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Everyday life

in occupied Poland
General information
              
 The World War II was the biggest millitary conflict in
  history of the world. It lasted from 1st September
  1939 to 2nd September 1945.
 During the war Poland was occupied by Germany
  and Russia.
 Large areas of western Poland were annexed
  by Germany. The remaining block of territory was
  placed under a German administration called
  the General Government with its capital at Kraków.
Treating of Polish
Mass murders, displacements,pacifications, concentration camps showed
   the character of German policy to Polish. What is more, Germans
            distroyed Polish schools, culture and economy.
                                    
People could move on the country only with permissions.
There was police hour.
Polish could not have cars, motors (sometimes they could have bikes),
phones, radios, gramophones...
Polish had to bow to Germany, give up the seats to them.
Roundup
                            among
The civilians were arrested from
passers-by or inhabitants of selected city
   quarters that had been surrounded
             by German forces.
  Those caught in roundups were most
      often sent to slave labor camps
in Germany, but also taken as hostages
in reprisal actions, imprisoned and sent
  to concentration camps, or summarily
 executed in numerous ethnic cleansing
                operations.
Gestapo
                     
Polish were afraid of Gestapo very much – the secret police
 which chaacterised of cruelity, they used blackmail, body
                   punishment, tortures.



                                      Gestapo seat on Szuch in
                                              Warsaw
Ghettos and helping
            of Jewish
                               
A ghetto is a part of a city in which members of a minority group
    (especially Jewish) live, because of social, legal, or economic
      pressure. Jewish were taken from neighboring towns and
  countries. From ghetto they were taken to concentration camps
                        and there were killed.
 The conditions in ghetto were awful: diseases, dirt, lack of food
                           and cruel terror.
     Jewish died of starvation and exhaustion. All of them had
 to wear special bands with David's Star. For helping Jewish was
   capital punishment but even though some Polish tried to help
   them: they provided food, helped to escape or hidded them.
Jewish, Ghettos – photos
           
German camps
                  
There were a lot of German camps in Poland during World War II
    both in the areas annexed by Germany and in the territory
 of General Government. A system of camps of various kinds was
   established across the entire country, including extermination
       camps, concentration camps, labour, and POW camps.

The Nazi German death
  factories in Poland:
   Auschwitz-Birkenau
   Bełżec
   Chełmno
   Majdanek
   Sobibór
   Treblinka
German death camps
                           camps was the elimination
 The primary function of death
 of Jews from all the countries occupied by Germany. Many
non-Jewish Poles and other prisoners were also killed in these
 camps. The estimated total number of people killed in these
                 camps is over three million
Food
         had to give Germans
  Polish farmers
   Polish farmers had to give Germans
everything: cereal, potatoes, meat, milk.
   That's why both in the cities and the
countries was not any food. Everything
  was on cards which were not enough
for people to live. People were hungry,
       they could have only: bread,
  marmolade, potatoes, black coffe and
sacharina, instead of sugar. During that
 time the black market appeared but all
       goods were very expensive.
Communication
          
Between 8 a.m. and 8 p.m. There were trams in big
   cities. All carriages were divided into two part
   by chain with the slogan: ''Nur fur Deutsche'‘.
 From the beginning only Germans could travel, the
               second part was for Polish.
Diseases and hygiene
            



    People died because of typhus, also there were
 pediculosis and scabies. It was very difficult to stay
clean because only small piece of soap could be taken
 from the cards. Children died because of diptheria.
      There were not injections and detergents.
Schools and work

                         was very high, people
    In Poland unemploement
  became poorer and poorer. The salaries were so low
  that Polish had to sell all their possessions.
 Like in other countries, the unfree labour was
  established for people from 18 to 60, then that level
  was lower - from 14.
 All high schools and universities were closed down.
  Only primary schools could stay but with limited
  programme.
 Polish teachers and proffessors organised secret
  learning. They met with students in private flats
  to teach them.
Culture
   During the war many
                       
important for Poland works
of art and monuments were
    destroyed or robbed.

Cinemas, theatres, museums
 or sports objects were only
  for Germans. Polish could
only used some cinemas but
they boycotted them because
 of German films. There was
 popular slogan: „Only pigs
      sit in the cinema.”
Entertaintment
                         in private houses.
Polish organised entertaintment
They prepared patriotic shows and poetic evenings.

  Teenagers organised parties with patephones
  which lasted to 6 a.m. because of police hour.
Conspiracy activity
                       into conspiracy activity.
Many Polish were involved
  They mainly fought with German propaganda,
 they published local newspapers, they organised
     millitary actions and prepared for fight.


.
      Authors:
    Angelika Łącz
    Klaudia Lulek
    Daria Babiarz

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Everyday life in occupied poland

  • 2. General information   The World War II was the biggest millitary conflict in history of the world. It lasted from 1st September 1939 to 2nd September 1945.  During the war Poland was occupied by Germany and Russia.  Large areas of western Poland were annexed by Germany. The remaining block of territory was placed under a German administration called the General Government with its capital at Kraków.
  • 3. Treating of Polish Mass murders, displacements,pacifications, concentration camps showed the character of German policy to Polish. What is more, Germans distroyed Polish schools, culture and economy.  People could move on the country only with permissions. There was police hour. Polish could not have cars, motors (sometimes they could have bikes), phones, radios, gramophones... Polish had to bow to Germany, give up the seats to them.
  • 4. Roundup  among The civilians were arrested from passers-by or inhabitants of selected city quarters that had been surrounded by German forces. Those caught in roundups were most often sent to slave labor camps in Germany, but also taken as hostages in reprisal actions, imprisoned and sent to concentration camps, or summarily executed in numerous ethnic cleansing operations.
  • 5. Gestapo  Polish were afraid of Gestapo very much – the secret police which chaacterised of cruelity, they used blackmail, body punishment, tortures. Gestapo seat on Szuch in Warsaw
  • 6. Ghettos and helping of Jewish  A ghetto is a part of a city in which members of a minority group (especially Jewish) live, because of social, legal, or economic pressure. Jewish were taken from neighboring towns and countries. From ghetto they were taken to concentration camps and there were killed. The conditions in ghetto were awful: diseases, dirt, lack of food and cruel terror. Jewish died of starvation and exhaustion. All of them had to wear special bands with David's Star. For helping Jewish was capital punishment but even though some Polish tried to help them: they provided food, helped to escape or hidded them.
  • 7. Jewish, Ghettos – photos 
  • 8. German camps  There were a lot of German camps in Poland during World War II both in the areas annexed by Germany and in the territory of General Government. A system of camps of various kinds was established across the entire country, including extermination camps, concentration camps, labour, and POW camps. The Nazi German death factories in Poland:  Auschwitz-Birkenau  Bełżec  Chełmno  Majdanek  Sobibór  Treblinka
  • 9. German death camps  camps was the elimination The primary function of death of Jews from all the countries occupied by Germany. Many non-Jewish Poles and other prisoners were also killed in these camps. The estimated total number of people killed in these camps is over three million
  • 10. Food  had to give Germans Polish farmers Polish farmers had to give Germans everything: cereal, potatoes, meat, milk. That's why both in the cities and the countries was not any food. Everything was on cards which were not enough for people to live. People were hungry, they could have only: bread, marmolade, potatoes, black coffe and sacharina, instead of sugar. During that time the black market appeared but all goods were very expensive.
  • 11. Communication  Between 8 a.m. and 8 p.m. There were trams in big cities. All carriages were divided into two part by chain with the slogan: ''Nur fur Deutsche'‘. From the beginning only Germans could travel, the second part was for Polish.
  • 12. Diseases and hygiene  People died because of typhus, also there were pediculosis and scabies. It was very difficult to stay clean because only small piece of soap could be taken from the cards. Children died because of diptheria. There were not injections and detergents.
  • 13. Schools and work  was very high, people In Poland unemploement became poorer and poorer. The salaries were so low that Polish had to sell all their possessions.  Like in other countries, the unfree labour was established for people from 18 to 60, then that level was lower - from 14.  All high schools and universities were closed down. Only primary schools could stay but with limited programme.  Polish teachers and proffessors organised secret learning. They met with students in private flats to teach them.
  • 14. Culture During the war many  important for Poland works of art and monuments were destroyed or robbed. Cinemas, theatres, museums or sports objects were only for Germans. Polish could only used some cinemas but they boycotted them because of German films. There was popular slogan: „Only pigs sit in the cinema.”
  • 15. Entertaintment  in private houses. Polish organised entertaintment They prepared patriotic shows and poetic evenings. Teenagers organised parties with patephones which lasted to 6 a.m. because of police hour.
  • 16. Conspiracy activity  into conspiracy activity. Many Polish were involved They mainly fought with German propaganda, they published local newspapers, they organised millitary actions and prepared for fight.
  • 17.  . Authors: Angelika Łącz Klaudia Lulek Daria Babiarz