definition:
 the religion developed among the ancient Hebrews that stresses
belief in
God and faithfulness to the laws of the Torah.
 the religion of the Jewish people.
 the monotheistic religion of the Jews, having its ethical, ceremonial,a
nd legal foundation in the precepts of the Old Testament and in the
teachings and commentaries of the rabbis as found chiefly in the
Talmud.
The word judaism is a noun
introduction

6. • “A 4000 year old tradition with ideas about what it
means to be human and how to make the world a holy
place”
(Rabbi Harold Kushner, To Life)
• A “covenant relationship” between God and the Hebrew
people
• A celebration and sanctification of life
• A faith, a people, a way of life…

7. JEW?

8. Geographical area:
Red line show covered area of Judaism all over the world.

9. According to a study by Hebrew University's Professor
Sergio DellaPergola:
“the global Jewish population reached 13.75 million in the past
year, with an increase of 88,000 people”
About 43% of the world's Jewish community lives in Israel
making Israel the country with the largest Jewish population.
Population:

10. Graphical representation of population of jews among different parts of world:

11. JEWS HISTORY
• THE TERM "JEW" IS DERIVED FROM THE NAME OF JACOB'S FOURTH SON, JUDAH—YEHUDAH.

15. Promised land:
God gave Abraham and his family the Land of Israel as a laboratory
where his descendants are supposed to create the nation that’s the
model for the world.
According to Tanakh, It is a land that God has promised Israel. In their
book it is declared to Abraham, “To your descendants I give this land, from
the river of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates.” God later confirms this
promise to Abraham’s grandson Jacob, “Your territory will extend from the
desert to Lebanon, and from the great river, the Euphrates—all the Hittite
country—to the Great Sea on the west.”
All of the land include israel, all of the land of the Palestinians, some of
Egypt and Syria, all of Jordan, some of Saudi Arabia and Iraq. Israel
currently possesses only a fraction of the land God has promised.

16. MAN O SALWA:
•Man o salwa was the food from the heaven
provided by Allah.
•It was provided to the Jews in the era of Hazrat
Moosa(a.s).
•Later jews refused to eat same kind of food daily
and they asked the Moses for some kind of earthly
crops.

17. Culture:
Culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular
group of people, defined by everything from language,
religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts.
Jewish culture is the international culture of the jews. the people
named for the Kingdom of judah, study of Jewish texts, practice of
community charity, and Jewish history.

18. CUSTOMS AND BELEIFS:
Wedding:
A custom is something that's traditionally done. It is an activity.
Here are some traditions of jews:
This day is considered a personal Yom Kippur for the groom (in Hebrew
chatan) and bride (kallah), for on this day all their past mistakes are forgiven
as they merge into a new, complete soul.
the chatan and kallah not to see each other for one week preceding the
wedding.
The wedding ceremony takes place under the chuppah (canopy), a symbol of
the home that the new couple will build together. It is open on all sides.

19. DEATH:
After a person dies, the eyes are closed, the body is laid on the floor and covered,
and candles are lit next to the body. The body is never left alone until after burial, as
a sign of respect.
When a close relative (parent, sibling, spouse or child) first hears of the death of a
relative, it is traditional to express the initial grief by tearing one's clothing. The
tear is made over the heart if the deceased is a parent, or over the right side of the
chest for other relatives.

20. . Belief is something people think. This thinking may be
right or wrong
Beliefs:
Jewish Beliefs about God:
In Judaism, ultimate reality is a single, all-powerful God. It is
this belief that made the Jews unique among other ancient
peoples. The Jewish people worship YHWH, the sacred name
of God as revealed to the prophet Moses in the Torah.

21. Beliefs about the Messiah:
Many of the world's religions have hope in a future heroic figure
who will rescue the righteous, judge the wicked, and restore peace
to the world (Krishna in Hinduism, Maitreya in Buddhism) In
Judaism, this figure is the Messiah.

22. Beliefs about afterlife:
The creation of man testifies to the eternal life of the soul. The Torah
says, “And the Almighty formed the man of dust from the ground,
and He blew into his nostrils the SOUL of life” (Genesis 2:7). On this
verse, the Zohar states that “one who blows, blows from within
himself,” indicating that the soul is actually part of God’s essence.
Since God’s essence is completely spiritual and non-physical, it is
impossible that the soul should die.
The primary holy book of the Jewish faith is known as the Torah, which
comprises the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and
Deuteronomy.
The sacred writings of Judaism are found in the Torah, the first five books of
the Hebrew Bible, known as the "Tanakh."
Belief on Book:

23. Beliefs about Heaven:
Gan Eden: Heaven:
In Judaism, the eternal destination for the righteous is Gan Eden (the
Garden of Eden). It is generally described as a place of great joy and
peace.
Beliefs about hell:
Genion is the postmortem destination of unrighteous Jews and
Gentiles. In one reference, the souls in Genion are punished for up
to 12 months. After the appropriate period of purification, the
righteous continue on to Gan Eden. The wicked endure the full year
of punishment then are either annihilated ("After 12 months, their
body is consumed and their soul is burned and the wind scatters
them under the soles of the feet of the righteous.

24. Practices and Rituals:
The Mitzvot:
The Hebrew word mitzvot means "commandments" (mitzvah is
its singular form). Although the word is sometimes used more
broadly to refer to rabbinic (Talmudic) law or general good
deeds, in its strictest sense it refers to the divine
commandments given by God in the Torah.
The Synagogue:
The Jewish house of worship is a synagogue. The synagogue predates the
destruction of the Second Temple, but it became central to religious life after
the Temple was lost. The synagogue replaces ritual sacrifice with Torah
readings, prayer and teaching.

25. Keeping Kosher: Jewish Dietary Laws:
One of the most well-known Jewish religious practices is that of eating kosher foods.
The laws of kashrut (Jewish dietary laws) may be puzzling or meaningless to the
outsider, but they have held great meaning for the Jewish people throughout their
history. Not only are they an opportunity for obedience to God, they also strongly
contribute to Jewish unity and identity.
Bar/Bat Mitzvah:
The Bar/Bat Mitzvah celebrates a young person's entry into the adult
Jewish community. Although these observances are not prescribed by
written law, they have become important religious traditions over the
last 450 years. Typically, during the celebration, the young person
recites a blessing over the Torah, reads the Haftorah or Torah portion
for that week and then offers a speech or scholarly comment.

26. SYMBOLS :
Star of David:
Also known as "the Shield of David," this hexagram has
been used as a symbol in Judaism since the 17th
century. The symbol may have derived from the use of
protective amulets that pre-date the 17th century. A
blue-colored Star of David is presently displayed on
the flag of Israel.

27. Menorah:
Menorah is the oldest symbols of the Jewish faith, a
seven-branched lampstand used in the Temple. It
is lit in the Sanctuary every evening and cleaned
out every morning, replacing the wicks and putting
fresh olive oil into the cups.
The nine-branched candelabra associated with Hanukkah is also
menorah in Judaism. The eight left and right branches mark the eight-
day holiday, while the middle candle is often called "the helper," which
is used to light the other branches.

28. This symbol, commonly seen on necklaces and other
jewelry and ornaments, is simply the Hebrew word
Chai (living). Some say it refers to the Living God;
others say it simply reflects Judaism's focus on the
importance of life.
Chai:
The hamesh hand or hamsa hand is a popular motif in
Jewish jewelry. The design commonly has an eye in the
center of the hand or various Hebrew letters in the
middle.
An eye is thought to protect against the evil eye.
Hamesh Hand:

29. Shofar:
Tefillin are two small black boxes with black straps
attached to them; Jewish men are required to place one
box on their head and tie the other one on their arm
each weekday morning.
Tefillin:
A shofar is an instrument made from the horn of a
ram or other kosher animal. It was used in ancient
Israel to announce the New Moon.

30. Holy Days:
Elul
Rosh
Hashanah
Yom
Kippur
Simchat
Torah
Sukkot

31. Rosh
Hashanah
Yom
Kippur
Sukkot
Simchat
Torah
Elul
Holy Days:
The month of Elul is the sixth month of the year on Hebrew Calendar, which is
the preparation of High holy days , Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. It is a
summer month of 29 days. Elul usually occurs in August–September on
the Gregorian calendar.
Their belief is that "All the month of Elul, before eating and sleeping, a person
should look into his soul and search his deeds, that he may make confession."
Elul:
The shofar is blown every morning from the first day of Elul
until Rosh Hashanah to call people together.

32. Rosh Hashanah:
Rosh Hashanah is the Jewish New Year. The Biblical name for this
holiday is Yom Teruah. It is the first of the High Holy Days which
usually occur in the early autumn of the Northern Hemisphere.
Rosh Hashanah is a two-day celebration, which begins on the first
day of Tishrei.
The day is believed to be the anniversary of the creation of Adam
and Eve, the first man and woman, and their first actions toward
the realization of humanity's role in world. They eat their symbolic
foods such as apples dipped in honey to evoke a "sweet new year".

33. Yom Kippur:
Yom Kippur also known as Day of Atonement, is the holiest day of
the year for the Jewish people. Its central themes
are atonement and repentance. Jewish people traditionally observe
this holy day with an approximate 25-hour period of fasting and
intensive prayer, often spending most of the day in synagogue
services. Yom Kippur occurs on the 10th day of Tishri.

34. Sukkot:
Beginning five days after Yom Kippur, Sukkot is named after the booths or huts
in which Jews are supposed to dwell during this week-long celebration.
According to rabbinic tradition, these flimsy sukkot represent the huts in which
the Israelites dwelt during their forty years of wandering in the desert after
escaping from slavery in Egypt. The festival of Sukkot is one of the three
great pilgrimage festivals of the Jewish year.

35. Simchat Torah:
Simchat Torah is a celebratory Jewish holiday that marks the
completion of the annual Torah reading cycle. Simchat Torah
literally means "Rejoicing in the Law" in Hebrew.
The Meaning of Simchat Torah
Throughout the year, a set portion of the Torah is read each
week. On Simchat Torah that cycle is finished when the last
verses of book are read.

36. So, if we take a over view of judaism we
conclude that it is a religion and Judaism is
the mother-faith from which Christianity and
Islam developed. All three date back to
Abraham, who discovered the one, true,
invisible God. At Mount Sinai, several
centuries later, Moses and the Israelites
received the Torah (teaching), which revealed
the way God wished to be served. Belief in
one God, as taught by Moses, is the basic
principle of Judaism.