Themes of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManFatima Gul
The document discusses several major themes in James Joyce's novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. These include Stephen's rejection of authority and struggle for independence, his development as an artist, his pride and egotism, sin as a liberating force, life as a maze of confusion, his search for identity, dissatisfaction with his surroundings, the role of language and communication, criticism of religion and spirituality, the instability of home, and the centrality of literature and writing to Stephen's life and journey.
George Eliot included many autobiographical elements in her novel Mill on the Floss. Several characters and events parallel aspects of Eliot's own life. Tom and Maggie drowning at the end mirrors Eliot's grandfather drowning. Maggie's love affair with the committed Stephen Guest reflects Eliot's own relationship with the married George Lewes. Tom represents Eliot's brother Isaac, while Maggie's character incorporates many details from Eliot's own childhood that portray her as a somewhat unruly and unconventional child, similar to how others saw Eliot. Overall, the novel closely mirrors Eliot's life and experiences in its portrayal of the Tulliver family and characters.
The concept of imagination in biographia literariaDayamani Surya
Coleridge's Biographia Literaria discusses his concepts of imagination and fancy. He divides the mind into two faculties: primary imagination, which is a creative power that mimics the divine principle of creation; and secondary imagination, which relies on the will to recreate primary imagination. Coleridge coined the term "esemplastic" to describe imagination's ability to shape multiple ideas into a unified whole. In contrast, fancy is a mechanical, passive faculty that accumulates facts but cannot create anything new. Coleridge viewed imagination as the primary creative force in writing.
The French Lieutenant's Woman by John Fowles is a historical fiction novel set in 1867 that follows Charles Smithson and Sarah Woodruff. Charles is engaged to Ernestina Freeman but falls in love with Sarah, a mysterious woman who lives alone after being abandoned by her lover. The novel explores their relationship amid the social constraints of Victorian England. It also features a narrator who comments on the story and writing process, highlighting the constructed nature of fiction.
The document discusses four main themes from A Doll's House:
1) The difference between appearances and reality, as Nora pretends to be a happy housewife but is actually unhappy.
2) The sacrificial role expected of women to pretend happiness for their husband's sake.
3) The different parental roles and obligations expected of mothers and fathers in Victorian society.
4) The importance placed on maintaining proper appearances and avoiding scandal in the social realm, even if reality differs.
Themes of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManFatima Gul
The document discusses several major themes in James Joyce's novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. These include Stephen's rejection of authority and struggle for independence, his development as an artist, his pride and egotism, sin as a liberating force, life as a maze of confusion, his search for identity, dissatisfaction with his surroundings, the role of language and communication, criticism of religion and spirituality, the instability of home, and the centrality of literature and writing to Stephen's life and journey.
George Eliot included many autobiographical elements in her novel Mill on the Floss. Several characters and events parallel aspects of Eliot's own life. Tom and Maggie drowning at the end mirrors Eliot's grandfather drowning. Maggie's love affair with the committed Stephen Guest reflects Eliot's own relationship with the married George Lewes. Tom represents Eliot's brother Isaac, while Maggie's character incorporates many details from Eliot's own childhood that portray her as a somewhat unruly and unconventional child, similar to how others saw Eliot. Overall, the novel closely mirrors Eliot's life and experiences in its portrayal of the Tulliver family and characters.
The concept of imagination in biographia literariaDayamani Surya
Coleridge's Biographia Literaria discusses his concepts of imagination and fancy. He divides the mind into two faculties: primary imagination, which is a creative power that mimics the divine principle of creation; and secondary imagination, which relies on the will to recreate primary imagination. Coleridge coined the term "esemplastic" to describe imagination's ability to shape multiple ideas into a unified whole. In contrast, fancy is a mechanical, passive faculty that accumulates facts but cannot create anything new. Coleridge viewed imagination as the primary creative force in writing.
The French Lieutenant's Woman by John Fowles is a historical fiction novel set in 1867 that follows Charles Smithson and Sarah Woodruff. Charles is engaged to Ernestina Freeman but falls in love with Sarah, a mysterious woman who lives alone after being abandoned by her lover. The novel explores their relationship amid the social constraints of Victorian England. It also features a narrator who comments on the story and writing process, highlighting the constructed nature of fiction.
The document discusses four main themes from A Doll's House:
1) The difference between appearances and reality, as Nora pretends to be a happy housewife but is actually unhappy.
2) The sacrificial role expected of women to pretend happiness for their husband's sake.
3) The different parental roles and obligations expected of mothers and fathers in Victorian society.
4) The importance placed on maintaining proper appearances and avoiding scandal in the social realm, even if reality differs.
David Herbert Lawrence was a British writer born in 1885 in Eastwood, England. Some of his notable works include the novels Sons and Lovers and Lady Chatterley's Lover. Sons and Lovers, published in 1913, is semi-autobiographical and focuses on the protagonist Paul Morel and his complex relationship with his mother. It explores themes of social class differences and Freudian psychoanalysis. The story follows Paul's love interests in Miriam and Clara and how he struggles with his mother's suffocating control over him. Lawrence drew from his own upbringing and relationships in the former mining community of Eastwood as inspiration for the novel.
The presentation of "Mourning becomes Electra" presented at MKBU Department of English for M.A external guidance lectures. The presentation contains every aspects which play explores. It will be fruitful to grasp the concepts of the play by this presentation.
Setting and theme-critical analysis- mill on the flossLaiba Farooq
The document summarizes key themes and settings of the novel "The Mill on the Floss" by George Eliot. It is set in early 19th century England during the Victorian era in the fictional town of St. Ogg's. Major themes explored include the role of knowledge versus ignorance in society, the power of childhood memories, constraints faced by women due to social expectations, and the influence of society on individuals. Maggie Tulliver struggles against the limited roles and education permitted to women, while her cousin Lucy represents traditional Victorian femininity.
This presentation is a part of my academic presentation of The Renaissance literature Semester 1 of Department English MA English, MKBU and it is submitted to Prof. Dr. Dilip Barad Sir.
The document provides background information on John Keats and analyzes his poem "Ode on a Grecian Urn". It discusses Keats' concept of "negative capability" and how the urn symbolizes eternal beauty and truth. The document then analyzes each stanza of the poem, describing the scenes depicted on the urn and how they represent immortalized art over mortal human experiences. It concludes that the urn's enduring message to mankind is Keats' famous line "Beauty is truth, truth beauty".
Modern drama features themes of realism, absurdism, and naturalism rather than supernatural elements and fate. Some key characteristics include: naturalism as shown through Ibsen's A Doll's House depicting the domination of women; absurdism through Synge's Playboy of the Western World where people accept absurd things; and realism in Albee's The Zoo Story about how civilization makes people introverted. Modern playwrights like Ibsen, Shaw, Albee, and Miller incorporated these themes and styles.
The document discusses gender roles and expectations for women in 19th century Norway as portrayed in A Doll's House. It summarizes that women were expected to marry, have children and stay at home while relying on male relatives for financial support. Nora and other female characters are forced to deceive or compromise their integrity to survive within these confines. The relationship between Mrs. Linde and Krogstad represents a more equitable dynamic that Nora desires by the end of the play. Deception and financial issues are recurring themes that reveal the corrupting influence of the rigid gender roles of the time.
A portrait of the artist as a young newsidra safder
This document provides an overview and analysis of James Joyce's semi-autobiographical novel "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man". It summarizes the plot, which follows the life and intellectual development of the main character Stephen Dedalus from childhood to young adulthood. It also outlines some of the major themes in the novel like innocence and experience, religion and freedom. Key symbols like music and bats are mentioned. Stylistic techniques used by Joyce like stream of consciousness are also highlighted.
Significance of the title of ‘Moth Smoke.’AleeenaFarooq
The document provides an analysis of the title and significance of the novel "Moth Smoke" by Mohsin Hamid. It discusses how the title is symbolic and metaphoric in nature. The moth represents characters who are helplessly and dangerously attracted to unattainable things or people, like a moth drawn to a flame. The smoke suggests the empty dreams and desires of characters that come to nothing and end up forgotten. The relationship between the moth, smoke and candle (representing people in the love triangle of Daru, Ozi and Mumtaz) is also explored. The title encapsulates the themes of reckless behavior, downward spirals and the shadows of history that characters are entrapped within.
The theory of Impersonality by T.S. Eliot Monir Hossen
This document discusses T.S. Eliot's theory of impersonality in poetry. It provides context around Eliot's views as expressed in some of his early essays. While Eliot advocated for impersonality and focusing on the poetry rather than the poet, the document notes that critics have argued Eliot often smuggled his own personality back into his works. It also examines Eliot's use of first-person pronouns in some of his poems like "The Waste Land" and "Ash Wednesday" to show how exploring impersonality through pronouns is not entirely reliable given Eliot's use of persona.
Aristotle Poetics concepts of Tragedy and PlotAleeenaFarooq
Aristotle analyzed Greek tragedies and developed a theory about the ideal form of tragedy. He believed tragedy should involve a serious action that evokes pity and fear in the audience. The main character, or tragic hero, should be generally good but make a significant error that leads to their downfall. This allows the audience to feel pity for the character. Well-written tragedies also have unity of plot, a reversal of fortune for the main character, and use language and drama to purge the emotions of pity and fear in the audience. Aristotle's analysis set standards for plot, character, and language that influenced playwrights for centuries.
This document provides a summary of Samuel Taylor Coleridge's 1817 work Biographia Literaria. It discusses that the work is a critical text divided into 24 chapters where Coleridge presents his views on the nature and functions of poetry. Specifically, it examines Coleridge's definition of a poem as an "organic whole" and his distinction between imagination and fancy. It also analyzes Coleridge's concept of primary imagination as the living power that mimics divine creation and shapes perception, as well as his description of the imagination's "esemplastic" ability to shape disparate ideas into one coherent whole.
T.S. Eliot was one of the most influential literary critics of the 20th century. As a critic, he argued for the importance of tradition and history in poetry. He defended the metaphysical poets like Donne for their inventive use of conceits. Eliot also believed that poets after the 17th century experienced a "dissociation of sensibility" where they could no longer fuse thought and emotion. As a poet himself, Eliot's works helped change modern literature with poems like The Waste Land.
The document discusses Oscar Wilde's views on art, criticism, and aesthetics as expressed in his essay "The Critic as Artist". It summarizes some of Wilde's key points:
1. Wilde argues that criticism is a higher art form than artistic creation and that critics are themselves artists who chronicle their own impressions of works of art.
2. He believes the critic occupies the same relationship to the work they are criticizing as an artist does to the visible or conceptual world that inspires them.
3. For Wilde, the highest art is criticism because it involves creating a work within another work, free of the constraints of realistic representation.
Word processor of the God by Stephen King Goliath by Neil Gaiman TanzeelRehman40
The document provides summaries of two short stories - "Word Processor of the Gods" by Stephen King and "Goliath" by Neil Gaiman. For the King story, it summarizes the plot where a man receives a mysterious word processor that allows him to manipulate reality but breaks down. He uses it to erase his disliked family members from existence. For the Gaiman story, it describes Goliath, a genetically engineered man who is sent on a mission to destroy attacking aliens. Both stories explore themes of how technology can impact humanity.
This document discusses the seven deadly sins and their origin in medieval times. It provides examples of each sin: pride, wrath, envy, covetousness, gluttony, and sloth. The document then discusses how Christopher Marlowe illustrated the seven deadly sins in his play "Dr. Faustus," in which the main character Faustus sells his soul to the devil and is led down a path of committing the deadly sins. The devils put on a parade of the seven deadly sins to entertain Faustus and lure him further from salvation. Pride leads the procession, as pride was seen as the root of all sins.
William Butler Yeats was a modern poet known for his use of Irish folklore and mythology in his works. While his early poems celebrated the Romantic ideals found in Irish legends, his style became more Modernist in response to World War I and the Irish civil war. Yeats was influenced by occult ideas and used complex symbols and themes of mysticism in his poetry. His works also reflected the disillusionment and pessimism common in modern poetry during that turbulent time period.
Samuel Johnson wrote a preface to Shakespeare analyzing his works. He praised Shakespeare's ability to create universally understood characters despite differences in place and time. However, he also acknowledged Shakespeare's faults, such as neglecting moral lessons, weak plots, and stretching out stories too long. While Shakespeare disregarded the classical unities of time and place in drama, Johnson argued the unity of action was most important, and praised how Shakespeare's plots followed from consistent characters and affecting incidents.
A feminist critical approach to ibsen’s a doll’swmstutts925
This document provides a feminist critical analysis of Henrik Ibsen's play A Doll's House. It summarizes that the play examines how Nora's husband treats her as his property rather than as an individual. It is not until their final confrontation that Nora realizes she can be her own person, leading her to decide to leave at the end of the play. The passage cited asserts Nora's belief that she is a human being equal to her husband, and she aims to become one. Throughout, Helmer treats Nora like a child or doll rather than recognizing her full humanity and individuality.
I am Faisal Niazi I am going to upload my Presentation on topic Feminism. I want to share it with you, and i hope it would be helpful for you in preparing assignments or presentaations.
thanx
If you have any problem than you can also contact with me by email faisalzadeykhel@gmail.com
David Herbert Lawrence was a British writer born in 1885 in Eastwood, England. Some of his notable works include the novels Sons and Lovers and Lady Chatterley's Lover. Sons and Lovers, published in 1913, is semi-autobiographical and focuses on the protagonist Paul Morel and his complex relationship with his mother. It explores themes of social class differences and Freudian psychoanalysis. The story follows Paul's love interests in Miriam and Clara and how he struggles with his mother's suffocating control over him. Lawrence drew from his own upbringing and relationships in the former mining community of Eastwood as inspiration for the novel.
The presentation of "Mourning becomes Electra" presented at MKBU Department of English for M.A external guidance lectures. The presentation contains every aspects which play explores. It will be fruitful to grasp the concepts of the play by this presentation.
Setting and theme-critical analysis- mill on the flossLaiba Farooq
The document summarizes key themes and settings of the novel "The Mill on the Floss" by George Eliot. It is set in early 19th century England during the Victorian era in the fictional town of St. Ogg's. Major themes explored include the role of knowledge versus ignorance in society, the power of childhood memories, constraints faced by women due to social expectations, and the influence of society on individuals. Maggie Tulliver struggles against the limited roles and education permitted to women, while her cousin Lucy represents traditional Victorian femininity.
This presentation is a part of my academic presentation of The Renaissance literature Semester 1 of Department English MA English, MKBU and it is submitted to Prof. Dr. Dilip Barad Sir.
The document provides background information on John Keats and analyzes his poem "Ode on a Grecian Urn". It discusses Keats' concept of "negative capability" and how the urn symbolizes eternal beauty and truth. The document then analyzes each stanza of the poem, describing the scenes depicted on the urn and how they represent immortalized art over mortal human experiences. It concludes that the urn's enduring message to mankind is Keats' famous line "Beauty is truth, truth beauty".
Modern drama features themes of realism, absurdism, and naturalism rather than supernatural elements and fate. Some key characteristics include: naturalism as shown through Ibsen's A Doll's House depicting the domination of women; absurdism through Synge's Playboy of the Western World where people accept absurd things; and realism in Albee's The Zoo Story about how civilization makes people introverted. Modern playwrights like Ibsen, Shaw, Albee, and Miller incorporated these themes and styles.
The document discusses gender roles and expectations for women in 19th century Norway as portrayed in A Doll's House. It summarizes that women were expected to marry, have children and stay at home while relying on male relatives for financial support. Nora and other female characters are forced to deceive or compromise their integrity to survive within these confines. The relationship between Mrs. Linde and Krogstad represents a more equitable dynamic that Nora desires by the end of the play. Deception and financial issues are recurring themes that reveal the corrupting influence of the rigid gender roles of the time.
A portrait of the artist as a young newsidra safder
This document provides an overview and analysis of James Joyce's semi-autobiographical novel "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man". It summarizes the plot, which follows the life and intellectual development of the main character Stephen Dedalus from childhood to young adulthood. It also outlines some of the major themes in the novel like innocence and experience, religion and freedom. Key symbols like music and bats are mentioned. Stylistic techniques used by Joyce like stream of consciousness are also highlighted.
Significance of the title of ‘Moth Smoke.’AleeenaFarooq
The document provides an analysis of the title and significance of the novel "Moth Smoke" by Mohsin Hamid. It discusses how the title is symbolic and metaphoric in nature. The moth represents characters who are helplessly and dangerously attracted to unattainable things or people, like a moth drawn to a flame. The smoke suggests the empty dreams and desires of characters that come to nothing and end up forgotten. The relationship between the moth, smoke and candle (representing people in the love triangle of Daru, Ozi and Mumtaz) is also explored. The title encapsulates the themes of reckless behavior, downward spirals and the shadows of history that characters are entrapped within.
The theory of Impersonality by T.S. Eliot Monir Hossen
This document discusses T.S. Eliot's theory of impersonality in poetry. It provides context around Eliot's views as expressed in some of his early essays. While Eliot advocated for impersonality and focusing on the poetry rather than the poet, the document notes that critics have argued Eliot often smuggled his own personality back into his works. It also examines Eliot's use of first-person pronouns in some of his poems like "The Waste Land" and "Ash Wednesday" to show how exploring impersonality through pronouns is not entirely reliable given Eliot's use of persona.
Aristotle Poetics concepts of Tragedy and PlotAleeenaFarooq
Aristotle analyzed Greek tragedies and developed a theory about the ideal form of tragedy. He believed tragedy should involve a serious action that evokes pity and fear in the audience. The main character, or tragic hero, should be generally good but make a significant error that leads to their downfall. This allows the audience to feel pity for the character. Well-written tragedies also have unity of plot, a reversal of fortune for the main character, and use language and drama to purge the emotions of pity and fear in the audience. Aristotle's analysis set standards for plot, character, and language that influenced playwrights for centuries.
This document provides a summary of Samuel Taylor Coleridge's 1817 work Biographia Literaria. It discusses that the work is a critical text divided into 24 chapters where Coleridge presents his views on the nature and functions of poetry. Specifically, it examines Coleridge's definition of a poem as an "organic whole" and his distinction between imagination and fancy. It also analyzes Coleridge's concept of primary imagination as the living power that mimics divine creation and shapes perception, as well as his description of the imagination's "esemplastic" ability to shape disparate ideas into one coherent whole.
T.S. Eliot was one of the most influential literary critics of the 20th century. As a critic, he argued for the importance of tradition and history in poetry. He defended the metaphysical poets like Donne for their inventive use of conceits. Eliot also believed that poets after the 17th century experienced a "dissociation of sensibility" where they could no longer fuse thought and emotion. As a poet himself, Eliot's works helped change modern literature with poems like The Waste Land.
The document discusses Oscar Wilde's views on art, criticism, and aesthetics as expressed in his essay "The Critic as Artist". It summarizes some of Wilde's key points:
1. Wilde argues that criticism is a higher art form than artistic creation and that critics are themselves artists who chronicle their own impressions of works of art.
2. He believes the critic occupies the same relationship to the work they are criticizing as an artist does to the visible or conceptual world that inspires them.
3. For Wilde, the highest art is criticism because it involves creating a work within another work, free of the constraints of realistic representation.
Word processor of the God by Stephen King Goliath by Neil Gaiman TanzeelRehman40
The document provides summaries of two short stories - "Word Processor of the Gods" by Stephen King and "Goliath" by Neil Gaiman. For the King story, it summarizes the plot where a man receives a mysterious word processor that allows him to manipulate reality but breaks down. He uses it to erase his disliked family members from existence. For the Gaiman story, it describes Goliath, a genetically engineered man who is sent on a mission to destroy attacking aliens. Both stories explore themes of how technology can impact humanity.
This document discusses the seven deadly sins and their origin in medieval times. It provides examples of each sin: pride, wrath, envy, covetousness, gluttony, and sloth. The document then discusses how Christopher Marlowe illustrated the seven deadly sins in his play "Dr. Faustus," in which the main character Faustus sells his soul to the devil and is led down a path of committing the deadly sins. The devils put on a parade of the seven deadly sins to entertain Faustus and lure him further from salvation. Pride leads the procession, as pride was seen as the root of all sins.
William Butler Yeats was a modern poet known for his use of Irish folklore and mythology in his works. While his early poems celebrated the Romantic ideals found in Irish legends, his style became more Modernist in response to World War I and the Irish civil war. Yeats was influenced by occult ideas and used complex symbols and themes of mysticism in his poetry. His works also reflected the disillusionment and pessimism common in modern poetry during that turbulent time period.
Samuel Johnson wrote a preface to Shakespeare analyzing his works. He praised Shakespeare's ability to create universally understood characters despite differences in place and time. However, he also acknowledged Shakespeare's faults, such as neglecting moral lessons, weak plots, and stretching out stories too long. While Shakespeare disregarded the classical unities of time and place in drama, Johnson argued the unity of action was most important, and praised how Shakespeare's plots followed from consistent characters and affecting incidents.
A feminist critical approach to ibsen’s a doll’swmstutts925
This document provides a feminist critical analysis of Henrik Ibsen's play A Doll's House. It summarizes that the play examines how Nora's husband treats her as his property rather than as an individual. It is not until their final confrontation that Nora realizes she can be her own person, leading her to decide to leave at the end of the play. The passage cited asserts Nora's belief that she is a human being equal to her husband, and she aims to become one. Throughout, Helmer treats Nora like a child or doll rather than recognizing her full humanity and individuality.
I am Faisal Niazi I am going to upload my Presentation on topic Feminism. I want to share it with you, and i hope it would be helpful for you in preparing assignments or presentaations.
thanx
If you have any problem than you can also contact with me by email faisalzadeykhel@gmail.com
The Bharti Foundation runs the Satya Bharti School program to provide free education to underprivileged children across rural India, with a focus on girls. One such school is located in Bodiya ki Dhani village in Jaipur, Rajasthan. The students and teachers at this school organized activities to raise awareness about the dowry system and encourage the community to end this practice. They performed role plays and rallies to educate villagers on the harms of dowry. As a result, community members pledged to no longer participate in the dowry system. Both the students and teachers felt empowered by their efforts to create positive change in their community.
Feminist therapy aims to promote equality and empowerment. Key goals include developing egalitarian relationships, challenging gender stereotypes, and analyzing power dynamics and social influences. Common techniques used in feminist therapy include consciousness-raising, exploring gender roles and power, appropriate self-disclosure, bibliotherapy, assertiveness training, reframing, and relabelling. Feminist therapists work to empower clients on personal, interpersonal, and sociopolitical levels.
Feminism advocates for women's political, social, and economic equality to men. There are many forms of feminism that have developed over time with different focuses, such as liberal feminism which focuses on legal equality, Marxist feminism which views capitalism as oppressive, and radical feminism which sees patriarchy as the primary form of oppression. Feminist epistemology posits that women have different ways of knowing and understanding the world than men. Feminist research aims to re-vision the traditionally male-centered perspectives and address discrimination based on gender differences.
Feminism sees socio-economic ideas as the cause of women's historical disadvantage, unlike Marxism which focused on class. Literature was seen by feminism to construct unfair views of women that reinforced stereotypes. As gender studies developed, notions of both femininity and masculinity, and their representations, were examined.
Women played an important role in the civil rights movement and saw a second wave of feminism emerge that focused on cultural, social and political aspects of women's rights. This movement addressed cultural representations of women as well as social issues and greater political participation through organized movements.
This document provides an analysis of symbolism and themes in Henrik Ibsen's play "A Doll's House." It discusses various metaphors and symbols used in the play, including Nora being treated like a doll in a doll house by her father and husband. It also analyzes the symbolism of names Torvald calls Nora, as well as objects like her fancy dress, the Christmas tree, and doors opening and closing. The document concludes by arguing that "A Doll's House" can be considered a modern tragedy as it presents an ordinary woman's journey toward self-liberation in a patriarchal society through the use of deception.
This document provides an overview of feminism. It defines feminism as seeking equal political, economic, and social rights for women. The history is divided into three waves - first wave feminism focused on women's suffrage and education/employment rights, second wave feminism addressed legal and social inequality, and third wave feminism challenges definitions of femininity and embraces diversity. It also outlines different types of feminism like radical, liberal, and socialist feminism and their goals.
This document discusses feminism and key feminist theories related to media representation. It covers the history of feminism from first wave to third wave feminism and debates around post-feminism. It outlines several influential feminist theorists and their arguments, including Laura Mulvey's concept of the male gaze and objectification of women in film. It also discusses criticisms of some feminist perspectives and debates around representations of gender in media like soap operas. Feminist theory provides a lens for critically analyzing gender representations and their social impacts across different media forms and texts.
This document discusses different types of feminist literary criticism and feminist theories. It begins by defining feminist literary criticism as being concerned with women's roles as portrayed in texts and how women are constructed through literature. It then outlines three main feminist theories: liberal/moderate feminism focuses on cultural and psychological factors leading to women's oppression; radical feminism argues that male supremacy and the patriarchal family are the root causes; and socialist/Marxist feminism sees women's subordination as stemming from economic factors within capitalism. Examples of key thinkers from each theory are provided.
This document discusses feminism and post-feminism in media. It begins by providing context about pre-feminist era attitudes and the emergence of 1960s feminism in challenging patriarchal power structures. It then discusses Laura Mulvey's theory of the "male gaze" and how women are presented as passive objects. Post-feminism developed after 1960s feminism and believes women have gained equality but still face pressures to be feminine, attractive, have careers and families. Modern media is analyzed through a post-feminist lens by examining how gender roles and attributes are portrayed.
The document discusses and compares post-feminism and third-wave feminism. It questions whether equality has truly been achieved with post-feminism and argues it has been used to depoliticize and oppress women by promoting traditional gender roles. Third-wave feminism acknowledges advances but aims to be more inclusive by considering a broader range of social perspectives and recognizing gender as more fluid.
This document provides an overview of feminism and post-feminism. It discusses the women's movement in Europe and America in the late 1960s and early 1970s, including socialist feminism and radical feminism. It also covers feminist theory emerging from works in that time period. The document then discusses post-feminism in the 1980s and 1990s, and how feminism examines patriarchal constructions of women in areas like advertisements. Specific feminist theorists like Elaine Showalter and Luce Irigaray are mentioned. The document concludes by noting how feminism in cultural studies focuses on representations of women and their bodies.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in feminism and gender theory, including:
- Definitions of feminism and a brief history covering first, second, and third-wave feminism.
- Summaries of the work and ideas of prominent theorists Angela McRobbie and Judith Butler. McRobbie studied youth culture and gender, while Butler argued that gender is a social construct and performance rather than a stable identity.
- An introduction to queer theory and how it builds on Butler's work to question traditional definitions of sex, gender, and sexuality.
This document discusses various concepts related to post-feminism, third-wave feminism, and feminist thinkers. It explores ideas such as gender being more fluid and constructed than rigidly defined; empowerment and celebration of femininity; women wielding sexual power; and choosing liberation over victimhood. Several feminist authors are mentioned, including Camille Paglia, Susan Faludi, bell hooks, and Naomi Wolf, alongside their critiques of beauty standards, backlash against feminism, and marriage within patriarchal societies.
This document discusses feminism in music from the 1990s to present day, focusing on Beyonce as a feminist icon. It provides definitions of feminism and examples of 1990s songs promoting women's empowerment. While some of Beyonce's earlier songs with Destiny's Child and solo portrayed strong, independent women, her 2013 self-titled album included songs seen as encouraging women to please men. Her song "Flawless" featured a feminist speech but was about her own flawlessness. Overall, the document questions whether Beyonce still promotes feminism through her music and image.
The document summarizes the history and key aspects of three waves of feminism:
First wave feminism emerged in the late 19th century and focused on gaining legal rights like suffrage, education access, and property rights. It largely involved upper class white women. The second wave began in the 1960s and addressed issues like employment discrimination, reproductive rights, and cultural representations of women. It was more diverse but also divided. The third wave from the 1980s onward incorporated issues of race, sexuality and backlash while critiquing aspects of previous waves. It emphasized diversity and countercultures over direct political action alone.
This document summarizes Elaine Showalter's work and contributions to feminist literary criticism. It discusses her division of feminist criticism into the "Woman as Reader" and "Woman as Writer" frameworks. It also summarizes Showalter's concept of the three phases of feminist literature - the Feminine phase, the Feminist phase, and the Female phase. The document concludes by discussing Showalter's advocacy for approaching feminist criticism from a cultural perspective that acknowledges differences among women writers.
MAXINE HONG KINGSTONTHE WOMAN WARRIORMaxine HongAbramMartino96
MAXINE HONG KINGSTON
THE WOMAN WARRIOR
Maxine Hong Kingston is Senior Lecturer for Creative Writing at the
University of California, Berkeley. For her memoirs and fiction, The
Fifth Book of Peace, The Woman Warrior, China Men, Tripmaster
Monkey, and Hawai’i One Summer, Kingston has earned numerous
awards, among them the National Book Award, the National Book
Critics Circle Award for Nonfiction, the PEN West Award for Fiction,
an American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters Literature
Award, and a National Humanities Medal from the National
Endowment for the Humanities, as well as the rare title of “Living
Treasure of Hawai’i.”
2
ALSO BY MAXINE HONG KINGSTON
China Men
Tripmaster Monkey
Hawai’i One Summer
The Fifth Book of Peace
3
4
To Mother and Father
5
Contents
No Name Woman
White Tigers
Shaman
At the Western Palace
A Song for a Barbarian Reed Pipe
6
No
Name
Woman
7
“You must not tell anyone,” my mother said, “what I am about to tell you.
In China your father had a sister who killed herself. She jumped into the
family well. We say that your father has all brothers because it is as if she
had never been born.
“In 1924 just a few days after our village celebrated seventeen hurry-up
weddings—to make sure that every young man who went ‘out on the road’
would responsibly come home—your father and his brothers and your
grandfather and his brothers and your aunt’s new husband sailed for
America, the Gold Mountain. It was your grandfather’s last trip. Those
lucky enough to get contracts waved goodbye from the decks. They fed and
guarded the stowaways and helped them off in Cuba, New York, Bali,
Hawaii. ‘We’ll meet in California next year,’ they said. All of them sent
money home.
“I remember looking at your aunt one day when she and I were dressing; I
had not noticed before that she had such a protruding melon of a stomach.
But I did not think, ‘She’s pregnant,’ until she began to look like other
pregnant women, her shirt pulling and the white tops of her black pants
showing. She could not have been pregnant, you see, because her husband
had been gone for years. No one said anything. We did not discuss it. In
early summer she was ready to have the child, long after the time when it
could have been possible.
“The village had also been counting. On the night the baby was to be born
the villagers raided our house. Some were crying. Like a great saw, teeth
strung with lights, files of people walked zigzag across our land, tearing the
rice. Their lanterns doubled in the disturbed black water, which drained
away through the broken bunds. As the villagers closed in, we could see that
some of them, probably men and women we knew well, wore white masks.
The people with long hair hung it over their faces. Women with short hair
made it stand up on end. Some had tied white bands around their foreheads,
arms, and legs.
“At first they threw mud and rocks at the house. Then they threw eggs and
began slaughtering our stock. ...
This document summarizes and discusses feminism in Chinua Achebe's novel Things Fall Apart and Amma Darko's novel The Housemaid. In Things Fall Apart, women are generally oppressed and subordinate to men in the traditional Ibo society, though some women like Chielo the priestess hold powerful spiritual positions. The Housemaid portrays women as struggling to survive through cunning and resilience rather than passive victims. Both works are discussed in the context of exploring the roles and treatment of women in their respective societies from a feminist perspective.
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Write Bibliography Essay. Online assignment writing service.Lisa Long
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The document provides an analysis of feminist themes in Buchi Emecheta's novel "The Joys of Motherhood" from a student presentation. It summarizes that the novel explores the difficulties facing women in traditional African societies, highlighting issues like gender inequality, defined gender roles, men's dominance over women, lack of freedom and education for women, and the importance of motherhood. The analysis finds that the novel presents these "feminist ideological issues" through the story of the main character Nnu Ego and her experiences in the patriarchal Igbo society in Nigeria.
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The indispensable literary terms and techniques by Swarnanada gamage.Literary techniques refers to any specific, deliberate constructions of language which an author uses to convey meaning. An author’s use of a literary technique usually occurs with a single word or phrase, or a particular group of words or phrases, at one single point in a text. Unlike literary elements, literary techniques are not necessarily present in every text.
Literary terms refers to the words themselves with which we identify and describe literary elements and techniques. They are not found in literature and they are not “used” by authors.
World University Rankings 2014-2015 methodology
Underpinning the World University Rankings 2014-2015 is a sophisticated exercise in information-gathering and analysis: here we detail the criteria used to assess the global academy's greatest universities
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We employ 13 carefully calibrated performance indicators to provide the most comprehensive and balanced comparisons, which are trusted by students, academics, university leaders, industry and governments.
The methodology for the 2014-2015 World University Rankings is identical to that used since 2011-2012, offering a year-on-year comparison based on true performance rather than methodological change.
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This document discusses the concept of "non-biological mothers" in literature. It analyzes five characters who take on the role of caring for and loving children not their own: Nelly Dean from Wuthering Heights, Grusha from The Caucasian Chalk Circle, Eveline from Dubliners, the first wife in Things Fall Apart, and Anna-Maria from A Doll's House. These characters demonstrate that the bond between a caregiver and child is not solely defined by biology. The analysis seeks to bring greater recognition to the underappreciated love of "non-biological mothers" in literary works.
Imagine you wake up early in the morning, just to find that you couldn’t log on to your Facebook account. While you are just wondering about the reason for this lockout problem, your friend calls you to check if you are fine seeing your weird Facebook status. At times like these, how do you say your account is secure enough? How do you protect your Facebook account from hackers?
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This document provides an overview of essential computer concepts, including different types of computers, components of a computer system, input and output devices, data representation and storage, networking, security threats, system software, and popular application software. It describes the basic hardware and software components that make up a computer system and how they work together. Examples are given of different computers, input and output peripherals, data storage media, networking technologies, and common system and application programs.
This document provides an overview of a university course on computers and information technology. It introduces the lecturer and outlines the subject contents, including computer hardware, software, applications, networking, and information management. The objectives are to describe computer fundamentals and areas of usage. The content will cover basic concepts, components, applications, data security, networking, and classifications of computers. Students will be assessed through quizzes, tests, assignments, and a final exam.
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How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
1. By
K.G. Swarnananda Gamage
English Language Teaching Unit
Buddhist & Pali University of Sri Lanka
2. What is Feminism?
“ Feminism is a collection of movements and ideologies
aimed at defining, establishing, and defending equal
political, economic and social rights of women. This
also includes seeking to establish equal opportunities
for women in education and employment”
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminism
3. Other related issues
Women’s struggle for freedom
Women’s struggle for equal opportunities
Women’s struggle for equal place in the social system
Ex: Equal pay
Gender discrimination
Gender equality
Women’s emancipation
5. Established Areas of Feminism
Feminist Literature
Feminist theory
Gender studies
6. On the eve of the 101 st international Woman’s Day AMY DAWSON looks at its origins
and investigates why it continues to be relevant today.
We live on a planet in which women perform 66 per cent of the world’s work and produce
50 per cent of its food but earn 10 per cent of overall income and own one per cent of
property.
Women hold only 19 per cent of the world’s parliamentary seats and just 16 of
the world’s 188 directly -elected leaders are female. Violence against women causes more
deaths and disabilities among the global female population aged 15 to 44 than
Cancer,Malaria,Road traffic accidents and War.
It is estimated that one in five women worldwide will become a victim of rape or
attemped rape and ane in four will experience domestic violence.
METRO – March 7 th of 2012, UK
7. Should we take it seriously in Sri
Lanka?
Mr. Maithripala Sirisena (MP) – “Approximately 65
percent of all court cases in the country had to do with
rape, child abuse, and violence against women”
(The Island – 10/03/2013)
“Land like no other” – 5 women are raped in a day
(Sunday Times)
11. India
“Sati puja” – Gayathri Spivak
Delhi Gang rape
Phoolan Devi
Child marriage
12. Ezinma placed her mother’s dish before him and sat with
Obiageli.
“sit like a women” Okonkwo shouted at her.
“He belongs to the clan” He told her “so look after her”
“Is he staying long with us?” She asked
“Do what you are told woman” Okonkwo thundered.
Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe
13. “From the very first, Ibsen was intent on writing a
drama which would highlight the anomalous position
of women in the prevailingly male-dominated society,
‘A woman (he wrote) cannot be herself in the
contemporary society; it is an exclusively male society
in which laws are drafted by men, and with counsels
and judges who judge feminine conduct from the male
point of view’”
Source: “Four Major Plays” by Henrik Ibsen
14. Anomalous position of women
Wife
Mother
Irregular Baby-sitter
House keeper
Bread winner
Anomalous Servant
Sex-object
Abnormal
15. Are women treated as sex objects?
“sweet little thing”
Nora: No Torvald, go away. Leave me alone – I don’t want –
Helmer: What’s all this? So my little Nora’s playing with me!
‘Don’t want’? I’m your husband, aren’t I?
17. “A Work of Artifice”
The bonsai tree
in the attractive pot
could have grown eighty feet tall
on the side of a mountain
till split by lightning.
But a gardener
carefully pruned it.
It is nine inches high.
Every day as he
whittles back the branches
the gardener croons,
It is your nature
to be small and cozy,
domestic and weak;
how lucky, little tree,
to have a pot to grow in.
With living creatures
one must begin very early
to dwarf their growth:
the bound feet,
the crippled brain,
the hair in curlers,
the hands you
love to touch.
Marge Piercy
18. “ Sita Speak”
Sita, speak your side of the story,
We know the other too well.
Your father married you to a prince,
Told you to be pliable as the bow
In your husband’s hand.
Didn’t you note Ram broke the magic bow?
They say you-the ideal daughter –
Bowed your head in obedience
As you were sent away
With your husband you chose exile
Suffered privation, abduction
And then the rejection –
The chastity test on the scorching flames
The victim twice victimised.
Could those flames turn to flowers
Without Searing the soul?
They say you were the ideal wife
You questioned him not
And let him have his way
The poets who wrote your story
Said: a woman is not worthy of hearing
The Ramayana; like a beast she is fit only For being beaten
Could such poetry ever bring you glory?
Yet, they spoke their verses without challenge
And With such falsehoods got away.
Sita Speak
You who could lift the magic bow and play
With one hand Who could command the earth with a word
How did they silence you?
(Bina Agarwal 1985)
19. “Anger” by Linda Pastan
You tell me
that it's all right
to let it out of its cage,
though it may claw someone,
even bite.
You say that letting it out
may tame it somehow.
But loose it may
turn on me, maul
my face, draw blood.
Ah, you think you know so much,
you whose anger is a pet dog,
its canines dull with disuse.
But mine is a rabid thing,
sharpening its teeth
on my very bones,
and I will never let it go.
20. “Woman” by Nikki Giovanni
she wanted to be a blade
of grass amid the fields
but he wouldn't agree
to be the dandelion
she wanted to be a robin singing
through the leaves
but he refused to be
her tree
she spun herself into a web
and looking for a place to rest
turned to him
but he stood straight
declining to be her corner
she tried to be a book
but he wouldn't read
she turned herself into a bulb
but he wouldn't let her glow
she decided to become
a woman
and though he still refused
to be a man
she decided it was all
right
23. Beginning Climax Anti-climax
Liar,
hypocrite,
criminal
My poor,
frightened,
helpless, little
darling
My little skylark
My little squirrel
My little song-bird
My little scatter brain
My little feather brain
24. Nora: “I’ve been your doll-wife here, just as at home I was
Papa’s doll-child”
----------------------------------------------------------------
Nora: “What do you consider is my most sacred duty?”
Helmer: “Do I have to tell you that? Isn’t it your duty to
your husband and children?”
Nora: “I have another duty, just as sacred.”
Helmer: “You can’t have. What duty do you mean?”
Nora: “My duty towards myself”
25. Short story
“The Divorcee” by Ken Saro Wiwa (Nigerian)
“A husband did a girl a favour by marrying her… And when
he did Lebia the favour of seeking her hand in marriage,
there was nothing to stop him from achieving his desire”
“Because she has not only married a man: she was a family
property”
“He expected that she would bear children. It was for that
primarily that he had married her. For everyman had
reason to expect that he would be a father someday.
Everyman was capable of being a father. If he did not
become a father, there was something wrong with his wife”
29. Positives of Feminism
Feminist campaigns have changed societies positively.
Equal pay for women
Rights to enter into contracts and own property
Protection of women and girls from domestic violence
and sexual harassment
Workplace rights, maternity leave
Decision-making rights
Ex: Scandinavian countries: Norway and Sweden
30. Ill-effects of Feminism
Single parents
Smoking, drinking
Drop of birth rate
Decline in marriage institution
31. Decision up to you!
Is Feminism a Cure or Curse?
Thank
You