Final english presentation sahara
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The document summarizes research from MIT into the climate history of the Sahara desert over the past 5000 years. The researchers found that the Sahara transformed into its current arid state around 4900 years ago, and that dust levels in marine sediments correlate to the desert's aridity. Specifically, dust levels were five times lower 7000 years ago compared to the last 2000 years. The conclusion is that the Sahara changed rapidly in the past, and that studying this history can help understand and predict current climate change.
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Between 9,000 and 6,000 years ago, the Sahara desert experienced wet and rainy conditions, supporting abundant life. Rivers and lakes formed due to the climate changes, allowing vegetation to thrive and supporting populations of animals like crocodiles, elephants, and fish. Human civilizations developed during this "Green Sahara" period, using the rivers for transportation and developing skills like cooking, pottery-making, and cave painting. Then around 6,000 years ago, the climate shifted back to arid conditions, and the desert that exists today re-formed in the Sahara region of northern Africa.
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Presentation Sahara
6000 years ago, the Sahara Desert extended much further south than it does today. Between 10,500 and 7,300 years ago, monsoon rains transformed the region into a habitable area with vegetation and human settlements. However, retreating rains after 7,300 years initiated desertification, forcing humans to retreat to remaining areas. The current Sahara formed after rains stopped 5,500 years ago, coinciding with populations moving to the Nile Valley and the rise of ancient Egypt. Changes in the Earth's orbital tilt caused these shifts in rainfall patterns over thousands of years.
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The document provides instructions for students to title the next page in their binder with the presentation title, sketch a small illustration of Africa, and wait for the slide to change before completing notes and a Google Docs quiz by the due date.
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The document describes 10 of the most fascinating deserts in the world, including:
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Magma is hot liquid rock under the Earth's surface that becomes lava when it emerges from a volcano. Hawaii is moving towards Japan at a rate of 10 centimeters per year due to being on different tectonic plates. The Sahara desert covers about one third of Africa and is the world's largest desert. The Nile River is the longest river on Earth, stretching over 6,696 kilometers. Mount Everest is the highest mountain with a peak over 8,848 meters above sea level.
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Sahara thousands years ago
Between 9,000 and 6,000 years ago, the Sahara desert experienced wet and rainy conditions, forming a "Green Sahara". Evidence from sediments and cave paintings show rivers, lakes, and fertile land supported diverse wildlife and human civilizations. After 2,000 years, drier conditions returned and the desert formed. Computer models suggest human-driven climate change could cause future expansion of Sahara vegetation, but human activity in the region may prevent a full return to former "green" conditions.
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The Sahara desert is located in northern Africa and stretches across much of the continent. It is the largest hot desert in the world. For many years, the harsh conditions of the Sahara limited travel and human settlement within Africa. The desert contains different landforms like plains, plateaus, mountains and sand dunes that can reach heights of 1,000 feet. It has a hot climate with average temperatures over 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Only around 2.5 million people live in the desert today, concentrated near oases where irrigation allows for limited agriculture. Transportation is also difficult, relying on trucks along old trade routes or all-terrain vehicles elsewhere. The Sahara remains a significant barrier to human habitation and movement across Africa.
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The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world and experiences an extremely harsh climate with little to no rainfall. Wildlife has adapted to the hyperarid conditions through features like sparse vegetation and populations concentrated near oases. Around 2 million people live in the Sahara, some permanently near water sources and some nomadically. The Sahara contains wonders like expansive dune fields, rivers, and ruins of ancient cultures, and is expected to transform from a desert back to a green landscape in approximately 15,000 years.
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Africa contains many diverse landforms including the Sahara Desert, the largest hot desert in the world. The Great Rift Valley is approximately 3,700 miles long running through East Africa and contains some of the deepest lakes in Africa. Mount Kilimanjaro is the tallest mountain in Africa and its glaciers are diminishing rapidly. Major rivers include the Nile River, the longest river in the world, and the Congo River, which flows through the second largest rainforest in the world.
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This document provides information about the major physical features of Africa, including deserts, rivers, lakes, and biomes. It notes that the Sahara is the world's largest hot desert, while the Kalahari and Sahel are also significant deserts. Major rivers discussed include the Nile, which flows north, the Congo, and Niger. Large lakes include Victoria, the largest in Africa, and Tanganyika. The document also describes the tropical rainforest and savanna biomes, which cover large portions of Africa and influence the wildlife and human activities. Mountain ranges mentioned are the Atlas Mountains.
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The document discusses biotic pumps in the Sahara desert. It begins with context on the Sahara desert climate and water cycle, receiving little rainfall annually that evaporates before condensing. It then defines biotic pumps as a mechanism for transporting water vapor from low to high evaporation areas. The problematic section notes the lack of soil moisture and negligible evaporation from the bare ground in deserts prevents the operation of biotic pumps.
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This document summarizes key characteristics of different regions in Africa and how they impact population distribution. It describes the Sahara desert where nomadic tribes travel between oases, the Sahel region along the Sahara's border where rainfall is unpredictable and people herd animals, and the savanna grasslands inhabited by wildlife and threatened by human activities. It also discusses the Congo rainforest that was cleared by Europeans but is now endangered primarily by growing human populations.
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Final english presentation sahara
- 1. Maquinghen Arnaud Teacher : Chris Yukna SAHARA 5000 YEARS AGO 1
- 2. TODAY Without external water Day : 50°C Night : -10°C More than 1 million tonne of dust particles 2
- 3. MIT SEARCHING Sahara transformate to its current state 4900 years ago. MIT’s research : quantity of dust and the aridity are proportionnal Studying Algeria, Mauritania and Senegal 3
- 4. USING MARINE SEDIMENTS Quantifying the number of mineral particles of ground origin present in marine sediments. 4
- 5. STORY OF SAHARA DURING HOLOCENE Wet period : 11800 to 5800 years ago Dust particles 7000 years ago was 5 time lower than those last 2000 years. Oceanic slope of north Africa Uranium-thorium method 5
- 6. SAHARA MORE THAN 5000 YEARS AGO Sahara was covered with meadows and not with savannas or with deserts as today 6
- 7. CONCLUSION Sahara changed quickly This method can help us to understand and predict our current climate-change. 7
- 8. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION Question ? 8