The study examined how specific emotions like fear, happiness, and anxiety affect intertemporal decision making. In one study, participants induced with happiness favored immediate smaller rewards and delayed larger losses, while those induced with fear favored delayed larger rewards and immediate smaller losses. A second study found that participants with high trait anxiety chose fewer immediate smaller rewards than those with low trait anxiety when anxious. The results supported that happiness activates approach motivation while fear and anxiety activate avoidance motivation in intertemporal decision making.