1) The document discusses the introduction of federalism in the United States, including that states had more power initially but the federal government became more powerful over time. 2) It provides an overview of the key characteristics of the US Constitution, including that it established a republican democratic government with separation of powers and a system of checks and balances between the federal and state governments. 3) The document notes that the Constitution gives the federal government limited, enumerated powers while allowing state governments broad powers within their jurisdictions, with some exceptions.

1. DRAW A LINE SEPARATING TODAY & YESTERDAY 1) Write: Date: 01/19/11 , Topic: Federalism 2) Next line, write “ Opener #9 ” and then: 1) Write 1 high + 1 low in last 24 hours 2) Rate your understanding of yesterday: lost < 1-5 > too easy (3 is perfect) 3) Respond to the Opener by writing at least 1 sentences about : Your opinions/thoughts OR/AND Questions sparked by the clip OR/AND Summary of the clip OR/AND Announcements: None

2. Agenda 1) What are the “United States” (federalism introduction) 2) US Constitution introduction Why am I learning this? 1) What does it mean to have states? Reminder 1) No homework.

3. Blog Update Those having log-in issues, if your account is registered through your gmail, then make sure you are logged in to that gmail account. Has to do with how they verify word captures on Ning.

4. Journ. #9a , Title “ Federalism Intro ” HYPOTHETICAL: The United States has decided to join a new, more powerful United America . Make a T chart list of what powers should USA give up and which powers should USA NOT give to the new UA. 1) Write your list with your partner ( include their name at the end ).

5. Journ. #9a “Federalism Intro” Give up Keep Currency Military (Partner’s Name)

6. Notes #9a , Title: “ Federalism ” 1) States Come First : Colonies (states) experienced close to 200 years of separate freedom before joining the US (will wish to retains some power) 2) Federalism : State + fed share power: at times clear split, other times overlapping or conflicting between the state and federal gov (“federal” technically means split gov, but mostly refers to national gov) 3) History of US Federalism : States had more power > then equal in the 1800s > 1900s Federal became supreme (recently state wins some).

7. UNITARY FEDERAL STATE NATIONAL

8. FEDERAL STATE NATIONAL STATE NATIONAL STATE NATIONAL 1780-1860 1860-1930 1930-2000

10. Jour. #9b , “ Unitary Debate ” 1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write which you choose and explain why . 2) Then write down what your partner thinks ( include their name at the end ). 1 2 3 4 5 CON: Federalist Gov (fed gov and state gov) 1) State govs are closer to the ppl, so they know what the ppl want 2) States allow policies to be practiced before being tried nationally 3) Diff states have different values and needs PRO: Unitary Gov (only national gov ruling all) 1) National gov can use resources more efficiently, using scale 2) Most world is unitary 3) National gov ensures everyone gets same quality gov services

11. Jour. #9c , Title “ States Rights! National Power! ” 1a-j) With a partner, discuss who should control each issue ( state or federal or both ). a) Higher education f) Immigration b) Military defense g) Consumer protection c) Environmental rules h) Standards for cars d) Marriage policies i) Illegal drug policies e) Health policies j) Crime and punishment Write their name at the end.

12. Jour. #9d , Title “ Audio: Health Care-Federalism ” Wrap up ideology and federalism: 1) Copy Source Title: NPR 2) What are key points to the problem? 3) Should homeless get health care, and should the fed gov provide it? 9 Reading/Film Qs Come From These Work Sections

13. Notes #9b , Title: “ Constitution Intro Notes ” 4) Constitutional Gov : Gov driven by laws. US one of few govs that follow rule of law . 5) US Constitution (1788) : Social contract ratified by ppl conventions (representative vote), 9/13. US: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievanc China: Article 39. Citizens of the People's Republic of China enjoy freedom of speech, of the press, of assembly, of association, of procession and of demonstration.

15. &quot;I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States.“ From Article 2 of the US Constitution

16. &quot;I, _____, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; and that I will obey the orders of the President of the United States” -US Code

18. Notes #9b , Title: “ Constitution Intro Notes ” US Constitution Characteristics : a) Republican democ (representative) b) Separation of Powers (legis, exec, jud) c) Federalism (national/state share power) d) Rule of Law ( but NASCAR style ) Secret Sauce (not written but essential) e) Civic Virtue: Strong community ( choose to be in US ), long term view ( stability ), and sacrifice ( gov easy to be patriotic to ), enlightened self-interest

21. Constitutional Structure and Amendment : Article 1: Congress/Legislature (House + Senate) Article 2: President/Executive (President + Implied Bureaucracy) Article 3: Federal Courts/Judiciary (US Courts) Article 4: State Limits Article 9: Amendment Process: 2/3 of Congress > 3/4 States 2/3 of States > 3/4 States (never used) Article 6: National Supremacy (when in Art 1, Sec 8) Article 7: Ratification Process Amendments: First 10 (Bill of Rights) 27 Amendments Total So Far

22. Notes #9b , Title: “ Constitution Intro Notes ” 6) Constitution (27 amend so far) 1: Legislature: Create laws (S + H) 2: Execu tive (President) 3: Judicial: Interprets (SC, CC, DC) Bureaucracy (2mil) Amend: 2/3 Congress 2) 3/4 States

23. CONSTITUTIONAL CHECKS AND BALANCES: Article 1: Congress/Legislature (House + Senate) Creates the laws Article 2: President/Executive (President + Implied Bureaucracy) Executes the laws Article 3: Federal Courts/Judiciary (US Courts) Interprets the laws (resolves conflicts)

24. Notes #9b , Title: “ Constitution Intro Notes ” 7) Federalism in the Constitution : FEDERAL gov can ONLY do what the Constitution says. Make laws on very specific list of things. STATE government can do (make laws on) ANYTHING except when forbidden by the US Constitution. Parenting Analogy: FED: You can only go to the library. STATE: You can go anywhere except the bar.

25. Journal #9d , Title “ Const. Limits ” Create examples with a partner ( include their name at the end ) : 1) Pretend your parents made laws with the same strict limits that are placed on the Federal gov , create a rule (“only…”) 2) Pretend your parents made laws with the same open limits that are placed on the state govs , create a rule (“…except”) Be ready to present. 9 Reading/Film Qs Come From These Journal Sections

26. Laws and Constitution have the same power over all of the US, except… Laws: Easily changed Constitution: harder to change (takes am. to chance amendment)

27. Laws and Constitution have the same power over all of the US, except… Laws: Easily changed Constitution: harder to change (takes am. to chance amendment)

29. Journ. #9f , Title “ Video: Constitution Intro ” 1) Copy Source Title: Annenberg 2…) Discuss questions on the board with a partner. Summarize your discussion ( include their name at the end ). Remember participation points are deducted if off task. 5 Reading/Film Qs Come From These Journ. Sections Time Bookmark: 00:00

30. Homework: 1) Study today’s notes + journal sections for a possible journal quiz . 2) Pick and listen to your 4 news podcast by next Monday. Journal Check: If your name is called, drop off your journal with Mr. Chiang ( if requested, points lost if your journal is not turned in )