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Final green tourism 13 oct 2014
This document discusses green tourism. It begins by outlining the learning outcomes and providing an overview of the topics to be covered, including what green tourism is, its benefits, certification, best practices, and recommendations. Statistics are given showing the economic importance of tourism in various Pacific countries as well as the environmental impacts of the tourism industry globally. Green tourism is defined as sustainable tourism that takes into account economic, social and environmental impacts. The document discusses pros and cons and provides examples of green certification programs and best practices from companies like Rivers Fiji and Air New Zealand. Recommendations are made to improve green tourism through initiatives like training, recognition programs, and strengthening niche tourism segments.
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Final green tourism 13 oct 2014
- 1.
- 2. 2014 MBA 434:Tuesday Session Unaisi Vuniwaqa S02000455 Seini Fotu S02006013 Hanisivai Visanti S11112274
- 4. Learning Outcomes •Understand Green Tourism. • Identify reasons to Go Green. • Everyday Green practices.
- 5. Outline ♻ Whydoes Tourism matter? ♻ What is Green Tourism? ♻ Who benefits? ♻ Green Certification ♻ What’s the big deal? ♻ Pros & Cons ♻ Best Green Practices ♻ How is it measured? ♻ What can we do? ♻ What can our leaders do? ♻ How do you go Green? ♻ Conclusion ♻ Recommendation
- 6.
- 7. Source: United NationsWorld Tourism Organization
- 8. UN Millennium DevelopmentGoals Source: “Tourism & the Millennium Development Goals”, United Nations World Tourism Organization
- 9. Global Facts &Figures Tourism: – 5% global CO2 emissions – 5.2% - 12.5% global warming Forecast: 1.8 billion international tourist arrivals by 2030 Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
- 10. Pacific Facts &Figures In 2010 Tourisms GDP Contribution: •56% in Palau •44.4% Cook Island •34.1% in Vanuatu •23.4% in Fiji Tourism contributed an estimated 10.7% of the regions GDP in 2012 Tourisms contribution to employment in 2012 accounted for: •11.7% in Fiji •7.6% in Kiribati •4.8% in Tonga •4.1% in Solomon Is
- 12. What is greentourism? Sustainable Tourism Ecotourism Responsible Tourism
- 13. What does itmean? "Tourism that takes full account of its current and future economic, social and environmental impacts, addressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment and host communities." (UNWTO 2005) Sustainability!
- 14. Climate Change Sustainable Tourism Socio- Culture Environment Economi c
- 15. Who benefits? Travelers Businesses Destinations Governments Residents Bruno Maia/Naturezafotos.org
- 16. Green Certification Majorplayers Global Sustainable Tourism Council Green Globe Green Tourism Energy Star Green Seal
- 17. Global Sustainable TourismCouncil Objectives: Widespread adoption – sustainable standards Creating Universal Principals Making Destinations Sustainable Promoting Market Access Accreditation – Helping Verify Sustainability
- 18. Accreditation Process ThirdParty Verification Self Assessment Third Party Certification Third Party Certification by GSTC Recognised Certifier
- 19. What’s the bigdeal????
- 21. What do “sustainabletravelers” look like? • Younger. Average age is 39. Non-green traveler is 44. • Educated. 48% have a college degree. • Wealthier. 13% higher income. • Spendy-er. $2,000 more on travel per year. • Tech Savvy. Book online and value technology.
- 22. But what arethey looking for? Bruno Maia/Naturezafotos.org
- 23. The things thatyou can probably guess… • Conservation of natural resources • Protecting biodiversity • Reduction of waste • Minimizing effects on climate change Bruno Maia/Naturezafotos.org
- 24. And some youdidn’t know you knew... Authenticity Uniqueness Quality Participation Bruno Maia/Naturezafotos.org
- 25. Pros – GreenTourism Minimal impact – environment Reduce running costs Image – operations Customer loyalty Generate income - poorer sector Preservation – wildlife & natural habitats Meeting demand – sustainable travelers Promote social equality Keep tourism dollars within destinations
- 26. Cons – GreenTourism Costly Consistency Juggling Hats Keeping Up Complex Business Model Green Washing Collective Effort Lack – Qualified Local Trainers
- 27. Best Practices -Green Tourism Rivers Fiji • Ecotourism Champion – 2000 • Established lease for conservation – Upper Navua Conservation Area (UNCA) • Established – Conservation Area Management Plan • Guide training - “leave no trace” • UNCA - Fiji’s first Ramsar site • Raising Awareness – Interpretation & education – On establishments of conservation area
- 28. Best Practices -Green Tourism Air New Zealand - Reduced carbon emissions 15% - Using biofuel ground tranportation - Investment fuel-efficient aircrafts - Establishment - Air New Zealand Environment Trust - Sponsorship - environmental projects - Re-vegetate Pilot’s Beach - Preserve & develop “A Little Blue Penguin nesting habitat for growing visitors
- 29. How is sustainabletourism measured? Type of Travel Number of Visitors How much money is spent Beautification Adequate Lighting Quality of Travel Length of Stay Where the money is spent Environmental Impact Natural Lighting
- 30. What can wedo?
- 31. What can ourleaders do?
- 33. How do yougo green?
- 34. Conclusion Continuous process Monitoring impacts Preventive and/or corrective measures Tourist satisfaction Meaningful experience Awareness - sustainability issues Informed participation stakeholders Positive – Triple Bottom Line Real power for change Government pivotal role
- 35. Recommendations •Access totraining locally •Foster transfer of knowledge •Regular monitoring and evaluation •Mentoring program •Recognition Awards •“Champion” advocate initiatives •Consultations local communities •Strengthen/develop “niche” tourism segments •Hire locally •Encourage local SME - procurement Government Consistency •Corporate social responsibility • Coherent National Tourism Policies •Enforcement of current policies & regulations •Reward sustainable investments practices •Good investment climate; • Security • Regulation • Tax incentives • Finance • Infrastructure & labour SocioCulture Cost Socio-Culture •Strategic partnerships •Local procurement & hiring •Collective bulk purchasing •Energy reduction practices
- 36. “We are thefirst generation to feel the effects of climate change, and the last generation that can do something about it” President Barrack Obama, 2014 United Nations Climate Change Summit
- 37. References Fiji IntegratedCoastal Management Project, 2004, “A Checklist for Sustainable Tourism Development.” South Pacific Travel, 2007, “ South Pacific Action Strategy for Green Tourism” SOST, 2012 and 2013, Best Practice in Sustainable Tourism, Sept 2012 and June 2013. UN Environmental Program, 2012, “Green Economy for Tourism and Travel” Sustainable Tourism Partnership, 2013, “Sustainable Tourism Business for Dummies”, John Wiley 2014 MBA 439 Business Economics Presentation “Going Green”, Meli Cavu & Hanisivai Visanti. http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ http://www.boatbookings.com/images/fiji/fiji_coconut.jpg http://resources0.news.com.au/images/2011/12/22/1226228/490812-snorkel.jpg http://resources2.news.com.au/images/2013/10/08/1226734/959238-ed9a366a-19dd-11e3-b22c-8bcff1edcebd.jpg http://rodneybukuya.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/fiji-smiles.jpg http://www.sandiegozooglobal.org/images/uploads/subImage_fiji_iguanas.jp http://www.occupyforanimals.org/uploads/7/7/3/5/7735203/8451194.jpg?526 http://d3819ii77zvwic.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/huh.jpg http://www.occupyforanimals.org/earth--our-only-home.html http://www.coconutsandcoral.com/images/gallery-culture2.jpg http://www.fijitimes.com/images/artpics/197029.jpg http://econews.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/CSIRO-south-pacific-fiji-floods-460x250.jpg http://www.israeltrade.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/green.png http://dtxtq4w60xqpw.cloudfront.net/sites/all/files/images/why_tourism_matters_en.jpg http://www.waiotapu.co.nz/wp-content/uploads/icon_recycle.png http://images.cpcache.com/merchandise/514_400x400_NoPeel.jpg?region=name:FrontCenter,id:25598953,w:16 http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/z/recycle-plastic-21366757.jpg http://www.citykentgroup.co.uk/assets/templates/img/reuse_slide.png http://www.examiner.com/images/blog/EXID12791/images/teamwork2.jpg http://www.infrastructurene.ws/3s-composition/uploads/2012/11/renewable-energy1.jpg http://www.sofradir.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/environnement-1.jpg http://www.israeltrade.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/green.png http://3wordwisdom.files.wordpress.com/2013/07/lead-by-example.jpg?w=450&h=450 http://www.cnbc.com/id/46997210/page/3 http://montessori.on.ca/sites/all/images/facts_figures.jpg http://www.statista.com/graphic/1/271748/the-largest-emitters-of-co2-in-the-world.jpg http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2011/05/30/article-1392375-0C5550A500000578-675_468x275_popup.jpg http://www.statista.com/graphic/1/271748/the-largest-emitters-of-co2-in-the-world.jpg http://www.gstcouncil.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/GSTC_square-logo_small.jpg http://www.gstcouncil.org/gstc-objectives.html http://www.slideshare.net/alexandretsuk9/gstc-setting-standards-for-sustainable-tourism?related=1 http://3blmedia.com/media/images/TF_logo_H.jpg http://www.peppermillmarketing.com/office/assets/green_tick.png http://www.ausbt.com.au/photos/view/maxsize:640,480/51cd2bcbc17043e9aa9b55d7767f2254-fijiair-newuniforms-920a.jpg https://www.safeauto.com/images/default-source/page-headers/call-center.jpg?sfvrsn=2 http://madtravelshop.com/sites/madtravelshop.com/files/imagecache/image_large2/50a6e68546625_1938_staffgirls.jpg http://www.flightcentre.co.nz/global-images/blog-images/South-Pacific/fiji_beach_sunset.jpg http://uxvhj4cxeovnuyvn3fptfihzo.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Diwali-Management-Team-dressed-to-shine-on-Diwali.jpg http://gilliancallcott.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/jsw_sleepinggiant_061.jpg http://api.ning.com/filesZfkZcSjsSG7lwNFgAJ10ifVEaDxAmSw81M8IuYoD*aVFS9nyY0HLhw1uRh915Vfa*D8def6vtpJNfygg0DLtBZ0M8M7sxa7/ YIRBeach.jpgg
- 38. Acknowledgements OurLord God Almighty Professor James McMaster, Professor Management Studies Mr Meli Cavu, ONOC Medical Commission Liaison Our families
- 39. Thank you foryour time!
Editor's Notes
- #4 Course Outline Requirement: Discuss the main issues, lessons and recommendations contained in the following report. Fiji Integrated Coastal Management Project, 2004, “A Checklist for Sustainable Tourism Development.” South Pacific Travel, 2007, “ South Pacific Action Strategy for Green Tourism” SOST,2012 and 2013, Best Practice in Sustainable Tourism, Sept 2012 and June 2013. UN Environmental Program, 2012, “Green Economy for Tourism and Travel” Sustainable Tourism Partnership, 2013, “Sustainable Tourism Business for Dummies”, John Wiley
- #8 Tourism is one of the world’s fastest growing industries and an important source of foreign investment and employment for many developing countries Direct effects take place only in the industry immediately affectect Indirect effects concern inter-industry transactions Induced effects measure the effects of the changes in household income:
- #9 Tourism has the potential to contribute to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (particularly in developing and least developed countries),
- #10 Quick Fact and Estimate: Tourism is responsible for 5% of greenhouse gases International tourist arrivals by 2030 should hit the 1.8 billion mark In 2012, it was estimated that tourism contributes an estimated 5% of CO2 emissions. But, according to some scientists, the overall contribution of tourism to global warming – considering the radiative forcing of all greenhouse gases – is in the order of 5.2–12.5% The range in this estimate is primarily attributed to uncertainties regarding the role of aviation induced cirrus clouds in trapping heat. Tourist Arrivals These millions of people are already consuming and will continue to demand enormous quantities of energy, water, and other natural resources to support their tourism activities. Domestic tourists also add to this sector’s environmental footprint. Source UNWTO
- #11 Quick Fact and Estimate: Tourism contributes to an estimated 10.7% of the regions GDP in 2012 Source : World Travel & Tourism Council, Economic Impact 2013 Oceania In 2010 Tourism accounted for: 56% of Palau’s GDP 44.4% of Cook Islands GDP 34.1% of Vanuatu’s GDP 23.4% of Fiji’s GDP Source: UNESCAP, Statistical Year Book for Asia & the Pacific, 2011 In 2012 tourism accounted for 11.7% of Fiji employment , 7.6% for Kiribati, 4.8% for Tonga and 4.1% for Solomon Islands Source: The World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC)
- #13 Several buzz words…. There are many labels, but whatever you prefer to call it, the definition remains the same: low impact, environmentally-friendly tourism that cherishes, not destroys.
- #14 Green Tourism - What does it mean? In an age where concern and scientific evidence grows daily about global warming and the human race's generally adverse effects on the planet, the Green sustainable environmentally-aware tourist can only increase in number. Green Tourism is Sustainable Tourism - tourism which takes into account the needs of the environment, local residents, businesses, and visitors; now and in the future.
- #15 Human activity major contributor to climate change Tourism is energy intensive via - Air travel and it’s activities which is environmentally harmful Climate is a resource for tourism and essential ingredient in the tourism experience Eco-system dies our economy dies Climate change can cause damage to the tourist infrastructure through hurricanes and floods In short minimizing the harm, and maximizing the good at the same time achieving a positive triple bottom line.
- #16 Tourism that is truly sustainable has very important impacts for everyone. Travelers are more happy – WoM Businesses – reduce cost, new markets Destinations – positive association, new markets Governments – increased revenue, increased jobs, money stays local Residents – new jobs, money stays local, healthy destination
- #18 GSTC Objectives “In support of its mission to promote the widespread adoption of global sustainable tourism standards and to ensure the tourism industry continues to drive conservation and poverty alleviation, the GSTC maintains the following objectives” Creating Universal Principals Making Destinations Sustainable Promoting Market Access Accreditation – Helping Verify Sustainability
- #21 Video: Trailer “HOME” Home is a 2009 documentary by Yann Arthus-Bertrand. The film is entirely composed of aerial shots of various places around Earth. It shows the diversity of life on Earth and how humanity is threatening the ecological balance of the planet. Youtube link - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RoLYZf-1E8o
- #22 Green Travelers are those that specifically travel for sustainability or consider sustainability at least half of the time. “Dark Green” travelers – those on the forefront of the movement - Tech savvy – resourceful, investigative and rely on the word of mouth experience of others In addition, the climate change issue is increasingly impacting upon consumers, whose travel patterns and preferences are reflecting growing concerns about greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
- #24 These are things typically associated with sustainability by the majority of people
- #25 Sustainable tourism goes beyond being obsessed with recycling and living in a treehouse. High quality tourism that embraces the uniqueness of the destination, creates an authentic experience, and encourages interaction with the place and its people is also sustainable. So, being a sustainable business is not JUST about the environment, being crunchy… but it’s about being a GOOD business and providing GOOD opportunities to clientele
- #26 It has consideration for the natural environment minimising the impact on the environment. Minimizing energy waste and water resources used as well as celebrating positive aspects of our culture and ecology. Involves identifying cost saving through resource efficiency such as energy, water efficiency and waste management etc Promote yourself as a credible sustainable choice for customers improving image of your operation through reducing environment impact of your business Ecotourism directs economic and other benefits the local people by providing them employment and enhances cultural integrity of the local people Ensures that natural resources are conserved and managed properly so that they could be saved for the future generations Meeting the demands of sustainable travelers
- #27 Cons Costs - Some green alternatives like environment-friendly toiletries, wood furniture and organic materials cost more than non-green products. Initial green costs are high. A green business is still a business and just like any other business it must still pay rent, make payroll, figure out marketing and branding strategies and so on. Consistency – the challenge of staying green Keeping up – keeping ahead of the competition in new green technologies can be quite challenging at times. Complex-business model – it’s hard enough focusing on one bottom line: profits. Try focusing on 3. Juggling Hats – Most green business owners are traditional business people OR environmentalists, but rarely both. To thrive as a green business owner, you must be great at both. Play by same rules…For Now - Some green business owners are will come expect people will come flocking to see their product or service because of how green it is. They usually are in for a rude awakening – if their product/service does not compete on the traditional business components of functionality, quality, fashion and/or price it will not succeed. Guaranteed. This may change, but not yet. Green washing: Some businesses claim to be green but do not really carry out green practices all the way. They associate themselves with “Green” solely for the purpose of making profits. Collective Effort – When not all are committed, green businesses will not succeed.
- #28 An awarding-winning tour operator, began exploration of Fiji in 1993 for ecotourism white-water rafting and kayaking related trips. Through selection of exciting trips, company provides unique opportunities to experience remote highland villages, tropical forests and surrounding coral reefs. Company strives to help promote sustainable tourism & responsible travel worldwide. Designated a conservation corridor 18km long to protect Upper Navua River canyon & surrounding natural environment as well as cultural sites found within its borders. An initiative to minimize impacts caused by human activities on the health of the surrounding ecosystem. As a result, UNCA protects the freshwater supply & associated critical habitat necessary for the sustained health of the surrounding communities Contributes to community welfare Empowerment within local communities through employment & education Supports local tourism & conservation associations
- #29 Achieved great accomplishments in its efforts to become the lead in environmental sustainability of airline industry & its commitment to help country in maintaining its international “clean & green” image To support NZ with its conservation projects of biodiversity, the airline established the ANZ Environment Trust to support biodiversity conservation projects in NZ For community & culture, ANZ sponsors projects of environmental education to help kids understand importance & to project cultural heritage of Maori
- #30 There is no ‘one-fits-all’ solution to do so. Tourism as an industry has a fairly common set of indicators it uses Sustainable tourism goes one step further to look at impacts Using these indicators whether building a business or a destination promotes healthier more long-term success that isn’t victim to economic trends or fads Monitoring progress towards sustainability involves taking measurements of environmental, social and economic conditions using selected indicators and baseline criteria. Many organizations have attempted to establish criteria and indicators in tourism. In this report, the conceptual and operational framework for sustainability in tourism business is based on the Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria (GSTC). This initiative was developed as part of a broad initiative managed by The Partnership for Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria (GSTC Partnership), a coalition of over 80 organizations working together to foster increased understanding of sustainable tourism practices and the adoption of sustainable tourism standards.3 The Partnership was initiated by the Rainforest Alliance, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the United Nations Foundation, and the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). The Criteria are now hosted by the Global Sustainable Tourism Council, established in August 2010. A group of key variables based on the GSTC are used for the analysis of the “greening” of tourism and adopted throughout this supporting background technical report. The movement toward more sustainable tourism implies significant changes in the performance of conventional tourism, as well as growth and improvements in smaller niche areas centred on natural, cultural and community resources. The growth of the latter, as a proportion of the industry as a whole, may have proportionately higher positive effects on biodiversity conservation and rural poverty reduction; whereas the greening of conventional and mass tourism is likely to have its largest effects on resource use and management, as well as on increased economic spillovers and inclusion of disadvantaged populations. 52% cruise ships 43% road transport 42% for air travel 2% for sea transport 1% for rail transport
- #31 Businesses use up an enormous amount of energy, collect an enormous amount of waste and use a tremendous amount or water. An effective way to “Go Green” is to use the 4Rs of Re-thinking, Reducing, Re-using and Recycling in the major areas of sustainable operations. Energy conservation Water conservation Solid waste management Hazardous waste management Indoor air quality Community outreach Building infrastructure Land use
- #33 Video: Leonardo DiCaprio (UN Messenger of Peace) at the opening of Climate Summit 2014, 23 September New York Youtube link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vTyLSr_VCcg
- #34 Plan Green Lead by Example Appoint a “Green” Champion 4. Reduce/Recycle Paper Forty percent of what you discard at work is paper. Implement a paperless policy and print documents only when absolutely necessary. Buy long-lasting, durable products and buy in bulk to reduce packaging. 5. Conserve Water. Install low-flow water spigots and reduce the amount of water that toilets, showers, and sinks use. Check the water meter daily to identify possible leaks. 6. Recycle. Institute a recycling system for all kinds of materials, including paper, plastics, glass, metals, and cardboard. This will benefit the environment and reduce the cost of trash removal. Buy products made from recycled materials and add signs and bins in high traffic areas to encourage employees and guests to recycle. 7. Conserve Energy Switch to LED (Light Emitting Diode) lighting to reduce electricity use. Changing just one light bulb can reduce energy use by 75 percent and prevent 450 pounds of carbon dioxide emissions. Implement an energy management system and practices to reduce energy use. Use a programmable or sensor-controlled occupancy thermostat in guest rooms. Use sensors for outside lighting or infrequently used areas Use key cards for room power supply. 8. Reuse. Use linens rather than paper wherever possible in guest rooms, restaurants, and employee workrooms. Use grey water to water plants and Place a water cooler in the employee workroom to minimize the use of bottled water. 9. Support Local Markets. Whether shopping for furniture, office supplies, or food, seek local markets first. This will strengthen the economic base of the community and reduce the environmental and financial costs of shipping products. 10. Encourage Employee Involvement. Encourage employees to take part in green practices at work and home. They could implement a carpool schedule, bring their recycling from home to work and become more energy conscious. Provide educational seminars for employees to understand how they have an impact on the environment. 11. Create a Green Environment. Use non-toxic cleaners to help decrease environmental impacts Decorate with plants Use natural light to eliminate indoor pollution
- #35 Achieving sustainable tourism is a continuous process and it requires constant monitoring of impacts. Introducing the necessary preventive and/or corrective measures whenever necessary. Sustainable tourism should also maintain a high level of tourist satisfaction and ensure a meaningful experience to the tourists, raising their awareness about sustainability issues and promoting sustainable tourism practices amongst them. Sustainable tourism development requires the: informed participation of all relevant stakeholders strong political leadership to ensure wide participation and consensus building. When done correctly it can do all sorts of things that are ultimately beneficial for the tourism industry & travelers
- #37 We can together Small steps or big ones but steps forward