This document outlines an assignment comparing government responses to Hurricane Katrina and the coronavirus pandemic, emphasizing the role of federalism in these crises. Students are tasked with writing an analytical essay that incorporates research and personal reflections on the differences in governmental responses at various levels. The assignment also highlights the importance of accurate citations to avoid plagiarism and ensures a comprehensive understanding of federalism's implications during national emergencies.

1. Federalism: Comparing Government Response in Hurricane
Katrina vs. Coronavirus
Submissions must be a minimum of 2 pages, in length. This
does not include your bibliography or works cited. This should
be attached and added on as the last page of your essay. Y ou
will only have one attempt to upload and submit your paper.
Your bibliography or works cited page, and your paper, must be
uploaded as a single file. They cannot be uploaded separately.
No e-mailed assignments will be accepted.
Your response should be your own thoughts and analysis.
Research and resources should be incorporated with scholarly
application. I.e. used as examples or evidence to support your
analysis. Citations may be formatted in APA, MLA or Chicago
style, as long as they are consistent throughout. You must
include in-text (parenthetical) citations, as well as a
bibliography.If you have questions about citation formatting,
please ask me, or utilize the tool easybib.com. You must
provide in-text citations, to show ownership of any information
that you include, in your essay, which is either
1. Not considered common knowledge
2. Paraphrased
3. Directly quoted
Failure to cite information, properly, will result in students
receiving an automatic zero. Furthermore, to not do so is
considered plagiarism.
Make sure to use complete sentences, and proper grammar. Your
response to the prompt should focus on analyzing the
information you gather and use to complete the constitutional
chart through application. Incorporate the information you
gathered by using it to provide examples and support for your
response to the prompt.
Essay Topic and Objective:
You will be watching two 50 minute documentaries: The Storm
and Coronavirus Pandemic in order to complete this essay.

2. 1. The Storm: Hurricane Documentary (Links to an external
site.)
2. Coronavirus Pandemic Documentary (Links to an external
site.)
Federalism Overview: Considered together, Hurricane Katrina
and Covid-19 both produced policy disasters in the United
States that were both unnecessary and linked to federalism.
These challenges produced by nature raise the question of
whether certain disasters are beyond the capacities of state and
local government.
Objective: While watching these films, the central theme to take
away from these videos is a better and more comprehensive
understanding of Federalism, through real life evidence and
explanation. Critically analyze each of the elements and
consequences of each different national disaster, based on
different level of government’s responses, actions. Leadership,
communication processes, and decision-making. Despite, both
Hurricane Katrina and Corona Virus being deemed as “national
emergencies”, the power organization resulted in vastly
different responses by each level of government’s leadership
(across all levels: federal, state and local).
Introduction to Federalism: State and Local governments are the
first line responders to crisis. The institutions encompass not
only the national government and the American states, each
with their own distinctive histories, but extend down to the
local level of counties, cities, smaller communities, and special-
purpose entities such as school districts. Support and
opposition for Federalism rests on government leadership,
power, decision-making, and response to national disasters.
Response is a geographic and constitutional matter of design.
The principles underlying federalism create a power system
where multiple levels of government (local, state, and federal)
coexist in an organization of power that is both exclusive and
shared, depending on the event at hand. Though the federal
government has a vital role to play in advancing national
priorities through the powers enumerated to it by the U.S.

3. Constitution, our founders recognized long ago that many of the
challenges our citizens face can best be addressed at the state
level. The Constitution set forth means for strengthening
national government’s power, intended to establish a more
perfect union (Preamble). Federalism would be the new
organization of power, between local, state and federal U.S.
government, in order to the remedy weaknesses caused by the
Articles of Confederation.
Principles of Federalism
· Limited government
· States’ rights (10th amendment)
Goals of Federalism:
· Foster cooperation
· Prevent Federal Intrusion into State
· Protect State’s utility as “laboratories” of democracy
Central Themes to Focus on and Think About
· comparisons and discussion of struggles between local,
· state and federal levels of government according to how
federalism has manifested into a power tug-of-war in authority
· division of power
· division of duties and responsibilities
· division of expectations (citizens)
· financial obligations
· purpose of a government according to creation and
constitutional existence
· communication confusion in expectations
· ignorance of rules and exclusionary application
· boundaries, overlap, and limitations
Hurricane Katrina: The Storm Introduction and Background
The preparations made in advance of the storm. Hurricane
Katrina's impact on the nation. "The Storm" chronicles over 40
years of federal responses to Gulf Coast hurricanes and their
effectiveness. The teaching activities are designed to help
students evaluate how government helps citizens in times of
crisis and examine how prepared students and their communities
are for future natural disasters. Although the program and

4. featured lesson plan focuses on the impact of Katrina on New
Orleans, it is important to remind students that many
communities on the Gulf Coast were devastated.
Coronavirus: Topic Introduction and Background The rapid
spread of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) across
the United States has been met with a decentralized and
piecemeal response led primarily by governors, mayors, and
local health departments. This disjointed response is no
accident. Federalism, or the division of power between a
national government and states, is a fundamental feature of US
public health authority. Current government’s responses are
reactive in the United States, rather than enabling policymakers
to get ahead of the crisis.
Prompt:
Apply what you learn from the video, to discuss key topics and
questions, outlined in the prompt; show case to me what you
learned, explaining how your understanding of the intricacies in
the power distribution that exists under American system of
government, has become enhanced. Focus, on articulating what
you learned, by applying what you saw to address what I have
asked to critically focus on, during your viewing. Use your
voice. I have provided the platform and safe environment for
students to participate in personalized, value added, political
experience, whereby critical examination of current political
issues and topics, result in structured and scholarly academic
exchange and debate.
Identify an example of one goal and an example of one
challenge federalism presented in each event (i.e. one for each
Hurricane Katrina and Coronavirus).Evaluate the evidence to
explain what you perceive to be the challenges of federalism
compared to necessity or benefits of individualized crisis
response. What principle of federalism do you believe to be the
most important to meeting the goals of the United State’s ideals
in democracy, representation, and majority rule.
Helpful Resources and Links
· FEMA offiical govt Twitter @FEMA

5. ·