This document discusses disabilities and feminism. It defines a disability under the ADA and outlines different types of disabilities like mobility, cognitive, and psychological impairments. It notes challenges for families of people with disabilities in caretaking and finding resources. Challenges for people with disabilities include getting accommodations in school and pursuing education or employment. The document also discusses types of feminism like liberal, radical, Marxist, and cultural feminism and their roots. It provides goals and techniques of feminist therapy in empowering clients.

1. FEMINIST THEORY
B Y :
J O S I E ,
K R Y S T A L , &
D I A N A

2. DISABILITIES
A disability is defined by the Americans with Disabilities Act
(ADA) as
“A person who 1. has a physical or
mental impairment that limits one or
more major life activities OR 2. has a
record of such an impairment”

3. WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF DISABILITIES?
Mobility and physical impairments
Spinal cord
Head injuries
Vision
Hearing
Cognitive or learning
Psychological
According to the Census Bureau 1 in 5 people have
a disability

4. CHALLENGES FOR THE FAMILIES
• Caretaking demands and maintaining family harmony
• Finding resources for proper medical care and financial
difficulties
• Support from extended family and friends

5. CHALLENGES FOR THE PERSON WITH THE DISABILITY
Children
 Getting accommodations in school settings
Adults
 Pursuing a higher education
 Employment
 Long-term independent living
Seniors
 Need for in-home assistance

6. REGAINING FREEDOM
http://www.sundancechannel.com/series/push-
girls/videos/angela-hits-the-road-push-girls-
episode-5-season-2-clip

8. MYTHS
 People with disabilities always
need help
 Under the ADA, employers must
give people with disabilities
special privileges
 People who are deaf make ideal
employees in noisy work
environments
 People who are blind acquire a
"sixth sense.”
 Disabilities are always visible

9. RESOURCES
• Department of Rehabilitation:
http://www.rehab.cahwnet.gov/index.asp
• Services for people with disabilities nationwide:
http://nichcy.org/state-organization-search-by-state
• Services for people with Disabilities in California
http://www.ca.gov/HomeFamily/PersonsWithDisabilities.html
• Rehabilitation, health care for low-income families, early interventions,
workshops for parents, and services within each type of disability
• Resources for adults in higher education, independent living, recreational
activities/support, and employment
**Referrals through doctors

11. TYPES OF FEMINISM AND IT’S ROOTS
 Liberal Feminism
 Type of mainstream feminism that works to integrate women into society. Its
roots stretch back to the social contract theory of government instituted by
the American Revolution.
 Radical Feminism
 Radical feminism was the cutting edge of feminist theory from approximately
1967-1975. It is no longer as universally accepted as it was then, nor does
it provide a foundation for cultural feminism.
 However, Radical feminism is actually the breeding ground for many of the
ideas arising from feminism; ideas which get shaped and pounded out in
various ways by other (but not all) branches of feminism
Reference: The University of Alabama in Huntsville. (n.d.)
Kinds of Feminism.

12. TYPES OF FEMINISM AND IT’S ROOTS
 Marxist and Socialist Feminism
 Marxism recognizes that women are oppressed, and attributes the oppression to the
capitalist/private property system. Thus they insist that the only way to end the
oppression of women is to overthrow the capitalist system.
 Socialist feminism is the result of Marxism meeting radical feminism.
 Cultural Feminism
 As various 1960s movements for social change fell apart or got co-opted, folks got
pessimistic about the very possibility of social change; so many turned their attention to
building alternatives, so that if they couldn't change the dominant society, they could
avoid it as much as possible.
 Cultural Feminism emerged after Radical Feminism died out as a movement.
 The difference between cultural and radical feminism is that radical feminism was a
movement to transform society, cultural feminism retreated to vanguardism, working
instead to build a women's culture. While many cultural feminists have been active in
social issues as individuals, not as part of a movement.
Reference: The University of Alabama in Huntsville. (n.d.)
Kinds of Feminism.

13. TYPES OF FEMINISM AND IT’S ROOTS
 Eco-Feminism
 This branch of feminism is much more spiritual than political or theoretical in
nature.
 Its basic tenet is that a patriarchal society will exploit its resources without
regard to long term consequences as a direct result of the attitudes fostered
in a patriarchal/hierarchical society.
 Parallels are often drawn between society's treatment of the environment,
animals, or resources and its treatment of women.

14. DEAF DAVID : MY THOUGHTS ON MY LIFE OF DEAFNESS
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AScHIfF0SoQ

15. GOAL OF FEMINIST THERAPY
Empowerment

17. TECHNIQUES OF FEMINIST THERAPY
• Egalitarian Relationship
• Conscious Raising
• Gender-Role and Power Analysis
• Self-Disclosure
• Bibliotherapy
• Assertiveness Training
• Reframing and Relabeling
• What is something powerful you have done?
• Invite the client to…
• Can use any technique from any theory as long as it is empowering

18.  Radical Feminism, by Anne Koedt (1973) .
 Daring to be Bad, by Alice Echols (1989).
 Feminist Frameworks: Alternative Theoretical
Accounts of the Relations Between Women and
Men, by Alison M. Jaggar and Paula S.
Rothenberg (1993).
 The Rejected Body: Feminist Philosophical
Reflections on Disability, by Susan Wendell
(1996).
 Feminist Therapy (Theories of Psychotherapy)
By: Laura S. Brown (2009).
 Feminism is Queer: The Intimate Connection
between Queer and Feminist Theory, by Mimi
Marinucci (2010).
 Feminist Disability Studies by Kim Q. Hall (2011).

19. POINTS OF INTEREST
• Feminist therapist avoid formal assessment, diagnosing is a
collaborative effort.
• Psychopathology = Distress and behavioral dysfunction
• Encourage clients to question the therapist
• Fee setting = Sliding scale
• How your office is set up, what message are you sending?

20. REFERENCES
 Brault, Matthew, (2012). Americans with Disabilities: 2010. Retrieved from
http://www.census.gov/prod/2012pubs/p70-131.pdf
 Bitter, J. (2009). Theory and practice of family therapy and counseling. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole,
Cengage Learning.
 Brown, L. (2010). Feminist Therapy. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
 Emerson, E. (2003). Mothers of children and adolescents with intellectual disability: social and economic
situation, mental health status, and the self-assessed social and psychological impact of the child's
difficulties. Journal Of Intellectual Disability Research, 47(Parts 4/5), 385-399. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-
2788.2003.00498.x
 Fujiura, G. (2010). Aging families and the demographics of family financial support of adults with
disabilities. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 20(4), 241-250. doi: 10.1177/1044207309350560
 Keller, D. and Honig, A. S. (2004), Maternal and paternal stress in families With school-aged children with
disabilities. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 74: 337–348. doi: 10.1037/0002-9432.74.3.337
 Myths and facts about people with disabilities. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.in.gov/spd/files/Myth.pdf
 The University of Alabama in Huntsville. (n.d.) Kinds of Feminism. Retrieved on July 15 from:
Http://www.uah.edu/woolf/feminism_kinds.htm