Euclidean geometry, originating from the Greek words for 'earth' and 'measure', can be traced back nearly 5000 years to Egypt for land measurement purposes. Euclid, known as the father of geometry, revolutionized the field with his method of deductive reasoning and published his work in 'The Elements', which includes essential definitions and axioms that laid the foundation for modern geometry. His axioms established universal truths that are still fundamental to geometrical studies today.

1. EUCLID
GEOMETRY
PRESENTEDBY:-
Ix A1 STARS

2. INTRODUCTION TO EUCLID
GEOMETRY

3. CONTENTS

4. INTRODUCTIONThe word ‘Geometry’comes from Greek word ‘geo’
meaning the ‘earth’and ‘metrein’meaning to ‘measure’.
Geometry appears to have originated from the need for
measuring land.
Nearly 5000 years ago geometry originated in Egypt as an
art of earth measurement. Egyptian geometry was the
statements of results.
The knowledge of geometry passed from Egyptians to the
Greeks and many Greek mathematicians worked on
geometry. The Greeks developed geometry in a systematic
manner.

5. Euclid was the first Greek Mathematician who initiated a
new way of thinking the study of geometry.
He introduced the method of proving a geometrical result
by deductive reasoning based upon previously proved result
and some self evident specific assumptions called AXIOMS.
The geometry of plane figure is known as ‘ Euclidean
Geometry ’. Euclid is known as the father of geometry.
His work is found in Thirteen books called ‘ The
Elements ’.

6. EUCLID’S DEFINITONS
Some of the definitions made by Euclid in volume I of
‘The Elements’that we take for granted today are as follows
:-
 A point is that which has no part
 A line is breadth less length
 The ends of a line are points
 A straight line is that which has length only

7. CONTINUED…...
The edges of a surface are lines
A plane surface is a surface which lies
evenly with the straight lines on itself
o Axioms or postulates are the assumptions
which are obvious universal truths. They
are not proved.

8. EUCLID’S AXIOMS
SOME OF EUCLID’S AXIOMS WERE :-
 Things which are equal to the same thing are equal to one
another.
i.e. if a=c and b=c then a=b.
Here a, b and c are same kind of things.
 If equals are added to equals, the wholes are equal.
i.e. if a=b and c=d, then a+c = b+d
Also a=b then this implies that a+c = b+c .

9. CONTINUED…..
If equals are subtracted, the remainders are equal.
Things which coincide with one another are equal
to one another.
Things which are double of the same things are
equal to one another

10. CONTINUED…..
The whole is greater than the part. That is if a > b
then there exists c such that a =b + c.
Here, b is a part of a and therefore, a is greater than
b.
Things which are halves of the same things are
equal to one another.