This document provides an overview of a lesson on grammar tenses from the KungFu English curriculum. It begins by explaining the difference between the present simple and present continuous tenses through examples. Students are then given practice identifying verbs as either present simple or present continuous through multiple choice questions. The lesson also covers forming questions and negatives in both tenses. Zero conditional sentences are later introduced and examples are provided to illustrate their use for facts or general truths. Overall, the document provides instruction on key grammar points and exercises for students to practice and reinforce their understanding.
3. Unit 1: Education
• School subjects
• Simple present vs
continuous
• Expressing
prohibition
• Expressing
obligation
• Feelings and
emotions
• Zero conditional
• Reading:
”Homeschooling”
• Writing: Distance
education
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4. KungFu English
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How are the classrooms
similar or different from
your own classroom
experiences
Describe the pictures.
What do you see?
What are the students
doing?
5. 1. Lesson A: I’m taking six classes
KungFu English
Match the words and the picture. Then listen and check your answers
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6. Kungfu English
Complete the chart with the correct answer.
Then listen and check your answer
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7. A: Listen to 3 people talk about their schedules.
Who doesn’t have a job?
KungFu English
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10. I teach English.
This is my job.
I am teaching English.
This is what I am doing at
the moment. I am
teaching you English.
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11. Let’s continue with some
more examples.....
They live in the USA.
I am studying for the exams these days.
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12. What’s the difference?
They live in the USA.
means that they live in the USA all the
time. It is a permanent state.
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13. What’s the difference?
I am studying for the exams these
days.
means that I am studying only these
several days. The action is taking
place only for a short period of time.
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14. How do we form PRESENT
SIMPLE?
I
YOU HE
WE live but SHE lives
THEY IT
I live in the USA.
She studies architecture.
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15. The verb BE
Remember the forms of the verb BE for
the Present Simple tense:
I AM
HE,SHE, IT IS
WE, YOU, THEY ARE
I am a teacher and you are students.
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16. Negative forms
For all verbs (EXCEPT BE) use:
don’t
+ verb
doesn’t
I live in the USA. I don’t live in the USA.
(do not)
She studies architecture. She doesn’t study
architecture. (does not)
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17. Negative BE
For the verb BE simply add the word NOT after
the verb
I am tired. I am not tired.
She is rich. She is not rich.
They are here. They are not here.
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18. Questions and short
answers
We form questions by putting auxiliary do or
does or any form of the verb BE before the
subject:
Do you live in the USA? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
Does she study medicine? Yes, she does. / No,
she doesn’t.
Are they friends? Yes, they are. /No they aren’t.
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19. We use PRESENT SIMPLE…
1. For facts or things that are always
or generally true.
Water boils at 100 C.
It rains a lot in Lithuania.
The sky is blue.
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20. We use PRESENT SIMPLE…
2. For situations that are (more or less) permanent.
I live in New York.
John works in a bank.
Lisa studies architecture.
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21. We use PRESENT SIMPLE…
3. For things we do regularly: hobbies,
habits and routines.
Every day I get up at 7:30.
I have a shower and eat breakfast.
Then I take the train to work.
Every Thursday I play basketball.
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22. We use PRESENT SIMPLE…
4. For actions that are scheduled.
The train leaves at 9 p.m.
The lessons start at 8 o’clock in the
morning.
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23. Adverbs of frequency and time
phrases
Always Once a week
Often Twice a month
Usually Every day
Sometimes Four times a year
Rarely Every Tuesday
Never
I never go to the cinema alone.
My grandmother sees her doctor twice a month.
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24. How do we form PRESENT
CONTINUOUS?
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25. Negative forms and questions
• Are you eating? I am not eating.
• Is she singing? She is not singing.
• Are they reading? They are not reading.
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26. We use PRESENT
CONTINUOUS…
1. For actions happening now, at the moment of
speaking.
It is raining outside.
He can’t pick up the phone. He is having a shower
now.
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27. We use PRESENT
CONTINUOUS…
2. For temporary actions
We are looking for a new house at the moment.
They are painting the fence.
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28. We use PRESENT
CONTINUOUS…
3. For fixed arrangements (plans) in the near future.
I am going out with him tonight.
We are flying to Paris tomorrow morning.
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29. We use PRESENT
CONTINUOUS…
4. For currently changing and developing situations.
The Earth is getting hotter and hotter.
The winters in Lithuania are becoming warmer and
warmer.
The prices are increasing all the time.
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30. Time expressions we use with PRESENT
CONTINUOUS
now, at the moment, at present,
these days, nowadays, today, tonight
My mother is cooking at the moment.
I am going dancing tonight.
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32. Practice
Choose the correct form Present Simple or Present
Continuous:
1. I live/ am living in New York.
2. She is reading/ reads a book now.
3. I don’t like / am not liking football.
4. Every day we go/ are going to school.
5. It rains/ is raining outside.
6. Do you ride/ Are you riding a bicycle every morning?
7. I usually am going/ go to bed late.
8. He is staying/ stays at the hotel these days.
9. The Sun rises / is rising in the East.
10. We are traveling/ travel to London next week.
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39. Do you always follow rules? Do you
ever break the rules?
Lesson B: I’d recommend going….
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When did you break it?
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Listen to the conversation. What can students do in the
class? Then practice the conversations
41. Which ones are
prohibition?
Which ones are
obligation?
You’re not permitted to…
You need to…
You are not allowed to…
You must….
New expressions
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42. Practise the conversations again with the new expressions
Look at the common signs. Say the rules. Take turn
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43. Listening: First day at work
Listen to Joel’s co-workers explain the office rules
on his first day at work. Number the pictures
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67. In This Lesson:
• What is the zero conditional?
• How to form zero conditional
sentences.
• Zero conditional example sentences
• Review Quiz
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68. Zero conditional sentences are used to talk about facts or general
truths that are always true, like scientific facts.
• What Is The Zero Conditional?
"If you heat ice, it melts"
Example:
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69. 2. How To Form Zero Conditional Sentences
Zero conditional sentences are made up of an 'if clause' and a 'main
clause'. Both of which include verbs in the present simple tense.
"If you heat ice, it melts"
Example:
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70. 2. How To Form Zero Conditional Sentences
Zero conditional sentences can also be made with 'when' instead of
'if'.
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71. 2. How To Form Zero Conditional Sentences
Zero conditional sentences can also be made with 'when' instead of
'if'.
"When you heat ice, it melts"
Example:
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77. Review Quiz
Choose the correct answer to make a zero
conditional sentence
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78. 1
If people eat lots of candy,
A
B
C
they gained weight.
they gain weight.
they are gaining weight.
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79. 1
If people eat lots of candy,
A
B
C
they gained weight.
they gain weight.
they are gaining weight.
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80. 2
If I wake up late,
A
B
C
I lates for work.
I was late for work.
I am late for work.
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81. 2
If I wake up late,
A
B
C
I lates for work.
I was late for work.
I am late for work.
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82. 3
When it's cold,
A
B
C
I always wear a jacket.
I wore a jacket.
If I wear a jacket.
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83. 3
When it's cold,
A
B
C
I always wear a jacket.
I wore a jacket.
If I wear a jacket.
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84. 4
If I don't have much money,
A
B
C
I didn't eat out.
I don't eat out.
I am eating out.
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85. 4
If I don't have much money,
A
B
C
I didn't eat out.
I don't eat out.
I am eating out.
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86. 5
When you put water in the freezer,
A
B
C
it freezes.
it will be frozen.
it has frozen.
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87. 5
When you put water in the freezer,
A
B
C
it freezes.
it will be frozen.
it has frozen.
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88. Speak with your friends
What is the real things/ truth/ fact you
have seen?
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89. Summary
• The zero conditional form is used to express a
fact that is always true when something else
happens.
• For example, the sentence “If water reaches 100
degrees Celsius, it boils.” expresses the fact that
water always boils whenever it reaches 100
degrees Celsius.
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98. Read the definition of
distance education.
Then make a list of its
advantage and
disadcantages
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99. Do you think learning
English by distance
education is good?Write a
paragraph to explain. Use
the model and your
answer in Part A to help
you.
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100. Speaking: Advantages and Disadvantages
Group work: What are the Advantages and
Disadvantages of these types if learning?
Discuss your ideas
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101. Summary
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Benefits of Homeschooling
Parents have the opportunity to:
• Determine the curriculum and their
children's schooling schedule
• Demonstrate to their children that
education is fun
Create strong bonds with their children
Disadvantages of Homeschooling
Homeschooling parents are required to:
• Be around their children all day long. This
can be difficult when children become
restless and misbehave
• Frequently explain their reasons for
homeschooling their children to friends and
relatives unsympathetic or confused about
their decision
104. Unit 2: Personal stories
• Sentence adverbs
• Past continuous
vs simple past
• Announcing
news
• Closing a
conversation
• Verbs to describe
reactions
• Participial adj
• Reading:”
Embarrassing
Experiences”
• Writing: An
embarrassing
moment
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105. KungFu English
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Rank them from 1( very
much) to 6(not much)
Look at the pictures.
Which story would you
like to hear?
106. 1. Lesson A: What were you doing?
KungFu English
Match the words
and the picture.
Then listen and
check your
answers
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122. Marge often__________________ in the morning
but she ______________________right now.
mops the floor
is dancing with Homer NEXT
CHECK
3/10
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124. Homer sometimes __________ in the morning
but he _______________________ now.
sleeps
is eating a doughnut NEXT
CHECK
5/10
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125. Homer often ____________________
but he ______________________ right now.
uses a computer
is playing the guitar NEXT
CHECK
6/10
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135. Think about different people you know. Do you have any
news about them?
Lesson B: Guess what!
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Listen to the conversation. What news is Diana sharing?
Practise the conversation
136. Which ones are
announcing news?
Which ones are closing
a conversation?
Listen, I’ve got to run
Sorry I have to go
Did you hear what happen?
You’ll never guess what
happened
New expressions
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137. Practise the conversations again with the new expressions
Have conversations like the one in part B, use ideas
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149. We can use adjectives that end with –ed to
describe people’s feelings
• Ann was very frightened. (The subject of the sentence
(Ann) is the
• person who has the feeling.
• We are all surprised by the news.
(We feel surprised.)
156. We use an adjective thats ends with –ing to talk about a
thing or a person that makes us have a feeling.
• The ghost was very frightening.
• The subject of the sentence(the ghost) causes the feeling.
197. Summary
Verbs for telling about something that happened.
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• Tell to describe something that happened to
someone
• Describe to say what someone or something
is like, especially by giving a lot of details
• Report to give information about something
that exists or has happened
200. Unit 3: Style and fashion
• Fashion
statement
• Used to
• Asking where
things are
• Asking for an
alternative
• Clothing styles
defining relative
clauses
• Reading:”
Favorite
Fashions”
• Writing: Class
survey
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201. KungFu English
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Which styles do you
like? Which don’t you
like? Why?
Describe the picture.
What are the people
doing?
202. 1. Lesson A: Fashion trends
KungFu English
Complete the chart. Then listen and check your answers
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225. Where do you like to shop for clothes? What kinds of
clothes do you like?
Lesson B: Does this come in…?
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Listen to the conversation. What size does Jenny want?
Practise the conversation
226. Which ones are
asking where?
Which ones are asking
for an alternative?
Do you have this in…?
Can I get this in…?
Could you tell me where
the … are?
Where can I find the…?
New expressions
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227. Practise the conversations again with the new expressions
Have conversations like the one in part B, use these items
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239. Defining relative clauses
• DEFINING CLAUSES give essential information about their
antecedent and without them the meaning will be incomplete.
• These never go between commas.
• WHO, WHOM and WHICH can be substituted by THAT in a
more colloquial context.
• WHO, WHOM, WHICH AND THAT can be omitted if they are
the object of the relative clause, that is, if they are followed by
a sibject.
If the relative pronoun is followed by a verb,
then it can’t be omitted. If the relative is followed
by a subject + verb, then it’s almost sure you can
drop it
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240. EXAMPLES:
Mary is the girl who arrived late at the party.
Mary is the girl who I told you about yesterday.
The book which was on the table was new.
The book which I bought is about music.
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241. Non-Defining relative clauses
• NON-DEFINING CLAUSES give extra information, that is, we could
remove it without changing the meaning of the sentence.
• They are always separated by commas.
• THAT is never used.
• Pronouns can be NEVER omitted.
• The antencedent is usually a proper name of a person or thing and it
contains a possessive like ‘my’, ‘his’, ‘her’, the definite article ‘the’ or
demonstratives like ‘this’, ‘that’, ‘these’ or ‘those’
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242. EXAMPLES:
Mary,who arrived late at the party,is my cousin
Paris, which is the capital of France, is a beutiful city.
Paul, who I saw at the party, is so handsome.
That car, which she bought last month, is a Ferrari.
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244. WHO
• It is used to talk about people
• It can be the subject or the object of the relative clause
• In defining relative clauses it can be always replaced by THAT. More
colloquial.
• In defining relative clauses it can be omitted if it is the object of the
relative clause, that is, if it is followed by the subject of the relative
clause and, if it does not have a preposition before.
Eg: Mary,who arrived late at the party,is my cousin
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245. WHOm
It is used to talk about people. More formal
than WHO
It is always the object of the relative clause,
that is, it always has a suject afterwards.
In defining relative clauses it can be replaced
by THAT.
In defining relative clauses it can be omitted
if it does not have a preposition before.
Eg: Mary is the girl whom I told you about
yesterday.
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246. Which
• It is used to talk about anything but people.
• It can be the subject or the object of the relative clause
• In defining relative clauses it can be always replaced by THAT. More
colloquial.
• In defining relative clauses it can be omitted if it is the object of the
relative clause, that is, if it is followed by the subject of the relative
clause and, if it does not have a preposition before.
• That car, which she bought last month, is a Ferrari.
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247. whose
• It is used to talk about possession.
• It cannot be substituted by any pronouns.
• It cannot be omitted in any case.
• It is always followed by whatever is possessed.
• Eg: That is the boy whose mother is a doctor
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248. where
• It is used to talk about places when they are not the subject nor the
object of the relative clause, that is when they are followed by a
subject and they are not an object in the relative clause.
That is the museum where I went last month
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249. when
• It is used to talk about times when they are not the subject nor the
object of the relative clause, that is when they are followed by a
subject and they are not an object in the relative clause.
Eg: May is the month when flowers bloom.
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250. that
• It only appears in Defing Relative Clauses.
• It may substitute WHO, WHOM and WHICH.
• It can be omitted if it is the object of the relative clause, that is, if it is
followed by the subject.
Eg: Paul is the man that I like so much.
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252. Steps to join two sentences in a relative
clause
1.- Find the common element
The man is very tall. I saw him yesterday.
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253. 2.- Cross out the second element.
That man is very tall. I saw him yesterday.
3.- Start copying the first sentence until the first
common element.
4.- Write the relative pronoun:
who
which
whose
That man
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254. 5.- Copy the second sentence, except the
element we had crossed out.
I saw yesterday
The man who
6.- If there is anything left from the first
sentence, copy it afterwards.
is very tall.
The man who I saw yesterday
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255. 7.- Check if you can write THAT instead of WHO,
WHOM, WHICH
The man who I saw yesterday is very tall.
that
8.- Check if you can omit the pronouns.
The man who I saw yesterday is very tall.
that
9.- The sentence is ready!!!
The man I saw yesterday is very tall.
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279. Summary
Talking about fashion and style
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1) What type of clothes do you enjoy wearing?
2) Do you enjoy buying clothes?
3) Has your style of clothing changed compared to 10
years ago?
4) What types of clothes do people in your local area
enjoy wearing?
282. Unit 4: Interesting lives
• Experiences
• Present perfect
• Checking
meaning
• Clarifying
meaning
• Fun things to do
• Present perfect vs
simple past
• Reading:” The life
of an astronaut”
• Writing:
interesting
people, places or
things
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283. KungFu English
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Check the 2 most interesting
activities. Have you ever
done them?
Describe the pictures.
What are the people
doing?
284. 1. Lesson A: Have you ever been on Tv?
KungFu English
Match the words
and the picture.
Then listen and
check your
answers
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289. FORM
Affirmative Interrogative
• I
• You have worked
• We have written
• They
• He
• She has worked
• It has written
• Have I/you/we/they worked?
• Have I/you/we/they written?
• Has he/she/it worked?
• Has he/she/it written?
I/you/we/they haven’t worked
I/you/we/they haven’t written
He/she/it hasn’t worked
He/she/it hasn’t written
Negative
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290. USES
• John’s car is dirty.
• He washes the car.
• He has washed the car.
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291. • Marc is having lunch.
• He has just had lunch.
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292. • We bought the house in 2000.
• We still live in the neighborhood.
• We have lived here for 15 years.
• We have lived here since 2000.
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293. • He has flown a plane but he has never tried
bungee jumping.
• Have you ever travelled by plane?
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294. • The children have tidied their room.
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295. Time expressions
• Ever
• Never
• Just
• Already
• Yet
• For
• Since
• How long…?
• So far
• Lately/recently
• always
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296. ALREADY/YET
• I have already got
dressed.
• I haven’t done my
homework yet.
Has Sarah called yet?
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297. HAVE GONE TO/HAVE BEEN TO
• “Mary has gone to London.
I miss her so much!”
• (=she is still there)
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298. • I have been to=
I have gone and
come back
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318. How often do you eat out? Do you ever cook at home. Do
you ever order out?
Lesson B: What I mean is
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Listen to the conversation. How often does Sam eat out?
Practise the conversation
319. Which ones are
checking?
Which ones are
clarifying?
Does that mean
What I mean is,..
What I am saying is….
DO you mean…?
New expressions
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320. Practise the conversations again with the new expressions
Number the sentences from 1 to 7. then practice with a
partner
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332. Present Perfect
Unstated/ Indefinite time
Ex. Teddy has bought a new bike.
(we don’t know when)
Past Simple
Stated/Definite time
Ex. Teddy bought a new bike on Saturday.
(we know when)
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333. Present Perfect
Unfinished action
Ex. Teddy has gone shopping.
(he hasn’t finished shopping yet)
Past Simple
Finished action
Ex. Teddy went shopping.
(he has already finished shopping)
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334. Present Perfect
Past action connected to the present
Ex. Teddy has lost his key.
(he hasn’t found it yet)
Past Simple
Past action with no connection to the present
Ex. Teddy lost his key
(he has already found it)
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335. Present Perfect
With the following adverbs:
for, since, recently, ever, never, already, just, yet, how long
Ex. Teddy has recently eaten some honey.
Past Simple
With the following adverbs:
last… , ago, yesterday
Ex. Teddy went to the dentist last week.
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336. EXERCISES
1) Sorry, Teddy isn’t here. He __________ (go) to the park.
2) He __________ (not drink) anything because he __________ (not be) thirsty.
3) Teddy __________ (buy) a lot of apples in the market yesterday.
4) Teddy’s parents __________ (not eat) in a restaurant for a long time.
5) A few days ago we __________ (see) an accident near our house.
6) __________ (his friends/arrive) at the party an hour early?
7) I __________ (have) my pet for six months.
8) __________ (Teddy/watch) tv today?
9) Teddy __________ (spend) a few days in Canada last year.
10) She __________ (do) all her homework. Now she can play.
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338. finished
finish
has finished
He … his homework.
have finished
PRESENT PERFECT –
no time reference
(the result is more
important)
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339. gone
go
went
We … to a concert last
week.
have gone
PAST SIMPLE –
signal word “last … ”
(it tells us when it
happened)
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340. has seen
have seen
saw
I … Linda at the
cinema yesterday.
seen
PAST SIMPLE –
signal word
“yesterday” (it tells
us when it happened)
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341. has … eat
has … eats
has … eaten
She … already …
breakfast.
has … ate
PRESENT PERFECT –
signal word “already”
(for a recently
finished action)
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342. has leave
has left
left
Bob … five minutes
ago.
leave
PAST SIMPLE –
signal word “…ago” (it
is a finished past
action)
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343. Did / arrived
Did / arrive
Have / arrived
… Mike and Sam… from
school yet?
Has / arrived
PRESENT PERFECT –
signal word “yet” (we
expect something to
happen soon)
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344. were
have was
have been
I … on holidays since
Friday .
was
PRESENT PERFECT –
signal word “since”
(for an unfinished
past action)
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345. have … spoken
speak
has … spoken
My teacher … just …
with my parents.
spoke
PRESENT PERFECT –
signal word “just” (for
a recent event)
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346. hasn’t get up
haven’t get up
didn’t get up
He … early this
morning.
didn’t got up
PAST SIMPLE –
“this morning” is a
completed past period
(it’s probably after
midday now)
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347. has … bought
have … bought
did … buy
When … she … a new
car?
did … bought
PAST SIMPLE–
we want to know when
something happened
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348. Has … had
Did … have
Have … had
… you ever … a car
accident?
Did … had
PRESENT PERFECT
– signal word “ever”
(for past
experiences)
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349. have met
have meet
met
I … my wife in 2010.
meet
PAST SIMPLE –
signal word “in 2010”
(for a finished past
action)
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360. Summary
Describe a memorable event of your life
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• There are several memorable events in my life that I can summon up
and out of those, I would like to talk about…………….
• This was an event that I still recall vibrantly.
• In Vietnam, ……………… is very crucial to any one’s future
• During this time back in…..,……..
• To put it clearly,……..
• Looking back at it,……….
• That’s why this is a very memorable event of my life. Thank you for
listening.
363. Unit 5: Our world
• Human- made
wonders
• Comparisons with
adj and nouns
• Expressing
disbelief
• Saying you don’t
know
• Geographical
features
• Superlatives with
adj and nouns
• Reading:” 7
wonders of the
natural world”
• Writing: A natural
wonder
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364. KungFu English
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Why do you want to visit
there?
Look at the pictures.
Rank the place you
want to visit from 1
to 6
365. 1. Lesson A: Older, taller and more famous?
KungFu English
Match the words
and the picture.
Then listen and
check your
answers
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370. Look at these pictures!
Piggy bank A Piggy bank B
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371. What can you say about those pictures?
Piggy bank A is bigger thanpiggy bank B
Piggy bank B is smaller than piggy bank A
Aha…I
know the
answer!
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372. How to form ‘comparative adjectives’?
• Adjectives of one syllable, add –er:
long – longer short – shorter
• Adjectives of one syllable end in –e, add –r only:
nice – nicer late – later
• Adjectives of one syllable and in consonant-vowel-
consonant, double the last consonant and add –er:
big – bigger hot - hotter
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373. Next rules…..
• Adjectives of two syllables end in –y, we change
the ‘y’ into ‘i’ and add –er:
pretty - prettier easy – easier
• Some adjectives have an irregular comparatives:
good – better bad – worse
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374. Let’s have a practice….
HAPPY ANGRY LAZY
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375. Fast or Slow?
A horse is faster than a turtle
A turtle is slower than a horse
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376. Hot or Cold?
Coffee Syrup
The coffee is hotter than the syrup
The syrup is colder than the coffee
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403. What are the oldest human-made structures in your
country? How old are they?
Lesson B: I don’t believe it!
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Listen to the conversation. What question can’t Rachel
answer? Practise the conversation
404. Which ones are
expressing disbelief?
Which ones are saying
you don’t know?
I don’t believe it!
I have no idea
I don’t have a clue
Seriously?
New expressions
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418. Superlative adjectives are
words used to compare the
difference between
3 or more things.
What are Superlative Adjectives?
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419. What are Superlative Adjectives?
Example
biggest
Superlative adjectives are
words used to compare the
difference between
3 or more things.
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421. To make a superlative
adjective word you must
change the adjective to the
superlative form.
Making Superlative Adjectives
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422. Making Superlative Adjectives
To make a superlative
adjective word you must
change the adjective to the
superlative form.
Example
smaller
small
smallest
superlative
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423. Rules
S U P E R L AT V I E A D J E C T I V E S
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424. 1
With regular one syllable
adjectives, we add -est to
make the superlative form.
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426. 2
With regular one and two
syllable adjectives that end in
y, we remove the y and add -
iest to make the superlative
form.
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427. 2
Example
happiest
happy - happier
With regular one and two
syllable adjectives that end in
y, we remove the y and add -
iest to make the superlative
form.
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428. 3
With adjectives that end with a
single vowel followed by a
single consonant, the
consonant is doubled and
-est is added.
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429. 3
Example
biggest
big - bigger
With adjectives that end with a
single vowel followed by a
single consonant, the
consonant is doubled and
-est is added.
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430. 4
www.Games4esl.com
With two syllable adjectives
that don't end in -y, and all
three syllable adjectives we
add the most before the
adjective.
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431. 4
Example
beautiful - more beautiful
the most beautiful
With two syllable adjectives
that don't end in -y, and all
three syllable adjectives we
add the most before the
adjective.
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432. Irregular
S U P E R L AT I V E A D J E C T I V E S
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433. Irregular Adjectives
Irregular adjectives don't
follow these rules.
So, you must memorize
them.
good better
bad worse
far further
well better
much more
many more
best
worst
furthest
best
most
most
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434. Let's Practice
S U P E R L AT I V E A D J E C T I V E S
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461. Comparing Objects
• To compare OBJECTS:
• S + V +
• More noun + than
• Less + noncount noun + than
• Fewer + count noun + than
• As much/many + noun + as
• I have more money than you
(do).
• This country has less
pollution than that country
(does).
• Our town has more cars than
that town (does).
• I don’t have as much time as
you (do).
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462. Comparing Nouns
• Superlative:
• S + V +
• The most + noun
• The least + noncount noun
• The fewest + count noun
• The largest/greatest/biggest
/smallest amount of + noun
• She has the most pencils of
all of us.
• I have the least patience.
• Tom has the fewest pencils.
• San Diego has the largest
amount of policemen.
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463. Comparing Subjects
• To compare subjects:
• More/less + noun + V + than
they + HV + PP
• There are more noun + PP
than PP.
• More people speak English
here than they do in China.
• There are more brown
animals in Canada than (there
are) in China.
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474. Summary
Describe the natural wonder you have ever seen or
heard about.
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You should try:
• what it is
• where it is located and how it looks like
• when you visited it or heard about it
477. Unit 6: Organizing your
time
• Commitments
• Present tense
used for future
• Offering to take
a message
• Leaving a
message
• Favors
• Requests;
promises and
offers with will
• Reading:” How to
manage your
time”
• Writing: Tips for
success
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478. KungFu English
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Do you think you organize
your time well? Why? Why
not?
What’s happening in the
picture?
Do you think the man
organizes his time well?
479. 1. Lesson A: A busy week
KungFu English
Match the words in columns A and B. Then listen and
check your answers
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484. • We use Present Continuous
-To talk about future actions that are already foreseen or
planned. In this case, we use an adverb or time expressions
like tonight, tomorrow, next year / week / month, at five
o’clock....
What are you doing next summer?
I am meeting him at the airport tomorrow at nine o’clock.
I am leaving Tokyo tomorrow morning at six o’clock.
(I already have my plane ticket.)
485. • We use Present Continuous
- When we have already decided and arranged to do something:
A :What are you doing on Saturday evening? (not – What do
you do!)
B: I am going to the theatre. (not – I go...)
A: What time Chaty is arriving tomorrow?
B: Half past ten. I am meeting her at the station.
I am not working tomorrow. So, we can go out somewhere!
Ian isn’t playing football next Saturday. He’s hurt his leg.
486. • We use Present Continuous
- For action just before you begin to do it. This happens
especially with verbs of movement: go, leave, arrive, come,
etc.
I am tired. I am going to bed! Goodnight!
Tina, are you ready yet? – Yes, I am coming!
487. We use Present Continuous
- For personal commitments that have previously planned,
for which preparations have already been made. (for
example, buying tickets, reserving seats, making
appointments, etc.)
Jane’s team are playing an important match next week.
(it is fixed date)
I am seeing them after the conference.
(I have an appointment with them.)
489. • We use Present Simple
-To talk about timetables, progammes, etc. (for public
transport, cinemas, etc.)
My train leaves at 16:04. Will you take me to the station?
What time does the film begin this evening?
Tomorrow is Sunday.
490. • We use Present Simple
- to talk about people if their plans are fixed like a
timetable (actions that are part of a timetable, for example
a holiday)
We arrive in Barcelona at four o’clock. We have dinner at the hotel.
We take a plane to Madrid at two p.m. the following day.
What time do you finish your job tomorrow?
I start my new job on Monday.
491. • We use Present Simple
- The present Simple is also used in secondary sentences
introduced by if, when, as soon as, when in the main sentence
there is a future with WILL!!!
If his eyesight deteriorates, they will operate!
I will talk to him as soon as he arrives!
492. Now, let’s us compare Present
Continuous and Present Simple!
493. What time are you arriving?
I am going to the cinema this
evening.
What time does the train
arrive?
The film begins at 8:15 this
evening.
Something that we arranged
at certain time!!!
Something that is part of
timetable, programme, etc.!!!
494. Now, let’s us compare Present
Continuous and Be + going to + Verb!
495. I am spending a couple of
days in New York. I have
booked a room in a hotel on
46th Street.
I am giving them a set of
cutlery as a weeding gift.
I have already arranged everything for my
jurney to New York!
I have decided and might even bought the present already!
I have aranged what to give as a present.
I am going to spend a couple
of days in New York.
I am going to give them a
wedding present.
I haven’t yet arranged anything.
I haven’t decided what to get yet.
Something that we arranged
In detail!!!
Shows my intention of doing
something, but not something
that I have arranged in detail!!!
501. How many phone calls do you make in a week? Do you
leave many messages?
Lesson B: Can I take a message?
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Listen to the conversation. What message does Rex leave
for Jake? Practise the conversation
502. Which ones are
offering?
Which ones are
checking?
Could you let … know
that…?
Can you tell… that…?
Do you want to leave a
message?
Would you like to leave a
message?
New expressions
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503. Practise the conversations again with the new expressions
Have conversations like the one in Part . Use these ideas
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514. Using modals to make polite
requests
Writing 1, Unit 7
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515. Will and Should
A: What should I have for lunch?
B: You should eat something healthy like a salad from Subway.
A: A salad? I’ll still be hungry if I only eat a salad!
B: Will you still be hungry if you eat a turkey sandwich?
A: I’m not sure. I think a sandwich should fill me up.
B: I don’t know what you’re going to eat, but I’m hungry! I’m going to
Subway! I’m going to try the ham sandwich for the first time. It
should taste great!
A: I guess I should come with you! I’ll try the turkey sandwich!
Will/going to = definite/certain future
Should = uncertain future or to give advice
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516. Will, May and Might
May / Might- For possibility about the future
Examples: “I may go to the party. I’m not sure.”
“I might go to Erica’s house after the party.”
• The negative forms are may not and might not.
• There is no contraction form.
Examples: I might not have time to study.
These cookies may not be healthy.
Will – shows certainty about the future
• Often written as a conjunction (I’ll, you’ll, she’ll, he’ll, we’ll, they’ll)
Example: You’ll pay more if you don’t bring coupons.
mayn’t
mightn’t
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517. Should: to ask for advice. To give advice. To give a
warning.
• Contraction of negative form : shouldn’t = should not
Give advice
• You should eat healthy food.
• You should use coupons to save money.
• You should try this sandwich. It’s delicious.
Give a warning
You shouldn’t skip class. You might fail the class.
You should not eat raw chicken. It will make you sick.
Ask for advice
Should I buy a new or used car?
Shouldn’t I try a free sample before I buy the product?
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518. Must /have to– to show necessity
Must and have to mean the same thing in affirmative sentences.
They show a need. Must is a more formal word.
I must study for the next test!
I have to study for the next test!
I need to study for the next test!
We must go inside. It’s going to rain.
We have to go inside. It’s going to rain.
We need to go inside. It’s going to rain.
SAME
MEANINGS!
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519. Must / Have to
in negative sentences.
In positive statements: same meaning
Example: You must (have to) buy a textbook for the class.
In negative statements: different meanings
Must not = against the law. Prohibited
Don’t have to = not necessary (there is some choice)
Example: You must not steal items from a store.
You don’t have to go to the party.
• Must not and cannot have a VERY similar meaning.
• Contraction: mustn’t = must not.
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520. Might / May– to show possibility
Might and may have the same meaning when they are used to show
possibility. They both mean the same as maybe.
You might fail this class.
You may fail this class.
Maybe you will fail this class.
SAME
MEANING!
It might rain soon.
It may rain soon.
Maybe it will rain soon.
SAME
MEANING!
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521. Can = ability, possibility or *permission
The man and woman can skate.
The little girl cannot skate. She needs help.
You can lose weight if you exercise.
You can start the assignment when you get home.
*Contraction of negative form: can’t
CAN is often confused with MAY.
CAN is used for ABILITIES.
MAY is used to ask or show PERMISSION:
A. May I go to the bathroom?
B. Yes, you may. PERMISSION: to let, to allow, to permit
A. Can you buy my lunch?
B. No, I can’t. I don’t have much money. ABILITY: able, capable
May = to give permission (properEnglish)
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522. Could & Would: Polite requests
Could is similar to can. Would is similar to will = Just more polite.
Examples: Could I have another cookie please? Can I have a cookie?
Would you lend me a pencil please? Will you lend me a pencil?
Could: past tense abilities.
• Can = present tense abilities. Cannot / can’t = negative
• Could = past tense abilities. Could not / couldn’t =negative
• Example: I could run very fast when I was young. Now that I am old, I
cannot run at all!
Would like = want
• “Would like” is more formal than “want”.
• It is Commonly written as a conjunction (I’d, you’d, he’d, she’d, we’d, they’d)
Examples:
*I would like to make a deposit please. *I’d like to purchase a ticket please.
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523. Student advice: using should
Advice for a friend coming to the United States
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524. Write sentences or questions: use will, should, must, might, can.
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525. Imperatives = commands
Instructions/requests: Sign your name on the
line, please.
Come to school at 8:45am.
Warnings: Be careful! The floor is wet!
Encouragement: Relax and do your best on the
test.
Have a great weekend! Get well soon!
Suggestions: Let’s go to the park! (Let’s = let us)
Why don’t we go to Applebees?
Impolite, angry expressions: Go away! Leave
me alone! Stop touching my things!
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526. Modals make commands more polite
GO TO THE LIBRARY. = Would you go to the library please?
MAKE DINNER!= Will you make dinner (please)?
STOP USING YOUR CELL PHONE! = Would you stop using your
cell phone please?
DO NOT DO THAT! =You should not do that! OR I would not do
that.
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528. How can change this
question into a command?
Change this question into a
command!!
Bwahahahahaha!!
529. Change these Questions into commands
Questions
1. Would you like to have lunch with
me?
2. Could you help me fix my computer?
3. Do you want to find my phone?
4. Can you go to bed please, son?
5. Will you marry me?
6. Can you speak more slowly and
quietly?
Commands
1. Have lunch with me.
2. Fix my computer.
3. Find my phone.
4. Go to bed please son.
5. Marry me……… please.
6. Speak more slowly and quietly.
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530. Make these commands more polite
Questions
1. Go pick up some milk from the store.
2. Help your sister do her homework.
3. Find my phone.
4. Help me fix my computer.
5. Call the doctor and cancel my
appointment.
Commands
1. Go pick up some milk from the store please.
2. Help your sister do her homework please.
3. Please find my phone.
4. Please help me fix my computer.
5. Please call the doctor and cancel my
appointment.
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531. How can we make requests?
Boring requests
•Could you...
•Can you...
•Would you...
•Will you...
Fun requests
• Would you do me a favor
and……
• Could you do me a favor
and…………..
Do you mind……..
Would you mind………
Would it be possible
for you to……….
Is it possible for you
to………….
Would you help me
by………….
Could you help me
by………..
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532. Change to “Do you mind…… + ing”
Boring Requests
1. Could you pick up some milk from
the store?
2. Can you help your sister do her
homework?
3. Could you find my phone?
4. Would you fix my computer?
5. Can you call the doctor and cancel
my appointment?
Do you mind…
1. Do you mind picking up some milk from the
store?
2. Do you mind helping your sister do her
homework?
3. Do you mind finding my phone?
4. Would you mind helping me fix my computer?
5. Would you mind calling the doctor and
cancelling my appointment?
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533. Change to “Would you help me by…… + ing”
Commands
1. Check my writing.
2. Go to sleep.
3. Stop playing loud music.
4. Get me my phone.
5. Hold my bag for me.
Would you help me by…
1. Would you help me by checking my writing?
2. Could you help me by going to sleep?
3. Can you help me by not playing loud music!
4. Can you help me by getting me my phone?
5. Would you help me by holding my bag for me?
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534. Change to “Would you do me a favor
and……?”
Boring Questions
1. Could you check my writing?
2. Can you go to sleep?
3. Can you stop playing loud music?
4. Would you get me my phone?
5. Would you hold my bag for me?
Commands
1. Can you do me a favor and check my writing?
2. Could you do me a favor and go to sleep?
3. Would you do me a favor and not play loud
music!
4. Could you do me a favor and get me my
phone?
5. Can you do me a favor and hold my bag for
me?
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535. Change to “Is it possible for you to……?”
Boring Questions
1. Could you give me a day off?
2. Can I go to the bathroom?
3. Would you speak more quietly?
4. Could you help me fix my computer?
5. Can you call the doctor and cancel
my appointment.
Is it possible for you to…
1. Is it possible for you to give me a day off?
2. Would it be possible for me to go to the
bathroom?
3. Would it be possible for you to speak more
quietly?
4. Is it possible for you to help me fix my
computer?
5. Would it be possible for you to call the
doctor and cancel my appointment?
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536. Do you mind finishing class now???
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537. Promises and Offers
Use the future simple (will + VERB) to respond to the
prompts given
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557. Summary
Talk about how to manage your time
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You should try:
• Why you take time management seriously
• How you manage your time
• What problems you face