The description about siso and mimo system is given followed by An elaborate description about energy efficiency techniques are given.

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2. CONTENTS
1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. SISO
4. MIMO
5. Massive MIMO
6. Energy efficiency aspects in massive MIMO
7. Spectral efficiency
8. Throughput
9. Power consumption
10. Challenges in massive MIMO
11. Conclusion
12. References 2

3. ABSTRACT
 Future wireless technology has 3 basic requirements
1. High throughput
2. Low energy consumption
3. Serve many users
 A technique that further boost the EE gains offered by
massive MIMO is discussed.
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4. INTRODUCTION
Demand for wireless throughput will always grow, but the
quantity of available electromagnetic spectrum will never
increase.
Used to multiply the capacity of a wireless
communication without requiring more spectrum.
It is the advanced version of SISO technology.
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5. SINGLE INPUT SINGLE
OUTPUT(SISO)
 Operates with one antenna at the receiver and transmitter
side.
 Simplicity
 Fading and interference is high.
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6. MULTPLE INPUT MULTIPLE
OUTPUT(MIMO)
 MIMO uses multiple antennas at the transmitter and
receiver side.
 Forms of smart antenna technology.
 The latest LTE standard for instance, can support up to 8-
layer transmission.
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7.  MIMO is classified into two: SU MIMO and MU MIMO
(massive MIMO)
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8. MASSIVE MIMO
is an extension of
MIMO
•Large no. Of
antennas are
present in the
base station
•Serves many
users
•Throughput and
efficiency are
improved.
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9. OVERVIEW
9
Massive MIMO
Characteristics
Many fully digital
steerable antennas
Massive in numbers
– not massive in
size
Massive MIMO
Large no. of
antennas in base
station nearly twice
the no. of users
M>>K

10.  A massive MIMO system can be considered as an
enhanced version of conventional MIMO.
 Due to enormous no. of antennas the system performance,
in terms of energy efficiency and throughput increases
significantly.
 Massive MIMO system is able to provide many benefits,
such as increase in spectral efficiency.
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11. ENERGY EFFICIENCY ASPECTS IN
MASSIVE MIMO
11
LARGE ENERGY EFFICIENCY CAN BE ACHIEVED BY-
Increasing no.
of antennas in
the base station
Increasing the
no. of user
equipments

12. SPECTRAL EFFICIENCY
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13. THROUGHPUT
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14. POWER CONSUMPTION
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15. MODELLING POWER
CONSUMPTION
15
PPA= total UL and DL power consumed
by the power amplifiers
PC= total UL and DL circuit power
expenditure
Ps= remaining system dependent
component in P
P=PPA+PC+P
s

16. CHALLENGES IN MASSIVE MIMO
 We need a pilot signal for channel state information, but
there are 2 problems,
 First, optimal downlink pilot should be mutually
orthogonal between the antennas.
 Second, the number of channel responses that each
terminal must estimate is also proportional to the number
of base station antennas.
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When the no. of
antennas at the BS
is increased
Circuit power
PC increases
The solution to this is when the
no. of antennas at the BS is
increased, the system throughput
can be improved due to higher
multiplexing gains.
System throughput can be
increased sufficiently such that it
dominates increase in PC.
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18. RESULT
MIMO MASSIVE MIMO
 Up to 8 antennas used at
the base station.
 Improved throughput, but
less than massive MIMO.
 Supports improvement in
SE.
 Hundreds of antenna can
be used at the base
antenna.
 Large scale improvement
in throughput.
 SE improvement is 10
times than conventional
MIMO.
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19. CONCLUSION
 Massive MIMO is a promising technology for sustainable
evolution toward 5G .
 It offers multiple order of spectral efficiency and energy
efficiency gains over current LTE techniques.
 It can be built with inexpensive
 And low-power components.
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20. REFERENCE
[1]. T. Marzetta, “Nocooperative Cellular Wireless with
Unlimited Numbers of Base Station Antennas,” IEEE
Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 9, no. 11, Nov. 2010,
pp. 3590– 3600.
[2]. E. Larsson, O. Edfors, F. Tufvesson, and T. Marzetta,
“Massive MIMO for next generation wireless systems,”
IEEE Commun. Mag.,vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 186–195, Feb.
2014.
[3]. Andreas F. Molisch Fellow, Vishnu V. Ratnam
Shengqian Han, “Hybrid Beam forming for Massive
MIMO –A Survey,” April 2017
[4]. Pratik A. Somaiya1, Jyoti R. Gangane “A Review On
Massive Mimo For Next Generation Wireless
Communication Systems,” IJCESR ,Volume-3,Issue-7,
2016
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