Pop Culture's Influence in White Noise

Feminism and Pop Culture Essay
Feminism and Pop culture
By: Brittany Stevers
In the recent history, feminism and pop culture have become more closely entwined than ever
before. This can be partially because of the growing interest in culture studies as an academic
discipline, but it can also be explained by the fact that, there's a whole lot more popular culture to
watch. Pop culture has become our common language, a universal way of uniting the world. Pop
culture is also a key route to making the concept of feminism both resonant and relatable. In this
paper, I am interested in the relationship and connections between pop culture's representations of
women and girls and the depiction of feminism through the lens of pop culture. There's a ... Show
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In ours', it's everything from MTV hits, to Breaking Bad to Miley Cyrus. But historically, pop
culture derived from the lower classes and the "low" culture, the exiled counterpart to "high"
culture. High culture was considered to compose of art, literature, and classical music created by and
for the most prestige. Over time "pop culture" slowly began to replace the phrase " low culture," pop
culture or low culture was defined by what it wasn't; elegant, refined, high culture, than rather by
what it was. Mass culture. The masses looked for entertainment and distraction, soon enough it was
assumed for pop culture to simply just amuse. However, pop culture can never be dismissed as
being "just" entertainment or for "only" amusement.
Television networks are continually expanding their programming slates, and many in the past have
switched to a year–round programming schedule that makes the phrase "summer return" basically
absolute. On every channel, in every magazine, every darken theater, we see the way pop culture
limits women's role– girlfriends, victims, hookers, corpses, sex bombs, and "teases," but why?
Television, for most women, was the first place where they were able to visually see themselves
represented. And for quite a while, they didn't see much besides the loving wife, the dutiful
daughter, gossiping girlfriends, fashion models, and the occasional maid, granny, or nanny. In Where
the Girls Are: Growing Up
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Working Culture With Low Power Distance
1. The working culture in the United States is a more formal type of working culture with low power
distance. In the U.S. equality is shown between both the genders in the industry. A more direct form
of communication is used and they come straight to the point. The working culture is more of a risk
taking culture. The U.S. compared to other countries have a high sensitivity to time, they are on time
for their work and meetings. Myanmar Myanmar generally has very low power distance and do not
accept inequality in power. They adopt a more informal attitude with their employers. The working
culture in Myanmar is opening up and people do not hesitate to stand up and point out employers
mistakes. Myanmar people are moderately individual. They still choose to be in groups but will not
rely on the groups in all situations and they prefer their own space sometimes. Myanmar is less on
the masculine side and more on the feminine side. In the recent times equality is being shown ton
men and women almost all fields other than military. It is common to find women in leading
managerial positions in the since the last 5 to 6 years. Uncertainty avoidance is Myanmar is very
high. People if given an option will choose to stay away from new situations as they believe it might
turn out to be a potential risk in the near future. Also people here concentrate more on maintaining
relationships with managers and subordinates than on performance. Apart from these aspects few
other cultural practices

Popular Culture: Baby Boomer's Generation
Humans are in constant evolution, always subject to change and all the consequences that those
changes mean. Our prehistoric ancestors sought to find ways to overcome the circumstances that
they found in their lives, examples of their inventions to overcome those circumstances are the use
of fire and the wheel. Although our lives are quite easier than our ancestor's lives, we constantly
evolve our lifestyles, thinking, and tastes. Hence, our culture is evolving at the same pace we do!
According to Kim Ann Zimmermann, a contributor to the webpage magazine LiveScience.com,
states that culture is defined by all the characteristics shared by a group such as behavioral patterns,
cognitive understanding, and socialization. In other words, popular ... Show more content on
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Part of what we know about popular culture come from what we learn in our environment, but also
from our parent's inheritance. Nevertheless, our assimilation and perception of popular culture
drastically changed since the Baby Boomer's generation. Before this generation arrived at their peak
(young adult age), popular culture was defined as the collective experiences of people. That is to
say, these experiences represent what we now know as museum culture or folk culture. Even though
popular culture objectively changes, since Baby Boomer's popular culture changed its path and were
influenced by a generation who grew up with television and fantasy stories. Notably, generations
after Baby Boomer's were subject to corporation's marketing and persuasion. The book Signs of Life
in the U.S.A: Readings on Popular Culture for Writers stating that vampires, zombies, and droids are
a good example of these changes. By all means, the unliving–humanoids were and still are a
sensation for fantasy and sci–fi fanatics and thanks to industrialization and mass media they reached
every city, as an infection that affected the whole population since the Baby

High Culture Versus Pop Culture: Which Is Best For...
Pop Culture and High Culture
In the modern world we live in, there are identifying factors that shape our lives. This includes what
is known as popular culture and high culture. In the article High Culture Versus Pop Culture: Which
is Best for Engaging Students? written by Andrew Jones, he is able to clearly describe both high and
popular culture. Jones states that "A high culture is the self–consciousness of a society. It contains
the works of art, literature, scholarship and philosophy that establish a shared frame of reference
among educated people"(Jones). While Jones describes pop culture as "Easy to understand and
entertaining to the majority of young people" (Jones). According to the book Popular Culture and
High Culture written by Herbert ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to Herbert J. Gains "Mass is an old European sociological term to describe the poor and
uneducated classes" (Gans). The people who indulge in popular culture are said to be barbarians,
Philistines and the masses according to Fahad Al–Kubaisi, author of What are the Key Differences
Between High and Low Culture? (Al–Kubaisi). Fahad High Al–Kubaisi also differentiates high and
popular culture with his quote stating that "High culture is the genuine expression of an artistic
phenomenon which is unique whereby low culture is frequently manufactured for an audience of
consumers" (Al–Kubaisi). The purpose of popular culture is to sell and to provide what is in demand
because popular culture relies on the taste of everyday people and what is most current in the world.
There is a degree of commonality that comes along with low/popular culture according to Al–
Kubaisi, its content and elements reflect the 'lower statuses' of its participants (Al–Kubaisi). Overall,
popular culture is able to demonstrate what is in demand while also representing what society is
currently interested in as a

The Infiltration of Popular Culture in DeLillo's White Noise
The Infiltration of Popular Culture in DeLillo's White Noise
In Don DeLillo's satirical novel White Noise, we become acquainted with what we might call a
"postmodern family" – a group of people loosely bound together by birth, marriage, and common
residence. But as we observe this family, we notice that the bonds between them are strained at best,
and that their lives have been taken over by some insidious new force. This force is popular culture.
For better or worse, pop culture has infiltrated the lives of our fictional family just as it has the lives
of real human beings. DeLillo's purpose in the book is best illuminated by Heinrich's comment after
the airborne toxic event: "The real issue is the kind of radiation that surrounds ... Show more content
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This element of popular culture has thus drastically influenced Jack and Babette's lives.
In the novel, the television quite often interferes. It functions as a sort of background voice, always
present but never really noticed. It is a source of "white noise", essentially random sound and light
that is intended only for such purposes. Yet at moments DeLillo allows the television to come to the
front, and we are treated to a sentence or two from an entity that, later in the novel, simply becomes
"the voice". "The voice" speaks, but the characters do not comment on it. Thus this instrument for
delivery of popular culture has so thoroughly infiltrated their lives that they do not even
acknowledge its existence.
This is, of course, best illustrated by Steffie's "Toyota Celica" episode (154–155). By the narration
leading up to this, we are led to believe that some deep, important and supernatural revelation will
follow: "Distinct syllables this time, not some dreamy murmur – but a language not quite of this
world" (154–155). Yet all DeLillo gives us is the "near–nonsense words" Toyota Celica. The
narrator then goes on to describe this phenomenon as part of some universal consciousness. Perhaps,
in some circumstances, a universal human consciousness would be something worth having. But not
if it is only able to think of cars! Furthermore, cars are expensive, materialistic objects – and
materialism is certainly one of the tenets of the "religion" of pop culture

High End And Low End Essay
High–end and low–end, is there really an in–between? Can people truly find a natural equilibrium to
tame the disease of materialism in the world? Design. Design changes people's perspective of the
feral planet in desperate need an adoption of integrity. Look at the screen. The word document is a
design. Look at the typography. It is a design as well. On to something else, what about clothing? A
design so popular, high–end and low–end are terms typically preceding to differentiate the style.
From hats down to shoes, certain vernacular was created. No middle ground until one article of
clothing found it's break out: sneakers. Originally stuck in low–class status due to the nature of the
blue–collared, working man, in the 1970s, the sneaker product became a cultural icon. By the early
1990s, sneakers established themselves to be a regular middle class garment that was equally
available to the lower and higher class citizens. From the suburbs to the ghetto, the kids ask for them
and the adults collect them. They act as a bridge joining together the haves and the have–nots. A pop
culture necessity, sneakers have the capability of strategizing equality through image and awareness
of differences. The Converse All–Stars hug onto the star of such equality. They disturb the code
presented onto the the world's standards by acting as a buffer for simplicity and elegance. A strange
elegance through zero technological advancement, but an elegance to show the artistry of the inner
beliefs

Low Attendance Culture at NYUAD
LOW ATTENDANCE CULTURE AT NYUAD
NYUAD Community Events As an Observational Platform for a Complex System
"It was supposed to be a collaboration among schools, NYUAD and the Sorbonne Abu Dhabi,
together for a night of shared poetry on March 13. The event was primarily advertised on Facebook
and of both schools' populations, 205 people RSVP'd. But when the night arrived, NYUAD
sophomore Zahida Rahemtulla found herself with only one other companion boarding the bus for
the event." At NYUAD, students have the chance to join in various events within the university as
well around the city of Abu Dhabi. In fact, NYUAD has created a Student Portal, a website designed
to list these events and update students, faculty and stuff of the different locations and dates of such
events. In this sense, NYUADers are literally "one click away from being part of a certain meeting
or event. However, over the last few years there have been a noticeable culture of overcommitting
and then not attending" . Most of the organized events reach the student population with loud
Facebook campaigns and tempting slogans such as "free", yet people still fail to show up when they
need to. Could it be that students fail to attend these meetings due to the overwhelming publicity? It
is quite understandable that freshmen of all classmen are the ones who over commit; they are simply
excited to part of the university life. As freshmen adapt to college routine, they start to realize what

The Challenges of the “Real” and Depth in Maus Essay
The Postmodernist movement begun after World War II in which, high and low culture are
questionable in the view of society and Art. The postmodernist movement in literature creates a new
set of ideals for fiction, such as the metafiction, the fable like representation in novels, the pastiche,
irony, and satire. Fredric Jameson speaks about the movement and its theory in his essay
"Postmodernism and Consumer Society". He questions postmodernism in society as it creates the
new societal norm of popular culture. On the other hand, Jean Baudrillard analyzes the simulacra of
postmodernism in "The Precession of Simulacra". Baudrillard speaks of the "truth" and "reality"
also as a questionable representation for the reader. Yet, both critics ... Show more content on
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The authoritative viewpoint symbolizes the reliable and the unreliable narrator, which shows the
difference between the "truth" and the "false" (1558) in a postmodernist fiction. With this said, the
true/reliable point of view in a postmodernist text is an "immense fragmentation and privatization of
modern literature–its explosion into a host of a distinct private styles and mannerism–foreshadows
deeper and more general tendencies in social life as a whole" (Jameson 1849). It is normal for a
postmodern text to have a hidden viewpoint as it creates the complexity of the narrative, and
portrays depth within the fiction. Art Spiegelman's Maus II: And Here My Troubles Began" presents
itself as having an authoritative point of view on page 25, with the split panels depicting the present
and past. On the left side panel, we have the present illustrating Vladek and Art's relationship and
the retelling of Vladek's journey of survival in the Holocaust. However, on the right side we have
the depiction of the concentration camp through Vladek's accounts (Spiegelman 25). The break of
the panels shows the present relationship of father and son contrast to the loneliness of Vladek in the
past during hard times. Erin McGlothlin expresses the importance of the break of panel through the
aspect of authoritative viewpoint as a "...visual...to signify the abrupt chasm between the past and
present (a young, emaciated

Movie Review : Pretty Woman Directed By Garry Marshall
The movie being reviewed is a classic romantic comedy entitled Pretty Woman directed by Garry
Marshall in 1990. Pretty Woman takes place in Los Angeles, California where a kindhearted
prostitute Vivian Ward (Julia Roberts) meets an out of town millionaire Edward Lewis (Richard
Gere), and they find true love despite their differences in true fantasy fairy tale fashion and live
happily ever after. This film is particularly relevant to many aspects of our American Popular
Culture class because it addresses the differences in class system, morality, materialism, and even
gender and feminism roles. Pretty Woman began with a man yelling out from the street "Welcome to
Hollywood, What's your dream?" (Marshall, 1990). In my personal opinion, this was a major
substantive point of the overall movie prearranged by the director. Directly after the analogous fairy
tale Rapunzel rescue that Edward Lewis performed with Vivian Ward on the fire escape in the final
scene of the movie, that same man once again was walking the street yelling "Welcome to
Hollywood, What's your dream? Everybody comes here, this is Hollywood, the land of dreams!
Some dreams come true, some don't but keep on dreaming! This is Hollywood!" (Marshall, 1990).
The film in its entirety plays out a fantasy or alternate reality for those who decide to watch. In true
Cinderella fashion Edward Lewis takes Vivian Ward from rags to riches, and gives her everything
imaginable from jewelry, shopping sprees, and a taste of

Body Culture Vs Popular Culture
3. Progressively, high culture has been seen to be supplanted by popular culture is driven on by
'democratic conditions.' It is the certified articulation of an imaginative phenomenon which is
exceptional whereby low culture is much of the time fabricated for a group of people of consumers.
Low culture is sometimes seen as a 'judgment expression' to mean anything that is the inverse of
high culture, and in the cutting edge, age alludes to anything that is created by culture industry to
make a benefit. It is viewed as an examination of the standard may make critical advances into
society. However, it has attributes that make it pervasive and steadily evolving. The advent of phone
and computer innovation and the availability of multi–media has ... Show more content on
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Body history is part history, and it must show the body as the limitless generator of portrayals for
society everywhere, and as a junction of power, the new third eye interceding amongst private,
public, and political. The body incarnates the self openly. An upheaval, like the French Revolution,
with its central redefinition of the body politic, fundamentally brought up issues about the body in
administrative matters. Ladies had no political rights in France, before the revolution, as they were
thought to be aloof subjects that were compelled to depend on men to figure out what was best for
them. That changed significantly in principle as there apparently were incredible advances in
feminism. The women's liberation developed in Paris as a significant aspect of a broad interest for a
social and political change. The ladies requested equity to men and after that proceeded onward to
interest for the end of male mastery. Outram takes the body as the focal concentration of her quote
and book and the way that individuals saw and developed the world of involvement in which they
inhabited a period of significant

Modernism And Postmodernism
Modernism began at the end of the civil war and ended (at least on an intellectual level) when the
USA dropped the first atomic bomb. Modernism, whether it has to do with visual art, music or
literature, gets its meaning from the idea that truth derives from effort. If one looks at the Empire
State Building, a modernist building, one can see that it starts about a block wide at its base and
tapers to a spire at the very top. This spire is the culmination of tremendous effort, it is truth. Once
humans realized that everything we had worked towards can be wiped out in an instant, something
snapped and some began to think "what's the point?". That idea culminated with "Well, why even
work hard for truth? Truth should be what is immediately evident." That was the beginning of the
Postmodernist movement. Postmodernism rejects the idea that any text or product or media is
inherently more valuable than any other. Culture is a snake eating its own tail. Everything old is new
again. Everything deserves to be viewed as art. Everything deserves an audience to consume it. With
Modernism, you only get to truth, enlightenment and value through work. With Postmodernism, you
don't have to do that at all. Everything is beautiful how it is. But if everything's beautiful, nothing's
beautiful. And therein lies the snake eating its own tail. Postmodernism inevitably goes around in
circles, but that does not have to be a bad thing.
Postmodernism in the realm of visual art was a direct rebellion

Low Vs. High Context
LOW VERSUS HIGH CONTEXT
Introduction:
In a universe of expanding worldwide cooperation, the need to perceive significant cutural contrasts
is discriminating. The pervasive way of cultural qualities and conventions is beginning to pick up
legitimacy on strategic and formative fronts. Yet over–dependence on cultural definitions as a
method for comprehension each other is a dubious move; societies can be progressive and social
conduct deluding. The thought that culture is static alternately impenetrable to impact causes to be
reinvestigated the advancing qualities and declarations of huge numbers of the world 's societies.
Beginning communications between altogether different cultures give understanding into the
development of social standards and the effects those cultures may have had on each other.
Low contextculture is a term utilized by anthropologist Edward T. Corridor in 1976 to portray a
correspondence style that depends intensely on express and direct dialect.
Definition :
Anthropologist Edward T Hall was the first to examine and characterize a low context society. In his
1976 book titled Beyond Culture, Hall depicted a low context culture as a culture that conveys data
in a direct way that depends primarily on words. Low setting societies don 't depend on relevant
components (i.e., the speaker 's manner of speaking or non–verbal communication) to impart data.
They take a more straightforward and unequivocal methodology. This is as opposed to a high setting

Rhetorical Analysis Of Masschult And Midcult By Dwight...
Dwight Macdonald, in his essay "Masscult & Midcult", draws a clear distinction between the high
and low cultures of the US. He describes the High culture being traditional, where art is intentional
and used to portray the artist's inner emotions (9–10). In high culture art, the audience gets a direct
message from the artist through his work, there is no subjectivity towards the individual. The next
rung in the declining ladder is that of Folk art. Macdonald classifies Folk art to be like High culture
art; however, only for the poor and the secluded, its voice coming from people without power yet its
purpose specific towards a singular message (11). It is not for the elite like high culture, yet it is not
degrading and exploitive like Masscult

Culture in Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer’s Book...
"Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception" is a chapter in Theodor Adorno and Max
Horkheimer's book "Dialectic of Enlightenment" it goes onto discus the conflicts presented by the
"culture industry." Adorno states that the culture industry is a main phenomenon of late capitalism,
encompassing all products from Hollywood films, to advertisements, and even extending to musical
compositions. Adorno is very deliberate in noting the term "culture industry" over "mass culture"
this was done to specifically distinguish, that it is not to be understood as something which
spontaneously stems from the masses themselves. Products of the culture economy take on the
appearance of artwork but are in fact dependant on industry and economy, ... Show more content on
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The author goes on to explain that the public refrains from criticizing the media because they are
dependent upon it. They need the culture industry in order to achieve pleasure and satisfaction and
cannot imaging their lives without it. The industry preserves its power by presenting an ideal of "the
good life" as reality and through false conflicts that trade him for his real ones. The industry spreads
false values and establishes the individual's willingness to be a part of society and to coordinate his
interests with it. Adorno also states that the culture industry takes advantage of the weaker classes
by making its content shallow and widely appealing and thus demoting the value of culture
"Everyone knows that they are helpless within the system, and ideology must take account for this"
The main argument behind the article is that the commodification of culture is the commodification
of human awareness. The culture industry provides easy entertainment which is able to distract the
masses from the wrongs of a capitalist ruling order. It goes onto argue that the culture industry has
over taken reality and the way that it is experienced, where it completely shapes and conditions the
experiences we have creating an alternate reality of consumerism. Popular culture gives the allusion
of a distraction from our everyday lives, but in fact it causes those consuming to further dwell into

Personal Narrative: Edinboro Elementary School
I wait in the lobby of Edinboro Elementary for my younger brother, surrounded by vibrant colors,
and drawings of what the children who attend there want to be when they grow up, coupled with
adorably misspelled descriptions underneath. I walk over to glance at one, depicted is a squiggly–
drawn superhero and underneath it reads"Wen i grow up i want to be A superhero." It reminds me of
how innocent and simple life is when you are young. Before I managed to read another poster I
notice my brother running down the hall in his blue, Pokémon shirt, with a smile that spans from ear
to ear, which could only mean that it is Friday. When we entered my car I ask him the usual, "How
was your day? Did you have fun at school today? Did you learn anything ... Show more content on
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Numerous people influence a child before adulthood and each one of them has to be aware of the
impact that they have. That includes the people at YouTube, Star 104, or the countless other
companies that allow children to access music today. How accessible age inappropriate music is for
young children is problematic. More awareness by people in charge of young children partnered
with more restrictions by media distribution companies would greatly decrease the amount of access
that they have to age inappropriate music. That would mean less influence by those songs and a
longer preservation of their innocence, and who would not want that young child to think he can be
a superhero when he grows

Characteristics And Differences Between High And Low...
Tutorial 3 1. What are some of the salient characteristics and differences between high and low
context cultures? In low–context culture, the content of the speech should be clear and unambiguous
message that the speaker is really up to the listener. Countries that use the spoken language English
(Anglo–Saxon) such as Canada, United Kingdom, United States and Germany are examples of
countries that have a low–context culture. Cultural Context–high implicit meaning contents during
conversation is as important as the spoken word. Legend culture is important in understanding what
is being said. Examples of high–context culture is Arab States and Japan. In business, the behavior
between low–context culture and context–high are different. For example, advertising in Germany is
more fact–oriented than in Japan more emotionally oriented. In low–context cultures country,
lawyers ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Silent when properly . The dispute occurred when right and wrong but rather impersonal The
dispute occurred when right and wrong, but more excited Benefits for the group is the main goal
The profit motive or benefit for an individual is the main goal What is good for the group is good for
individuals 2. Hofstede consider culture as "the collective programming of the mind", which makes
it necessary to look at the attitudes, beliefs, and values. Explain the element of Hofstede typology.
Hofstede tried to examine structural elements of powerful cultural influence behavior in
organizations and institutions situation. It had four dimensions . First, Individualism vs.
Collectivism. Individualism is the social function of the relative likelihood of a free and individual
means only take care of themselves and their families. By contrast, collectivism is the tendency of
social functions relatively tight where each individual to identify themselves as a group with loyalty
not need to be asked. The main problem of this dimension is the degree of interdependence of
individuals in a

Attempting to Define Art
Definition Essay – Attempting to Define Art
Considering that last semester I took both History of Western Art and, in the philosophy department,
Aesthetics, I would have thought that I am now in a better position than I was a year ago to answer
the question, "What is art?" Going into the philosophy course I had the idea that art worked as a
means of taking abstract values and placing them into concrete form. However, it soon became clear
that there were many other praiseworthy things that could be said about art: it can be sublime,
making us feel both the overwhelming force of nature and the overcoming strength of our free will
(Kant); it bridges the natural and the ideal, allowing man to achieve political freedom ... Show more
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By this I mean that whatever an artist creates can be judged by some aesthetic standard. The
standards can vary across genres and media, differing for representational and abstract art, for
painting and for music. There may not be a "Unified Theory of Aesthetics," but works of art are
open to critical assessment.
Unfortunately, the three characteristics I listed are too broad to be satisfying; yet anything I can
think to add would be too exclusive. Some art communicates ideas and values, but not all of it.
Some art captures beauty, but other art expresses ugliness. Some art doesn't really communicate and
express anything beyond an aesthetically pleasing (whatever that means) use of a medium.
Another possible problem with these general characteristics of art is that they do not exclude the
productions of animals. The music of songbirds is not generally considered art to us, but to birds it
may be. This is not a minor point: while human art exists in a more complicated social context, our
capacity for it is something we evolved. Our complex and varied aesthetics may be the outgrowth of
biological urges to produce and receive art, just as the bird's singing comes from an innate impulse.
Philosophers have tended to look to proximate causes of why we produce art (i. e. because we find it
beautiful) as opposed

The Role Of Context And Popular Culture In Intercultural...
The Role of Context and Popular Culture in Intercultural Relationships.
When I first arrived in the United States I experienced a lot of culture shock. Almost everything was
being done differently from what I knew. Starting from language to dressing to eating habits all
seemed a little odd to me. I was told I had to be politically correct in whatever I said, lest I offend
someone unknowingly. The English seemed a little different because I was used to British English. I
couldn't really comprehend what was going on. Most things were very confusing. This was mostly
because I came from a different region of the world with a different culture and modes of handling
daily business. This experience made me to realize the importance of context in culture. Culture can
be viewed as the exchanging of relations with other societies as a way of life. It, therefore,
influences the way a person behaves, interacts and communicate with other people. The way people
behave and interact with others from different diversities is always partially delicate and differs
between cultures. E.B Taylor, an anthropologist, thinks of culture as a complex whole which
includes knowledge, belief, and natural habits gained by man as a member of society. There are
several elements of culture but for me I think context in culture and popular culture play a major
role on how a society operates. To deeply understand this concept, we must first learn the different
cultural orientations, how they work and their

Susan Sontag 's Notes On Camp
It is important to first be aware of the concrete definitions of low culture, as defined by Susan
Sontag in her "Notes on Camp" (1964) "Low culture is a derogatory term for popular culture and
working class culture" A direct opposite to this is high culture, often favoured by the elite. In which
Sontag recognises that both "high culture and low culture are minority cultures. The combined
influences of both strains constitute mainstream culture". Before looking at what low culture Pope
drew upon to produce his own "high art" it is important to understand the context of Pope's writing
and what was going on in regards to Literary History of that time period.
The English Neo–Classical Movement dominated English Literature from the Restoration (1660) to
the lyrical ballads of 1798,1800 and 1802. It is conventionally divided into three parts. These being
the Restoration Age (1600–1700) where figures such as John Milton and John Dryden were
renowned. The Augustan Age (1700–1750) where Alexander Pope himself was a central poetic
figure and The Age of Johnson (1750–1798). The primary focus is of course the Augustan Age,
where Pope's work is prevalent.
The Eighteenth century brought a new war of words, with a quarrel in 1690's France in L'Académie
Française, putting in to place a new historical sense of culture across Europe. The ideology is that
classical authors and learning could not be improved upon or surpassed by modern writers, instead
they should look to imitate the great

Class and Culture
Introduction In various societies across the globe, culture is normally seen as an enabling or limiting
factor for social, political and economic progression. Through this understanding it has been
established that there is a strong relationship between class and culture. This relationship has been
previously investigated by researchers such as Pierre Bourdieu who identified that class affects
culture and consequently, culture affects ones life chances, income and other economic parameters
(Lane 2000, p. 1). Many other researchers have often voiced their concerns over the increased gap
between the rich and the poor (worldwide) and expressed their concern over the fact that the world
has failed to acknowledge the role of culture in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
6). In other words, the media has been criticized for upholding passivity and conformity to given
principles, attitudes and perspectives about life, without feeding the masses with dissenting ideas
that can help them grow in their own light. From this analysis, we can see that the media has done a
god job in shaping public opinion and even though it has also done a commendable job enlightening
the masses and promoting social freedom; its success is not true in the case of portraying the true
picture regarding culture and social classes. Gans (1999) identifies that the points of view expressed
by popular culture is a fallacy and a creation of the writers and journalists who write about popular
culture. Often, they have been criticized by critics of popular culture that they have failed to
conform to the principles of high culture and therefore they criticize it. Much to their advantage,
they have been given the time of day because their audience is essentially people of low culture (the
masses) and therefore they have found a big market for their works. This situation, has even led to
the arrogance of some writers and journalists of popular culture who have stated in the past that so
long as their audience buys their works, proponents of the high culture are either wrong or irrelevant
(Gans 1999, p.

Intercultural Management: The Differences Between a...
Intercultural Management Objective The objective of this study is to answer as to what the
differences are in a low–context and a high–context culture and how one would advise a friend with
a low–context culture to do business in a high context culture. High Context and Low Context
Culture The high context culture is a polychromic culture such as the Latin Americans and Arabs,
which is a culture that has toleration for many simultaneous happenings with a focus on many things
at once. However, the low context culture or the monochromic culture such as the cultures of
Switzerland, Germany and the United States is such that time is linearly experienced.
Communication in the high–context culture by the individual from a low–context culture can be
very confusing. For example the culture of the Arabs is such that they are quick to make themselves
heard and friendship, honor and hospitality are the building blocks of communication. The Arabs are
what are known as 'high contact' in their communications and time is reported as being priority in
the process of communication. (Sepehri, 2011) Guidelines for Communication In order to
communicate with the high context culture the individual who is from the low context culture must
follow some guidelines in cross–cultural communication processes including: (1) the development
of cultural sensitivity or in other words trying to imagine the meaning that will be made by the
receiver of the communication. (2) Encoding carefully

Cultural Trends In Fashion
Trends in the fashion world are greatly influenced by social–cultural changes. Social change deals
with any big change over time in behavior patterns and in cultural values. Fashion and clothing is
more than just what we wear but the way we choose to live our lives which relates back to culture.
There are three key sources in trends for fashion, high culture, pop culture, and low culture. High
culture is mainly about the visual kinds of art. Visual arts can range anywhere from paintings to
architecture and design. A designer is able to take note on a piece of art that inspires him or her to
incorporate into their clothing designs. Pop culture is highly influenced by celebrities who spend
most of their everyday lives in the mainstream. Pop culture influences the way we look. For
example, TV shows that dress the cast very fashionably such as the show, that was popular in the
80's Dynasty to the 90's into the year 2004 the show Sex in the City, everyone wanted to dress like
the protagonist in those popular TV series. Subculture is local street movements such as hip–hop
and graffiti. Subculture is mainly seen in surf and skateboard culture from the 70's up until today.
If culture can influence the paintings we paint and the clothes that we wear, then it certainly does
have an impact on the poems we write. Poetry is an art form in which human language is used for its
aesthetic qualities. Poems are often written based on something a poem has dealt with or has
overcome in their

Ikea Case Study
Question 1 The debate about standardization and adaptation for international markets has
continuously attracted more attention from multinational companies for several years. The case of
IKEA has however tried to help me in understanding the argument involving these two marketing
strategies as applied in the international markets. In global marketing strategy, standardization
involves selling products or offering services which are similar, with the same advertising and
promotional methods, pricing and location strategies in different countries of the world. On the other
hand, adaptation involves selling products or providing services that have various features based on
the different markets in varying nations to satisfy the human needs or wants considering their
cultural differences (Spielmann & Delvert, 2014). It is upon the multinational companies to find an
efficient way of employing these two global marketing strategies to ensure that they enjoy the
benefits that accompany the combination of the two methods. The IKEA case covers both
standardization and adaptation strategies thus helping me to understand how the two ways work and
the advantages related to them. The company has standardized some of its products in the marketing
mix while it is still trying to adapt to different market requirements where necessary. For instance,
the company shows how it offers uniform products by having 370 stores in 47 countries where we
are told that the management has discovered the

Characteristics Of Lowbrow Art
Lowbrow Art Lowbrow art is a unique art movement that emerged in the 1970s in the shady corners
of Los Angeles, California. Lowbrow art has many labels such as underground, Neo–pop, and
Nobrow. Also known as pop surrealism, lowbrow art, was inspired by surf culture, punk music,
underground comix, and most importantly, cartoon and comics. Lowbrow art is a movement for the
millions of people who share a common culture. The movement has steadily grown since the 1970s
and isn't going anywhere soon. The pop culture prevalent in lowbrow art differs through each artist
and is represented through their imagery. In this paper, I am going to elaborate on the characteristics
of lowbrow art. Then, compare and contrast two contemporary lowbrow artist's works, Isabel
Samaras and Kenny Scharf (Esaak). Lowbrow art was born underground. Represented as "street"
culture, lowbrow is focused around retro and rebellious pop culture. Artists that created lowbrow
artwork are typically self taught and don't care about the recognition because often there was very
little. Lowbrow artists tend to have a humorous or sarcastic approach in their art. They don't follow
the rules and they enjoy "poking fun at convention." Lowbrow is a broad term that falls in between
fine art such as museum art and low art such as tattoos. Many artists fall under this category but are
drastically different from each other. Lowbrow art has been branching off into different forms and
styles since its creation. This results

Low Culture Event: Movie Theater
Low culture event: Movie Theater
Introduction
There are various forms of storytelling that fall beneath a commodity whether it be located in a
museum or a movie theater – which incites numerous meanings of culture for individuals from
different classes and societies. Entities and products begin to tell stories about history, stories that
provoke emotions – which provokes laughter, sadness, befuddlement, enmity and so forth. Stories
that can be articulated through literature, can also be told as a form of expression such as; theatre,
visual arts, painting, music, dance, movie theaters, and verbal exchanges. When individuals attend a
concert or an art gallery they begin to create a story and representation of themselves and the event
itself. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One can note the prevalence of advertisements the movie theater embraces through sponsored
products and even promoting other movies to watch. The improvement of technology itself plays a
major role in individuals spending more money. With an increase in improvement to sound quality
and 3D imaging people are willing to spend hundreds of dollars to produce films in HQ knowing
that their audience will spend their money for the "perfect" movie experience. For example the film
Magic Mike XXL attracts the attention of women as an audience because it allows them to imagine
Channing Tatum a lead actor within the film giving them a lap dance. This is where Film director
Von Göll states " we are 'not yet' in the film" which then permits these women to sexually fantasize
having it done to them in real life because the 3D IMAX allows the audience to sit in the movie
theater and become a part of the film itself. Evidently, there is an atmosphere of low culture and
high culture embedded within present society's cultures because to make a production, rather it be an
opera for upper classmen or a movie for the working class, one must have the funding's to generate
this kind of

Culture and Identity
BROWNE CH 1–4 (M1203).qxp:John Q7
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CHAPTER
2
Culture and Identity
BROWNE CH 1–4 (M1203).qxp:John Q7
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Contents
Key issues The meaning and importance of culture Dominant culture Subculture Folk culture High
culture Mass, popular or low culture The changing distinction between high culture and mass culture
Global culture The concept of identity Different types of identity The socialization process Primary
socialization Secondary socialization Socialization and the social construction of self and identity
Theoretical approaches to the role of socialization in the formation of culture and identity Structural
approaches Social action approaches A third way: structuration Social class and ... Show more
For example, it might be argued that the main features of British culture include it being white,
patriarchal and unequal, with those who are white and male having things they regard as worthwhile
rated as more important than those who are female or from a minority ethnic group. Similarly, those
who are rich and powerful (who are mainly also white and male) are in a position to have their
views of what is valuable and worthwhile in a culture regarded as more important, and given higher

status, than those of others.
Subculture
When societies are very small, such as small villages in traditional societies, then all people may
share a common culture or way of life. However, as societies become larger and more complicated,
a number of smaller groups may emerge within the larger society, with some diﬀerences in their
beliefs and way of life. Each group having these diﬀerences is referred to as a subculture.
Folk culture
Folk culture is the culture created by local communities and is rooted in the experiences, customs
and beliefs of the everyday life of ordinary people. It is 'authentic' rather than manufactured, as it is
actively created by ordinary people themselves. Examples include traditional folk music, folk songs,
storytelling and folk dances which are passed on from one generation to the next by socialization
and often by direct experience. Folk culture is

Pop and Consumerism in the Art of Richard Hamilton
Pop and Consumerism in the Art of Richard Hamilton
Pop was the invention of the era of wealth and consumerism experience by western industrial
society in the 1950s and 1960s. Both pop's impact and expression were most distinct in the UK. Pop
was so bizarre in its open–minded values and flashy appearance compare to the commonly dull
conservatism of English culture and its expression because of the extant of the response to the
prevalent British social and cultural situation. The term Pop Art is an abbreviation of Popular Art.
Artists of this movement used ordinary everyday items to depict essentials of popular culture,
mostly images in advertising and television. The term "Pop Art" was created in 1958 by an English
critic Lawrence ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With their examination of these products, the Independent Group set out to reform culture. They had
found that the vertical pyramid of bourgeois culture, with high culture on the top and low on the
bottom, was becoming horizontalized, flattened out by mass commodification. In horizontal culture
as in general culture, no one form of cultural production was intrinsically more valuable than other.
Each product would have to be judged on its own merits, each as potentially valuable as the next in
terms of interest or as a point of critical reflection.
For the "This Is Tomorrow" exhibition catalog, Hamilton created the collage "Just What Is It that
Makes Today's Homes So Different, So Appealing?". Before constructing the collage, he had written
down all the areas of popular culture that would contain it: "man, woman, humanity, history, food,
newspapers, cinema, TV, telephone, comics (picture information), world (textual information), tape
recording (aural information), cars, domestic appliances, space." He gave this list to his wife and
family friend, who spent days cutting out magazine images that matched these categories. Then
Hamilton made a selection from these clippings and used them to create the final collage.
Beneath his list he added: "the image should, therefore, be thought of as tabular as well as pictorial."
As much as collage hangs together as a picture, it is also a tabulation of horizontal culture. In linking
"Just What Is It

Reading Culture 5th Edition By Diana George And John Trimbur
The book Reading Culture 8th Edition by Diana George and John Trimbur is a wonderful
assemblage of different contexts for critical reading and thinking. As one skims through the first
chapter of this book, almost immediately does it intrigue the reader to continue to progress through
the argumentative essays, visual illustrations, and notable references one is so familiar with. The
authors expressed their several definitions on the word "culture" and how it was used differently as
time passed by. The authors also expressed their thoughts on digital communication and presented
arguments from various writers who depict the pros and cons of this new cyber age of connectivity
and interactivity. Forty–eight pages of academically– acclaimed arguments, illustrations, and essay
examples help the reader understand what culture is and their composition course better.
Most Americans are not aware of the many definitions the word culture has had over its course of
existence in the English language. Some associate their knowledge of culture with one of Beethoven
's classic symphonies or with a beautiful painting by Picasso. These same individuals most often
classify their ideal of culture in two classes– high and low culture. As the authors state, "a cultured
person is someone who has achieved a certain level of refinement and
Hernandez, J.
Page 2/Summary #1
January 29, 2016
What interests one living in the 21st century is how the two terms in which culture is used are
ongoing in a

Cultural Diversity : Differences Between High- And Low...
Cultural Diversity: Differences between high– and low–context cultures
A culture of any region provides a complete framework to its inhabitants to how to organize
themselves, their actions and thoughts with respect to their environment. Thus culture is not innate;
instead it is learned by the people as they continue to live in that particular region. This culture
drives their thinking, actions and basically all kinds of interaction with their surroundings. Thus, it is
different for different areas and people from these areas learn different ways to interact by each
other(Neuliep, 2015).Moreover, people from different cultures differ from each other because of
their context in which they move about. This context plays an important role in providing meaning
to their interaction. There are some things that cannot be understood by verbal words alone; they
have to be justified by the context in which they exist. This has been argued by Edward Hall,
according to whom, "context carries varying proportions of the meaning" (Gamsrieglerm, 2005).
Because of these differences in interaction due to differences in the context in which these people
exist, culture has been divided into two sub–categories. One is high–context culture and the other is
low–context culture. These two terms are used to refer to the differences in culture between different
societies because of the difference in context, and have been suggested by a well–known U.S.
anthropologist Edward T. Hall (Hofstede, 2011).

Popular Culture
What is popular (low) culture? "Popular culture is a symbolic expression allegedly aligned with the
questionable tastes of the "masses," who enjoy commercial "junk" circulated by the mass media,
such as soap operas, rock music, talk radio, comic books, and monster truck pulls" (Campbell, 18).
When looking at the high–low hierarchy it often determines the way people view culture as a whole
today, saying high culture is good taste and low culture is questionable taste. Many audiences take
for granted the world of high culture and fine art causing many young people to not know where a
library or museum is located, which promotes people to overlook important information for a paper
or research project on a certain topics. Now many tend to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
This blurs the distinctions between fact and fiction, and of art and commerce. As exemplified by
Campbell, "Although endurance does not necessarily denote quality, in the view of many critics
better forms of culture have more staying power" (23). Democratic reasoning causes the popular
media to inhibit social audiences by promising that products will work for them. TV advertising and
daytime talk shows are two examples of undermining democratic reasoning. A lot of different
audiences are being seduced by the promise of products inhibiting social progress by transforming
them into social hypnotism. Multinational corporations are know from making large profits from
media products by distracting citizens into believing that they will see a change. Weight loss
commercials are known for seductive advertising showing toned, polished bodies on professional
models which often contradict the actual lives of human beings, who can only hope to achieve a
particular look. Many people do not have the financial means to obtain these cosmetic products seen
in many local stores. "So many people are addicted to the mass–produced media menus that they
have lost not only the will to challenge social inequalities but also their discriminating taste for finer
fare" (Campbell, 23). In relation, the popular story of Frankenstein written in 1818 talked about
abusing science and judging people on the basis of

Pop Culture Research Paper
What is pop culture? Pop culture is modern cultural patterns that are passed through mass media
through the use of an expression of society and the environment. It has been influenced by music,
movies, commercial advertisements and modern technology which has gotten popular throughout
the years. Pop culture has brought a battle either mocking or showing a low value of feminism in
pop culture. Many artists such as the famous, Madonna and other artists have portrayed feminism
through music and books throughout the years. The word "feminist" has many different meanings
such as birth control, abortion, wages and also it can be understood another way through a feminist
movement. Music has been a way pop culture has been a big influence in the feminist world. Pop
culture which the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She was known to be the entertainment icon because she was a pop singer and dancer in the 1980's.
Madonna was supported by feminist and was an idol to the society. She has portrayed herself very
powerful, independent, and strong women. She has shown women to be powerful, to feel sexy, and
to be independent. Madonna just hasn't expressed herself in music, she has also expressed herself in
magazines such as Vogue. She had been accepted by the sexist society and also patriarchal society
because of her images. Madonna has always focused on the importance of women and have their
voice being heard. She put forth her expression on sexuality and women's liberation, which changed
how the society saw women. Madonna empowered sex–inspiration in her music and her style.
Women in modern entertainment have options to influence their generations. In the in 1980's,
women were not allowed to be liberal or even have sexual musings that Madonna expressed.
Women were required to keep their womanliness away from public scrutiny. No one believed
Madonna or any women was capable of being fit for being a sex image in the

Advantages And Disadvantages And Uses Of Uber Services
Most of the users are adopting Uber services just because of the high degree of safety provided by
them. Women users prefer Uber more because they should feel the sense of safety. They should be
informed about the application easiness, price advantages and also usefulness about the Uber
services. More videos should be released expressing the app easiness, price discounts, offers etc. so
that more customers will start using Uber services as their means of transportation. Especially
women who are divorced or widow will be having a feeling of insecurity should feel the sense of
high safety to adopt this service. The advantages should be made aware of the women who don't
know driving or who doesn't own a driving license, etc.
This Bar chart says that users strongly agreeing with the suggestion of installing a panic button in
Uber so that in case of emergency traveler can press the button which will directly alarm at the
nearest police station. Very few who feel they are strong enough to deal with all these types of issues
alone are strongly disagreeing with this suggestion of panic button in Uber. Majority of the women
users are strongly agreeing with the installation of a panic button may be because they had already
faced a bad experience in their travel or scared to leave their girl children alone in ... Show more
These variables were adopted from the literature reviews and made face to face interviews with
around 10 women Uber users in Kochi still, among those four variables, two of them are showing
insignificant. Maybe a question regarding the perceived usefulness and perceived price advantage
interpreted negatively by the responders or adequate questions are lacking in numbers. A number of
responses are also low that is only 186 was the sample size from overall Kochi district for the

Monty Python And The Holy Grail 1975 Directed By Terry...
The infamous British film known as Monty Python and the Holy Grail 1975 directed by Terry
Gilliam and Terry Jones, was considered a cult classic among the comedy genre. But what made it
so significant among other films during that era, and why is does it still stand the test of time?
Classical films were originally considered more than just another form of entertainment. This form
of media allowed artist to visually express their personal views through the big screen. Some film
makers tend to lean more on either the avant–garde or political side of cinema to tell their story.
Being able to utilize film techniques in the most sophisticated ways to tell a narrative is a challenge,
but aesthetics are cognitively powerful within this art form. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It is a reaction to the concept of modernism; a style or movement in the arts that aims to depart
significantly from classical and traditional forms in the early 20th century. Postmodern lacks a
precise definition, but share many aspects of modernism. They are fueled by post–industrialization,
and driven by late capitalism. However, there are a few distinctions that make it quite deliberate
from its predecessor. According to Fredric Jameson 's theory, the experience of an art is mediated by
technology and/or capitalism so we no longer experience things as natural (Jameson 64)." In other
words there are effects that create this erosion of high culture and low culture. In addition of
devaluing historical contexts, while lacking an ideology because the focus on a surface image of the
art. Furthermore, it refocuses on the individual rather than the singular subject. The basic concept of
postmodernism is the refusal to think historically, and disdain for the thought of underlying reality
as actuality. Overall postmodernism is broad, but very retrospective in terms of content, form and
style within cinema. It is all about recycling materials in order to reproduce for the interest of the
individual being rather than a singularity subject. On the other hand, Monty Python and the Holy
Grail style and form are what separate itself from the masses of classical cinema, whether artistic or
mainstream. The writers, producers and directors of this film were developed

Summary Of The Pink Panther
Jeff Koons's Pink Panther is a piece of art that portrays an entertained, bare–breasted lady, attired in
a green dress. Her head tilts backward in a posture appearing as if she is talking to people around
her. She is modeled after the former Hollywood star, Jayne Mansfield. Additionally, the Pink
Panther, a famous cartoon character, calmly rests on the left shoulder of Mansfield while wearing a
hapless expression. Both figures were mass–market and pop culture knickknacks when the sculpture
was created. The work itself marked a crucial period of transformation in Koons's work and style.
His creations became brighter, bigger, and more startlingly cheerful. Koons surprised the public by
his brief realism and his resoluteness to depict the contemporary social and cultural situation. His
work could be understood as complex perspective on the present time. The image of the couple is
gratifyingly sophomoric. It depicts the lust for an object, which is accompanied by ingenuous
sentimentality. In general, the sculpture pinpoints everything Koons regards erroneous in the modern
American popular culture. Furthermore, the artwork portrays the way how people conduct
themselves in their daily activities and presents their common values and attitude to life. For
instance, the sculpture can be related to the problem of women's rights. Although the lady is utterly
sexualized and objectified, it is done in a vulgar way of a kitsch, which makes a viewer to think
about the status of woman in the modern society. In addition, utilizing recognizable celebrities as a
selling point could be considered a type of self–irony and reflection on the contemporary status of
art. Finally, the Pink Panther blurs the difference between an art object and a piece of everyday
culture and entertainment. In this regards, it stands out from other works of postmodernism.
Pink Panther by Jeff Koons
Introduction
Artistic work often forms a serious way of communication, and many artists use it to pass a message
to the society. Similarly, Jeff Koons provided us with funny yet intellectually stimulating art, even
though he was envied by many people who have consistently portrayed him as a cool–blooded cynic
(Graddy 233–37). His Pink Panther is a

A Report On A Private Transportation Company Named ' Uber '
Executive Summary
This report is about a private transportation company named "Uber". Uber is a company which
started its business roughly in 2010 and take over the transportation (taxi–industry) of US. By the
end of 2014 this company became international and took almost 80% of the customers. Such huge
and sudden success is remarkable indeed but such sudden success has also bought company a lot of
haters and competitors as well. This report will through light over the matter which should be
polished and which should be avoided in order to sustain a steady business in the market. All the
threats and potential opportunities are discussed in this paper. This paper also talks about the
accusations which company has been facing, it also ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Anderson 1150)
Main reason of the success of this lies in the fact that it tackled the issues of local taxi industry
which were becoming unbearable by the common people. For example ordinary taxis charge on the
basis of time spend while using the taxi (by customer) while Uber charges on the basis of distance.
In populated cities it was hectic to find taxi on urgent basis, Uber tackled this issue and gave service
which is handled by a smart phone app and claims to provide taxi with in exact 10 minutes of
ordering the service. In the start prices of Uber taxi services were high due to their high quality
services which left the customer range un–attended who prefer to pay less money to the taxi, but in
2012 Uber offered a service with a name Uber–X with comparatively less prices and a bit less
quality service (in terms of not providing first class taxis and a bit of delay in time), this service
gained the attention of those customers who were not in hurry while going somewhere (Brown 17).
This much coverage of taxi industry created a lot of issues in the local taxi industry where almost
80% of customers started using Uber, because of many facilities like one can travel without cash on
the spot, as all transactions are through credit cards, safety reasons, quality service reasons, urgent
service and etc.
Company Analysis

Haleigh Kushman Case Study
I have known Haleigh Kushman for around a year and a half. She is my friend/my brother Ridan's
girlfriend; which is how I know her. I see her at least 2 or 3 times per week; almost always at each
others homes, as we are neighbors. Her home is drug and alcohol free. I know Haleigh has not
driven a motorized vehicle since 8/17/12. To my knowledge, the last time that she consumed alcohol
was on 8/02/13. I have not seen, heard, or noticed anything unusual to lead me to believe that she
has had an alcoholic drink since then. I have never heard that Haleigh has tried illicit drugs. Since
her arrest, I am aware that she has been seeking treatment through her appointments with her
alcohol counselor Dr. Melissa Sandeer. I know that she also

Culture as a Process in Levine's Highbrow, Lowbrow Essay...
Culture as a Process in Levine's Highbrow, Lowbrow
In Highbrow, Lowbrow, Levine argues that a distinction between high and low culture that did not
exist in the first half of the 19th century emerged by the turn of the century and solidified during the
20th century, and that despite a move in the last few decades toward a more ecumenical
interpretation of "culture," the distinction between high art and popular entertainment and the
revering of a canon of sacred, inalterable cultural works persists. In the prologue Levine states that
one of his central arguments is that concepts of cultural boundaries have changed over the period he
treats. Throughout Highbrow, Lowbrow, Levine defines culture as a process rather than a fixed
entity, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Around the turn of the century, he argues that Americans lost their love of and patience with oratory.
At the same time, those who read Shakespeare's plays began to insist that the Bard's talent as a poet
went unappreciated when his plays were performed alongside farces, juggling acts, and other
popular forms of entertainment. Theatres began to perform Shakespeare's plays less frequently, and
isolated from the other acts that formerly accompanied them. Parodies and alterations of
Shakespeare became less popular and even seen as blasphemy. Shakespeare's works moved from the
body of common cultural knowledge to the realm of high art worthy of study by the elite and
educated, not crude enjoyment by the masses. This shift in conception of Shakespeare's place in
American culture did not happen suddenly and was not fully accepted, as evinced by the conflict
between Mcready and Forrest and the subsequent riots as the masses defended the rights of the
audience and the popular theatrical styles while the elite insisted that "discreet" audiences should be
privileged to view the plays enacted with more decorum. Those who wished to divorce Shakespeare
from popular culture appear to have won in the 20th century, as Shakespeare is now viewed as an
artist to be admired and studied but whose works aren't accessible to the population as a whole, and
are certainly not to be compared with popular entertainment, despite their origins as such.

What Is Internal Conflict In Uber
Shareholders are individuals or organizations who own a share from the company and earn a part of
the organization's profit. In Uber, Benchmark Capital is one of the first investors of the organization
and biggest shareholder with 13% shares in the company and 20 voting points which represents a
high authority for decision making. However, an internal conflict between Benchmark Capital and
Travis Kalanick, co–founder and ex–CEO of Uber wherein Benchmark is suing Kalanick due to
fraud, breach of fiduciary duty and breach of contract by secreted decisive information regarding
organization's problems from the board in order to attain personal advantages. These issues were
"Kalanick's participation in...an Uber executive's alleged theft of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
(Etherington, 2017) Almost 70 Billion valuation that can easily attract more investors for more
expansion.
Low resources needed– Uber don't own any single cars or expansion to different cities needs less
investments and infrastructures are not needed for expansion.
Competitive pricing strategy– Uber fare is lower than Taxi which is create a rapid growth in the
market. Moreover, Uber use a dynamic pricing strategy wherein prices varies depending on the
current demand of the riders and it encourages the drivers to work in a busy hour due to a higher rate
that can still maintain the quality of Uber service.
4.2 Weakness
Uncontrollable service. Uber services relies to the behavior, action, and personality of the Uber
drivers. They are the face of the company, where all of the drivers represents the brand of Uber and
their interaction to the riders always varies and to set a standard service will be considered an
realistic in this organization.
Extremely dependent on Internet. Uber connects passengers and drivers through internet. Service is
greatly affected if a poor or low connection is experienced in an area. (Algrain

Communication Style and Cultural Features in High/Low...
Communication Style and Cultural Features in High/Low Context Communication Cultures: A Case
Study of Finland, Japan and India
Shoji Nishimura1, Anne Nevgi2 and Seppo Tella3
1 Waseda University, Japan
2 Department of Education, University of Helsinki
3 Department of Applied Sciences of Education, University of Helsinki
Abstract
People from different countries communicate in ways that often lead to misunder–standings. Our
argument, based on Hall's theory of high/low context cultures (1959, 1966, 1976, 1983), is that these
differences are related to different communication cultures. We argue that Japan and Finland belong
to high context cultures, while In–dia is closer to a low context culture with certain high context
cultural features. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cultural issues mean certain societal factors, such as the country's status, history, religion and
traditions. Cultural issues also include Hofstede's (2008) individualism vs. collectivism dimension.
Communication style in a high vs. low context culture
In HC cultures, communication style is influenced by the closeness of human rela–tionships, well–
structured social hierarchy, and strong behavioural norms (Kim et al., 1998, p. 512). In a high
context (HC) culture, internal meaning is usually embedded deep in the information, so not
everything is explicitly stated in writing or when spo–ken. In an HC culture, the listener is expected
to be able to read "between the lines", to understand the unsaid, thanks to his or her background
knowledge. Hall (1976, p. 91) emphasised that "a high–context communication or message is one in
which most of the information is either in the physical context or internalised in the person, while
very little is in the coded, explicit, or transmitted part of the message".
In an HC culture, people tend to speak one after another in a linear way, so the speaker is seldom
interrupted. Communication is, according to Gudykunst and Ting–Toomey (1988), indirect,
ambiguous, harmonious, reserved and understated. In an HC culture, communication involves more
of the information in the physical context or internalised in the person; greater confidence is placed
in the non–verbal aspects of communication than the verbal aspects (Hall,

Pop Culture's Influence in White Noise

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