Evolution questions: (please answer this in short)
Q1. In what sense might thermodynamics actually promote the development of local order [hints,
Ripples in a streamed; Dissipation driven organization]
Background information for Q2. The platypus is an unusual mammal. it lays eggs like
amphibians, reptiles, and birds, and it has hair and makes like other mammals. it also has some
very distinctive features such as the ability to detect electric fields with its snout. the genome of
the platypus was recently sequenced- an accomplishment that was described in the media with
headlines like the other one below [ I can\'t attach the figure so here is the info for the tree:
amphibian is out-group, on the first branch in ingroup, lizard, dinosaur and bird are
monophyletic, where bird and dinosaur shared the most recent common ancestor. on the second
branch, monophyletic, where platypus and other mammals shared common ancestor]. I don\'t
think you even need the tree.
Quuestion 2: from a tree thinking perspective, critique the idea that platypus are part bird, part
mammal and part reptile. in particular, how would you describe the similarities that platypus
uniquely share with other mammals (e.g. hair)? how does this differ from the similarities they
share with birds (e.g. laying eggs? explain.
Solution
Question 1:
Answer:
Laws of thermodynamics
1st law: Also known as law of Conservation of Energy, states that energy cannot be created or
destroyed in an isolated system.
2nd law: It states that the state of entropy of the entire universe, as a closed isolated system, will
always increase over time. It also states that the changes in the entropy in the universe can never
be negative.
Thermodynamics actually promote the development of local order.
For example: If a creature could take, say, a kilogram of non-living, highly disordered material
and turn it into a kilogram of highly ordered creature, then that would certainly be a big violation
of the second law of thermodynamics. However, people (for example) consume along the lines
of about 30 to 50 tons of food during the course of a lifetime. Some of that goes into building a
fine and foxy body, but most of it goes into powering that body and fighting degradation (blood
and skin and really everything wears out and needs to be replaced). So, about 0.15% (give or
take) of that food matter is used to build a body, and 99.85% is used for power and to fight the
entropy drop involved in body construction and temporarily holding back the horrifying ravages
of time.
Question 2:
Answer:
similarities that platypus uniquely share with other mammals
a) making milk to having live-born young
b) At roughly 2.2 billion base pairs, the platypus genome is about two-thirds the size of the
human genome, the researchers found. It shares more than 80 percent of its genes with other
mammals.
c) Like humans, platypuses carry an X and a Y chromosome. But unlike humans, the X and Y
are not sex chromosomes.
d) The genome also includ.
Evolution questions (please answer this in short)Q1. In what sens.pdf
1. Evolution questions: (please answer this in short)
Q1. In what sense might thermodynamics actually promote the development of local order [hints,
Ripples in a streamed; Dissipation driven organization]
Background information for Q2. The platypus is an unusual mammal. it lays eggs like
amphibians, reptiles, and birds, and it has hair and makes like other mammals. it also has some
very distinctive features such as the ability to detect electric fields with its snout. the genome of
the platypus was recently sequenced- an accomplishment that was described in the media with
headlines like the other one below [ I can't attach the figure so here is the info for the tree:
amphibian is out-group, on the first branch in ingroup, lizard, dinosaur and bird are
monophyletic, where bird and dinosaur shared the most recent common ancestor. on the second
branch, monophyletic, where platypus and other mammals shared common ancestor]. I don't
think you even need the tree.
Quuestion 2: from a tree thinking perspective, critique the idea that platypus are part bird, part
mammal and part reptile. in particular, how would you describe the similarities that platypus
uniquely share with other mammals (e.g. hair)? how does this differ from the similarities they
share with birds (e.g. laying eggs? explain.
Solution
Question 1:
Answer:
Laws of thermodynamics
1st law: Also known as law of Conservation of Energy, states that energy cannot be created or
destroyed in an isolated system.
2nd law: It states that the state of entropy of the entire universe, as a closed isolated system, will
always increase over time. It also states that the changes in the entropy in the universe can never
be negative.
Thermodynamics actually promote the development of local order.
For example: If a creature could take, say, a kilogram of non-living, highly disordered material
and turn it into a kilogram of highly ordered creature, then that would certainly be a big violation
of the second law of thermodynamics. However, people (for example) consume along the lines
of about 30 to 50 tons of food during the course of a lifetime. Some of that goes into building a
fine and foxy body, but most of it goes into powering that body and fighting degradation (blood
and skin and really everything wears out and needs to be replaced). So, about 0.15% (give or
take) of that food matter is used to build a body, and 99.85% is used for power and to fight the
2. entropy drop involved in body construction and temporarily holding back the horrifying ravages
of time.
Question 2:
Answer:
similarities that platypus uniquely share with other mammals
a) making milk to having live-born young
b) At roughly 2.2 billion base pairs, the platypus genome is about two-thirds the size of the
human genome, the researchers found. It shares more than 80 percent of its genes with other
mammals.
c) Like humans, platypuses carry an X and a Y chromosome. But unlike humans, the X and Y
are not sex chromosomes.
d) The genome also included sections of DNA linked to egg-laying and others for lactation.
Since the platypus lacks nipples, the pups suckle milk from the mother's abdominal skin.
similarities they share with birds
a) platypus sports a duck-like bill that holds a sophisticated electrosensory system used to forage
for food underwater.
b) lays eggs
Partly shows character like reptiles
a) unlike other mammals, the male platypus can deliver venom from a tiny spur on each hind
limb
![Evolution questions: (please answer this in short)
Q1. In what sense might thermodynamics actually promote the development of local order [hints,
Ripples in a streamed; Dissipation driven organization]
Background information for Q2. The platypus is an unusual mammal. it lays eggs like
amphibians, reptiles, and birds, and it has hair and makes like other mammals. it also has some
very distinctive features such as the ability to detect electric fields with its snout. the genome of
the platypus was recently sequenced- an accomplishment that was described in the media with
headlines like the other one below [ I can't attach the figure so here is the info for the tree:
amphibian is out-group, on the first branch in ingroup, lizard, dinosaur and bird are
monophyletic, where bird and dinosaur shared the most recent common ancestor. on the second
branch, monophyletic, where platypus and other mammals shared common ancestor]. I don't
think you even need the tree.
Quuestion 2: from a tree thinking perspective, critique the idea that platypus are part bird, part
mammal and part reptile. in particular, how would you describe the similarities that platypus
uniquely share with other mammals (e.g. hair)? how does this differ from the similarities they
share with birds (e.g. laying eggs? explain.
Solution
Question 1:
Answer:
Laws of thermodynamics
1st law: Also known as law of Conservation of Energy, states that energy cannot be created or
destroyed in an isolated system.
2nd law: It states that the state of entropy of the entire universe, as a closed isolated system, will
always increase over time. It also states that the changes in the entropy in the universe can never
be negative.
Thermodynamics actually promote the development of local order.
For example: If a creature could take, say, a kilogram of non-living, highly disordered material
and turn it into a kilogram of highly ordered creature, then that would certainly be a big violation
of the second law of thermodynamics. However, people (for example) consume along the lines
of about 30 to 50 tons of food during the course of a lifetime. Some of that goes into building a
fine and foxy body, but most of it goes into powering that body and fighting degradation (blood
and skin and really everything wears out and needs to be replaced). So, about 0.15% (give or
take) of that food matter is used to build a body, and 99.85% is used for power and to fight the](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/evolutionquestionspleaseanswerthisinshortq1-230707194617-b2c744d2/85/Evolution-questions-please-answer-this-in-short-Q1-In-what-sens-pdf-1-320.jpg)
