Malaria is a major public health concern in Malawi, especially among pregnant women and children under 5. It is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the country, accounting for one-third of outpatient visits. The government and organizations like USAID and PMI are working to reduce the burden of malaria through initiatives like indoor residual spraying, distribution of long-lasting insecticide treated bed nets, and improved access to artemisinin-based combination therapy. These efforts have led to a 44% reduction in anemia rates among children in some areas. However, more funding is still needed to fully address the issue of malaria in one of the poorest countries in the world.
Malaria Control & the RTS,S Vaccine-under-trial: Matters Arising by Dr. IdokokoAbraham Idokoko
A seminar lecture in the Department of Community Health & Primary Care, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idiaraba, Nigeria on Thursday, June 14th, 2012.
Malaria Control & the RTS,S Vaccine-under-trial: Matters Arising by Dr. IdokokoAbraham Idokoko
A seminar lecture in the Department of Community Health & Primary Care, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idiaraba, Nigeria on Thursday, June 14th, 2012.
Statistical analysis on household factors influencing annual episodes of malariacimran15
Malaria is responsible for about 66 per cent of all clinic visits in Nigeria. It accounts for 25% of under-5 mortality, 30% childhood mortality and 11% maternal mortality. At least 50% of the population will have at least one episode of malaria annually. Moreover, environment dictates the incidence and prevalence of diseases all over the world and if timely action is not taken, it may lead to diseases. Three (3) out of six (6) major towns in Ido local government area are considered and accumulated one hundred and ninety one (191) individuals as respondents using haphazard non probability sampling technique for selection. The obtained data through questionnaire was presented on frequency table and charts while inferential statistics were analysed using dummy variables in regression. It was revealed that majority of the respondents suffered from one or more incidences of malaria in a year, where female had the higher percentage of the incidence and there was high incidence of malaria among the adult ages 30years and above. The qualitative predictor variable in regression analysis revealed significant relationship between annual episode of malaria and number of members of household, toilet type, absent ceiling, building type, disposable site and source of domestic water. The ANOVA, F – test was significant for all predicted factors. Conclusively, in the view of the discovery, it was therefore recommended that people need awareness on densely populated area / household are more prone to experience more episodes of malaria incidence than sparsely populated one, encouragement on utilization of closed domestic water system instead of open system to avoid reservoir for mosquito, enlightenment on type toilet used and avoid absence ceiling to prevent being a breeding site for mosquitoes, government to stage more campaign against malaria especially for adult not for children under 5year alone and create a task force officer/ sanitary inspectors to checkmate sanitation of our environment to avoid unkempt toilet habit which serves as breeding site for mosquitoes.
Malaria history in Sri Lanka has many milestones. There was a period when thousands of people died due to malaria. At that time, Sri Lanka started official malaria control program and achieved almost eradication in 1960.
Malaria epidemiology and malariometric measuresKrishnaSingh419
describes data from 2019 regarding malaria and various important malariometric measures
This presentation is a concise notes taken from PARK textbook and can help in PSM exams
Presentation made by Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the meeting "Health in Action reforming the Greek National Health System to Improve Citizens’ Health", on 5 March 2014, Athens, Greece.
SEIR Model and Simulation for Controlling Malaria Diseases Transmission witho...ijtsrd
In this study we have develop a basic deterministic mathematical model to investigate SEIR Model and Simulation for controlling malaria Diseases Transmission without Intervention Strategies. The model has seven non linear differential equations which describe the spread of malaria with three state variables for mosquitoes populations and four state variables for humans population and to introduce the model without intervention strategies. The models are analyzed qualitatively to determine criteria for control of a malaria transmission, and are used to calculate the basic reproduction R 0. The equilibria of malaria models are determined. In addition to having a disease free equilibrium, which is locally asymptotically stable when the R 0 1, the basic malaria model manifest ones possession of a quality of the phenomenon of backward bifurcation where a stable disease free equilibrium co exists at the same time with a stable endemic equilibrium for a certain range of associated reproduction number less than one. The results also designing the effects of some model parameters, the infection rate and biting rate. The numerical analysis and numerical simulation results of the model suggested that the most effective strategies for controlling or eradicating the spread of malaria were suggest to use insecticide treated bed nets, indoor residual spraying, prompt effective diagnosis and treatment of infected individuals. Fekadu Tadege Kobe "SEIR Model and Simulation for Controlling Malaria Diseases Transmission without Intervention Strategies" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25235.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/applied-mathamatics/25235/seir-model-and-simulation-for-controlling-malaria-diseases-transmission-without-intervention-strategies/fekadu-tadege-kobe
Statistical analysis on household factors influencing annual episodes of malariacimran15
Malaria is responsible for about 66 per cent of all clinic visits in Nigeria. It accounts for 25% of under-5 mortality, 30% childhood mortality and 11% maternal mortality. At least 50% of the population will have at least one episode of malaria annually. Moreover, environment dictates the incidence and prevalence of diseases all over the world and if timely action is not taken, it may lead to diseases. Three (3) out of six (6) major towns in Ido local government area are considered and accumulated one hundred and ninety one (191) individuals as respondents using haphazard non probability sampling technique for selection. The obtained data through questionnaire was presented on frequency table and charts while inferential statistics were analysed using dummy variables in regression. It was revealed that majority of the respondents suffered from one or more incidences of malaria in a year, where female had the higher percentage of the incidence and there was high incidence of malaria among the adult ages 30years and above. The qualitative predictor variable in regression analysis revealed significant relationship between annual episode of malaria and number of members of household, toilet type, absent ceiling, building type, disposable site and source of domestic water. The ANOVA, F – test was significant for all predicted factors. Conclusively, in the view of the discovery, it was therefore recommended that people need awareness on densely populated area / household are more prone to experience more episodes of malaria incidence than sparsely populated one, encouragement on utilization of closed domestic water system instead of open system to avoid reservoir for mosquito, enlightenment on type toilet used and avoid absence ceiling to prevent being a breeding site for mosquitoes, government to stage more campaign against malaria especially for adult not for children under 5year alone and create a task force officer/ sanitary inspectors to checkmate sanitation of our environment to avoid unkempt toilet habit which serves as breeding site for mosquitoes.
Malaria history in Sri Lanka has many milestones. There was a period when thousands of people died due to malaria. At that time, Sri Lanka started official malaria control program and achieved almost eradication in 1960.
Malaria epidemiology and malariometric measuresKrishnaSingh419
describes data from 2019 regarding malaria and various important malariometric measures
This presentation is a concise notes taken from PARK textbook and can help in PSM exams
Presentation made by Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the meeting "Health in Action reforming the Greek National Health System to Improve Citizens’ Health", on 5 March 2014, Athens, Greece.
SEIR Model and Simulation for Controlling Malaria Diseases Transmission witho...ijtsrd
In this study we have develop a basic deterministic mathematical model to investigate SEIR Model and Simulation for controlling malaria Diseases Transmission without Intervention Strategies. The model has seven non linear differential equations which describe the spread of malaria with three state variables for mosquitoes populations and four state variables for humans population and to introduce the model without intervention strategies. The models are analyzed qualitatively to determine criteria for control of a malaria transmission, and are used to calculate the basic reproduction R 0. The equilibria of malaria models are determined. In addition to having a disease free equilibrium, which is locally asymptotically stable when the R 0 1, the basic malaria model manifest ones possession of a quality of the phenomenon of backward bifurcation where a stable disease free equilibrium co exists at the same time with a stable endemic equilibrium for a certain range of associated reproduction number less than one. The results also designing the effects of some model parameters, the infection rate and biting rate. The numerical analysis and numerical simulation results of the model suggested that the most effective strategies for controlling or eradicating the spread of malaria were suggest to use insecticide treated bed nets, indoor residual spraying, prompt effective diagnosis and treatment of infected individuals. Fekadu Tadege Kobe "SEIR Model and Simulation for Controlling Malaria Diseases Transmission without Intervention Strategies" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25235.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/applied-mathamatics/25235/seir-model-and-simulation-for-controlling-malaria-diseases-transmission-without-intervention-strategies/fekadu-tadege-kobe
KCR features in the newest Pharma Voice, June 2017, top industry publication. Andrzej Piotrowski, MD, Ph.D., Medical Monitor at KCR, commented on malaria treatment and research.
How Africa turned AIDS around By Michel Sidibé Celebrating 50 Years of Africa...Dr Lendy Spires
Michel Sidibé Executive Director UNAIDS At the May 2013 African Union Summit celebrating the 50 years of African unity, a new commission will be launched to explore HIV and global health in the post-2015 debate. “The UNAIDS and Lancet commission: from AIDS to sustainable health” will be co-chaired by Malawi President Joyce Banda, African Union Commission Chairperson Nkosazana Dlamini Zuma and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Director Peter Piot.
The pace of progress is quickening in Africa. Nowhere have we seen this more clearly than in the AIDS response. Fewer people are dying from AIDS. The number of HIV infections is coming down, with young Africans leading the prevention revolution. There is true hope that in a matter of years, Africa will reach an AIDS-free generation. It has taken a massive shift in how we work together. It has required leaders to show immense courage, passion and action from all sectors. It has taken a united Africa. I am not saying it has been easy— but it has happened. We have a shared vision of zero new HIV infections, zero discrimination and zero AIDS-related deaths.
And today there is an African Union endorsement of a new Roadmap to accelerate progress in HIV, Tuberculosis and Malaria—through shared responsibility and global solidarity. Given the extraordinary history of the AIDS response in Africa—in terms of both galvanizing political support and mobilizing resources and communities—the Roadmap sees AIDS as a pathfinder for tuberculosis, malaria and other diseases affecting the continent that require African-sourced solutions. Leadership, it turns out, was that elusive magic bullet. It is the “disruptive innovation” that has irrevocably changed the course of AIDS and now can do even more. As we look to our future goals, I am confident that African leadership can be UNAIDS | Special report with vision and action we can change the world
Malaria status & challenges of the epidemicGreenFacts
Malaria is one of the most common infectious diseases and a great public health problem worldwide. About one million people die each year from malaria, and half of the world's population lives in areas where there is a risk of getting the disease through the bites of infected mosquitoes.
What is being done to control the spread of malaria? Can the disease be eradicated?
Modeling the Consequence of Multi Intervention Campaigns for the Spread of Ma...ijtsrd
This paper proposes and analyses a basic deterministic mathematical model to investigate Simulation for controlling malaria Diseases Transmission dynamics. The model has nine non linear differential equations which describe the control of malaria with two state variables for mosquitoes populations and five state variables for humans population and to introduce the new SPITR model for the transmission dynamics of malaria with four time dependent control measures in Ethiopia Insecticide treated bed nets ITNS , Treatments, Indoor Residual Spray IRs and Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy IPTP . The models are analyzed qualitatively to determine criteria for control of a malaria transmission dynamics, and are used to calculate the basic reproductionR 0. The equilibria of malaria models are determined. In addition to having a disease free equilibrium, which is globally asymptotically stable when the R 0 1, the basic malaria model manifest ones possession of a quality of the phenomenon of backward bifurcation where a stable disease free equilibrium co exists at the same time with a stable endemic equilibrium for a certain range of associated reproduction number less than one. The results also designing the effects of some model parameters, the infection rate and biting rate. The numerical analysis and numerical simulation results of the model suggested that the most effective strategies for controlling or eradicating the spread of malaria were suggest using insecticide treated bed nets, indoor residual spraying, prompt effective diagnosis and treatment of infected individuals with vaccination is more effective for children. Fekadu Tadege Kobe | Tigabu Abera Nune | Nuriye Hakima Kadiso "Modeling the Consequence of Multi-Intervention Campaigns for the Spread of Malaria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33048.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/applied-mathamatics/33048/modeling-the-consequence-of-multiintervention-campaigns-for-the-spread-of-malaria/fekadu-tadege-kobe
A Review on International Donor Agencies and the Control of Malaria in Nigeri...AJHSSR Journal
The study has examined the role of International Donor Agencies in the control of malaria in
Nigeria. The study becomes necessary because of the increase in cases of malaria and high rate of infant
mortality in the country. The role of donor agencies, national and state ministries of health is very important in
reducing these challenges in Nigeria. The study reviewed available secondary information sources. The study
revealed that the role of International donor agencies includes supporting the State Governments with funds,
provision of free mosquito treated nets, provision of subsidized drugs, provision of vaccines for childhood killer
diseases etc. Some of the challenge affecting donor agencies includes diversion of funds of by relevant bodies
for personal use, lack of political will to implement programme, cultural and religious beliefs about sickness and
illness etc. Based on these, some recommendations were made on the fights against malaria which includes
improved funding by government, zero tolerance to corruption, recruitment of more health personnel,
establishments of more primary health centres especially in the rural areas.
Knowledge of the Implementation of the Malaria Control Program in Four Health...YogeshIJTSRD
Malaria is one of the oldest diseases of mankind and has been the greatest scourge and killer of all times. Djam Chefor Alain | Ndale Wozerou Nghonjuyi | Njem Peter Kindong "Knowledge of the Implementation of the Malaria Control Program in Four Health Districts in Yaounde, Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38668.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/38668/knowledge-of-the-implementation-of-the-malaria-control-program-in-four-health-districts-in-yaounde-cameroon/djam-chefor-alain
Coconut Surveillance is a mobile disease surveillance and rapid response system. It has been used for more than two years by the Zanzibar Malaria Elimination Programme. This presentation provides a brief overview of the system, results, and potential for scale up.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2. Profile of Malawi Malawi is one of the 20 poorest countries in the world. More than half of its people survive on less than a dollar a day, and the average Malawian lives only 37 years due to HIV/AIDS, malaria, and malnutrition.
3. Malaria in Malawi Malaria is a major public health concern in Malawi, especially among pregnant women and children under the age of five. It is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Malawi, accounting for one-third of all outpatient visits and more than a third of visits among children under five years old. The type of malaria most common in Malawi (plasmodium falciparum) can lead to death ;however, the most severe cases are typically limited to those who are not immune or have low immunity. People most at risk are children from age three months, who no longer have the immunity transferred from their mother, to about the age of five years when they have developed their own immunity. Also at particular risk are pregnant women because their natural immunity is reduced. Pregnant women are four times more likely to suffer from complications of malaria than nonpregnant women. Malaria is a cause of pregnancy loss, low birth weight, and neonatal mortality (Jamison et al, 1993).
4. Malaria in Malawi attacks children more than any other group Children at Lake Malawi, an area with a high rate of malaria (used courtesy of ONE.org)
5. Malaria and Pregnant Women Malaria is common in Southern Africa (40% of all deaths in hospitals are malaria-related) and a high risk for pregnant women. Contracting malaria weakens the health of both the mother and child, and may lead to premature birth or even miscarriage. Statistics from USAID, 2009 (images courtesy of ONE.org)
6. The Neglected Disease "Malaria is unusual in that it has been neglected by the scientific community," says Dr Fred MacInnes, a retired Canadian pathologist who is one of several overseas medical specialists who travel each malaria season to Queens Hospital in Malawi. "It was the number one killer in the world until HIV came along, but there has never been much political will. It's not sexy, the people who have it are poor and unemployed. I've often thought that if the US Vice President's wife came down with malaria we might get a lot more funding!"
7. Blantyre Integrated Malaria Initiative To improve service delivery and quality for malaria, the Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP) began the Blantyre Integrated Malaria Initiative (BIMI) in 1996 to pilot test methods in malaria prevention and treatment for pregnant women and children under five years of age. Blantyre, a largely urban district with a population of nearly 500,000, was chosen as the launch site for the initiative. The BIMI built on prior malaria control work in the country and on new national malaria guidelines developed by the MOHP’s National Malaria Control Programme, as well as the World Health Organization (WHO) algorithm for management of the ill child. http://www.qaproject.org/pubs/pdfs/bimi.pdf
8. Tactics to Stop the Spread USAID and the Department of Health and Human Services’ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention began the pilot indoor spraying program in Nkhotakota District two years ago. The district was hard-hit by malaria, and its natural boundaries provided an ideal pilot site. The program worked closely with the Ministry of Health, Nkhotakota District Health Office, and Illovo Sugar Estates to spray approximately 28,000 houses in 2007 and 25,000 houses in 2008. The spray, a biodegradable insecticide, was applied on walls inside houses to repel and kill malaria-spreading mosquitoes, which are most active late at night when people are sleeping. Nearly 90 percent of the houses in the designated area of the district were sprayed during the first round—coverage high enough to protect even people living in houses that weren’t sprayed. The study concluded that high coverage with spraying, along with use of long-lasting nets and effective case management, reduces anemia rates.
10. President’s Malaria Initiative PMI also worked with the Ministry of Health to procure a national supply for 18 months— over 9 million doses—of artemisinin-based combination therapy, the country’s new firstline malaria treatment; and approximately 1.2 million longlasting nets, used as protective barriers when people are asleep. “On the basis of this successful pilot,” Wolf said, “the Malawi Ministry of Health is planning to scale up the [spray] program to include six additional highly malaria endemic districts.” PMI is working with the National Malaria Control Program and the University of Malawi’s Malaria Alert Center to evaluate the effect of the scale-up of these malaria prevention and treatment programs
11. PMI Funding In support of Malawi’s NMCP, PMI backs four key intervention strategies to prevent and treat malaria: - Insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) - Indoor residual spraying with insecticides (IRS) - Intermittent preventive treatment for pregnant women (IPTp) - Diagnosis of malaria and treatment with artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) In fiscal year 2009, PMI allocated $17.7 million for malaria prevention and treatment in Malawi. Of this amount, 27 percent will support malaria diagnosis and procurement of ACTs, 42 percent ITNs, 10 percent IRS, 3 percent IPTp, and 5 percent monitoring and evaluation activities. Approximately 48 percent of the total will be spent on commodities. http://www.fightingmalaria.gov/countries/profiles/malawi_profile.pdf
12. Results In the areas in Nkhotakota District, where PMI supported indoor residual spraying in October–November 2007, surveys found a dramatic 44 percent reduction in the prevalence of anemia, which is closely associated with malaria infections in children six to 30 months of age. Malawi is one of the first countries to have distributed insecticide treated mosquito nets (ITNs) through antenatal clinics (ANCs) and has been a leader in 2009 sub-Saharan Africa in making ITNs available and accessible to vulnerable populations. The national policy calls for free distribution of ITNs to pregnant women through ANCs and to children under five who attend clinics for immunization or illness. In addition, children under five living in rural areas should receive a free net at least once every three years through an ITN campaign.
13. A Malaria Lab in Malawi(image used courtesy of MalariaNoMore.com)
14. Literature on Malaria “Malaria – A handbook for health professionals” via Malaria consortium -- http://www.amazon.com/Malaria-Handbook-Health-Professionals-Consortium/dp/033368916X/ref=sr_1_8?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1259775016&sr=1-8 MNM”s Youtube page (various videos) -- http://www.youtube.com/user/malarianomore “Malaria: The Vaccine Challenge” (BBC Documentary) -- http://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcfour/documentaries/features/malaria2.shtml “Malaria: Fever Wars” (PBS 2006 Documentary) -- http://www.amazon.com/Malaria-Fever-Artist-Not-Provided/dp/B000EOTV48/ref=sr_1_6?ie=UTF8&s=dvd&qid=1252427159&sr=8-6 “The Making of a Tropical Disease: A Short History of Malaria (Johns Hopkins Biographies of Disease)” by Randall M. Packard -- http://www.amazon.com/Making-Tropical-Disease-History-Biographies/dp/0801887127/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1252427159&sr=8-1 “The Malaria Capers : More Tales of Parasites and People, Research and Reality” by Robert S. Desowitz -- http://www.amazon.com/Malaria-Capers-Parasites-Research-Reality/dp/0393310086/ref=ntt_at_ep_dpi_2 "Shrinking the Malaria Map: A Prospectus on Malaria Elimination" Edited by Richard G.A. Feachem, Allison A. Phillips, and Geoffrey A. Targett. (April 2009, the Malaria Elimination Group) "Shrinking the Malaria Map: A Guide on Malaria Elimination for Policy Makers" by Richard G.A. Feachem (April 2009, Malaria Elimination Group)