Digital graphics can be either raster or vector graphics. Raster graphics use bitmaps made of pixels to represent images, while vector graphics use paths defined by points and curves. Common raster formats include JPEG, TIFF, GIF and BMP, which are used for photos, publishing, web animations, and uncompressed images respectively. Vector formats include AI, PSD, and WMF, used for logos, image editing, and scalable graphics. Images can be captured with scanners, cameras, and tablets, then optimized for web by reducing size, depth, and resolution and compressing files.

2. Digital Graphics
0 There are two main types of Digital Graphics
0 Raster
0 Vector
0 Raster Graphics are made up of Bitmaps
0 Vector Graphics are made up of Vectors/Paths

3. Bitmaps
0 Raster graphics are made up of bitmaps
0 Bitmaps are a graphic made up of pixels.
Each pixel/bit records the colour
information of that section of the image.
0 Bitmapped images have a fixed
resolution (like when we set Photoshop
to 300dpi) which means resizing can
result in distortion

4. Bitmaps
0 When a camera mentions
megapixels, its relating to how many
million pixels/bits it separates the
picture into.
0 14 Megapixels = 14,000,000 pixels
0 Separates the image into millions of
little squares and records what
colour that part of the image should
be
0 That’s why when you get a picture
off the internet and it goes pixelated
is because its been compressed into
less megapixels

5. Vectors
0Vector graphics are made up of Vectors (also
known as paths and strokes)
0Vectors/paths are defined by a start and an end
points, with curves, points and angles between
them
0From this information the path can become a
line, a square, a triangle, or a curvy shape.

6. Vectors
0 Can be scaled big and small as Vectors have no loss in
definition.
0 Perfect for company logos- can be small on business card
or huge on a billboard

8. Raster Graphics
0 JPEG
0 Joint Photographic Experts
Group
0 Photographs and Web
formats
0 Photographs on Facebook
are saved as JPEG
0 Loses quality with multiple
edits due to compression
and recompression each
time edited

9. Raster Graphics
0 TIFF
0 Tagged Image File Format
0 Desktop Publishing
(popular with graphic
designers)
0 Adobe InDesign documents
saved as TIFFs can save
multi-page documents to a
single TIFF file
0 TIFF have the option of
Lossless compression;
doesn’t lose any quality
due to compression

10. Raster Graphics
0 GIF
0 Graphics Interchange Format
0 Used for short digital
animations, often on the
internet
0 A series of images played one
after another in a loop to create
the appearance of a video

11. Raster Graphics
0 BMP
0 Bitmap image file
0 Similar to TIFF and JPEG
0 No loss in compression
0 Has a large file size

12. Vector Graphics
0 PSD
0 Photoshop Document
0 Image Manipulation
0 Front cover images for
magazines
0 Saves layers, page formatting
information, swatches etc
0 Supports transparency

13. Vector Graphics
0 AI
0 Adobe Illustrator Art
0 Logos creation
0 Graphics to represent a
company (logos)
0 Can be scaled big and
small as Vectors have no
loss in definition.

14. Vector Graphics
0 FLA
0Flash File
0Used to create animation
and games
0Can produce high quality
files with a small file size
0Can include sound and
video

15. Vector Graphics
0 WMF
0 Windows Metafile
0 Similar to AI files
0 Used for logos
0 Can be scaled big and small as
Vectors have no loss in
definition.
0 Can contain both vector and
bitmap components

16. Compression
0 Lossy compression is the way in which files sizes
are reduced by reducing the amount of
information that is saved.
0 Images become more pixelated as they are
compressed as they save smaller amounts of
coloured squares each time
Low compression
Medium compression
High compression

17. Image Capture
0 Graphics can be captured in a variety
of ways
0 Scanner
0You can digitise physical images like
sketches, physical photos or mixed
media products
0 Digital Camera
0Taking pictures
0 Tablet
0A piece of technology that allows you to
control the mouse like a pen, allowing
for enhanced control of
drawing/selection/digital handwriting

18. Optimising
0 Images that are uploaded to the internet are optimised to ensure
easy viewing on the web.
0 Images that are not optimised normally have a large file size, leading
downloads to take a lot longer.
0 The larger the file size (pixel information) the longer images take to
download.
0 Images should not be more than 500 pixels wide.
0 You can optimise for web my changing “Image Size” in Photoshop.

19. Optimising
0 Images can be optimised by:
0 Reducing image size
0 Reducing bit depth
0Bit depth refers to the amount of “bits”
used regarding the colour of individual
pixels
0 Reducing resolution
0The amount of pixels within the image
0 Compressing images
8 bits (256 colours)
4 bits (16 colours)
2 bits (4 colours)

20. Task
0 You need to;
0 Complete the Digital Graphics Pro-Forma
0 Research each file format listed and describe in detail the
features of the format
0 Name
0 What the name stands for
0 What the format is used for
0 The advantages of using the format
0 The disadvantages of using the format
0 Link what you are discussing to specific industry examples
(where are JPEGs used in the media? etc)
0 Include images to help illustrate your examples.
0 Discuss compression, capture, optimising, storage