2. INTRODUCTION:
A Portable Potable Purifier (PPP) is an innovative design which
can purify water from a common Municipal Water Tap and can
give you water which matches in taste and purity with water
purified By Conventional Water purifiers at home. Hence, you
may find your taste of water on the go. Just you need is Tap
Water, which could be purified to purity of your satisfaction while
you travel across the globe, whether the region is Rural or Urban.

3. MOTIVATION:
The motivation for the concept and product draws me back to Jammu-
Kashmir Highway (NH1). My friend suffered from two days of Diahorrea,
because he drank water from a local Dhaba, who gave water from the
municipal Tap, stating water is purer in their locality than our home based
water purifiers. While travelling on the way to college last summers, we faced
acute potable water shortage. We had to buy 10-15 Litres of Branded Water
bottles for duration of 6-7 hours; whereby I thought of a device that could do
the job at a lesser cost and guarantee a suitable solution to Water-borne
health ailments.

4. COMPONENT/ CONCEPT BEHIND THE WORK
The concept behind the work draws itself to Nanotechnology, Membrane Technology
and Material Sciences. Recent developments in these branches have resulted in
Hollow Cylindrical Ultra Filtration Membranes, which require a pressure of 2-3 psi
across themselves to purify the Municipal tap water. The UF Membrane of a Micro
Scale pore size (0.01-0.1 micrometres) has selective function filtering unwanted
chemicals and micro organism including algae, bacteria, fungi, cyst etc.
Such pressures could easily be produced by itself some applied forces combined with
the force of Weight of the water to be purified, hence, we present, a Portable
Potable Purifier (PPP).

6. Details of the work:
The designed equipment is a model with these components:
A Water Collector: The water collector is a unit for collecting impure water. It collects 1 Litre of Municipal
Tap Water which needs to be purifies to an optimum range.
•A Pressurizing Unit: The pressurising Unit pressures the Water collected in water collector to 2-10 psi.
The pressure works on manual force applied on the top of it.
•A Water Treatment Unit: The water Treatment unit consists of three sub- units namely, a Micro Filter, a
U/F Membrane and a Activated Carbon Bed.
A Micro-Sediment Filter filters out the various physical impurities like sand, mud,
dust and pollen. Hence, it acts as first line of Barrier.
A U/F Membrane: An Ultra Filtration Membrane removes the present Bacterial
and Microbial Impurities. The UF Membrane of a Micro Scale pore size (0.01-0.1
micrometres) has selective function filtering unwanted chemicals and micro
organism including algae, bacteria, fungi, cyst etc.
Activated Carbon Filter: Activated Carbon is a proven technology for the
removal of naturally occurring organics and natural Disinfectants. Designing an
activated carbon filtration system needs to take into account the effluent quality
and operating parameters.
•Purified Water Collector: A purified water collector collects the water after it is purified by the
purification unit. It provides an end tap which delivers pure water to a water outlet.

8. APPLICATIONS:
•The apparatus may tackle one of the biggest problems of the
century, “Water Treatment and Management”. Since, the apparatus
operates without availability of Electricity; it finds vivid application in
vital sectors of Water Management and managing Water-borne
diseases.
•Being Compact in size (equivalent to a 2 Litre Water Bottle weighing
roughly 850 grams), it can be easily transported to any place, from a
Rural Homeland to an Urban Territory.
•Small on Pocket: It can purify 1000 Litres of water for a cost of Rs
400, upto a purity which is potent enough to drink, which costs to
400/1000 equivalent to 40 paisa for each litre of water.

9. CHALLANGES:
The PPP U/F Membrane Technology solves the problem of Water
borne diseases including Diahorrea, Jaundice, etc. Many tourists gain
influence of the harmful Bacteria, Viruses, Protozoa and various
Diseases causing polymeric, organic and non-organic Species. The
PPP is a direct solution to this tourist problem.
Moreover, in very remote areas, where traditional Water Purifiers
may not find their roots, the PPP being smaller in size, not requiring
any electricity and lighter on pocket; would find a place in every such
rural household.
Hence, this equipment would help in greatly defending against the
problem of Water Borne diseases.

10. FUTURE SCOPE
I see the future scope of PPP as a product for each household and
every traveller across the world. Everyone would have the access to
clean and purified water.
With advancement in Technology in fields of Membrane & Material
Science and Nanotechnology, such membranes would decrease
further in size, reducing the size of our equipment and thus making it
more handy and comfortable to carry.
Presently, the U/F Membrane requires a pressure gradient of 2-3 psi
(for tap water), such membranes would be designed in near future
which does the same treatment with lesser applied pressures.
Further, Research and Development in field of Membrane Technology
would result in better life and efficiency of Membranes whereby;
methodology to inhibit fouling of such membranes would be devised
and implemented.
Hence, the PPP has a great potent in future if we invest on this
technology presently and aim on improving the innovation as the
time progresses.