The Nerf Stampede ECS instruction manual provides clear step-by-step instructions on how to use the product through diagrams and illustrations. However, the caution text could be more prominent. Overall the manual is easy to understand but the battery information could be more eye-catching. The Viva! Lambing lies leaflet aims to convince readers to adopt a vegetarian lifestyle but lacks balance by only presenting one side of the argument. It uses emotional language and cites sources to support its biased opinion against meat consumption. Newspaper articles promote political views through implicit language and references. They are inherently biased based on the owner's views but must follow codes of practice around libel, consent, and individuals'

1. Factual Writing
existing products
Nicole Tunningley

3. Nerf Stampede ECS
• The Nerf Stampede ECS instruction manual has a step by step layout as to allow whomever purchased/uses the
product to learn how to use it (correctly), whilst also including an anatomical diagram of the product and an
illustrated piece on how to ‘clear a jam’ with the product.
• On the other side (the back of the product) has detailed, illustrated instructions and diagrams as well as cautioned
warnings. Websites, helplines and addition distributer information. The product has clarity as it should be easy for
it’s target audience to read and understand so that they can work the product themselves such as very clear
instructions like ‘Remove the Clip’, but this can’t be said for the caution piece.
• The products also has aspects of conciseness with examples such as the previous throughout and accuracy with
the information provided as it is written by the company on how to work the product
• The information in the manual is factual and therefore is not biased and avoids ambiguity because it would cause
a problem if it was opinionated or vague as it wouldn’t help to set up the product, the font is also easy to read
which makes the information clear and impactful
• As the product is instructive, it does have a slightly indirect, formal language using Do not instead of Don’t
• As it is a manual it doesn’t reference sources, argue a point or have any legal constraints but it does have certain
codes of practice such as health and safety information for trading standards e.g. “Do not mix batteries”
• Overall, I think the design and layout suits the target audiences as it makes it easy to read especially if you are
looking to solve a specific problem on a certain area of the product. On the other hand I do not think the caution
aspect stands out well enough font-wise for how important it is. Even though the quality of the image is bad the
black font doesn’t stand out enough on the dark red, white on the other hand would. Another thing I don’t think is
as professional as the rest of it is the segment in which it states what quantity and type of battery you need for
the product to work. It’s a black bold font in a grey box placed on top of another grey segment of the piece making
it less eye-catching and that information needs to be quite visible.

5. Viva! Lambing lies
• Aside from the titles, this leaflet has no conciseness in the sense that the text is heavily detailed for
informative purposes.
• The accuracy of the information/statistics are considered debatable as there is not link as to where
they accessed said information to check if it is recent or even possible.
• The text avoids ambiguity in the sense that it does not falter to seem false or vague, for example
‘Each meat-eater in their lifetime will be responsible for the death of 23 lambs’. They don’t use
language such as ‘It is thought that’ or using words such as ‘approximately’.
• This piece of work is heavily biased as they are against eating meat through slaughter and are
clearly disgusted with the well being of the lambs. So, the emotion in the text is heavily opinionated
and passionate with the word choice, ‘mournful bleats’.
• The language is direct as seen with sentences like ‘you don’t want to know, believe us!’ making it
seem more personal. It is also informal using abbreviated terms such as ‘there’s’ to make the
author of the article seem relatable to the audience.
• One problem with this piece of work which is common amongst these kinds of product is that it
doesn’t use the factual statistics provided to evidence an argument of pros and cons and as they
are trying to convert you to vegetarianism they wouldn’t address the cons. Though as a professional
piece they may want to take it into consideration as someone’s diet can affect their wellbeing as
well, meaning they deserve to know the cons.
• They have referenced sources such as BBC’s Lambing Live show, stating how it glosses over the
truth of lamb farming. Whilst also discussing the supposed ‘hidden footage’ they had witnessing
something that promotes their opinion when in truth people already know it is a morbid

7. Newspaper Political promotion
• The article piece has clarity in a sense that it smoothly suggests certain opinions, ‘five more damned years’, in a
political aspect.
• The conciseness has no context but it is such a strong subject that you know what it is referring to, ‘Condemned
again’.
• This particular product shows statistical accuracy with the comparison to another but that cannot be helped with
something as popular as the general election, otherwise accuracy is debatable.
• There is definitely no uncertainty as these particular papers hold strong opinions and are certain of there choices,
therefore avoiding ambiguity.
• Newspapers are infamous for being incredibly politically biased as is seen clearly in the reference comparison
previous. This can typically be because of the owners of said newspapers advertising their opinions on the matter
which in turn prove to be quite impactful.
• Newspapers are quite commonly indirect as they are essentially not personally informing one particular audience
on their matter but are, as you might say addressing the nation. They are also very formal with there language and
choice of words, this can be due to their target audience being older and of a different social grade to, for example
teenagers. Therefore saying ‘they were not’ rather than ‘they weren’t’ unless quoting a subject word for word.
• Evidencing of an argument is something that should be achieved but of course isn’t always, due to newspaper
companies being so biased they won’t want to make people think that they are incorrect by voicing certain
opinions against their in a light in which they seem incorrect.
• They do reference sources in places such as image captions and author credits, such as ‘By political editor
reference Tom Newton Dunn’, this is respectful and fair to the author of course.
• Legal constraints includes for this subject issues of libel meaning they are not allowed to print ‘facts’ that are
untrue about someone and contempt of court. This means that if the court has stated that ‘this witness will not be
named’ the journalist for this particular piece is not allowed to investigate further on the identity of said witness.
• Finally, the editors code of practice ensures that people in the articles of the paper are entitled to a personal life
due to human rights, this has in the past created problems amongst journalists and the subjects in which they
report

9. Info graphic How-to
• The clarity of this product is quite complex and detailed for an older
audience, so it is not really clear to understand in comparison to other
products.
• Factually accurate but the data is organized and aligned based on your
preferences or what you need.
• Doesn’t avoid ambiguity as you are supposed to use this work to to
interpret it how you want but it is factually certain.
• It is not opinionated and is therefore not biased.
• The language used is informal and direct so that it is personal and
relatable to the audience.
• It does evidence an argument as it suggests the pros and cons of certain
platforms through comparison.
• It does in fact at the bottom of the page reference the website in which
the information originated ‘carcheo.com/buildwebsite’.
• The poster itself is composed of info graphics and is therefore pleasing to
the eye