Exemplar 6.A the concept of F/E: 1. Define the following terms: Intracellular fluid Extracellular fluid Intravascular fluid Interstitial fluid Cation Anion Osmosis Solutes Solvent Osmolality Osmolarity Tonicity Osmotic pressure Colloid osmotic pressure (oncotic pressure) Diffusion Filtration Hydrostatic pressure Active transport 2. What is the average daily fluid intake for an adult? What are the sources of intake? 3. Explain the factors that stimulate water intake through the thirst mechanism. 4. What are the four routes of fluid output? What is the average daily fluid output for an adult? 5. Describe how volume and composition of body fluids is regulated. Discuss body systems involved and hormonal influences. 6. Electrolyte (Include normal value), What does it do/what system does it effect? How is it regulated? a. Potassium b. Sodium c. Magnesium d. Calcium 7. What are three ways a nurse can evaluate fluid and electrolyte status without a providers order? 8. What are the key components of a focused assessment to determine fluid and electrolyte balance? 9. Explain labs and diagnostics that specifically measure fluid and electrolyte balance. 10. Describe lifespan considerations r/t f/e balance: a. Very young b. Very old c. pregnant Exemplar 6.B F/E Imbalances: 11. What is the difference between fluid volume deficit (FVD) and dehydration? 12. Describe the pathophysiology and etiology of FVD and how is it classified. 13. Describe the specific types of dehydration: a. Isotonic dehydration b. Hypotonic dehydration c. Hypertonic dehydration 14. What is third spacing? 15. What are the multisystem effects of fluid volume deficit? 16. Discuss lifespan considerations for children and older adults with fluid volume deficit. 17. List priority nursing diagnoses, expected patient outcomes, and related nursing interventions for an individual with a fluid volume deficit. 18. List 3 teaching points when caring for an individual with fluid volume deficit. 19. Describe the pathophysiology and etiology of fluid volume excess (FVE). 20. Can fluid volume excess, hypervolemia, and edema be used interchangeably? Why or why not? 21. What is edema? 22. Describe how the following clinical conditions cause edema: a. Increased blood hydrostatic pressure b. Decreased blood colloid osmotic pressure c. Increased interstitial fluid osmotic pressure d. Blocked lymphatic drainage 23. What are the multisystem effects of fluid volume excess? 24. Compare the assessment findings with fluid imbalance: a. Blood pressure (Fluid deficit and Fluid excess) b. Heart rate (Fluid deficit and Fluid excess) c. Pulse amplitude (Fluid deficit and Fluid excess) d. Respirations (Fluid deficit and Fluid excess) e. Jugular vein (Fluid deficit and Fluid excess) f. Edema (Fluid deficit and Fluid excess) g. Skin turgor (Fluid deficit and Fluid excess) h. Output (Fluid deficit and Fluid excess) i. Urine specific gravity (Fluid deficit and Fluid excess) j. Weight (Fluid deficit and Fluid excess) 25. D.