Exercise provides health benefits but is not effective for weight loss alone. Strength training and high intensity interval training are recommended exercise modalities that can improve health outcomes. Strength training three times per week for 40 minutes plus 20 minutes of high intensity interval training is a good starting prescription. Exercise should be used as an adjunct to nutritional counseling, which should focus on a simple, supportive approach to improve dietary compliance.
The document discusses World Heart Day 2023, which has the theme "Use Heart to Know Heart." The day aims to unite people worldwide in fighting heart disease and promoting heart-healthy lifestyles. Cardiovascular disease is the world's number one killer, responsible for over 20 million deaths annually. However, 80% of premature deaths from cardiovascular disease are preventable through lifestyle changes like diet, exercise, and stress management. The document outlines key risk factors for heart disease and provides 10 simple steps that individuals can take to maintain a healthy heart, such as eating well, exercising regularly, avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol, and managing conditions like high blood pressure and cholesterol.
This document discusses regulatory T cells (Tregs) as potential therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It begins with an introduction to RA, describing its causes, symptoms, risk factors, and current diagnostic tools and drug treatments. It then discusses Tregs, which suppress immune responses and help maintain tolerance. Several drugs are proposed that could promote Treg function or numbers to restore normal immune regulation in RA, including TNF inhibitors, T cell costimulatory blocking agents, TLR antagonists, HDAC inhibitors, and interleukin-2. The document concludes that controlling regulatory immune mechanisms through targeting Tregs may provide novel therapeutic approaches for treating autoimmune diseases like RA.
Este documento es un resumen del libro "Doscientos Años Después" del autor Luis Octavio Yepes Roldán. El libro traza la historia de Santa Rosa de Osos, Colombia desde 1790 hasta 1850 a través de 12 capítulos que describen eventos históricos, figuras religiosas y políticas importantes, la estructura social, instituciones coloniales españolas y eclesiásticas, y los efectos de la independencia de Colombia. El objetivo general es proporcionar material para un mejor entendimiento de la ciudad de Santa Rosa de Os
Let food be your medicine and medicine be your foodrcmakatidasma
Hippocrates circa 400BC said "Let food be your medicine and medicine be your food". Lucretius circa 75BC said "What is food to one man may be fierce poison to another". This document discusses how the foods we eat can affect our health, explaining food allergies and intolerances, how they differ, common triggers, and conditions they may relate to or cause like malabsorption and persistent inflammation. It also outlines food intolerance testing which detects IgG antibodies to foods to identify likely problematic foods.
4th year medical students initiate a quality improvement project for health care providers. Be sure to visit http://wp.me/p4V1Uc-sb for the pre and post test and more information.
This document provides an overview of nutrition for high performance athletes from an evidence-based perspective. It discusses macronutrients and micronutrients, evidence-based practice, and the role of nutrition in fueling training and recovery. Specific guidelines are presented for endurance athletes and strength/power athletes. Supplements like protein, creatine, and beta-alanine are discussed. Practical guidance is given on developing individualized macronutrient goals and tracking progress objectively and subjectively.
The document summarizes some of the fundamental principles of naturopathy. It discusses 10 principles: (1) the body heals itself, (2) the main cause of disease is enervation or fatigue of the nervous system, (3) the deposit of metabolic waste products in the body is what causes disease, (4) acute disease is a remedial process by which the body heals itself, (5) food is a building material but does not increase vitality, (6) fasting provides an opportunity for the body to heal itself, (7) germs are found in diseased conditions but do not cause disease, (8) exercise maintains balance between nutrition and drainage, (9) external treatments only provide
Effect of Eight Weeks Conditioning On Body Mass Index of College StudentsIOSR Journals
This study examined the effects of an eight-week conditioning program on the body mass index (BMI) of 50 male college students aged 17 to 23 years old. The students participated in conditioning exercises six days per week for one hour each session. BMI was measured before and after the eight weeks through pre- and post-tests. The results showed that the mean BMI decreased significantly from 25.66 to 24.30, indicating that participation in regular conditioning exercises can be effective for lowering BMI in college students.
The document discusses World Heart Day 2023, which has the theme "Use Heart to Know Heart." The day aims to unite people worldwide in fighting heart disease and promoting heart-healthy lifestyles. Cardiovascular disease is the world's number one killer, responsible for over 20 million deaths annually. However, 80% of premature deaths from cardiovascular disease are preventable through lifestyle changes like diet, exercise, and stress management. The document outlines key risk factors for heart disease and provides 10 simple steps that individuals can take to maintain a healthy heart, such as eating well, exercising regularly, avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol, and managing conditions like high blood pressure and cholesterol.
This document discusses regulatory T cells (Tregs) as potential therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It begins with an introduction to RA, describing its causes, symptoms, risk factors, and current diagnostic tools and drug treatments. It then discusses Tregs, which suppress immune responses and help maintain tolerance. Several drugs are proposed that could promote Treg function or numbers to restore normal immune regulation in RA, including TNF inhibitors, T cell costimulatory blocking agents, TLR antagonists, HDAC inhibitors, and interleukin-2. The document concludes that controlling regulatory immune mechanisms through targeting Tregs may provide novel therapeutic approaches for treating autoimmune diseases like RA.
Este documento es un resumen del libro "Doscientos Años Después" del autor Luis Octavio Yepes Roldán. El libro traza la historia de Santa Rosa de Osos, Colombia desde 1790 hasta 1850 a través de 12 capítulos que describen eventos históricos, figuras religiosas y políticas importantes, la estructura social, instituciones coloniales españolas y eclesiásticas, y los efectos de la independencia de Colombia. El objetivo general es proporcionar material para un mejor entendimiento de la ciudad de Santa Rosa de Os
Let food be your medicine and medicine be your foodrcmakatidasma
Hippocrates circa 400BC said "Let food be your medicine and medicine be your food". Lucretius circa 75BC said "What is food to one man may be fierce poison to another". This document discusses how the foods we eat can affect our health, explaining food allergies and intolerances, how they differ, common triggers, and conditions they may relate to or cause like malabsorption and persistent inflammation. It also outlines food intolerance testing which detects IgG antibodies to foods to identify likely problematic foods.
4th year medical students initiate a quality improvement project for health care providers. Be sure to visit http://wp.me/p4V1Uc-sb for the pre and post test and more information.
This document provides an overview of nutrition for high performance athletes from an evidence-based perspective. It discusses macronutrients and micronutrients, evidence-based practice, and the role of nutrition in fueling training and recovery. Specific guidelines are presented for endurance athletes and strength/power athletes. Supplements like protein, creatine, and beta-alanine are discussed. Practical guidance is given on developing individualized macronutrient goals and tracking progress objectively and subjectively.
The document summarizes some of the fundamental principles of naturopathy. It discusses 10 principles: (1) the body heals itself, (2) the main cause of disease is enervation or fatigue of the nervous system, (3) the deposit of metabolic waste products in the body is what causes disease, (4) acute disease is a remedial process by which the body heals itself, (5) food is a building material but does not increase vitality, (6) fasting provides an opportunity for the body to heal itself, (7) germs are found in diseased conditions but do not cause disease, (8) exercise maintains balance between nutrition and drainage, (9) external treatments only provide
Effect of Eight Weeks Conditioning On Body Mass Index of College StudentsIOSR Journals
This study examined the effects of an eight-week conditioning program on the body mass index (BMI) of 50 male college students aged 17 to 23 years old. The students participated in conditioning exercises six days per week for one hour each session. BMI was measured before and after the eight weeks through pre- and post-tests. The results showed that the mean BMI decreased significantly from 25.66 to 24.30, indicating that participation in regular conditioning exercises can be effective for lowering BMI in college students.
Delivered (Feb 2014) as part of 12th MDRF–UAB International Seminar on Prevention and control of non-communicable diseases organized by Madras Diabetes Research Foundation (MDRF), Chennai, India in association with Florida International University(FIU), University Of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), & University Of Minnesota, Supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH), USA
This document discusses strategies for weight loss through diet, exercise, or a combination. It summarizes research finding that combining diet and exercise results in more effective and long-term weight loss than either approach alone. Specifically, starting a diet and exercise program simultaneously prevents losing muscle mass during weight loss and is more likely to result in sustained lifestyle changes over time compared to sequential approaches. The recommended approach is a reduced-calorie diet along with at least 60 minutes per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity most days of the week.
The importance & facts about Physical Activity in Obesity Management on:
Weight loss &Weight loss maintenance
Physical activity & obesity prevention
Effects on general health risks
Mechanisms of Action
Recommendations for Physical Activity in Obesity
Physical Activity Recommendations in Patients
Exercise physiology is the study of how the body responds and adapts to exercise. It examines the effects of exercise on body systems from acute to chronic adaptations. Physical activity provides numerous health benefits by enhancing cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and body composition. Programs should be designed using the FITT principle and individual goals, abilities, and needs to optimize health and fitness benefits while avoiding injury or disorders like anorexia or bulimia.
Sedentary behavior and inactivity physiology slideshare presentationyannisguerra
This document discusses the negative health effects of sedentary behavior and inactivity. It defines sedentary behavior as activities that involve little physical movement and low energy expenditure (less than or equal to 1.5 METs), including sitting, watching TV, and driving. The document summarizes evidence that sedentary behavior and physical inactivity are associated with increased risk of chronic diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular disease, independent of exercise levels. It also discusses non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT), which decreases with physical inactivity, as a major factor contributing to weight gain and metabolic issues when sedentary levels increase in modern society.
Benefit Of Strengthing Exercises For Cardiac PatientJavidsultandar
Strength and resistance training exercise is one of the four types of exercise along with endurance, balance and flexibility. Ideally, all four types of exercise would be included in a healthy workout routine and AHA provides easy to follow guidelines for endurance and strength-training in its Recommendations for Physical Activity in Adults.
HAL for Gait Training in MS:
- Improve gait parameters
- Decrease fatigue
- Improve balance and mobility
- Increase walking endurance
HAL: Hybrid Assistive Limb
- Powered exoskeleton suit
- Sensors in suit detect bioelectric signals from muscles
- Suit assists voluntary limb movement
Ongoing Study: Not yet published
This document provides an overview of exercise physiology and fitness. It discusses what exercise physiology is, the role of physical activity in health and fitness, and how to design a fitness program using the FITT formula. It also covers various components of physical fitness like cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and body composition. Principles of training and factors that influence fitness are described.
The document discusses the benefits of physical activity and exercise. It defines key terms like physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness. It describes the health-related and skill-related components of physical fitness. It also summarizes research showing a dose-response relationship between physical activity/fitness and reduced risk of cardiovascular and other diseases. While risks increase with vigorous exercise, the overall benefits of regular physical activity outweigh these transient risks.
The document discusses how regular exercise can benefit immune function in several ways:
1) Both aerobic and anaerobic exercise can increase the body's resistance to oxidative stress and lower oxidative damage through increased antioxidant enzyme activity.
2) Aerobic exercise in particular promotes a healthier fat-burning metabolism and circulation, which supports the immune system.
3) Moderate exercise may help prevent immune suppression caused by single sessions of intensive exercise by increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines.
This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of diet-induced weight loss, exercise-induced weight loss, exercise without weight loss, and a control group on obesity and related health factors in obese men over 3 months. It found that both diet-induced and exercise-induced weight loss groups lost approximately 7.5 kg (8%) of body weight, with greater total fat loss in the exercise group. Abdominal fat and insulin resistance decreased similarly in both weight loss groups. Exercise without weight loss reduced abdominal fat and prevented further weight gain, but did not change weight or insulin resistance.
The document discusses exercise and its benefits for obese patients. It defines different types of physical activity and exercise. It describes the physiological effects of exercise on skeletal muscle and cardiovascular systems. Regular exercise provides significant health benefits like reduced mortality, improved glycemic control, and reduced risks of various diseases. Exercise is an important component of weight loss and maintenance by increasing calorie burn and lean muscle mass. The guidelines recommend accumulating 30-60 minutes per day of moderate exercise most days of the week.
Chapter 11 EXERCISE FOR HEALTH AND FITNESSEarlene McNair
This document discusses the benefits of exercise and components of physical fitness. It outlines the key health benefits of exercise, including reduced risk of premature death, improved cardiorespiratory health, disease prevention, and improved psychological well-being. It then describes the five components of physical fitness - cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and body composition. The document provides guidance on developing an exercise routine, including frequency, intensity, time, type and progression for different types of exercise.
Assess The Effect of Resistance Training Compared To a Weight Loss Diet Progr...IOSR Journals
To evaluate the effect of a Resistance training program (BT) versus weight loss diet (DR) on body composition, insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular risk factors in obese adolescents. Methods: Thirty obese adolescents with a BMI above the 97th percentile participated in a training program and diet for 12 weeks. They were randomized into two groups: a diet group (DR, n = 16) with a caloric restriction of 500 kcal / day and Strength training group (BT, n = 14) for all major muscle groups, three sessions / week with an intensity of 50-80% (1.RM) for 3 months. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were performed for all of our subjects before and after the intervention program of 12 weeks. Results: Significant variations of body composition parameters were observed in both groups. The decrease of BMI, body weight, fat mass and (WC) for the group (DR) was more important than the group (BT) (p <0.01><0.05><0.05)),><0.05).><0.05) respectively). Conclusion: Strength training improves much more the sensitivity to insulin and cardiovascular risk factors than weight loss diet program. The latter is more effective for weight loss, BMI and body fat in obese adolescent boys.
Module 10 mcc sports nutrition credit course - body composition and sports...QUA NUTRITION
1. Body composition assessments provide information on an individual's fat and muscle levels which helps establish health and fitness goals. Indirect methods like skinfold measurements, bioelectrical impedance, and hydrostatic weighing are commonly used.
2. For athletes, optimal body composition varies by gender but generally males aim for 8-12% body fat and females 16-20%. Making weight through rapid dehydration or malnutrition poses health risks and impairs performance.
3. Gaining muscle requires a calorie-dense diet with adequate protein, along with consistent strength training over time. Proper nutrition and recovery after workouts supports muscle growth.
Exercise physiology is the study of how the body responds to physical activity and exercise. It examines how the body's systems adapt both acutely during a single bout of exercise, as well as chronically with long-term exercise training. Physical fitness includes health-related components like cardiovascular endurance, body composition, flexibility, and muscle strength and endurance, as well as performance-related aspects such as power, speed, coordination, balance and agility. Understanding exercise physiology allows one to maximize health benefits, athletic performance, and rehabilitation through exercise.
3. Physical Activity in Diabetes management - Copy.pptxVEERESHKADEMANI1
The document discusses the role of physical activity and exercise in diabetes management. It covers topics like the benefits of aerobic and resistance training in improving health outcomes, components of an exercise prescription including frequency, intensity and time, assessing a patient's exercise needs, different types of exercise, strategies to prevent hypoglycemia during or after exercise, and concludes that physical activity should be recommended to all individuals with diabetes.
To Assess the Effect of Body Mass Index on Cardiac Efficiency in Adolescent B...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
What every Adult needs to know about Strength TrainingThe York School
The document discusses the benefits of strength training for weight loss and wellness compared to dieting or cardio alone. It notes that strength training helps avoid muscle and metabolic rate loss due to aging by increasing muscle mass and resting metabolism. The summary also highlights that strength training can effectively reduce body fat levels when combined with other exercise over a period of 10-12 weeks according to several cited studies.
HIGH-INTENSITY CIRCUIT TRAINING USING BODY WEIGHTFernando Farias
Traditionally, resistance training often is
performed separately from aerobic training V
typically on two or three nonconsecutive days
each week. The American College of Sports
Medicine (ACSM) recommends 8 to 12 repeti-
tions of a resistance training exercise for each
major muscle group at an intensity of 40% to 80%
of a one-repetition max (RM) depending on the
training level of the participant.
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
Delivered (Feb 2014) as part of 12th MDRF–UAB International Seminar on Prevention and control of non-communicable diseases organized by Madras Diabetes Research Foundation (MDRF), Chennai, India in association with Florida International University(FIU), University Of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), & University Of Minnesota, Supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH), USA
This document discusses strategies for weight loss through diet, exercise, or a combination. It summarizes research finding that combining diet and exercise results in more effective and long-term weight loss than either approach alone. Specifically, starting a diet and exercise program simultaneously prevents losing muscle mass during weight loss and is more likely to result in sustained lifestyle changes over time compared to sequential approaches. The recommended approach is a reduced-calorie diet along with at least 60 minutes per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity most days of the week.
The importance & facts about Physical Activity in Obesity Management on:
Weight loss &Weight loss maintenance
Physical activity & obesity prevention
Effects on general health risks
Mechanisms of Action
Recommendations for Physical Activity in Obesity
Physical Activity Recommendations in Patients
Exercise physiology is the study of how the body responds and adapts to exercise. It examines the effects of exercise on body systems from acute to chronic adaptations. Physical activity provides numerous health benefits by enhancing cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and body composition. Programs should be designed using the FITT principle and individual goals, abilities, and needs to optimize health and fitness benefits while avoiding injury or disorders like anorexia or bulimia.
Sedentary behavior and inactivity physiology slideshare presentationyannisguerra
This document discusses the negative health effects of sedentary behavior and inactivity. It defines sedentary behavior as activities that involve little physical movement and low energy expenditure (less than or equal to 1.5 METs), including sitting, watching TV, and driving. The document summarizes evidence that sedentary behavior and physical inactivity are associated with increased risk of chronic diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular disease, independent of exercise levels. It also discusses non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT), which decreases with physical inactivity, as a major factor contributing to weight gain and metabolic issues when sedentary levels increase in modern society.
Benefit Of Strengthing Exercises For Cardiac PatientJavidsultandar
Strength and resistance training exercise is one of the four types of exercise along with endurance, balance and flexibility. Ideally, all four types of exercise would be included in a healthy workout routine and AHA provides easy to follow guidelines for endurance and strength-training in its Recommendations for Physical Activity in Adults.
HAL for Gait Training in MS:
- Improve gait parameters
- Decrease fatigue
- Improve balance and mobility
- Increase walking endurance
HAL: Hybrid Assistive Limb
- Powered exoskeleton suit
- Sensors in suit detect bioelectric signals from muscles
- Suit assists voluntary limb movement
Ongoing Study: Not yet published
This document provides an overview of exercise physiology and fitness. It discusses what exercise physiology is, the role of physical activity in health and fitness, and how to design a fitness program using the FITT formula. It also covers various components of physical fitness like cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and body composition. Principles of training and factors that influence fitness are described.
The document discusses the benefits of physical activity and exercise. It defines key terms like physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness. It describes the health-related and skill-related components of physical fitness. It also summarizes research showing a dose-response relationship between physical activity/fitness and reduced risk of cardiovascular and other diseases. While risks increase with vigorous exercise, the overall benefits of regular physical activity outweigh these transient risks.
The document discusses how regular exercise can benefit immune function in several ways:
1) Both aerobic and anaerobic exercise can increase the body's resistance to oxidative stress and lower oxidative damage through increased antioxidant enzyme activity.
2) Aerobic exercise in particular promotes a healthier fat-burning metabolism and circulation, which supports the immune system.
3) Moderate exercise may help prevent immune suppression caused by single sessions of intensive exercise by increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines.
This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of diet-induced weight loss, exercise-induced weight loss, exercise without weight loss, and a control group on obesity and related health factors in obese men over 3 months. It found that both diet-induced and exercise-induced weight loss groups lost approximately 7.5 kg (8%) of body weight, with greater total fat loss in the exercise group. Abdominal fat and insulin resistance decreased similarly in both weight loss groups. Exercise without weight loss reduced abdominal fat and prevented further weight gain, but did not change weight or insulin resistance.
The document discusses exercise and its benefits for obese patients. It defines different types of physical activity and exercise. It describes the physiological effects of exercise on skeletal muscle and cardiovascular systems. Regular exercise provides significant health benefits like reduced mortality, improved glycemic control, and reduced risks of various diseases. Exercise is an important component of weight loss and maintenance by increasing calorie burn and lean muscle mass. The guidelines recommend accumulating 30-60 minutes per day of moderate exercise most days of the week.
Chapter 11 EXERCISE FOR HEALTH AND FITNESSEarlene McNair
This document discusses the benefits of exercise and components of physical fitness. It outlines the key health benefits of exercise, including reduced risk of premature death, improved cardiorespiratory health, disease prevention, and improved psychological well-being. It then describes the five components of physical fitness - cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and body composition. The document provides guidance on developing an exercise routine, including frequency, intensity, time, type and progression for different types of exercise.
Assess The Effect of Resistance Training Compared To a Weight Loss Diet Progr...IOSR Journals
To evaluate the effect of a Resistance training program (BT) versus weight loss diet (DR) on body composition, insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular risk factors in obese adolescents. Methods: Thirty obese adolescents with a BMI above the 97th percentile participated in a training program and diet for 12 weeks. They were randomized into two groups: a diet group (DR, n = 16) with a caloric restriction of 500 kcal / day and Strength training group (BT, n = 14) for all major muscle groups, three sessions / week with an intensity of 50-80% (1.RM) for 3 months. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were performed for all of our subjects before and after the intervention program of 12 weeks. Results: Significant variations of body composition parameters were observed in both groups. The decrease of BMI, body weight, fat mass and (WC) for the group (DR) was more important than the group (BT) (p <0.01><0.05><0.05)),><0.05).><0.05) respectively). Conclusion: Strength training improves much more the sensitivity to insulin and cardiovascular risk factors than weight loss diet program. The latter is more effective for weight loss, BMI and body fat in obese adolescent boys.
Module 10 mcc sports nutrition credit course - body composition and sports...QUA NUTRITION
1. Body composition assessments provide information on an individual's fat and muscle levels which helps establish health and fitness goals. Indirect methods like skinfold measurements, bioelectrical impedance, and hydrostatic weighing are commonly used.
2. For athletes, optimal body composition varies by gender but generally males aim for 8-12% body fat and females 16-20%. Making weight through rapid dehydration or malnutrition poses health risks and impairs performance.
3. Gaining muscle requires a calorie-dense diet with adequate protein, along with consistent strength training over time. Proper nutrition and recovery after workouts supports muscle growth.
Exercise physiology is the study of how the body responds to physical activity and exercise. It examines how the body's systems adapt both acutely during a single bout of exercise, as well as chronically with long-term exercise training. Physical fitness includes health-related components like cardiovascular endurance, body composition, flexibility, and muscle strength and endurance, as well as performance-related aspects such as power, speed, coordination, balance and agility. Understanding exercise physiology allows one to maximize health benefits, athletic performance, and rehabilitation through exercise.
3. Physical Activity in Diabetes management - Copy.pptxVEERESHKADEMANI1
The document discusses the role of physical activity and exercise in diabetes management. It covers topics like the benefits of aerobic and resistance training in improving health outcomes, components of an exercise prescription including frequency, intensity and time, assessing a patient's exercise needs, different types of exercise, strategies to prevent hypoglycemia during or after exercise, and concludes that physical activity should be recommended to all individuals with diabetes.
To Assess the Effect of Body Mass Index on Cardiac Efficiency in Adolescent B...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
What every Adult needs to know about Strength TrainingThe York School
The document discusses the benefits of strength training for weight loss and wellness compared to dieting or cardio alone. It notes that strength training helps avoid muscle and metabolic rate loss due to aging by increasing muscle mass and resting metabolism. The summary also highlights that strength training can effectively reduce body fat levels when combined with other exercise over a period of 10-12 weeks according to several cited studies.
HIGH-INTENSITY CIRCUIT TRAINING USING BODY WEIGHTFernando Farias
Traditionally, resistance training often is
performed separately from aerobic training V
typically on two or three nonconsecutive days
each week. The American College of Sports
Medicine (ACSM) recommends 8 to 12 repeti-
tions of a resistance training exercise for each
major muscle group at an intensity of 40% to 80%
of a one-repetition max (RM) depending on the
training level of the participant.
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...Donc Test
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition TEST BANK by Stamler Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Study Guide Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Course Hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Answers Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Course hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Study Guide Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Ebook Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Questions Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Stuvia
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune DiseaseHealth Advances
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
Fi mpresentation
1. Food is Medicine Lunch Time
Lecture Series
EXERCISE AS AN ADJUNCT TO NUTRITIONAL
COUNSELING
JORDAN FEIGENBAUM MS, CSCS, HFS, CISSN,USAW CC
2. Quotes for Social Media
“Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food.”-
Hippocrates
“No citizen has a right to be an amateur in the matter of
physical training…what a disgrace it is for a man to
grow old without ever seeing the beauty and strength of
which his body is capable.”-Socrates
“Over and above any considerations of performance for
sports, exercise is the stimulus that returns our bodies
for which they were designed. Humans are not
physically normal in the absence of hard physical
effort.”-Mark Rippetoe
3. Disclaimers
Bias
Personal
Data interpretation
Limitations
Time
Asymmetrical Information
Q/A on the FIM Facebook!
www.barbellmedicine.com
Evidence Based
Evidence based behavioral practice
Science + Experience
Biased population?
4. What Exercise Isn’t
Weight loss solution
2007 AHA and ACSM Joint Guidelines on exercise:
“It is reasonable to assume that persons with high daily energy
expenditures would be less likely to gain weight over time
compared to those who have low energy expenditures. So far,
data to support this hypothesis are not particularly
compelling”*
Exercise is an adjunct to a nutritional intervention
*Haskell W.L
Physical activity and public health: updated recommendation for adults from the American
College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Circulation. Aug. 2007.
5. Exercise is Ineffective for Weight Loss
2000 Finnish study: Does
physical activity prevent
weight gain- a systematic
review. *
Review of 12 studies of successful
dieters’ exercise habits and
subsequent weight maintenance
(e.g. prevention of weight
gain)
Results: In all 12 studies,
participants regained weight
Exercise either decreased rate of
regain by 3.2oz/ month vs
sedentary successful dieters
OR
Increased rate by 1.8oz
*Fogelholm,
M. Kukkonen. K.M. Dose physical activity prevent weight gain- a systematic review.” Obesity
Reviews. 2000 Oct;1(2):95-111.
6. Conventional Wisdom
Exercise = Cardiovascular Exercise
Definition of “Cardio”
LISS vs HIIT
LISS= Low intensity steady state “cardio”
HIIT= High intensity interval training
• Work and rest periods
• “The potency of high-intensity interval training to elicit rapid skeletal muscle
remodeling is no doubt related to its high level of muscle fiber recruitment, and
the potential to stress type II fibers in particular”*
HIIT Group: 30s sprints 3x/wk vs LISS Group: 90-120 min of moderate
intensity cycling
• Total volume of training: 2.5 hrs over 2 weeks for HIIT, 10.5 hrs for LISS
• Results: “The two very diverse training protocols induced remarkably similar
changes in weight loss, muscle oxidative capacity, and exercise capacity.
• Thought experiment: What if we increased the volume of HIIT?
• High-intensity Interval Training: A Time-efficient Strategy for Health Promotion?
• Martin Gibala Current Sports Medicine Reports
*Gibala,
Martin. High-Intensity Interval Training: A Time-efficient Strategy for Health Promotion?
Current Sports Medicine Reports. 200
7. Conventional Wisdom
“Cardio” is perceived as necessary for health and
longevity
How about Strength?
Study: Association between muscular strength and mortality in men:
prospective cohort study.*
Results:
“Muscular strength was significantly and inversely associated
with risk of death from all causes and cancer after controlling for
potential confounders, including cardiorespiratory
fitness...Muscular strength was significantly and inversely
associated with risk of death from cardiovascular disease after
controlling for age….”
Strength + GPA
“The results revealed that those who more frequently engaged in
strength exercise had significantly higher GPA”**
*Ruiz, Jonathan R. Association between muscular strength and mortality in men: prospective cohort study. British Medical Journal. 2008 July 12;
337 (7661): 92-95
*Keating, XD. Association of weekly strength exercise frequency and academic performance among students at a large university in the United
States. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2013 July Jul;27(7):1988-93.
8. Conventional Wisdom
Is achieving a “healthy” BMI really a useful goal?
Study: Association of All-Cause Mortality With Overweight
and Obesity Using Standard Body Mass Index Categories*
Results: “Relative to normal weight, both obesity (all grades) and
grades 2 and 3 obesity were associated with significantly higher
all-cause mortality. Grade 1 obesity overall was not associated
with higher mortality, and overweight was associated with
significantly lower all-cause mortality.”
Healthy=18.5-24.9
Overweight= 25-29.9
Grade 1= 30-34.9
Grade 2= 35-39.9
Grade 3= >40
*Flegal, Katherine M. Association of All-Cause Mortality With Overweight and Obesity Using Standard Body Mass Index
Categories. JAMA. 2013. January. http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1555137
9. Practical Uses for Exercise
Positive feedback loop to
boost compliance
More likely to initiate both at
the same time
Health promotion
Proper prescription and
application leads to better
outcomes
Improved strength, functional
capacity, HDL, glucose disposal,
etc.
10. Practical Recommendations
Resistance Training 3x/wk ~1hr /session
40 mins RT
20 mins HIIT
Progressive overload
Need a stress to elicit a response
Not all stresses are created equal
Training economy
Most muscle mass/largest effective range of motion/most force
production
• why?
Force production against external resistance= Strength
• Strength is the foundation for all physical characteristics
• Plus it might help you live longer and have a higher GPA
11. Ten General Physical Characteristics
Strength
Power
Accuracy
Balance
Cardiovascular/Respiratory Endurance
Mobility
Speed
Stamina
Agility
Coordination
12. Mechanism unique to RT and HIIT
High threshold motor unit and fiber recruitment
(e.g. Type II)
Due to increase force production requirements
Anaerobic
Increased Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC)
Less appropriate term= oxygen debt
Induces mitochondrial biogenesis
More mitochondria facilitates increased BMR and TDEE
Builds muscle
Improved glucose disposal via up-regulation of GLUT-4
receptor
Improves insulin sensitivity, blood glucose and lowers HbA1C*
*Ivy JL. Role of exercise training in the prevention and treatment of insulin resistance and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Sports Med. 1997
Nov;24(5):321-36. Review.
13. More on Diabetes
Type II Diabetes + RT
Improved insulin sensitivity by 48%*
Improved blood glucose levels, Hba1C, etc.
“There was a strong inverse correlation
between HbA1c and muscle cross-sectional
area (knee extensors) after the exercise
period (r = -0.73; p < 0.05)”**
“Aerobic endurance exercise has
traditionally been advocated in the
treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes
mellitus (NIDDM). However, the effect of
aerobic endurance exercise programs on
long-term glycaemic control is small to
moderate.”**
*Ishii, T. Resistance training improves insulin sensitivity in NIDDM subjects without altering maximal oxygen uptake.
Diabetes Care. 1998 21:1353-5
**Eriksson, J. Resistance Training in the Treatment of Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of
Sports Medicine. 1997 18:242-6
14. Conventional Wisdom vs. RT
It’s dangerous, right?
Injury per 100 participation hours?
Competitive Weightlifting = 0.006
What’s the physical activity with the highest injury rate?
Soccer= 6.2 injuries per 100 participation hours *
*Hammill, B. Relative Safety of Weightlifting and Weight Training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 1994. 8 (1): 53-57
15. Conventional Wisdom vs. RT/HIIT
But what about populations with pathologies?
COPD
Heart Failure and Heart Transplant
“The present study documents that a long-term, partly supervised and community-based HIITprogram is an applicable, effective and safe way to improve VO2peak, muscular exercise capacity and
quality of life in HTx recipients. The results indicate that HIIT should be more frequently used among
stable HTx recipients in the future.”**
AAA
“Implementation of interval training has shown to allow lower limb exercise to be sustained at a
high intensity which otherwise would not be tolerable. Interval training can be applied especially to
those patients with advanced COPD, who are unable to sustain exercise intensities sufficiently long
enough to obtain a physiological training effect because of ventilatory limitation.”*
These results support the safety and efficacy of training in patients with small AAA, a population for
which few previous data are available. Despite advanced age and comorbidities, training up to 3
years was well tolerated and sustainable in AAA patients. Training did not influence rate of AAA
enlargement.
Metabolic Syndrome
“VO2max increased more after AIT than CME (35% versus 16%; P<0.01) and was associated with
removal of more risk factors that constitute the metabolic syndrome (number of factors: AIT, 5.9
before versus 4.0 after; P<0.01; CME, 5.7 before versus 5.0 after; group difference, P<0.05). AIT
was superior to CME in enhancing endothelial function (9% versus 5%; P<0.001), insulin signaling
in fat and skeletal muscle, skeletal muscle biogenesis, and excitation-contraction coupling and in
reducing blood glucose and lipogenesis in adipose tissue.”****
AIT= Anaerobic interval training, CME= Continuous moderate exercise
*Kortianou EA. Effectiveness of Interval Exercise Training in Patients with COPD. Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal. 2010 Sep;21 (3): 12-9
***Myers, Jonathan. A Randomized Trial of Exercise Training in Abdominal Aortic Aneuyrsm Disease. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2013.
**Moraes K.L. Fernandes M. Carvalho, V.O. Interval Exercise Training in Adult Heart Transplant Recipients. American Journal of Transplantation. 2013 Jan 13 (2), 526
**** Tjonna, Arnt E. Aerobic Interval Training Versus Continuous Moderate Exercise as a Treatment for the Metabolic Syndrome. Circulation2008.
16. Practical Recommendations
Use exercise as adjunct to nutritional intervention
Boosts compliance and can improve results/outcomes
Particularly if applied intelligently
Helps support the patient’s willingness to change
Don’t criticize the diet
We don’t know that much, really.
Restrictive diets (e.g. Twinkie or Potato diet)
Low Carbohydrate and Ketogenic diets
Ketogenic diets in ASD*
Low carb diet**
Vegetarian/Vegan/Paleo/DASH/Ornish/Intermittent Fasting, etc.
If it produces calorie restriction and compliance, it doesn’t matter.
The Mediterranean Diet is okay too
**Gardner CD, et al. Comparison of the Atkins, Zone, Ornish, and LEARN diets for change in weight and related risk factors among
overweight premenopausal women: the A TO Z Weight Loss Study. The Journal of The American Medical Association, 2007
*Kossoff EH, Zupec-Kania BA, Rho JM. Ketogenic diets: an update for child neurologists. J Child Neurol. 2009 Aug;24(8):979–88.
17. Practical Recommendations
Nutritional interventions
should be simple and
progressive
Easier to build upon habits
e.g. Single ingredient foods first
(address food quality)
May spontaneously result in
calorie restriction
Resulting intake may higher
satiety index rating*
Likely reduces food reward**
• More positive feedback
*Holt SH, Miller JC, Petocz P, Farmakalidis E. A Satiety index of common foods. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1995
Sep; 49 (9); 675-90
**Hans-Rudolf Berthoud, Natalie R. Lenard, Andrew C Shin. Food Reward, hyperphagia, and obesity. American Journal of
Physiology. June 2011. Vol. 300.
18. Wrap Up/TL;DR
Exercise won’t work in a bubble
Resistance Training and HIIT would be the
modalities of choice
3x/wk 40 mins RT + 20 mins HIIT is a good place to start
Don’t be afraid of the weights
Use as adjunct to dietary intervention
Dietary counseling should be simple and supportive
Many approaches “work” even if suboptimal
Requiring eating “clean” is borderline Orthorexia*
Encourage high food quality within the framework of an
approach that increases compliance
*Bratman, Steven. What is Orthorexia? www.orthorexia.com. June 4, 2010
Editor's Notes
Personal Bias
Current recs= 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise per week- up to 90 minutes a day most days for weight loss.
*Reduces seizure frequency by > 50% in ½ patients and by > 90% in 1/3 of pts**311 overweight/obese premenopausal women were randomized to 4 diets: A low-carb Atkins diet, a low-fat vegetarian Ornish diet, the Zone diet and the LEARN diet. Zone and LEARN were calorie restricted.“The Atkins group lost the most weight, although the difference was not statistically significant (though it was at least double). The Atkins group had the greatest improvements in blood pressure, triglycerides and HDL. LEARN and Ornish (low-fat) had decreases in LDL at 2 months, but then the effects diminished.”
Satiety> ate 240kCal of 38 foods- based on how much they would eat within 120 minutes after eating standard bolus. Protein, fiber, water= more satiating. Fat was negatively associated with satiety.