facilities at Dock

1. Unit 6
Facilities at Dock
Ms. A. D. ware
Assistant professor
SITCOE, Yadrav.

2. DRY DOCKS
• The docks used for repairs of ships are known
as Dry Docks-
• As the name suggests, the arrangement in a
dry dock is to take in a vessel, close the gate,
& pump out the water.
• sometime, it is possible to take advantage of
tidal variation so as to avoid or reduce the
need of pumping.

12. The durations to conduct dry dock
• For ships of up-to 15 years age (before the 3rd
special survey ) 2 dry docks in each window of
5 years. The duration between above two
surveys will be at-least 2 years and maximum
3 years.
• For ships over 15 years of age (beyond the 3rd
special survey) dry dock every 2 years.

13. Cargo Handling Equipment
• Container
• Apron
• Transit shed
• Warehouse (Godowns)

14. 1. Containers
• Containers are used to send heavy weight
goods from one place to another.
• Huge metal boxes through which the heavy
products are transferred from one place to
another is called as containerisation.
• The containers have a capacity up to 80 tons &
most are built to ISO (International standard
organization) standards.

16. Advantages of Containers
• Reduced handling cost.
• Through transits on a door-to-door basis, thereby
eliminating intermediate handling of individual articles
pilferage & damage to cargo
• Partial elimination of packing & above all quicker
handling thereby assisting in improving the ship's turn-
round time in Port
• And generally permitting fewer ships to maintain the
service.
• less risk of cargo damage
• Quicker cargo handling
• Encourages trade development & trade expansions

17. Disadvantages of Containers
• Capital intensive project
• Beyond the ability of many ship owner
• Goods Restrictions regarding internal
movement

18. 2. APRONS
• The open space left immediately in front of
berth is known as Apron.
• It is required for loading & unloading of cargo
from vessels.
• The apron is utilized for the installation of
railway tracks & various other mechanical
devices, such as road trucks, cranes etc
• Use apron for the different efficient discharge
of the cargo.

19. • The width of apron depends upon the factors
like cost of construction, operation involved,
needs of handling the Cargo etc.
• The width of apron should be such that it
results in minimum travel time of Cargo to &
from the ship & the Transit shed.
• width = 10 m for part with light traffic to 25m
for heavy traffic.

21. 3. Transit Shed
• As the name suggests, it is a shed for goods in
transit from the vessel to the consignees or
from consignors to the vessel.
• For export cargo, to facilitate the quick loading
cargo is first brought to a transit shed &
collected there.
• In case of import cargo, it is not possible to
clear all the destinations by railway & trucks.

22. • There are covered temporary structures
located adjacent or on the pier or wharf for
temporary storage of cargo.
• These sheds are single or double storied.
Height.
• The floor area is the being used for the
handling & distributing incoming & out going
cargo requiring protection.

23. Purpose
• To protect the cargo from rain, sun, cold, dust etc.
• To protect the cargo from damage or theft.
• To separate and stack the individual
consignments.
• Storage of goods discharged from vessels and
awaiting clearance through customs and
distribution to warehouses.
• Storage of goods arriving by land and awaiting
export.

24. factors influencing the size of the
transit shed-
• Nature of cargo
• Height of its staking
• Allowance for movement
• other non storage areas
• Size of the vessels

25. Length of transit shed
• The length of the shed provides covered space
apposite to the entire length of the biggest
vessel for which a berth is designed.
• The idea is to provide quick access from all
hatches.
• For a unit length of 180m, the shed length is
suggested as 165 m.
• This leaves space for end access roadway to
apron & shed floor.

26. Width of the transit shed
• The width of the transit shed is determined by
the area.
• The minimum width of the shed should. not
be less than 50 m.

27. 4. Warehouse
• Permanent structure, usually provided on shore
or directly behind transit sheds for relatively long
term storage of cargo.
• Made of RCC, timber framing and siding with
roofing covering of appropriate roofing materials.
• It should be light in weight, fire resisting.
• It should be adjacent to pier or wharves to be
served.
• Road and rail services are provided at the back
and front of the warehouses with roads at the
end.

28. Location
• The sheds & warehouses should have easy &
ready access of facilities must be provided for
transfer & removal of goods.
• For this purpose, suitable sidings & rows
should be made around the sheds &
warehouses

29. • It may be noted that the cargo at the port &
disposed off in The Following four ways
1) It may be transferred to the country craft or
to coastal vessel directly.
2) It may be removed by land vehicles & Coastal
vessels.
3) It may be directly transferred to railway
wagons.
4) It may be transferred to lorries mad vehicles.