This document discusses the evolution of language and its physiology. It explores nonhuman precursors of language like communication methods in chimpanzees, bonobos, and other nonprimates. The document then examines how humans evolved language, including the development of the physiology needed for speech like the larynx lowering and vocal tract lengthening. It explores theories that the evolution of language was driven by increasing social complexity and the need for more complex communication to exchange information.