Taxonomy, Vegetative characters, Reproductive characters , distinguishing characters floral formula, digram, economic importance of family geraniaceae

1. Family
Geraniaceae L.
Part –I
By Dr. S.D. Randive

2. Content:
 Introduction of family Geraniaceae
 General characters of the family
 Genera included under the family
 Diagnostic features of the family
 Common plants of the family
 One of the e.g of the family
 Classification
 Vegetative & Reproductive characters of
the family.
 Economic importance of the family

3. Introduction
 Geraniaceae is one of the dicot family.
 Members of this family are widely distributed
over temperate and subtropical regions of
northern and southern hemispheres.
 Geraniaceae family shows presence of 7
genera and 830 species.
 Most of the members of this family are
ornamental.
 They also shows presence of alkaloids,
flavenoides, cardiac glycosides.

4.  The members of this family have
antibacterial, antimicrobial activity.
 Members of family have antifungal,
antioxidant property.
 Members are usually used for extraction of
essential oil.
 Members are grown as indoor or outdoor
plants.
 Flowers of the family are coloured and
attractive.

5.  Geraniaceae is a family of flowering plants.
 Geraniaceae and Francoaceae are the two
families included in the
order Geraniales under the (APG)
classification.
 The family name is derived from the
genus Geranium.
 The family shows presence of large number
of Garden plants. and the garden plants
called geraniums.

6.  Among them three largest are:
Geranium (430 species)
Pelargonium (280 species)
Erodium (80 species).
 The family is characterised by presence of
lobed or divided leaves.
 Most of the members of this family are herb
or shrubs.

7.  Root system is tap root
 Stem is fleshy, thick woody, in many genera
rhizome or tuber like stem and covered with
simple or glandular hairs.
 Leaves are stipulate, usually alternate and
rarely opposite, leaves incised or palmilobed
or incised upto the base or compound, rarely
entire.
 Inflorescence is Cymose or solitary or
biclustered.

8. Leaf variation in family

11.  Presence of stipulate leaves.
 Pentamerous flower.
 Anthers usually 10
 Ovary terminates into beaked structure at
apex.
 Flowers bracteate, pentamerous, complete,
bisexual, actinomorphic, rarely zygomorphic,
hypogynous.
 Flower shows well differentiated calyx and
corolla

12.  Flowers are coloured in shades of pink, red,
purple, blue and white.
 Calyx usually 5, rarely 4 or 8, polysepalous,
rarely connate, imbricate or twisted
aestivation.
 Corolla usually 5, rarely 4 or 8, polypetalous,
imbricate aestivation, shows presence of
nectiferous glands, usually alternating with
the petals,.

13.  Stamens 10 in two whorls of 5 each, anthers
basifixed, connate, bithecous.
 Gynoecium 3-5 rarely 2-3, syncarpous ovary
Superior, axile placentation.
 Type of fruit is capsule dry schizocarp.
 Seeds are endospermic or with scanty
endosperm.
 Embryo is mostly curved.
 Pollination is Entomophilous.

14. Main Seven genera of
Geraniaceae
 Geranium
 Palargonium
 Erodium
 Monsonia
 California
 Hypseocharis
 Sarcocaulon

15. Genera of the family
 Aulacostigma
 California
 Campylia
 Ciconium
 Cortusina
 Dimacria
 Erodium
 Eumorpha
 Geraniospermum
 Geranium
 Hoarea
 Hyperum
 Hypseocharis
 Isopetalum
 Jenkinsonia

16.  Linostigma
 Monsonia
 Myrrhidium
 Olopetalum
 Otidia
 Pelargonion
 Pelargonium
 Peristera
 Phymatanthus
 Polyactium
 Polyschisma
 Robertium
 Sarcocaulon
 Seymouria

17. Some genera of family

19. Diagnostic features of family
 Herbs or shrub lets.
 Members are aromatic.
 Stem & leaves hairy, gland dotted.
 Leaves Stipulate
 Leaves alternate or in a basal rosette,
simple, or pinnately or palmately divided.
 Inflorescence cymose, solitory.
 Corolla shows presence of alternate
nectoriferous glands.
 Flowers pentamerous.

20.  Flowers mostly irregular with 4 free sepals
and 5 petals.
 Aestivation twisted or imbricate
 Stamens 10-15, free or fused at base.
 Ovary superior. Style 3-5-lobed, syncarpous.
 Fruit a dry schizocarp, with mericarps 1-
seeded.

21. Beautiful flowers of the family

25. Common plants of the family
 Geranium ocellatum
 Erodium cicutarium
 Pelargonium odoratissimum
 Pelargonium zonale
 Melianthus major
 Geranium viscosissimum
 Impatiens walleriana
 Sarcocaulon crassicaule

26. Fruits of the family

28. Seeds