Europeans Explore The East
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Europeans were motivated to explore eastward routes as they had developed a taste for eastern goods like spices and silk but were reliant on Italian merchants who transported these goods at high prices. Portugal began exploring down the coast of Africa to find a sea route to avoid Italian middlemen. The Treaty of Tordesillas divided exploration and colonization rights between Spain and Portugal. The Dutch also entered exploration to trade directly for eastern goods and not rely on Italian merchants.
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19.1 europeans explore the east (1st period)
The document summarizes how trade influenced European exploration beginning in the 15th century. It describes how Portugal, led by Prince Henry, began exploring down the coast of Africa, hoping to find a route to Asia and its valuable spices. Bartolomeu Dias and Vasco da Gama later rounded the Cape of Good Hope and reached India, opening lucrative trade routes. Other European powers like Spain, the Netherlands, and England soon established their own trading companies and empires in Asia, competing for control over the spice trade and colonizing many parts of Africa, India, and Southeast Asia.
3.1 europeans explore the east
Europeans had limited exploration before 1400s but interest grew due to a desire to spread Christianity, gain wealth from trade, and new sailing technologies. Motivations included God, glory, and gold where Europeans wanted to convert non-Christians, gain prestige from discoveries, and access valuable trade goods like spices that previously passed through Italian and Muslim merchants. Technological advances like the caravel ship design, astrolabe, and magnetic compass enabled long voyages and navigation needed to pursue these goals of exploration.
19.1 - Europeans Explore The East
The Europeans begin the Age of Exploration due to commercial and religious motivations as well as the introduction of technological innovations.
19.1 europeans explore the east
European powers like Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, and England explored trade routes to Asia in the 1400s and 1500s motivated by desires for wealth, resources, and spreading Christianity ("God, glory, and gold"). Portugal led the way by establishing trading posts along the west African coast and sending explorers like Bartolomeu Dias and Vasco da Gama, who found routes around Africa and to India. Spain also sought routes to Asia but Columbus landed in the Americas instead, opening that region to colonization. Conflicts between Portugal and Spain over claims in newly discovered lands led the Pope to establish boundaries with the Treaty of Tordesillas. Over time, the Portuguese trading empire gave way to competition from other European powers
An Age of Exploration and Isolation, 1400—1800
The document summarizes European exploration between the 15th and 18th centuries. It discusses how Europeans sought new trade routes to Asia to bypass Italian and Muslim merchants and gain access to lucrative goods like spices. Explorers were motivated by profit but also hopes of spreading Christianity. Technological advances like improved ships and the compass enabled long voyages. Major figures discussed include Prince Henry of Portugal, whose patronage helped launch the Age of Discovery; Vasco da Gama, who reached India via an ocean route in 1498; and the Dutch East India Company, which challenged Portuguese dominance in Asia. China's Ming Dynasty isolated the country but also engaged in naval expeditions under Yongle, while the Qing Dynasty that followed consolidated China's
Exploration
1) Beginning in the early 1400s, European powers like Portugal began exploring beyond their borders, driven by desires for wealth, spreading Christianity, and new technologies like the caravel ship.
2) Portugal took the lead in overseas exploration under the support of Prince Henry the Navigator, establishing trading posts along the coast of Africa.
3) By the late 1400s, other European powers like Spain grew envious of Portugal's success and sought their own routes to Asia, leading to Spanish financing of Christopher Columbus' voyage in 1492 that opened the way for European colonization of the Americas.
Exploration
1) Beginning in the early 1400s, European powers like Portugal began exploring beyond their borders, driven by desires for wealth, spreading Christianity, and new technologies like the caravel ship.
2) Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal played a key role in sponsoring Portuguese exploration down the west coast of Africa. Portuguese sailors like da Gama and Cabral reached India and Brazil.
3) Spain joined the exploration, with Columbus reaching the Caribbean in 1492 while seeking a western route to Asia, opening the way for European colonization of the Americas.
4) Portugal and Spain divided newly explored territories through the Treaty of Tordesillas, with Portugal building a trading empire in Asia and the East Indies during
European contact with africa
The Portuguese were the first Europeans to extensively explore and establish trade relationships along the west coast of Africa between the 15th and 16th centuries. They sought to circumvent Arab control of trade routes and gain access to gold and other resources. Key events included establishing coastal forts and trading posts, Diaz rounding the Cape of Good Hope in 1488, and da Gama's voyage connecting Europe and India around the Cape in 1497-1499. The Dutch later supplanted Portuguese control over sea trade and began regularly rounding the Cape of Good Hope in the 16th century to establish resupply stations for trade with Asia.
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19.1 europeans explore the east (1st period)
The document summarizes how trade influenced European exploration beginning in the 15th century. It describes how Portugal, led by Prince Henry, began exploring down the coast of Africa, hoping to find a route to Asia and its valuable spices. Bartolomeu Dias and Vasco da Gama later rounded the Cape of Good Hope and reached India, opening lucrative trade routes. Other European powers like Spain, the Netherlands, and England soon established their own trading companies and empires in Asia, competing for control over the spice trade and colonizing many parts of Africa, India, and Southeast Asia.
3.1 europeans explore the east
Europeans had limited exploration before 1400s but interest grew due to a desire to spread Christianity, gain wealth from trade, and new sailing technologies. Motivations included God, glory, and gold where Europeans wanted to convert non-Christians, gain prestige from discoveries, and access valuable trade goods like spices that previously passed through Italian and Muslim merchants. Technological advances like the caravel ship design, astrolabe, and magnetic compass enabled long voyages and navigation needed to pursue these goals of exploration.
19.1 - Europeans Explore The East
The Europeans begin the Age of Exploration due to commercial and religious motivations as well as the introduction of technological innovations.
19.1 europeans explore the east
European powers like Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, and England explored trade routes to Asia in the 1400s and 1500s motivated by desires for wealth, resources, and spreading Christianity ("God, glory, and gold"). Portugal led the way by establishing trading posts along the west African coast and sending explorers like Bartolomeu Dias and Vasco da Gama, who found routes around Africa and to India. Spain also sought routes to Asia but Columbus landed in the Americas instead, opening that region to colonization. Conflicts between Portugal and Spain over claims in newly discovered lands led the Pope to establish boundaries with the Treaty of Tordesillas. Over time, the Portuguese trading empire gave way to competition from other European powers
An Age of Exploration and Isolation, 1400—1800
The document summarizes European exploration between the 15th and 18th centuries. It discusses how Europeans sought new trade routes to Asia to bypass Italian and Muslim merchants and gain access to lucrative goods like spices. Explorers were motivated by profit but also hopes of spreading Christianity. Technological advances like improved ships and the compass enabled long voyages. Major figures discussed include Prince Henry of Portugal, whose patronage helped launch the Age of Discovery; Vasco da Gama, who reached India via an ocean route in 1498; and the Dutch East India Company, which challenged Portuguese dominance in Asia. China's Ming Dynasty isolated the country but also engaged in naval expeditions under Yongle, while the Qing Dynasty that followed consolidated China's
Exploration
1) Beginning in the early 1400s, European powers like Portugal began exploring beyond their borders, driven by desires for wealth, spreading Christianity, and new technologies like the caravel ship.
2) Portugal took the lead in overseas exploration under the support of Prince Henry the Navigator, establishing trading posts along the coast of Africa.
3) By the late 1400s, other European powers like Spain grew envious of Portugal's success and sought their own routes to Asia, leading to Spanish financing of Christopher Columbus' voyage in 1492 that opened the way for European colonization of the Americas.
Exploration
1) Beginning in the early 1400s, European powers like Portugal began exploring beyond their borders, driven by desires for wealth, spreading Christianity, and new technologies like the caravel ship.
2) Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal played a key role in sponsoring Portuguese exploration down the west coast of Africa. Portuguese sailors like da Gama and Cabral reached India and Brazil.
3) Spain joined the exploration, with Columbus reaching the Caribbean in 1492 while seeking a western route to Asia, opening the way for European colonization of the Americas.
4) Portugal and Spain divided newly explored territories through the Treaty of Tordesillas, with Portugal building a trading empire in Asia and the East Indies during
European contact with africa
The Portuguese were the first Europeans to extensively explore and establish trade relationships along the west coast of Africa between the 15th and 16th centuries. They sought to circumvent Arab control of trade routes and gain access to gold and other resources. Key events included establishing coastal forts and trading posts, Diaz rounding the Cape of Good Hope in 1488, and da Gama's voyage connecting Europe and India around the Cape in 1497-1499. The Dutch later supplanted Portuguese control over sea trade and began regularly rounding the Cape of Good Hope in the 16th century to establish resupply stations for trade with Asia.
An age of explorations and isolation (1400 1800) upload
1. Beginning in the 1400s, European powers like Portugal, Spain, France, and the Netherlands began exploring and colonizing other parts of the world seeking new trade routes, resources, and ways to spread Christianity.
2. Portugal led the initial wave of exploration down the west coast of Africa. Spain then conquered much of Central and South America, devastating native cultures like the Aztecs and Incas.
3. The colonization established the Atlantic slave trade, with over 10 million Africans ultimately transported to the Americas as slaves. European trading companies also established control over ports and trade in Asia.
The Portuguese Empire
The Portuguese Empire began in 1415 with the conquering of Ceuta in North Africa under Prince Henry the Navigator. Key figures included Pedro Álvares Cabral, who discovered and claimed Brazil for Portugal, and Vasco de Gama, the first to sail directly from Europe to India. By the late 15th century, Portugal had established colonies and forts throughout Africa, India, and Southeast Asia, becoming the first global empire and pioneering globalization through its extensive colonial trading network. However, its power declined in the late 16th century after the crowns of Spain and Portugal were united under King Philip II of Spain, bringing new colonial rivals like the Dutch and English.
Age of exploration
Between 1500-1800:
- European powers expanded globally through exploration and colonization motivated by trade, wealth, and religion. Portugal led expansion in Africa and Asia while Spain dominated in the Americas.
- The slave trade dramatically increased to supply labor for American plantations, devastating parts of Africa and changing its political/social structures.
- Europeans established overseas colonies and trading posts in Asia, Africa and the Americas, transforming global economics and introducing mercantilism. Their presence impacted politics, culture and religion in conquered regions.
1312 Reformation and the Age of Exploration
The document discusses chapters 16 and 18 from a history course, covering the Reformation and Counter-Reformation in Europe as well as trade networks prior to European expansion. It provides an overview of the key events and figures of the Protestant Reformation in the 1510s-1530s. It also summarizes the Catholic Church's Counter-Reformation response and describes the trade dominance of Venice in the Mediterranean before Europeans sought new maritime routes following the decline of overland trade.
Portuguese empire part 1slideshow
The document summarizes the history of the Portuguese Empire from its origins in the 15th century to its decline in the 19th century. It details Portugal's early exploration along the coast of Africa which led to the establishment of trading posts and colonies. This allowed Portugal to rise as a world power due to its control of the spice and slave trades. However, over time it began losing wealth and territories to other European powers. The Portuguese Empire was officially founded in 1914 but was already in decline and it lost its last colony of Brazil in 1822.
The Portuguese Empire
During the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal established a large colonial trading empire beginning with the conquest of Ceuta in 1415. Key figures like Vasco de Gama and Prince Henry the Navigator helped expand Portuguese trade and exploration, reaching India and rounding the Cape of Good Hope. In 1500, Portugal claimed Brazil for King Manuel I. Sugarcane farming and the African slave trade then grew significantly in colonial Brazil as sugar became the most important crop.
1311 Counter Reformation and the Age of Exploration
The document provides an overview of the Reformation period in Europe and discusses factors that contributed to European expansion. It covers:
1) Key events and figures of the Protestant Reformation such as Martin Luther and John Calvin challenging the Catholic Church in the early 1500s.
2) The Catholic Counter-Reformation to respond to Protestant movements.
3) Reasons why European powers like Spain and Portugal turned outward including seeking wealth, resources, power, and spreading Christianity.
4) Trade networks before the age of exploration were dominated by Italian city-states like Venice importing goods from Asia.
1311 Counter Reformation and the Age of Exploration
The document provides an overview of the Reformation period in Europe and discusses factors that contributed to European expansion. It covers:
1) Key events and figures of the Protestant Reformation such as Martin Luther and John Calvin challenging the Catholic Church in the early 1500s.
2) Motivations for European powers like Spain and Portugal to seek new trade routes, including seeking wealth and resources as Ottoman power grew.
3) Indigenous groups' vulnerabilities to European expansion in Central/South America, including the Inca empire's complicated succession and the Aztec confederation's depleted population from sacrifices.
4) Initial contacts between Europeans and indigenous groups, where the Spanish and Portuguese often used advanced weapons and alliances
The Portuguese empire
The Portuguese empire began in 1415 with the conquest of Ceuta in Northern Africa. Under the support of Prince Henry the Navigator, Portugal explored the coast of Africa and discovered islands like the Azores. In 1488, Bartolomeu Dias rounded the Cape of Good Hope, opening the sea route to India. Portugal established trading posts and conquered territories like Goa, establishing its dominance in Asia. However, conflicts with other European powers led to the decline of the Portuguese empire in the 17th century as it lost most of its Asian and South American colonies. By the 19th century, Brazil gained independence, marking the end of Portugal's global empire.
European Invasion Of Asia
The document traces the history of European imperialism in Asia from the 15th century through World War II. It discusses early Portuguese and Spanish exploration and trade, the rise of Dutch control over Asian trade in the 17th century which displaced the Portuguese, and the growth of British influence in India through the East India Company, culminating in direct British colonial rule over the subcontinent by the 19th century. Decolonization in Asia began after World War II but was interrupted by the Cold War, with Western and Soviet influence continuing through the late 20th century.
The Dutch
The Dutch had a global empire in the 17th century centered around trade and colonies. They established tolerant republican governance that attracted immigrants. As skilled fishermen, whalers, and traders, the Dutch developed very efficient sea routes and became enormously wealthy and successful in commerce, refining sugar for European consumption. Their colony of New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 on Manhattan, grew to be the largest town and finest seaport in their North American colonies, serving as the government headquarters and hub of the fur trade up the Hudson River and farming in the lower valley.
Dutch empire (Netherlands)
World History Dutch Empire
Rise of Dutch Republic
Dutch East India Company and Dutch West India Company
Cape Town
Dutch Golden Age
Decline of Dutch Power
World Connections 1250-1450
Between 1250-1450, improved navigation and protection led to increased travel, trade, and cultural exchanges between distant empires and kingdoms. Key exchanges included the magnetic compass from China, sugarcane from Southeast Asia, and gunpowder from China, which impacted maritime trade, agriculture, and weapon technology respectively. Notable travelers during this period were Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta, whose accounts documented widespread Islamic influence and inspired further exploration. Global trade networks expanded as the Venetian-dominated Mediterranean trade linked to Indian Ocean monsoon-based commerce. Meanwhile, Chinese expeditions under Zheng He explored the Indian Ocean region until voyages were ended under the Ming Dynasty. Seeking new trade routes,
Dutch Empire 1
The Dutch Empire was a wealthy and ambitious empire in the early 17th century despite having a small population of only 1.5 million people. The Dutch dominated northern and western European trade routes as well as fishing and whaling. Amsterdam was a major center for shipping, banking, insurance, and manufacturing in northern Europe. The Dutch also stole the Portuguese sugar trade from American plantations and the slave trade from West Africa to the Americas, capturing key trading posts and dominating sugar production in Brazil. However, by the mid-1600s the Dutch faced attacks from former allies like the English and French as their power grew.
The Portuguese Empire
The Portuguese Empire originated from settlements along the Douro River in northern Portugal. Portugal developed naval technologies that enabled exploration and colonization beginning in the 15th century. At its peak, Portugal ruled territories in South America, Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. However, it gradually lost wealth and territories to other European powers. Portugal's last colony, Brazil, gained independence in 1822. Portugal focused on rebuilding after disasters like earthquakes and the Napoleonic Wars. It later joined NATO and the EU.
3. european footholds in southeast asia and india
Portugal established a trading empire in Asia in the 16th century through military and merchant outposts, controlling the spice trade route between Europe and Asia. While they lacked the strength to conquer much land, their missionaries destroyed Hindu temples and introduced the Inquisition. In the 17th century, the Dutch East India Company formed and seized control of the spice trade using force and allying with local rulers. They captured Malacca and opened trade with China. Spain also claimed the Philippines in the 16th century and used it as a key link to ship goods between Mexico, Peru, and China. India led in textile manufacturing and exported silk and cotton, while Britain and France struggled for power over Indian trading posts in the 18th
Europe Reasons For Exploration
Europeans explored for several key reasons:
1) Spices were highly valued but could only be obtained from Asia, so European rulers sought a sea route to access spices more cheaply and make their countries wealthy.
2) Gold represented wealth and power, and explorers hoped to find gold in new lands to enrich their home nations.
3) Powerful monarchs like the Kings of Spain and Portugal wanted to expand their empires across new territories for resources and slave labor to increase their dominance.
The portuguese empire
The Portuguese Empire was the first global empire in history. It began in 1415 when Portugal departed on an expedition to seize the city of Ceuta in North Africa, marking the beginning of the Portuguese Empire. Over subsequent decades, Portugal expanded its empire through exploration led by Prince Henry the Navigator, establishing colonies in the Azores, Cape Verde, and along the West African coast. At its height, the Portuguese Empire spanned territories across Europe, Africa, Asia, and South America, including Brazil, which became Portugal's most lucrative and important colony. However, Portugal gradually lost much of its wealth and global influence over subsequent centuries.
The portuguese empire
The Portuguese Empire was the first global empire in history, spanning almost six centuries from the 15th century. Portugal's name derives from the Roman name Portus Cale, and the region was inhabited by various groups over time before being conquered by Rome. In the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal was a leading European power due to its exploration and colonization of territories around the world, establishing the Portuguese Empire. However, Spain invaded and took control of Portugal in 1580, integrating it into the Spanish Empire until 1640. The Portuguese Empire declined thereafter, losing territories to other European powers, but maintained control of Brazil and parts of Africa and Asia.
Modern World History: The Age of Explorers
Europeans explored the East between 1400-1800 due to advances in sailing technology, a desire for wealth and trade routes bypassing Muslim and Italian control, and to spread Christianity. Prince Henry of Portugal supported exploration, establishing a navigation school. Portugal explored Africa's coast and established trading posts. Spain also explored, with Columbus reaching the Americas in 1492. Other nations like the Dutch and English later challenged Portugal's control of Asian trade, establishing their own trading empires and companies in the East Indies.
Age of European Exploration and Asian Isolation
The document discusses the reasons for and impacts of European exploration in the late 1400s and 1500s, as well as the isolationism of East Asian countries like China and Japan during this period. Money, religion, trade, and national glory motivated European exploration. This led to the establishment of empires and the Columbian Exchange of plants, animals, people, and diseases between hemispheres. East Asian isolationism was an attempt to preserve tradition but failed to keep these regions technologically advanced compared to growing European powers.
Portuguese Explorers
Portuguese explorers made many important discoveries between the 15th and 16th centuries. Ferdinand Magellan was the first to circumnavigate the globe between 1519-1522. Prince Henry the Navigator financed over 50 expeditions in the 15th century that helped discover routes to India and map the west African coast. Vasco da Gama was the first to sail around the Cape of Good Hope to India in 1497-1499. Pedro Alvares Cabral claimed Brazil for Portugal when he landed there in 1500 while attempting to sail to India. Bartolomeu Dias discovered the Cape of Good Hope and a sea route around Africa to India in 1488.
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An age of explorations and isolation (1400 1800) upload
1. Beginning in the 1400s, European powers like Portugal, Spain, France, and the Netherlands began exploring and colonizing other parts of the world seeking new trade routes, resources, and ways to spread Christianity.
2. Portugal led the initial wave of exploration down the west coast of Africa. Spain then conquered much of Central and South America, devastating native cultures like the Aztecs and Incas.
3. The colonization established the Atlantic slave trade, with over 10 million Africans ultimately transported to the Americas as slaves. European trading companies also established control over ports and trade in Asia.
The Portuguese Empire
The Portuguese Empire began in 1415 with the conquering of Ceuta in North Africa under Prince Henry the Navigator. Key figures included Pedro Álvares Cabral, who discovered and claimed Brazil for Portugal, and Vasco de Gama, the first to sail directly from Europe to India. By the late 15th century, Portugal had established colonies and forts throughout Africa, India, and Southeast Asia, becoming the first global empire and pioneering globalization through its extensive colonial trading network. However, its power declined in the late 16th century after the crowns of Spain and Portugal were united under King Philip II of Spain, bringing new colonial rivals like the Dutch and English.
Age of exploration
Between 1500-1800:
- European powers expanded globally through exploration and colonization motivated by trade, wealth, and religion. Portugal led expansion in Africa and Asia while Spain dominated in the Americas.
- The slave trade dramatically increased to supply labor for American plantations, devastating parts of Africa and changing its political/social structures.
- Europeans established overseas colonies and trading posts in Asia, Africa and the Americas, transforming global economics and introducing mercantilism. Their presence impacted politics, culture and religion in conquered regions.
1312 Reformation and the Age of Exploration
The document discusses chapters 16 and 18 from a history course, covering the Reformation and Counter-Reformation in Europe as well as trade networks prior to European expansion. It provides an overview of the key events and figures of the Protestant Reformation in the 1510s-1530s. It also summarizes the Catholic Church's Counter-Reformation response and describes the trade dominance of Venice in the Mediterranean before Europeans sought new maritime routes following the decline of overland trade.
Portuguese empire part 1slideshow
The document summarizes the history of the Portuguese Empire from its origins in the 15th century to its decline in the 19th century. It details Portugal's early exploration along the coast of Africa which led to the establishment of trading posts and colonies. This allowed Portugal to rise as a world power due to its control of the spice and slave trades. However, over time it began losing wealth and territories to other European powers. The Portuguese Empire was officially founded in 1914 but was already in decline and it lost its last colony of Brazil in 1822.
The Portuguese Empire
During the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal established a large colonial trading empire beginning with the conquest of Ceuta in 1415. Key figures like Vasco de Gama and Prince Henry the Navigator helped expand Portuguese trade and exploration, reaching India and rounding the Cape of Good Hope. In 1500, Portugal claimed Brazil for King Manuel I. Sugarcane farming and the African slave trade then grew significantly in colonial Brazil as sugar became the most important crop.
1311 Counter Reformation and the Age of Exploration
The document provides an overview of the Reformation period in Europe and discusses factors that contributed to European expansion. It covers:
1) Key events and figures of the Protestant Reformation such as Martin Luther and John Calvin challenging the Catholic Church in the early 1500s.
2) The Catholic Counter-Reformation to respond to Protestant movements.
3) Reasons why European powers like Spain and Portugal turned outward including seeking wealth, resources, power, and spreading Christianity.
4) Trade networks before the age of exploration were dominated by Italian city-states like Venice importing goods from Asia.
1311 Counter Reformation and the Age of Exploration
The document provides an overview of the Reformation period in Europe and discusses factors that contributed to European expansion. It covers:
1) Key events and figures of the Protestant Reformation such as Martin Luther and John Calvin challenging the Catholic Church in the early 1500s.
2) Motivations for European powers like Spain and Portugal to seek new trade routes, including seeking wealth and resources as Ottoman power grew.
3) Indigenous groups' vulnerabilities to European expansion in Central/South America, including the Inca empire's complicated succession and the Aztec confederation's depleted population from sacrifices.
4) Initial contacts between Europeans and indigenous groups, where the Spanish and Portuguese often used advanced weapons and alliances
The Portuguese empire
The Portuguese empire began in 1415 with the conquest of Ceuta in Northern Africa. Under the support of Prince Henry the Navigator, Portugal explored the coast of Africa and discovered islands like the Azores. In 1488, Bartolomeu Dias rounded the Cape of Good Hope, opening the sea route to India. Portugal established trading posts and conquered territories like Goa, establishing its dominance in Asia. However, conflicts with other European powers led to the decline of the Portuguese empire in the 17th century as it lost most of its Asian and South American colonies. By the 19th century, Brazil gained independence, marking the end of Portugal's global empire.
European Invasion Of Asia
The document traces the history of European imperialism in Asia from the 15th century through World War II. It discusses early Portuguese and Spanish exploration and trade, the rise of Dutch control over Asian trade in the 17th century which displaced the Portuguese, and the growth of British influence in India through the East India Company, culminating in direct British colonial rule over the subcontinent by the 19th century. Decolonization in Asia began after World War II but was interrupted by the Cold War, with Western and Soviet influence continuing through the late 20th century.
The Dutch
The Dutch had a global empire in the 17th century centered around trade and colonies. They established tolerant republican governance that attracted immigrants. As skilled fishermen, whalers, and traders, the Dutch developed very efficient sea routes and became enormously wealthy and successful in commerce, refining sugar for European consumption. Their colony of New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 on Manhattan, grew to be the largest town and finest seaport in their North American colonies, serving as the government headquarters and hub of the fur trade up the Hudson River and farming in the lower valley.
Dutch empire (Netherlands)
World History Dutch Empire
Rise of Dutch Republic
Dutch East India Company and Dutch West India Company
Cape Town
Dutch Golden Age
Decline of Dutch Power
World Connections 1250-1450
Between 1250-1450, improved navigation and protection led to increased travel, trade, and cultural exchanges between distant empires and kingdoms. Key exchanges included the magnetic compass from China, sugarcane from Southeast Asia, and gunpowder from China, which impacted maritime trade, agriculture, and weapon technology respectively. Notable travelers during this period were Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta, whose accounts documented widespread Islamic influence and inspired further exploration. Global trade networks expanded as the Venetian-dominated Mediterranean trade linked to Indian Ocean monsoon-based commerce. Meanwhile, Chinese expeditions under Zheng He explored the Indian Ocean region until voyages were ended under the Ming Dynasty. Seeking new trade routes,
Dutch Empire 1
The Dutch Empire was a wealthy and ambitious empire in the early 17th century despite having a small population of only 1.5 million people. The Dutch dominated northern and western European trade routes as well as fishing and whaling. Amsterdam was a major center for shipping, banking, insurance, and manufacturing in northern Europe. The Dutch also stole the Portuguese sugar trade from American plantations and the slave trade from West Africa to the Americas, capturing key trading posts and dominating sugar production in Brazil. However, by the mid-1600s the Dutch faced attacks from former allies like the English and French as their power grew.
The Portuguese Empire
The Portuguese Empire originated from settlements along the Douro River in northern Portugal. Portugal developed naval technologies that enabled exploration and colonization beginning in the 15th century. At its peak, Portugal ruled territories in South America, Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. However, it gradually lost wealth and territories to other European powers. Portugal's last colony, Brazil, gained independence in 1822. Portugal focused on rebuilding after disasters like earthquakes and the Napoleonic Wars. It later joined NATO and the EU.
3. european footholds in southeast asia and india
Portugal established a trading empire in Asia in the 16th century through military and merchant outposts, controlling the spice trade route between Europe and Asia. While they lacked the strength to conquer much land, their missionaries destroyed Hindu temples and introduced the Inquisition. In the 17th century, the Dutch East India Company formed and seized control of the spice trade using force and allying with local rulers. They captured Malacca and opened trade with China. Spain also claimed the Philippines in the 16th century and used it as a key link to ship goods between Mexico, Peru, and China. India led in textile manufacturing and exported silk and cotton, while Britain and France struggled for power over Indian trading posts in the 18th
Europe Reasons For Exploration
Europeans explored for several key reasons:
1) Spices were highly valued but could only be obtained from Asia, so European rulers sought a sea route to access spices more cheaply and make their countries wealthy.
2) Gold represented wealth and power, and explorers hoped to find gold in new lands to enrich their home nations.
3) Powerful monarchs like the Kings of Spain and Portugal wanted to expand their empires across new territories for resources and slave labor to increase their dominance.
The portuguese empire
The Portuguese Empire was the first global empire in history. It began in 1415 when Portugal departed on an expedition to seize the city of Ceuta in North Africa, marking the beginning of the Portuguese Empire. Over subsequent decades, Portugal expanded its empire through exploration led by Prince Henry the Navigator, establishing colonies in the Azores, Cape Verde, and along the West African coast. At its height, the Portuguese Empire spanned territories across Europe, Africa, Asia, and South America, including Brazil, which became Portugal's most lucrative and important colony. However, Portugal gradually lost much of its wealth and global influence over subsequent centuries.
The portuguese empire
The Portuguese Empire was the first global empire in history, spanning almost six centuries from the 15th century. Portugal's name derives from the Roman name Portus Cale, and the region was inhabited by various groups over time before being conquered by Rome. In the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal was a leading European power due to its exploration and colonization of territories around the world, establishing the Portuguese Empire. However, Spain invaded and took control of Portugal in 1580, integrating it into the Spanish Empire until 1640. The Portuguese Empire declined thereafter, losing territories to other European powers, but maintained control of Brazil and parts of Africa and Asia.
Modern World History: The Age of Explorers
Europeans explored the East between 1400-1800 due to advances in sailing technology, a desire for wealth and trade routes bypassing Muslim and Italian control, and to spread Christianity. Prince Henry of Portugal supported exploration, establishing a navigation school. Portugal explored Africa's coast and established trading posts. Spain also explored, with Columbus reaching the Americas in 1492. Other nations like the Dutch and English later challenged Portugal's control of Asian trade, establishing their own trading empires and companies in the East Indies.
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Age of European Exploration and Asian Isolation
The document discusses the reasons for and impacts of European exploration in the late 1400s and 1500s, as well as the isolationism of East Asian countries like China and Japan during this period. Money, religion, trade, and national glory motivated European exploration. This led to the establishment of empires and the Columbian Exchange of plants, animals, people, and diseases between hemispheres. East Asian isolationism was an attempt to preserve tradition but failed to keep these regions technologically advanced compared to growing European powers.
Portuguese Explorers
Portuguese explorers made many important discoveries between the 15th and 16th centuries. Ferdinand Magellan was the first to circumnavigate the globe between 1519-1522. Prince Henry the Navigator financed over 50 expeditions in the 15th century that helped discover routes to India and map the west African coast. Vasco da Gama was the first to sail around the Cape of Good Hope to India in 1497-1499. Pedro Alvares Cabral claimed Brazil for Portugal when he landed there in 1500 while attempting to sail to India. Bartolomeu Dias discovered the Cape of Good Hope and a sea route around Africa to India in 1488.
Magellan
The document summarizes the life and historic voyage of Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan, who in 1519 led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe. It details Magellan's early life and career, his proposal to the King of Spain to find a western route to the Spice Islands, the crew and ships prepared for the journey. The summary describes the expedition's route, including navigating the treacherous Straits of Magellan and encountering dangers like scurvy along the way. It concludes with only 18 of the original 241 crew members completing the first voyage around the world upon the ship's return to Spain in 1522.
Atsj
Abel Janszoon Tasman was a Dutch explorer born in 1603 in Holland. His first job was as a ships boy sailing all over the seas. On his first voyage, he discovered Tasmania and stayed there to plan his next journey. His second voyage saw him discover and map New Zealand, although he encountered difficulties. His third voyage was spent further exploring the lands he had previously discovered, including Fiji and Tonga. Tasman made important early European contacts and maps of Australia and New Zealand through his voyages of exploration in the 1600s.
Timeline powerpoint
Saint Bridget of Sweden was a patron saint of Europe in the 14th century known for her charity and piety. She founded the Bridgettine order and influenced many women through her religious life and example. She traveled to Italy seeking approval from the Pope for her new order and waited 18 years to establish it, though she did not live to see the founding of the monastery she hoped to establish.
Introduction: Ming China
The Ming Dynasty ruled China from 1368 to 1644 and established China as a world power during the 14th and 15th centuries. The Ming Emperor exercised absolute power over the government and society. The Ming sent large naval expeditions under Zheng He between 1405-1433 to establish trade and diplomatic contacts across East Africa and South Asia. During this period, China also experienced scientific achievements such as creating detailed world maps. However, corruption and rebellions eventually weakened the Ming Dynasty, leading to its collapse in 1644 when the Manchu invaded and established the Qing Dynasty.
Age of exploration and isolation
Beginning in the late 1400s, Spain built a vast American empire through conquest and colonization. Key events included Hernan Cortes' defeat of the Aztec Empire in Mexico in 1521 and Francisco Pizarro's conquest of the Inca Empire in Peru in the 1530s. Disease brought by Europeans devastated native populations. Spain imposed its culture and extracted wealth, particularly silver and gold, through the encomienda system which abused native laborers. By the mid-1500s Spain had established colonies across Latin America and parts of North America, becoming the richest and most powerful nation through its American territories.
Ch 13 European Explorers
This document provides an overview of European exploration between 1500-1800. It discusses how Portugal explored along the coast of Africa and rounded the Cape of Good Hope to reach India, establishing trade routes for spices. It also summarizes Christopher Columbus' four voyages for Spain where he believed he reached Asia but actually reached the Americas. The Treaty of Tordesillas divided newly discovered territories between Spain and Portugal. Explorers like Amerigo Vespucci and conquistadors like Cortes and Pizarro expanded European control and trade in the Americas while diseases devastated native populations. The slave trade developed the Middle Passage to supply labor to sugar plantations.
Age of European Exploration
During the 15th and 16th centuries, European explorers sailed to previously unknown parts of the world inspired by greed, curiosity, and glory. Key figures included Marco Polo, whose accounts of China intrigued Europeans, and Prince Henry of Portugal, who sponsored voyages down the coast of Africa. Major breakthroughs included Bartolomeu Dias rounding the Cape of Good Hope in 1488 and Vasco da Gama reaching India in 1498, establishing a direct trade route and bypassing Arab middlemen. Christopher Columbus' voyages to the Americas beginning in 1492 opened that part of the world to European colonization, though he did not achieve his goal of finding a direct route to Asia.
Why did Europeans explore the world?
Europeans explored the world during the Age of Exploration for several key reasons: to find a sea route to Asia to access lucrative spices more easily; to obtain gold, silver, and precious stones to fund expensive wars; to expand their geographical and scientific knowledge of distant lands; to spread Christianity to new regions; and to establish larger colonial empires and claim more territory and resources.
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Similar to Europeans Explore The East
7 1.1 exploration and colonization
Europeans explored and colonized much of the world between the 1400s and 1700s for reasons such as trade, religion, and glory. They established trading posts and settlements in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. This led to immense political, social, and economic changes, including the rise of new empires and the spread of Christianity and European culture. It also involved exploitation such as the Atlantic slave trade and the transfer of wealth from colonies to European powers. By the late 1700s, capitalism had begun to replace the system of mercantilism in guiding international trade.
C:\Fakepath\Trbajo Socialess! 3 Bim! Estefania Suarez
1) Explorers from Western Europe established empires in the Americas, Africa, and Polynesia in the 15th-16th centuries, bringing these regions into the global economic system for the first time and significantly impacting their political and cultural traditions.
2) Starting in the 15th century, Portugal and Spain led European maritime exploration, with the Portuguese reaching India by 1498 and establishing coastal forts in Africa, while Spain claimed much of the Americas after Columbus' 1492 voyage.
3) By the 16th century, Northern European nations like France, England, and the Netherlands also sponsored voyages, establishing colonies in North America and displacing the Portuguese in Southeast Asia through private companies. This created a
Exploration and Colonization (APUSH)
The Puritans established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in the 1630s with the goals of creating a "City upon a Hill" and purifying the Church of England. They emphasized self-governance through democratic town meetings and a strict moral code based on Calvinist beliefs. However, dissent grew within the colony as it struggled to maintain religious conformity, leading to events like the trial of Mistress Anne Hibbens for alleged witchcraft in the 1650s.
Euro expansion, etc 1450 1750
Between 1450-1750, Europeans began extensively exploring, trading, conquering, and colonizing other parts of the world. This was enabled by technological improvements in navigation instruments and ship designs, as well as motivations for profit and spreading Christianity. Key events included Portuguese exploration along the African coast beginning in 1415, Columbus reaching the Americas in 1492, and Vasco de Gama sailing around Africa to India between 1497-1498. Europeans began establishing political and economic control in Asia, Africa and the Americas, significantly influencing societies in the latter through conquest and slave labor. This era marked the beginning of globalization and the world shrinking through the increased exchange of goods, crops, livestock and diseases between hemispheres.
1450 1750 overview
Between 1450-1750, global interactions increased dramatically due to advances in ship technology and the rise of maritime empires. The Atlantic slave trade expanded greatly to supply labor for the Americas. Major social and demographic changes occurred as crops and diseases were exchanged between the Old and New Worlds, and millions of people were forced into transatlantic slavery. Culturally, the European Renaissance and Reformation reshaped intellectual life and challenged the authority of the Catholic Church.
1450 1750 overview
Between 1450-1750, global interactions increased dramatically due to advances in ship technology and the rise of maritime empires. The Atlantic slave trade expanded greatly to support the colonies in the Americas. Major cultural and religious changes also occurred in Europe during this period, including the Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, and growing influence of science and philosophy.
The West And The World Social Blogger Rafael
The document discusses the rise of the West and its impact on global trade networks between the 15th-19th centuries. European maritime powers like Portugal, Spain, France and Britain established colonial outposts around the world, disrupting existing trade routes and establishing new economic systems centered around raw materials extracted from colonies. This colonial expansion connected most of Afro-Eurasia and the Americas into a single global economy dominated by Western European interests for the first time in history. While indigenous cultures survived, colonialism profoundly affected civilizations and established Western political and economic hegemony that still shapes the modern world order.
Tessa history 140 american colonial
The Portuguese Empire was the first global empire in history, spreading throughout territories now comprising 49 sovereign states between 1400 and 1800. Portuguese sailors began exploring, entering the Indian Ocean using new navigation technologies. They accidentally landed in South America initially seeking gold. Exploration along the African coast and establishing forts and factories in Asia drove expansion. Trade of spices from the "Spice Islands" also contributed to growth. However, the Portuguese colonies faced attacks from rivals like the Dutch, English, and French. Portugal gradually lost wealth and territory, becoming a junior partner to Spain. Significant losses to the Dutch ended Portugal's Indian Ocean trade monopoly, reducing its empire to African coastal colonies.
I_S-MYP2-Unit2-_Impact_of_Exploration (1).pptx
This document summarizes major European explorations from the 15th-17th centuries and their global impacts. It describes how the Portuguese explored the coast of Africa and reached India, seizing ports and reducing Asian goods' prices in Europe. It also discusses early Spanish exploration leading to knowledge of the Americas and the Columbian Exchange of crops between hemispheres. Finally, it outlines how the Age of Exploration increased European nations' wealth through colonies, fueled economic nationalism and policies like mercantilism, and established triangular trade routes between Europe, its colonies, and Africa.
Parrafos De Ideas Principales De Sociales[1]
1. In the 15th-19th centuries, Western European powers entered and dominated global trade by establishing maritime routes and colonizing lands in Africa, Asia, and the Americas.
2. This created a new global economy and exchange of goods, diseases, plants, and animals between Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas.
3. Colonial powers established unequal economic relationships where colonies produced crops for European markets in exchange for manufactured goods, resulting in the growth of mercantilism and colonial dependency.
History Of Portugal
- Portugal gained independence in 1143 and was settled by various groups over time including Iberians, Celts, Romans, and Germanic peoples.
- The Romans established Lisbon as the capital and divided Portugal into provinces while spreading their culture and legal code.
- After independence, Portugal fought the Moors in North Africa and the Castilians in Spain, and became a wealthy nation through discoveries and trade, including being the first to sail around the globe.
Tarea sociales en_power_point_ojo_tarea_terminada
The document discusses how Europeans expanded their global influence through trade and colonization between the 15th and 18th centuries. Key points include:
- Europeans established trading outposts and colonies in places like Africa and Asia beginning in the 15th century.
- Advances in technology like gunpowder, metallurgy and navigation helped enable European exploration and colonization.
- Portugal, Spain, Britain and other powers established colonial empires and trading companies in places like India and the Americas.
- The colonization of the Americas involved the importation of African slaves and the introduction of European diseases, crops and culture.
- By the 18th century most of Asia, Africa and the Americas were
Is Capitalism The New Mercantism (4)
This document discusses capitalism, mercantilism, and their implications. It begins by defining capitalism as a private economic system where individuals and businesses exchange goods and services through complex market transactions. It then defines mercantilism as Europe's 16th-18th century economic policy focused on acquiring gold and silver. It questions if capitalism is the new mercantilism since both aim to expand production and trade. It also discusses how mercantilism drove European expansion through the slave trade and search for resources like gold. Finally, it summarizes how capitalism faced crises in the 20th century from wars and ideologies but ultimately emerged as the dominant victorious system.
F:\Sociales\Trabajo De Sociales
The document summarizes the globalization process that began with European colonial expansion between the 15th and 18th centuries. It describes how Europeans established overseas colonies and trading posts in Africa, Asia, and the Americas in order to control trade routes and extract raw materials. This allowed Western European nations to dominate the emerging global economic system and create a hierarchy with themselves at the top. The colonization efforts profoundly impacted local cultures and civilizations around the world and established patterns of inequality that still exist today.
European colonization of africa
The document summarizes the European colonization of Africa from initial contact in the 16th century through independence in the mid-20th century. It discusses how Europeans initially engaged in slave trade on the coasts but did not explore the interior of Africa until the late 19th century, when the "Scramble for Africa" led to the continent being divided and occupied by European colonial powers at the 1884-1885 Berlin Conference. This colonization had both benefits like infrastructure development and negatives like economic exploitation and oppression, leaving Africa divided and dependent after independence was achieved in the mid-1900s.
History homework, JUST WRITE and paragraph for each of my questions,.docx
History homework, JUST WRITE and paragraph for each of my questions, each one should be 140-160 words.
1. Describe the global patterns of commerce behind the Atlantic slave trade? (
just write down what you’ve know, don’t need the reference, but do not copy anything from online
)
2. To what extent did Europeans transform earlier patterns of commerce and in what ways did they assimilate into older patterns of commerce as the Atlantic slave trade developed?
3. What were some of the specific impacts of the Atlantic slave trade?
4.(For this part, I want you to write down a 100 words paragraph about that you think of this thread, just like the group discussion and you just write down what is your thought. )
The Atlantic slave trade was felt by peoples all over the world. Specifically it impacted the economies of the Americas and Africa. The Spanish economy flourished after the advent of the sugar plantations in South America and the Caribbean. All on the backs of slave labor. Seeing the Spanish monarchy grow richer and richer, other countries in Europe decided to lay claim to lands in the New World and begin growing their own agriculture economies as well. In Bolivia, the local economy relied very heavily on the native peoples mining the rich silver deposits of their country. Their population felt the impact of these horrible working conditions that helped to fund the Atlantic slave trade. The silver that was mined in South America paid for textiles, firearms, and other goods that was then traded for slaves on the west coast of Africa. Unlike Japan, who was able to shut out completely the Europeans, Africa was completely decimated by the slave trade. Many of the people taken into slavery were men, leaving very few to help build armies and be a part of politics in Africa. As slavery was one of the only exports that Africa was able to offer the world, their populations diminished, making it inevitable that their economic system and societies would collapse.
5. (same as 4)
Europeans transformed earlier patterns of commerce by expanding there trade globally. Europeans often had high demands for Asian and African goods, however due to they’re geographic location weren’t allowed easy access to high demand goods. The chapter also discusses how European goods had little value in Asian markets therefore they were forced to pay cash, gold or silver for purchases. There wealth was there advantage. Europeans sailed across the Pacific widening their trade horizons with larger trade nations as they went. Europeans assimilates into older patterns of commerce as the slave trade developed by going back to traditional ways of trading while offering new goods. Africans were often interested in European firearms, gunpowder and tobacco. With their global commerce takeover the only geographic area that Europeans had a hard time dominating was Africa due to their lack of immunization.
.
Presentacion Sociales power point
The document summarizes the expansion of western European powers through trade and colonization between the 15th-20th centuries. It describes how Europeans first established maritime trade routes and colonial outposts in Africa and the Americas in search of riches. Over time, they gained control over large parts of Asia, Africa and the Americas, establishing colonial empires and involving these regions in an emerging global economy dominated by Western Europe. However, some areas like Eastern Asia maintained more independence and limited European involvement in local trade. Overall, the document outlines how the West came to largely shape the political and economic world order through this period of expansion and colonialism.
Parrafos De Ideas Principales De Sociales
The document summarizes the expansion of trade and colonialism by European powers between the 15th-19th centuries. It discusses how Europe established trade routes bypassing the Mediterranean by sailing around Africa to Asia and the Americas. This led to the creation of a global economy and exchange of goods, people and diseases. European nations established colonial outposts and trading ports in Asia, Africa and the Americas through military dominance. Over time, some colonies like British North America developed representative institutions while most colonies were exploited for raw materials and wealth.
Netherland Exploration and Colonization
The Dutch became wealthy through trade in the late 1500s and sought to maintain their wealth by colonizing new lands. They supported exploration through the Dutch East India Company and Dutch West India Company. Explorers went to areas in the Caribbean like the Netherlands Antilles from 1620-1677 and South America including Chile, Guyana, Brazil, and Suriname between 1600-1650. Voyages were financed through government, merchants, and trading companies. The Dutch made claims to territory shown by their East and West India companies and benefited economically and politically by removing power from rivals and increasing trade.
Unit4 practicetest
After 1450, Western European nations engaged in constructing a regional trading economy and exploring Asia and Africa. Portugal led the way, with Prince Henry the Navigator directing expeditions down the African coast in the 1400s. Vasco da Gama's voyage in 1498 was the first to reach India by sailing around the Cape of Good Hope, establishing Portugal's dominance in Asian trade for nearly a century until other European powers like the Dutch and British improved ship technologies. The Portuguese established trading posts like Goa in India and Macao in China. Spain's conquests in the Americas after 1492 flooded Europe with silver and led it to dominate world trade in the 1500s, though its control declined as other nations challenged its naval power.
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C:\Fakepath\Trbajo Socialess! 3 Bim! Estefania Suarez
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History homework, JUST WRITE and paragraph for each of my questions,.docx
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