Calculation of gravitational force, potential energy, and escape velocity on Earth

Calculation of g ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

g is a vector g from planet g from star Total g = Vector sum Star planet

Gravitational PE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PE N S S N F F

Gravitational PE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],- PE S N S N F F

Gravitational Potential ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],planet A distant object has zero PE Attracted by gravity Negative PE Back to zero energy Amount of work needed to remove object Zero energy

Gravitational Potential Energy planet 1 kg Attracted by gravity Negative PE Back to zero energy 2kg The potential at a point is the energy needed to move 1 kg from infinity to that point The potential energy of an object is the energy needed to move the object from infinity to that point PE = mV = -GMm/r V = -GMm/r Amount of work needed to remove 1kg Zero energy Amount of work needed to remove 2 kg

Escape velocity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Calculate the escape velocity of Earth r= 6.4 x10 6 m m =6 x 10 24 kg v =  (2GM/r) =  (2 x 6.67 x 10 -11 x 6 x10 24 / 6.4 x10 6 ) = 11 000 ms -1 = 11kms -1 planet

Calculation of gravitational force, potential energy, and escape velocity on Earth

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Calculation of gravitational force, potential energy, and escape velocity on Earth