This document discusses exercise and cancer survivorship. It begins by outlining the rationale for using exercise as a form of treatment for cancer patients and survivors. It then reviews the evidence that exercise can help reduce the risk of certain cancers such as colorectal and breast cancer. The document also examines how exercise may improve survival rates and reduce the risk of cancer recurrence for some cancer patients. Finally, it discusses barriers to exercise for cancer survivors and strategies for developing effective exercise interventions and programs.
Dr Anna Campbell's keynote speech 'The Importance of Staying Active after a Cancer Diagnosis' at the SCPN's 'Be Active Against Cancer' conference, Tuesday 4th February 2014.
This workshop is delivered by Dr. Daniel Santa Mina, a Registered Kinesiologist and Certified Exercise Physiologist with specialization in oncology. Dr. Daniel Santa Mina is a Scientist at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre where he leads the Wellness and Exercise for Cancer Survivors Program (WE-Can) and an Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education at the University of Toronto. His main areas of clinical-research focus are on the physiological, functional, and psychosocial effects of exercise for cancer survivors.
Benefits of Physical Activities (PA) in Cancer SurvivorsRajat Chauhan
On 4th March 2012, I had the privelege of talking at Asian Breast Cancer Conference. But I wasn't planning on going there and be a yes man.
I took the oncology fraternity to task. If they have known for a long time that exercise and physical activity reduces cancer risk by 25-50% and side effects in survivors from inactivity is as bad as disease itself, then why don't they talk and promote more about it. Only a quarter bring up exercise to their patients. I was looking to get a reaction, whether it be a shoe thrown at me or saying, wow... Let's work together on this... But the audience was very sedated... courtesy the pharmaceutical industry that sponsors conferences like these. There was no response. I finished my talk by saying "my role model is Lance Armstrong, a man who did amazing things in world of sports after he was diagnosed, treated and then survived cancer."
Enjoy the presentation.
Dr Anna Campbell's keynote speech 'The Importance of Staying Active after a Cancer Diagnosis' at the SCPN's 'Be Active Against Cancer' conference, Tuesday 4th February 2014.
This workshop is delivered by Dr. Daniel Santa Mina, a Registered Kinesiologist and Certified Exercise Physiologist with specialization in oncology. Dr. Daniel Santa Mina is a Scientist at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre where he leads the Wellness and Exercise for Cancer Survivors Program (WE-Can) and an Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education at the University of Toronto. His main areas of clinical-research focus are on the physiological, functional, and psychosocial effects of exercise for cancer survivors.
Benefits of Physical Activities (PA) in Cancer SurvivorsRajat Chauhan
On 4th March 2012, I had the privelege of talking at Asian Breast Cancer Conference. But I wasn't planning on going there and be a yes man.
I took the oncology fraternity to task. If they have known for a long time that exercise and physical activity reduces cancer risk by 25-50% and side effects in survivors from inactivity is as bad as disease itself, then why don't they talk and promote more about it. Only a quarter bring up exercise to their patients. I was looking to get a reaction, whether it be a shoe thrown at me or saying, wow... Let's work together on this... But the audience was very sedated... courtesy the pharmaceutical industry that sponsors conferences like these. There was no response. I finished my talk by saying "my role model is Lance Armstrong, a man who did amazing things in world of sports after he was diagnosed, treated and then survived cancer."
Enjoy the presentation.
Dr Pradeep Jain Reviews, Fortis Hospital - Why, Who, When and What of Weight ...Dr Pradeep Jain Reviews
Dr Pradeep Jain Reviews, Fortis Hospital - Why, Who, When and What of Weight Loss. Dr Pradeep Jain Fortis has wide experience of Gastroenterology Surgery.
4th year medical students initiate a quality improvement project for health care providers. Be sure to visit http://wp.me/p4V1Uc-sb for the pre and post test and more information.
Get moving! Physical Activity and Colon Cancer July 2018 #CRCWebinar Fight Colorectal Cancer
Do you know the benefits of exercise during colorectal cancer treatment and survivorship? In July’s webinar, Dr. Catherine Jankowski, exercise physiologist, breaks down all the reasons why exercise is a key element during the cancer experience. She shares tips on how to stay active and offers support for those just getting started with an exercise routine.
Exercise can offer benefits for cancer patients -- even those currently undergoing treatment. Learn some tips for getting an exercise program safely started.
Audio and slides for this presentation are available on YouTube: http://youtu.be/f0c2vMxQtUo
Nancy Lin, MD, a breast oncologist in the Susan F. Smith Center for Women's Cancers at Dana-Farber, shares new data and research studies linking a healthy lifestyle to better treatment outcomes.
Dr Pradeep Jain Reviews, Fortis Hospital - Why, Who, When and What of Weight ...Dr Pradeep Jain Reviews
Dr Pradeep Jain Reviews, Fortis Hospital - Why, Who, When and What of Weight Loss. Dr Pradeep Jain Fortis has wide experience of Gastroenterology Surgery.
4th year medical students initiate a quality improvement project for health care providers. Be sure to visit http://wp.me/p4V1Uc-sb for the pre and post test and more information.
Get moving! Physical Activity and Colon Cancer July 2018 #CRCWebinar Fight Colorectal Cancer
Do you know the benefits of exercise during colorectal cancer treatment and survivorship? In July’s webinar, Dr. Catherine Jankowski, exercise physiologist, breaks down all the reasons why exercise is a key element during the cancer experience. She shares tips on how to stay active and offers support for those just getting started with an exercise routine.
Exercise can offer benefits for cancer patients -- even those currently undergoing treatment. Learn some tips for getting an exercise program safely started.
Audio and slides for this presentation are available on YouTube: http://youtu.be/f0c2vMxQtUo
Nancy Lin, MD, a breast oncologist in the Susan F. Smith Center for Women's Cancers at Dana-Farber, shares new data and research studies linking a healthy lifestyle to better treatment outcomes.
Motivações para a prática de diferentes atividades físicas: um estudo preliminarRafael Hsu
Relatório do Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC) apresentado como requisito para aprovação na disciplina Seminários em Educação Física e Saúde II e para obtenção do título de Bacharel em Educação Física e Saúde (antigo Ciências da Atividade Física)
Análise de Comportamento Do Consumidor: Academia Para Mulheres André Manenti
Trabalho acadêmico apresentado para a matéria de Comportamento do consumidor para o curso de MBA em Marketing da Fundação Getúlio Vargas de São Paulo sob orientação do professor Helder Haddad Carneiro da Silva.
Conteúdo desenvolvido pelos alunos: André Manenti das Neves Beatriz Pimenta, Carolina Nunes Costa Deborah Teixeira de Souza Ketery Filip da Silva e Tatiana Santos tento como avaliação a empresa Contours Academia para Mulheres.
Nutrition in Cancer Prevention and TreatmentTim Crowe
This presentation will help you to understand the influence that dietary and lifestyle factors play in the prevention and causation of cancer. It outlines the important nutritional considerations for patients undergoing treatment for cancer and reviews procedures to improve patient safety by knowing the risks and benefits of antioxidant supplementation during cancer treatment
Exercise and cancer: How staying active can positively impact your health and...Inspire
In an hour-long webinar, nationally recognized exercise specialist Carol Michaels, MBA, ACE, ACSM discussed how maintaining an exercise program during cancer treatment and recovery can help patients to minimize treatment side effects, increase energy levels, and reduce stress, along with many other benefits. Inspire produced the educational webinar in partnership with the Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network, US TOO International, and ThyCa: Thyroid Cancer Survivors' Association.
Developing a cancer survivorship research agenda - Prof Patricia GanzIrish Cancer Society
A presentation given at the Irish Cancer Society's Survivorship Research Day at the Aviva Stadium, Dublin on Thursday, September 20th, 2013.
Developing a cancer survivorship research agenda: challenges & opportunities - Prof Patricia Ganz, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health
Movement and Healing: Learn and Experience the Benefits of Movement During GY...bkling
Studies have shown that exercise may help reduce the risk of recurrence in cancer patients. It can also help improve mood and sleep, reduce anxiety, boost energy, and so much more. Join Dr. Shannon Armbruster, gynecologic oncologist at Virginia Tech’s Carilion Clinic, as she talks about these benefits, exercise guidelines for cancer survivors, her research, and more. One form of exercise that has mind-body benefits for cancer survivors is yoga. Dr. Samantha Harden, an associate professor of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise and 500 hour registered yoga teacher, will share some of the research findings related to yoga for cancer survivors and include a brief, accessible demonstration of the yoga kernels for public health (breathing, movement, moment-to-moment awareness). Learn about and reap the benefits of movement with us during this Gynecologic Cancer Awareness Month!
Cancer is not all about what we inherit-- it's also about what we eat, how much we move and even how we stay connected. This is good news! This talk reviews the evidence for how we can reduce our risk of cancer through simple lifestyle changes.
Exercise is any bodily activity that enhances or maintain physical fitness and overall health, Exercise with its Countless Benefits is the logical salvage for a group of diseases related to inactivity . In view of the prevalence, global reach and health effect of these physical inactivity related diseases, the issue should be appropriately described as pandemic, with far-reaching health, economic, social and Environmental consequences.These diseases include, Obesity, Coronary artery disease, Diabetes, Hypertension, Cancer, Depression and anxiety, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Etc, etc, etc… I think we have no option except doing regular exercises if we seriously searching for a salvage to escape the bad and serious consequences of these new life style diseases.
Myths and legacy of exercisemedicine in chronic diseasesAnn Gates
London Sports and Exercise Medicine Presentation.
December 2015.
Copyright Exercise Works Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contact ann@exercise-works.org for permissions.
Understant what is obesity and Bariatric Surgery, what are the risk factors and how to overcome on the it. For more information visit at http://gisurgery.info
A session for the REPs roadshow, Bristol, July 2015.
A brief workshop designed to stimulate discussion and thought around the use of groups in exercise referral schemes and how they might be optimised to support behaviour change.
A presentation from a workshop held at The University of St Mark & St john in November, 2014. The session was an information exchange session on the new NICE guidelines PH54 (exercise referral schemes to promote physical activity)
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
2. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Overview
Primary Cancer Prevention
Rationale for using exercise
Exercise as a form of treatment
Contraindications
Implications
The use of interventions
3. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Cancer
Cancer is a general term for a number of
conditions in which cells grow out of control.
Partial or complete lack of structural organisation
Lacks functional coordination with the normal
tissue
Usually forms a distinct mass of tissue that may
be either benign or malignant
2 million survivors in UK
46% female C breast/31% male C prostate
Colon, hematological, endometrial each 10%
4. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Stem Cells
http://stemcells.nih
.gov/info/Regenera
tive_Medicine/pag
es/2006chapter9.a
spx
Image from:
5. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Primary Prevention
Colorectal Cancer (Thune & Furberg, 2001)
40,000 patients; 10%-70% reduction in incidence
Decreased bowel transit time
Breast Cancer (Thune & Furberg, 2001)
108,000 patients; 30% risk reduction (In 26/41
studies)
Endometrial
8/12 studies show 20-80% reduction
Prostate, Ovarian, Testicular
Possible inconclusive reductions
6. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Potential Mechanisms
Modulation of reproductive hormone levels
Decrease in body weight and adiposity
Changes in levels of IGFs and binding proteins
Decrease in inflammation
Decrease in intestinal transit time
Enhanced immune function
(Bouchard et al 2012)
7. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Breast Cancer
Menarche,
1st
pregnancy,
Menopause,
Postmenopa
use
9. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Cancer Treatments
Surgery
Radiation Therapy
Chemotherapy
Immunotherapy
(Durstine et al, 2009
10. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Cancer Effects (cancer or treatment)
Fatigue
Weight changes
Urinary bowel problems
Peripheral neuropathy
Osteoporosis
Cardiotoxicity
Lymphoedema
Hot flushes
Night sweats
Anxiety
Depression
Difficulty with memory
11. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Exercise and survival
Evidence that Cancer survivors die of non-
cancer causes at a higher rate than general
population.
Those that exercise...
Breast Cancer
24-67% reduction in total deaths
50-53% reduction in risk of breast cancer deaths
Colon Cancer
50-63% reduction in risk of total deaths
39-59% decrease risk of colon cancer deaths
(see Irwin, 2009)
12. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Exercise as a treatment
(Speck, 2010)
13. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Biological Markers
Insulin
Insulin levels linked to risk of death
25% in insulin levels = 5% in survival rate
Overweight
Breast and prostate may be overweight
Head, neck, gastric may be underweight
14. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Fatigue
Up to 70% of patients report loss of energy.
1/3 of survivors experience fatigue for years
(Dimeo, 1999)
Multi-faceted
Tumour-related
Conditional-related
Disease-related
16. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Breast Cancer
Large number of studies
Lymphedema...
Caution taken with pain in arm or shoulder
Compression garments
Increased risk of fracture
18. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Prostate Cancer
By the age of 80, about half of all men will
have some cancer cells in their prostate
Only 1 in 25 of them will die from prostate
cancer.
Leading cause of death in prostate is
Cardiovascular disease
Screening
19. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Prostate Cancer and exercise
Aerobic Fitness
Muscular Strength
Body Size and composition
QOL
Fatigue
Physical Function – Pelvic Floor Exercises
Sexual function
Fracture Potential
21. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Physical Activity Levels in
survivors
Many not be active enough pre-cancer
Reduction in activity levels on diagnosis
Intuitive/medical advice to “take it easy”
Less than ½ return to pre-diagnosis levels
A teachable moment?? (Demark-Wahnefried et al, 2005)
26. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Psychosocial benefits
Mood
Functional Independence
Self-esteem
Sense of control
27. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Our work
http://vimeo.com/69834141
28. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Health Behaviour Change
Transtheoretical model. What stage?
Social Cognitive Theory
Mastery experiences
Modelling
Verbal persuasion
Physiological states and affect
29. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Strategies to increase PA
(Irwin,
2009)
30. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Jones’ experiences
311 survivors (breast, prostate colorectal, lung)
84% would prefer to receive ex counselling during cancer
experience.
Only 28% reported that oncologist raised issue of exercise.
14% raised issue themselves.
Of 42%, 14% referred to ex specialist
Only 16% in total reported exercising at recommended level
(Jones et al, 2002)
Most want to receive exercise counselling but variety of
interventions and methods key
31. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Intervention Content
Group v Individual
Adherence rates high
“brothers in arms” (Adamsen et al, 2001)
Home Exercise
Adherence acceptable
32. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Adherence (Vallance et al , 2008)
Exercise promotion booklet (n=377)
Random allocation
Booklet
Pedometer
Booklet and pedometer
Standard recommendation to increase PA
PA ↑ ~90min/wk in 2 pedometer groups
6 months later
↓ in all groups
Pedo’s ~50 min/wk more than baseline but standard 9
min/wk more (not sign diff.)
Click the
booklet to
go to it
online
33. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Implications of evidence
“What can I do to improve my
survival?”
Improved treatment
Return on investment for NHS funding??
34. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Marjon Projects
Prostate Cancer
Hematological Cancer
Exercise Referral Scheme for Cancer
Survivors
35. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Conclusions
Stage Evidence
During Cancer treatment PA improves, or prevents the decline
of physical function without
increasing
After cancer treatment PA helps recover physical function
During and after cancer treatment PA can reduce the risk of cancer
recurrence and mortality for some
cancers and can reduce teh risk of
developing other long term conditions
Advanced cancer PA can help maintain independence
and wellbeing
Click here for link
36. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Issues with evidence
QoL, fatigue subjectively measured
Multiple natures of diagnosis, conditions, ages
PA at different stages of life
38. SHSM022/ BJ Exercise and Cancer Survivorship
Further reading
www.benjanefitness.com – Click here for Exercise and Cancer page
Ehrman, J., Gordon, P., Visich, P.S., Keteyianby, S. (2009) Clinical Exercise Physiology
(2nd Ed) Champaign IL: Human Kinetics
Durstine, J.L. et al (2009) ACSM's exercise management for persons with chronic
diseases and disabilities (3rd Ed) Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics [google books]
Irwin, M.L. (2009) Physical activity interventions for cancer survivors. Br J Sports Med
Vol.43, 32-8 [full text]
Schwartz, A.J. (2005) Cancer Fitness: Exercise Programmes for patients and survivors.
New York, NY: Fireside [amazon][amazon preview]
Swain, D.P. & Leutholtz, B.C. (2007) Exercise Prescription: A case study approach to
the ACSM Guidelines (2nd Ed). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
2m expected to rise by 3% each year (Maddams, 2009)
More likely to contract cv and diabetes disease
5% in survival rate same as chemo
1/3 or more of physical decloine attributed to inactivity
Inactivity also leads to joint imobility, osteoporosis, balance loweed pain threshold
Unlike many other cancers, prostate cancers can be there for years before they are found. This type of cancer can often grow very slowly indeed and may not cause any symptoms at all during a man's lifetime. By the age of 80, about half of all men will have some cancer cells in their prostate, but only 1 in 25 of them will actually die from prostate cancer. On the other hand, some types of prostate cancer are faster growing and can spread to other parts of the body.
Fatigue
The most commonly reported side effect of cancer treatment is fatigue.
Some considerations
Plan a progressive programme and try to stick to it, this means that youshould try to avoid overdoing it at times when you feel at your best.
Make a list of chores that you need doing, prioritise them and then ask friends and family to help you out. This will prevent you from becoming unnecessarily tired and from being unable to complete your exercise programme.
Nausea
On their own, or in combination, chemotherapy and radiation can cause nausea and/or sickness which is why it is important for survivors to take anti-nausea medication if it is prescribed. If this medication is not working then it is important to let the healthcare team know so they might make adjustments to the dose or prescription. Some other tips that might work are as follows:
Hot foods can have stronger odours, so eating cold or room temperature foods can sometimes help.
Drink lots of fluids and try a range of flavours as some may be more palatable than others.
Avoid fatty, spicy, fried or excessively sweet foods as these may increase the feeling of nausea.
Bland foods such as crackers, rice and pasta may help.
Keeping the mouth clean by brushing twice a day and rinsing the mouth with salt water can help.
Mouth Sores
Many of treatments used in chemotherpay and immunotherapy are unable to target only the Cancer cells and target a broad range of rapidly dividing cells in the body. This can result in the hair follicles and lining of the mouth and stomach from being damaged leaving the digestive tract red and painful. Some tips for managing this side effect are as follows:
Gently brush the gums, tongue and top of the mouth.
Keep the lips coated with a water-based lip moisturiser.
Lymphedema
Lymph nodes are important in the proper functioning of the immune system and are found all over the body. They act as filters or traps for foreign particles and are packed full of white blood cells. Lymphedema is caused by a blockage of the lymph nodes and is a swelling that is usually found in the armpit or groin area.
It's a good idea to monitor any changes by measuring the extremity in question regularly.
Any swollen extremity can be elevated at least 20 minutes, 3 to 4 times a day.
Exercise, self-massage and gentle stretching can move the fluid toward the body.
Unaccustomed heavy lifting should be avoided although with careful exercise programming on a cautious timescale, lifting weights can still be possible.
Peripheral Neuropathy
This is a loss of sensation that usually occurs in the fingers, hands, toes and feet and can make tasks such as dressing, eating and walking difficult.
Radiation Dermititis
Radiation therapy can result in skin irritation, itchiness, redness and peeling. If an exerciser has patches of dermititis then activity can result in sweat aggravating these areas. It may be beneficial to take steps to avoid sweating excessively such as exercising outdoors or in shorter bouts, or to cover the area with a gauze.
Constipation
Whilst some medications can cause constipation, it can be a result of reduced activity levels, dietary changes or decreased fluid intake. Some ideas for avoiding constipation are below:
Eat foods that are high in fibre, and lots of fruit and vegetables.
Try to develop a daily routine so there is a regular time for bowel movements.
Drink plenty of fluids
Diarrhoea
Radiation therapy to the bowel area or certain forms of chemotherapy can cause diarrhoea. There are some actions one can take to reduce the incidence of diarrhoea below:
Avoid eating foods high in fibre, fatty foods, rich desserts, or other foods that increase boewl activity.
If diarrhoea occurs after meals, plan activities accordingly.
Increase the intake of fluids.
Infection
chemotherapy and immunotherapy can cause low blood counts and immunosupression. At times where the blood count is low it may be sensible to ensure high levels of personal hygiene are maintained and that large group situations, or classes, are avoided.
Mode of activity
As a result of disease, some patients may have weakness to their bones. Those with disease to the pelvis or lower legs should avoid high-impact exercise and may benefit from seated exercise such as cycling or chair exercises. Exercising in the water may also be an option for these individuals.
Water-based activities will be suitable for some and not for others. Those with intravenous catheters, nephrostomy tubes, and urinary bladder catheters may not be able to use a pool but those with indwelling central venous catheters, continent urinary devices, or colostomies may be able to. (Ehrman, 2009)
Additional considerations
An exercise buddy system that pairs up a novice survivor/exerciser with a more experienced partner can provide support and improve initial adherence to any programme.
Identifying barriers to exercise and jointly devising some strategies to overcome these barriers can be an efficient use of time at the start of any exercise programme.