1. Professional Home for Life ®
20th IET Annual Technical Conference
Dr. Asoka Korale C.Eng. MIET
A Scheme for Event Triggered
Cellular Yield Enhancement in
Third Generation Mobile Networks

2. Professional Home for Life ®
20th IET Annual Technical Conference
 Intense competition between mobile operators
 Tariff wars between competing operators
 Drives down call rates, approaching levels on the subcontinent
 Regulator steps in and establishes floor rates
 Idle network resources, like hotel rooms wasted if not consumed
 Uneven utilization of radio and core network
 Dependent on time of day, geographic location
 Maximize return on investment on very high capital intensive
investments
 Technology cycle is rapid
 Ever more advanced handsets and sophisticated services demand
that the radio and core network technology is evolving with current
trends
The Case for Cellular Yield
Maximization

3. Professional Home for Life ®
20th IET Annual Technical Conference
 The degree to which the network is overbuilt to handle busy
hour traffic
 Trade off between Coverage and Capacity
 Different tariffs aimed at evening out the utilization levels
 Time based tariffs (lower rates the evening)
 Aimed at shifting the busy hour to another time
 Dynamic Discount Systems
 Offer discounted services depending on time
Considerations in Maximizing
Cellular Utilization

4. Professional Home for Life ®
20th IET Annual Technical Conference
 Admission Control
 Determines which users/services are admitted depending on resource availability
 Transport Channel Switching
 Data rate modified depending on traffic volume and quality measurements
 Radio Access Bearer Downsizing
 Lower rate than requested may be offered for interactive / background services
 Preemption
 Based on QOS profile, allocation / retention priority may preempt low priority links
 Power Reservation
 Reserving a portion of cell power for HSDPA users
 Maximum Power Per Code
 Limits maximum power transmitted to a user for a more equitable distribution of power overall
UMTS Techniques for Efficient
Radio Resource Management

5. Professional Home for Life ®
20th IET Annual Technical Conference
 Measurement Capture
 Convert measurements to cellular load on uplink / Down link
 Cell selection
 Algorithm for determining suitable cells for CYM
 Measurement Processing
 Determining offer based on Load, Time and Location
 Communicating offer
 Via cell broadcast center
 Record transaction for charging and billing
 Store time and cell information together with offer
Components of an Event Based
CYM System

6. Professional Home for Life ®
20th IET Annual Technical Conference
 Noise Rise
 RTWP/Noise Floor
 (received total wide band power /108 dBm)
 Average Channel Element Utilisation
Cellular Load on Uplink

7. Professional Home for Life ®
20th IET Annual Technical Conference
 Level of code tree usage
 Average channel element utilization
 Iub resource availability
Cellular Load on Down Link
PNonHS
PHSDPA
PMAX
Figure 1: Shared Single Carrier
PTX
MAX
TX
P
P

TXMAXNonHS
NonHS
PPP
P


MAX
NonHSTX
P
PP 


8. Professional Home for Life ®
20th IET Annual Technical Conference
Framework for Cell Selection
Periodic Cell Measurements
Is UL Noise Rise (or RTWP) <
Noise Rise Activation threshold
Is UL CE Utilization < UL CE
Utilization Activation threshold
Is Code Utilization < Code
Utilization Activation threshold
Is DL Power KPI < DL Power
Activation threshold
Is DL CE Utilization < DL CE
Utilization Activation threshold
Is Iub Utilization < Iub Utilization
Activation threshold
Candidate Cell for CYM
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y

9. Professional Home for Life ®
20th IET Annual Technical Conference
 The operator/information provider will determine the duration and frequency of the
cyclical broadcast of the CBS messages
 A CBS page consists of 82 octets that correspond to 93 characters when using the default
character set. Up to 15 such pages can be concatenated to form a single CBS message. Each
page will have a message identifier and a serial number. For a single message the message
identifier and serial number will be the same across the pages allowing the user equipment
(UE) to ignore re-broadcasts of already received messages.
Communicating the Offer via
Cell Broadcast
Uu
Cell
Broadcast
Center
(CBC)
UTRAN
RNC
Node B
Node BUE
UE
1
Iub
IuBC

10. Professional Home for Life ®
20th IET Annual Technical Conference
 An event based CYM system can be developed inhouse
 The event based CYM allows a vast array of strategies for the
enhancement of utilization levels in cells of interest
 Opens up new avenues for revenue generation.
 The cells can be selected based on their utilization levels or
on their specific geographic location or based on both
considerations.
 The time factor may also be taken in to account where cells
in certain zones may or may not be impacted by the event
based CYM depending on the specific time of day
Conclusion

11. Professional Home for Life ®
20th IET Annual Technical Conference
Thank you