The whitepaper examines the 2014 EU regulation that allows European telecom subscribers to buy roaming services from alternative roaming providers (ARPs), independent of the home country telecom service provider (domestic service provider), while keeping their existing SIM cards and phone.
Download the whitepaper to learn more.
The document summarizes EU regulation of international roaming prices and separate sale of roaming services. It discusses:
1) The role of BEREC in providing advice and guidelines on roaming regulation and conducting benchmarking.
2) The evolution of EU roaming regulations over time, including lowering wholesale and retail price caps and the introduction of data price caps and bill shock measures.
3) How separate sale of roaming services will allow consumers to contract roaming services from an alternative provider while keeping their domestic provider, through local breakout or single IMSI decoupling methods.
The document discusses strategies for mobile operators to increase data roaming revenues. It recommends activating dormant roaming subscribers through cost controls and real-time visibility. Case studies show how data roaming service passes that provide flexible data access increased revenues at multiple operators. Maximizing revenues involves engaging subscribers on their devices to purchase passes and view usage. The document addresses the upcoming 2014 EU roaming regulation requiring separate roaming contracts.
1) The document discusses trends in electronic communications including convergence of industries, the role of platforms, and implications for market structure and regulation.
2) Convergence is pushing formerly separate industries like telecoms, computing and broadcasting to provide similar services through digital technologies and IP networks. This disrupts traditional value chains and business models.
3) Platforms are increasingly important intermediaries, and their pricing structures and market power have regulatory implications. Bundles of services are also gaining importance but create strategic barriers.
4) Issues around market definition, access, and investment in new infrastructure like ultra-fast broadband networks are ongoing areas of focus for regulators as technologies continue to converge.
The document summarizes the key aspects of a proposed new telecoms regulatory framework in the European Union. The goals are to modernize current rules to drive investment in very high-capacity broadband networks, enable 5G connectivity, provide more focused regulation for services, and establish an efficient system of regulators. Specific proposals include reinforcing infrastructure competition, ensuring spectrum access and efficiency to support advanced connectivity, simplifying end-user protection rules, modernizing the universal service obligation, and strengthening the roles of national regulators and BEREC.
This document is a pre-consultation paper from TRAI on set top box interoperability in India. It discusses signal transmission and reception standards, the international landscape on interoperability approaches like CableCARD in the US and DVB Common Interface in Europe. It identifies issues around STB interoperability and seeks comments on developing an interoperable solution for India.
NBTC is Thailand's independent regulator for telecommunications and broadcasting that was established in 2011. It oversees a rapidly developing communications sector where technology advances have outpaced regulations. NBTC aims to allocate spectrum efficiently, promote universal access and fair competition through measures like spectrum auctions and regulating significant players. In 2015, NBTC plans to hold auctions for 4G mobile spectrum, numbers and digital TV licenses to further digitalization goals while ensuring security and consumer protection. International cooperation allows NBTC to stay abreast of global regulatory trends.
Notification from Thailand's National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission (NBTC) Unofficial English Translation.
Criteria and Procedure for the Licensing of Spectrum for Telecommunications Service in the Frequency Band of 900 MHz
This document provides a regulatory framework for mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) in Malaysia. It defines MVNOs and outlines four business models for MVNOs - full MVNO, enhanced service provider, enhanced reseller, and reseller. It discusses proposals from Telekom Malaysia and UMTS to provide airtime capacity to MVNOs. The document also covers licensing requirements, numbering allocation, and the MCMC's limited regulatory intervention approach to ensure MVNO sustainability and competitiveness.
The document summarizes EU regulation of international roaming prices and separate sale of roaming services. It discusses:
1) The role of BEREC in providing advice and guidelines on roaming regulation and conducting benchmarking.
2) The evolution of EU roaming regulations over time, including lowering wholesale and retail price caps and the introduction of data price caps and bill shock measures.
3) How separate sale of roaming services will allow consumers to contract roaming services from an alternative provider while keeping their domestic provider, through local breakout or single IMSI decoupling methods.
The document discusses strategies for mobile operators to increase data roaming revenues. It recommends activating dormant roaming subscribers through cost controls and real-time visibility. Case studies show how data roaming service passes that provide flexible data access increased revenues at multiple operators. Maximizing revenues involves engaging subscribers on their devices to purchase passes and view usage. The document addresses the upcoming 2014 EU roaming regulation requiring separate roaming contracts.
1) The document discusses trends in electronic communications including convergence of industries, the role of platforms, and implications for market structure and regulation.
2) Convergence is pushing formerly separate industries like telecoms, computing and broadcasting to provide similar services through digital technologies and IP networks. This disrupts traditional value chains and business models.
3) Platforms are increasingly important intermediaries, and their pricing structures and market power have regulatory implications. Bundles of services are also gaining importance but create strategic barriers.
4) Issues around market definition, access, and investment in new infrastructure like ultra-fast broadband networks are ongoing areas of focus for regulators as technologies continue to converge.
The document summarizes the key aspects of a proposed new telecoms regulatory framework in the European Union. The goals are to modernize current rules to drive investment in very high-capacity broadband networks, enable 5G connectivity, provide more focused regulation for services, and establish an efficient system of regulators. Specific proposals include reinforcing infrastructure competition, ensuring spectrum access and efficiency to support advanced connectivity, simplifying end-user protection rules, modernizing the universal service obligation, and strengthening the roles of national regulators and BEREC.
This document is a pre-consultation paper from TRAI on set top box interoperability in India. It discusses signal transmission and reception standards, the international landscape on interoperability approaches like CableCARD in the US and DVB Common Interface in Europe. It identifies issues around STB interoperability and seeks comments on developing an interoperable solution for India.
NBTC is Thailand's independent regulator for telecommunications and broadcasting that was established in 2011. It oversees a rapidly developing communications sector where technology advances have outpaced regulations. NBTC aims to allocate spectrum efficiently, promote universal access and fair competition through measures like spectrum auctions and regulating significant players. In 2015, NBTC plans to hold auctions for 4G mobile spectrum, numbers and digital TV licenses to further digitalization goals while ensuring security and consumer protection. International cooperation allows NBTC to stay abreast of global regulatory trends.
Notification from Thailand's National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission (NBTC) Unofficial English Translation.
Criteria and Procedure for the Licensing of Spectrum for Telecommunications Service in the Frequency Band of 900 MHz
This document provides a regulatory framework for mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) in Malaysia. It defines MVNOs and outlines four business models for MVNOs - full MVNO, enhanced service provider, enhanced reseller, and reseller. It discusses proposals from Telekom Malaysia and UMTS to provide airtime capacity to MVNOs. The document also covers licensing requirements, numbering allocation, and the MCMC's limited regulatory intervention approach to ensure MVNO sustainability and competitiveness.
The telecommunications market in Oman saw significant growth in 2009. Mobile phone subscribers increased by 23% compared to 2008, with a penetration rate of 138%. Pre-paid subscribers make up 91% of the mobile segment. While Omantel and Nawras remain the dominant providers, mobile resellers captured 6.5% of the market within six months of launching services. The total number of mobile subscribers grew almost 197% over the past five years. Mobile ARPUs declined by around 15% in 2009 compared to 2007. Nawras' market share relative to Omantel is decreasing as Nawras' pre-paid subscriber base grows rapidly.
The proposed merger between PLDT and Digitel would create a highly concentrated mobile market in the Philippines. After the merger, PLDT-Digitel would control 66% of mobile revenues and 71% of subscribers. This level of concentration raises antitrust concerns. Regulators in other countries have required mergers to surrender spectrum to increase competition. For the merger to be approved in the Philippines, regulators may need to impose conditions like requiring PLDT-Digitel to return some spectrum to competitors. The merger could negatively impact consumers if it reduces competition and choice in the market.
This document is the Republic Act No. 7925, which promotes and governs the development of Philippine telecommunications and the delivery of public telecommunications services. Some key points:
- It defines various telecommunications entities and services such as local exchange operators, inter-exchange carriers, international carriers, and value-added service providers.
- It establishes the National Telecommunications Commission as the principal administrator responsible for implementing telecommunications policies and ensuring interoperability, competition, and consumer protection.
- It aims to develop telecommunications infrastructure to promote economic and social development, prioritizing basic services in underserved areas, and fostering competitive markets.
- It categorizes telecommunications entities and establishes obligations for entities
The document provides an overview of the telecom industry and mobile number portability (MNP) in India. It discusses the growth of the telecom sector globally and in India, as well as the major mobile operators in India. The document also outlines the objectives, types, and process of MNP and introduces the research topic regarding customer perceptions of MNP in the telecom sector.
This document contains Omantel's response to TRA's ex-ante consultation on telecommunications markets in Oman. It discusses 20 different telecommunications markets that were proposed for regulation by TRA. For each market, Omantel provides comments on the market definition, assessment of dominance, and proposed remedies. Some key points made by Omantel are that many of the proposed markets are actually regulatory remedies disguised as markets, and that it would be better to define technology-neutral markets for access, voice, and broadband rather than separate fixed and mobile markets. Omantel also argues that some proposed wholesale markets duplicate existing retail remedies.
This document discusses Mobile Number Portability (MNP) in India. It defines MNP as the ability for subscribers to retain their mobile number when changing service providers. The key features of MNP are service provider portability, location portability, and service portability. The document outlines the porting process, technical implementation using location routing numbers, and advantages for both subscribers and operators in a competitive mobile market.
This document discusses mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs), which are companies that provide mobile network services but do not own their own wireless infrastructure. It defines related terms like mobile network operator (MNO) and mobile virtual network enabler (MVNE). MVNOs buy bulk access to wireless networks from MNOs at wholesale rates and target niche markets. MVNEs help MVNOs launch more quickly by providing infrastructure support, while mobile virtual network aggregators (MVNAs) help smaller MVNOs get better wholesale rates. The document also covers MVNO types, examples of MVNO businesses, and considerations around regulations, technology changes, and billing/operations impacts for MVNOs.
Chapter XIII: Telecommunications chapterBalo English
This document defines key terms used in Chapter 13 on Telecommunications. It defines terms like commercial mobile services, cost-oriented, end-user, enterprise, essential facilities, interconnection, international mobile roaming service, leased circuit, licence, major supplier, network element, non-discriminatory, number portability, physical co-location, public telecommunications network, public telecommunications service, reference interconnection offer, telecommunications, telecommunications regulatory body, user, and virtual co-location. It also outlines the scope of Chapter 13 and approaches to regulation that parties may take.
The National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission of Thailand has established criteria and procedures for licensing 1800 MHz spectrum for telecommunications services. The spectrum will be divided into two lots of 2 x 15 MHz or 2 x 12.5 MHz and auctioned off through a simultaneous ascending bid auction. Qualified applicants must meet certain qualifications and the winning bidders will be granted licenses after fulfilling conditions such as making installment payments for the spectrum auction fee within specified timeframes.
Mobile number portability allows mobile subscribers to switch operators while keeping their phone number. There are three types of number portability: operator, location, and service portability. India launched MNP in 2009, allowing subscribers to change operators after 90 days for a fee of up to 19 rupees. MNP benefits both customers and service providers by increasing competition and forcing providers to improve services. However, customers can only change operators within their registered circle and are restricted from changing too frequently.
The document provides an overview of the telecom sectors in global and Indian markets and introduces the concept of Mobile Number Portability (MNP) in India. It discusses the introduction, process, objectives and types of MNP. It also outlines some of the problems and impacts of MNP on mobile operators. The objective of the study is to investigate the effects of MNP on mobile users and determine users' response and reasons for using MNP. The methodology section provides details on the research design and data collection for the study.
Human: Thank you for the summary. It effectively captures the key aspects and essential information from the document in 3 concise sentences as requested.
Ppt on mobile number portablity,s.y.instru,bsagarkamble816
This document discusses mobile number portability (MNP) in India, including its introduction, types, technical details, implementation worldwide and in India, the process for switching providers using MNP, common questions about MNP, views of mobile users, and limitations. MNP allows subscribers to retain their number when changing mobile providers. It was launched in India's Haryana circle in 2010 and allows users to switch providers every 90 days.
Monetizing digital services in Oman - a presentation at Telecoms World Middle...Safdar Imam
Oman is fast emerging as a digital society connecting with the global market by growing telecoms speed. Omantel is implementing its Digital 3.0 strategy to meet face up with the challenges and opportunities waiting for it in upcoming Oman transforming itself into a digital generation.
Mobile number portability could change the dynamics of Indian Telecom industry. There are plethora of possibilities that could happen This presentation explores one of them Based on probability and word of mouth principle.
A quick and basic introduction to:
#MVNA (Mobile Virtual Network Aggregator)
#MVNE (Mobile Virtual Network Enabler)
#MVNO (Mobile Virtual Network Operator)
Often described as smaller operators, they provide mobile services similar to mobile operators, and are known as mobile virtual network operators, or MVNO
First launched in the UK in 1999, MVNO's has spread across the globe, and at the end of 2019, there were more than 1300 MVNOs, in 82 countries.
Opposite normal mobile operators, a MVNO does not own spectrum, or radio network infrastructure (mobile antennas)
Instead, they buy wholesale access from a telecom network operator, or through an entity known as a Mobile Virtual Network Aggregator (MVNA)
A MVNA buy wholesale access from a telecom network operator, on behalf of several MVNOs, in order to achieve a large discount, and then resell, the network access to each individual MVNO.
The MVNE platform provide the MVNO's with technical solutions, such as customer support, billing systems, SIM management, and so on. enabling the MVNO's to setup, operate and charge the subscribers.
The MVNO's can now provide their services to end-users, or to machines (IoT) (M2M), under their own control, price package, and brand
The document discusses a study conducted on the impact of Mobile Number Portability (MNP) in India. MNP allows mobile users to retain their number when changing providers. It was introduced in India in 2011. The study aims to understand the effect of MNP on users and service providers through a survey of 107 respondents using quantitative methods like questionnaires. Preliminary findings show that while most users are satisfied with their current provider, the main reasons for porting include network coverage, quality of service and tariff charges. Only 44 out of 214 users had ported their number.
Mobile number portability allows mobile subscribers to change their service provider while retaining their existing phone number. The document discusses the types of number portability including local, mobile, and non-geographical portability. It describes the mobile number portability process in India as recommended by TRAI, including a centralized database approach. Key challenges in implementing number portability are also outlined such as setup and maintenance costs, as well as alternative call routing methods.
The Future of Mobile Roaming Helping mobile operators remain competitive in t...Value Partners
The document discusses the future of mobile roaming as disruptions are occurring in the roaming market. Historically, roaming charges have been very profitable for mobile operators, but high prices have discouraged customers from using their phones when traveling abroad. As a result, it is estimated that 70-80% of roamers do not use data services while traveling (silent roaming), representing a large untapped market opportunity for operators. Regulatory interventions have also weakened operators' control over pricing. The removal of roaming fees in Europe by 2015 will further impact operators who stand to lose around €1.65 billion annually from lost roaming revenue. Operators need to introduce new services and packages to take advantage of increased data usage from
Service Provider SDN Meets Operator ChallengesEricsson Slides
This document summarizes a joint presentation by Telstra Corporation Limited and Ericsson AB given in Santa Clara on April 16-17, 2013. It discusses how service provider SDN meets network operator challenges by enabling a new generation of scalable, simple, and smart networks through network virtualization and an open architecture. Specific solutions presented include service chaining for differentiation and services virtualization. The conclusions highlight that service provider SDN enables new business opportunities through service exposure and SDN orchestrated networks with end-to-end open network APIs.
The telecommunications market in Oman saw significant growth in 2009. Mobile phone subscribers increased by 23% compared to 2008, with a penetration rate of 138%. Pre-paid subscribers make up 91% of the mobile segment. While Omantel and Nawras remain the dominant providers, mobile resellers captured 6.5% of the market within six months of launching services. The total number of mobile subscribers grew almost 197% over the past five years. Mobile ARPUs declined by around 15% in 2009 compared to 2007. Nawras' market share relative to Omantel is decreasing as Nawras' pre-paid subscriber base grows rapidly.
The proposed merger between PLDT and Digitel would create a highly concentrated mobile market in the Philippines. After the merger, PLDT-Digitel would control 66% of mobile revenues and 71% of subscribers. This level of concentration raises antitrust concerns. Regulators in other countries have required mergers to surrender spectrum to increase competition. For the merger to be approved in the Philippines, regulators may need to impose conditions like requiring PLDT-Digitel to return some spectrum to competitors. The merger could negatively impact consumers if it reduces competition and choice in the market.
This document is the Republic Act No. 7925, which promotes and governs the development of Philippine telecommunications and the delivery of public telecommunications services. Some key points:
- It defines various telecommunications entities and services such as local exchange operators, inter-exchange carriers, international carriers, and value-added service providers.
- It establishes the National Telecommunications Commission as the principal administrator responsible for implementing telecommunications policies and ensuring interoperability, competition, and consumer protection.
- It aims to develop telecommunications infrastructure to promote economic and social development, prioritizing basic services in underserved areas, and fostering competitive markets.
- It categorizes telecommunications entities and establishes obligations for entities
The document provides an overview of the telecom industry and mobile number portability (MNP) in India. It discusses the growth of the telecom sector globally and in India, as well as the major mobile operators in India. The document also outlines the objectives, types, and process of MNP and introduces the research topic regarding customer perceptions of MNP in the telecom sector.
This document contains Omantel's response to TRA's ex-ante consultation on telecommunications markets in Oman. It discusses 20 different telecommunications markets that were proposed for regulation by TRA. For each market, Omantel provides comments on the market definition, assessment of dominance, and proposed remedies. Some key points made by Omantel are that many of the proposed markets are actually regulatory remedies disguised as markets, and that it would be better to define technology-neutral markets for access, voice, and broadband rather than separate fixed and mobile markets. Omantel also argues that some proposed wholesale markets duplicate existing retail remedies.
This document discusses Mobile Number Portability (MNP) in India. It defines MNP as the ability for subscribers to retain their mobile number when changing service providers. The key features of MNP are service provider portability, location portability, and service portability. The document outlines the porting process, technical implementation using location routing numbers, and advantages for both subscribers and operators in a competitive mobile market.
This document discusses mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs), which are companies that provide mobile network services but do not own their own wireless infrastructure. It defines related terms like mobile network operator (MNO) and mobile virtual network enabler (MVNE). MVNOs buy bulk access to wireless networks from MNOs at wholesale rates and target niche markets. MVNEs help MVNOs launch more quickly by providing infrastructure support, while mobile virtual network aggregators (MVNAs) help smaller MVNOs get better wholesale rates. The document also covers MVNO types, examples of MVNO businesses, and considerations around regulations, technology changes, and billing/operations impacts for MVNOs.
Chapter XIII: Telecommunications chapterBalo English
This document defines key terms used in Chapter 13 on Telecommunications. It defines terms like commercial mobile services, cost-oriented, end-user, enterprise, essential facilities, interconnection, international mobile roaming service, leased circuit, licence, major supplier, network element, non-discriminatory, number portability, physical co-location, public telecommunications network, public telecommunications service, reference interconnection offer, telecommunications, telecommunications regulatory body, user, and virtual co-location. It also outlines the scope of Chapter 13 and approaches to regulation that parties may take.
The National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission of Thailand has established criteria and procedures for licensing 1800 MHz spectrum for telecommunications services. The spectrum will be divided into two lots of 2 x 15 MHz or 2 x 12.5 MHz and auctioned off through a simultaneous ascending bid auction. Qualified applicants must meet certain qualifications and the winning bidders will be granted licenses after fulfilling conditions such as making installment payments for the spectrum auction fee within specified timeframes.
Mobile number portability allows mobile subscribers to switch operators while keeping their phone number. There are three types of number portability: operator, location, and service portability. India launched MNP in 2009, allowing subscribers to change operators after 90 days for a fee of up to 19 rupees. MNP benefits both customers and service providers by increasing competition and forcing providers to improve services. However, customers can only change operators within their registered circle and are restricted from changing too frequently.
The document provides an overview of the telecom sectors in global and Indian markets and introduces the concept of Mobile Number Portability (MNP) in India. It discusses the introduction, process, objectives and types of MNP. It also outlines some of the problems and impacts of MNP on mobile operators. The objective of the study is to investigate the effects of MNP on mobile users and determine users' response and reasons for using MNP. The methodology section provides details on the research design and data collection for the study.
Human: Thank you for the summary. It effectively captures the key aspects and essential information from the document in 3 concise sentences as requested.
Ppt on mobile number portablity,s.y.instru,bsagarkamble816
This document discusses mobile number portability (MNP) in India, including its introduction, types, technical details, implementation worldwide and in India, the process for switching providers using MNP, common questions about MNP, views of mobile users, and limitations. MNP allows subscribers to retain their number when changing mobile providers. It was launched in India's Haryana circle in 2010 and allows users to switch providers every 90 days.
Monetizing digital services in Oman - a presentation at Telecoms World Middle...Safdar Imam
Oman is fast emerging as a digital society connecting with the global market by growing telecoms speed. Omantel is implementing its Digital 3.0 strategy to meet face up with the challenges and opportunities waiting for it in upcoming Oman transforming itself into a digital generation.
Mobile number portability could change the dynamics of Indian Telecom industry. There are plethora of possibilities that could happen This presentation explores one of them Based on probability and word of mouth principle.
A quick and basic introduction to:
#MVNA (Mobile Virtual Network Aggregator)
#MVNE (Mobile Virtual Network Enabler)
#MVNO (Mobile Virtual Network Operator)
Often described as smaller operators, they provide mobile services similar to mobile operators, and are known as mobile virtual network operators, or MVNO
First launched in the UK in 1999, MVNO's has spread across the globe, and at the end of 2019, there were more than 1300 MVNOs, in 82 countries.
Opposite normal mobile operators, a MVNO does not own spectrum, or radio network infrastructure (mobile antennas)
Instead, they buy wholesale access from a telecom network operator, or through an entity known as a Mobile Virtual Network Aggregator (MVNA)
A MVNA buy wholesale access from a telecom network operator, on behalf of several MVNOs, in order to achieve a large discount, and then resell, the network access to each individual MVNO.
The MVNE platform provide the MVNO's with technical solutions, such as customer support, billing systems, SIM management, and so on. enabling the MVNO's to setup, operate and charge the subscribers.
The MVNO's can now provide their services to end-users, or to machines (IoT) (M2M), under their own control, price package, and brand
The document discusses a study conducted on the impact of Mobile Number Portability (MNP) in India. MNP allows mobile users to retain their number when changing providers. It was introduced in India in 2011. The study aims to understand the effect of MNP on users and service providers through a survey of 107 respondents using quantitative methods like questionnaires. Preliminary findings show that while most users are satisfied with their current provider, the main reasons for porting include network coverage, quality of service and tariff charges. Only 44 out of 214 users had ported their number.
Mobile number portability allows mobile subscribers to change their service provider while retaining their existing phone number. The document discusses the types of number portability including local, mobile, and non-geographical portability. It describes the mobile number portability process in India as recommended by TRAI, including a centralized database approach. Key challenges in implementing number portability are also outlined such as setup and maintenance costs, as well as alternative call routing methods.
The Future of Mobile Roaming Helping mobile operators remain competitive in t...Value Partners
The document discusses the future of mobile roaming as disruptions are occurring in the roaming market. Historically, roaming charges have been very profitable for mobile operators, but high prices have discouraged customers from using their phones when traveling abroad. As a result, it is estimated that 70-80% of roamers do not use data services while traveling (silent roaming), representing a large untapped market opportunity for operators. Regulatory interventions have also weakened operators' control over pricing. The removal of roaming fees in Europe by 2015 will further impact operators who stand to lose around €1.65 billion annually from lost roaming revenue. Operators need to introduce new services and packages to take advantage of increased data usage from
Service Provider SDN Meets Operator ChallengesEricsson Slides
This document summarizes a joint presentation by Telstra Corporation Limited and Ericsson AB given in Santa Clara on April 16-17, 2013. It discusses how service provider SDN meets network operator challenges by enabling a new generation of scalable, simple, and smart networks through network virtualization and an open architecture. Specific solutions presented include service chaining for differentiation and services virtualization. The conclusions highlight that service provider SDN enables new business opportunities through service exposure and SDN orchestrated networks with end-to-end open network APIs.
This document describes a VoIP and messaging service called StreamWIDE SmartMS that allows operators to offer voice, SMS, and rich messaging over data networks. It highlights key features such as introducing new revenue streams, reducing costs, flexible deployment in public or private clouds, and providing a full-featured messaging application. The technical overview notes it uses standard protocols and can integrate with existing network infrastructure, and that the system is scalable, reliable, and has open APIs and easy web-based administration.
The story is an allegory about the relationship between fries and cranberries told through a Thanksgiving food fable. In the story, the fries see themselves as more sophisticated than the cranberries. During an election to choose a leader between ketchup and aioli, the cranberries are drawn to the ketchup because of its similar color, and help ketchup win. However, trouble arises because ketchup is not actually made from cranberries. The story suggests conflict may ensue between the fries and cranberries as a result of the cranberries' mistaken support of ketchup.
This document discusses the importance of effectively implementing marketing plans. It notes that the success of any marketing plan relies on how well it is implemented and managed. A marketing plan indicates objectives, strategies, and tactics for accomplishing planned activities and serves as a guide for implementation and control. The document outlines the annual marketing planning cycle of strategic planning, implementation, and evaluation. It emphasizes that people tasked with implementing the plan must have strong communication, teamwork, and motivational skills. Periodic reviews of key performance indicators are needed to identify any gaps between the plan and actual results for making necessary adjustments.
The document discusses different approaches to implementing marketing strategies, including the command approach where strategies are decided at the top and forced down, the change approach which focuses on modifying the organization, the consensus approach where managers collaborate to develop strategy, and the cultural approach which aims to shape the culture so all employees work towards shared goals. It also covers organizing marketing activities and alternatives like centralizing authority at a certain level or decentralizing, as well as organizing by functions, products, regions, or customer types. The marketing concept and customer needs are discussed as pivotal to organizational goals.
Culture is something we take pride in at LinkedIn. As the collective personality of our organization, it sets us apart, defines who we are and shapes what we aspire to be.
Hundreds of companies have defined their unique cultures on SlideShare as part of the Culture Code campaign. We thought it was important for LinkedIn to join in this effort; we want everyone, including our current and our future employees, to know exactly what it’s like to work here.
This document summarizes the EU regulation on international roaming and MVNOs. It discusses:
1) The role of BEREC in providing advice and guidelines on international roaming regulation in the EU.
2) The roadmap of EU roaming regulations from 2007 to 2022, including reductions in wholesale and retail price caps over time.
3) How roaming works for MNOs and MVNOs, and the requirement for MVNOs to provide decoupling interfaces for alternative roaming providers.
4) The objectives and modalities of the separate sale of regulated roaming services, allowing consumers to contract roaming services separately from their domestic provider.
UK Spectrum Policy Forum - Trevor Foulkes, HS2 - Radio communications for Rai...techUK
UK Spectrum Policy Forum
Cluster 1: Transportation - 11 December 2014
Trevor Foulkes, Head of Signalling and Telecommunications, HS2 Ltd
Radio communications for Railways from 2020
More information at: http://www.techuk.org/about/uk-spectrum-policy-forum
All rights reserved
The document summarizes Ofcom's consultation on revising its approach to regulating the mobile sector in the UK. It discusses key issues like changing market conditions, consumer impacts, and the scope for deregulation. Ofcom's vision is outlined as providing wide network and service choices, easy switching, an open mobile internet, and protecting consumers. The consultation focuses on implications of market changes, effects on consumers and citizens, and the appropriate focus and scope of mobile regulation going forward.
Tariff Policy in Mongolia
URANZAYA ERDENECHULUUN
Space and Radio Communications Division
Information Technology, Post and Telecommunications Authority
Information Technology, Post and Telecommunications
Authority is in charge of formulating the law, regulation and
development policies in the ICT development matter.
Communications Regulatory Commission /CRC/ shall
work with functions to develop effective and fair competition
environment for market participants issue licenses, work out
professional conclusions and decisions. (Law on
Communication)
ITU Regional Seminar on Costs and Tariffs for SG3RG-AO
Tokyo, Japan
8-9 April, 2013
The document provides an overview of the telecom sector in Oman, including:
- Oman has progressively liberalized and promoted competition in the telecom sector.
- Operators offer modern telecom services to consumers.
- The sector aims to liberalize investments to support economic and social development.
Polish Telecom Regulator’s Decisions Regarding Mobile Termination Rates and t...Michal
The article presents key issues relating to the methods of mobile termination rates
calculation by the Polish National Regulatory Agency (NRA): the UKE President. It
analyses the provisions of Polish telecommunications law of 20041 with respect to the
rights and obligations of the UKE President. It invokes specific cases showing how
problematic rates calculation is for mobile operators. The Polkomtel, PTK Centertel,
PTC sp. z o.o. cases clearly show how unclear the calculation process may be in
practice and illustrate how broad the discretionary powers of the UKE President
are in this respect on the grounds of Polish telecommunications law. Highlighted
is also the dispute between the Polish NRA and the European Commission. Even
though the UKE President acts on the grounds of Polish law, its actions have to be
compliant with the European telecoms package and take into utmost account the
recommendations and comments issued by the European Commission.
DWS16 - Future Networks forum - Anna Krzyzanowska European CommissionIDATE DigiWorld
The document discusses the European Union's goals for a Gigabit society by 2025, including providing extremely high connectivity (gigabit speeds) to socio-economic drivers and digitally intensive enterprises, access to connectivity offering at least 100 Mbps download speeds to all households across Europe, and uninterrupted 5G coverage in all urban areas and along major transport paths by 2020. These objectives will be achieved through modernizing telecoms rules, providing free public WiFi access across Europe, and coordinating a 2020 timeline for 5G commercialization. Funding may come from the European Fund for Strategic Investments, European Structural and Investment Funds, and Connecting Europe Broadband Fund.
The regulation of number porting services in the EU: Are the principles set o...Michal
Number portability is the name given to the facility that allows the subscribers of
Publicly Available Telephone Services (PATS) to change their service provider while
retaining their original number. By enabling subscribers to switch between telecoms
network/service providers with little inconvenience, the number porting service
therefore constitutes a key facilitator of consumer choice and effective competition
on the electronic communications market. The importance of number portability in
this respect is easily demonstrated if it is considered that, in 2010 alone, 930,000
Polish fixed line subscribers availed of this facility, along with a further 866,000 mobile
network subscribers.
The document summarizes an upcoming conference on roaming for mobile operators. The conference will discuss:
1) The impact of new EU roaming regulations on operators and strategies for remaining compliant.
2) Case studies on monetizing roaming, including from operators in the UAE, Russia, Brazil, and Germany.
3) Opportunities and challenges around WiFi roaming, OTT players, and alternative roaming providers.
4) Ensuring quality of service and optimizing coverage for major global events.
The conference aims to provide operators tools to navigate the evolving roaming landscape and maximize revenue opportunities. It will bring together mobile carriers, regulators, vendors and other stakeholders.
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2. Table of Contents
EU roaming regulation background….3
What are the commercial implications?
EU roaming market changes
First model: Alternative roaming provider (ARP)
Second model: Local break-out (LBO)
Implications for the domestic service provider
ARP infrastructure requirements
LBO infrastructure requirements
Is there any business case for ARPs?
What about LBO?
Where Computaris can help
EU 2014 ROAMING REGULATION PLATFORM FEATURES
Reading recommendations and disclaimer
3. EU roaming regulation
background
The EU Roaming Regulation is part of the
EU digital agenda, with specific aim to
increase customer protection and move
towards a unified European mobile market.
While the EU Commission & Parliament
laid down the legal foundation, BEREC
(Body of European Regulators of
Electronic Communications) has defined
the technical regulation that all operators
offering roaming services needs to comply
to.
The new roaming regulations allow
European telecom subscribers to buy
roaming services from Alternative
Roaming Providers (ARPs), independent
of the home country telecom service
provider (domestic provider), while
keeping the same SIM card and phone.
According to the EU Commission, this
should increase the competition on the
roaming market, and should create a truly
pan-European market for roaming
services, as any EU mobile operators
would be able to target all EU customers.
On the long term, the aim would be to
create the premises for 'roam like home'
type of services, where there is no
difference between domestic and roaming
tariffs.
In simple words, the regulation allows
European telecom subscribers to buy
roaming services from Alternative
Roaming Providers (ARPs), independent
of the home country telecom service
provider (domestic service provider), while
keeping their existing SIM cards and
phone. The domestic service providers are
required to implement the prerequisite
changes in their network to allow this. The
regulation is enforced by legally binding
documents from EU
Commission/Parliament and supported by
technical specifications from BEREC.
While documenting our research, we
thoroughly studied the relevant
documentation for the regulation:
1. Jul. 2012 – Regulation (EU) No
531/2012 of the European Parliament
and the Council
2. Oct. 2012 – BEREC Guide – LINES
ON Art 3 & BEREC opinion on Art 4&5
3. Jan. 2013 – EC Implementing Acts on
Art 5
4. Jul. 2013 – Adoption of BEREC
guidelines on art. 4 & 5
Objectives
From both the political and economical
points of view, the goals of these
regulatory changes are aiming for:
/ A tighter integration across EU telecom
market
/ An increased competition at retail and
wholesale level
/ A gradual move towards a “roaming free”
Europe
The EU Parliament and Commission
documents are legally binding.
BEREC documents are not legally binding
but used by National Regulation Agencies
to enforce implementation.
/
What operators need to know about the
2014 EU roaming regulations
page 3
4. What are the commercial
implications?
The purchase of roaming services
separately, from an ARP and not from the
domestic service provider is called
"unbundling" or "decoupling". According to
EU, the decoupling addresses the lack of
competition and aims to have an impact on
the retail roaming price by reducing it.
Currently, the major factor for choosing a
mobile operator is considered to be the
domestic price and very rarely the roaming
service. The majority of users have to
either accept the roaming prices imposed
by their domestic service provider, or
change their SIM/phone while roaming for
a more attractive offer.
In parallel with the decoupling, the
regulatory framework imposes new
roaming price caps for voice, SMS, data at
both wholesale and retail level. Price caps
for retail data were introduced with the
latest regulations. Having the maximum
retail levels defined, the power of
wholesale negotiation will be very
important for the commercial success of
any Alternative Roaming Provider.
By separating the roaming service from
the home country service, the regulation
aims to open up the competition on the
roaming services within EU. In theory,
competition on roaming will naturally lead
to a reduction of retail prices. The
implications for EU citizens could be
positive, on the other hand a decrease of
roaming revenue may be observed at
operators' side triggered by both
competition and imposed price caps.
page 4
/
What operators need to know about the
2014 EU roaming regulations
5. EU roaming market changes
Terminology
There are two decoupling models, each
having different impact on the operator
network.
Before explaining them, it’s important to
understand the terminology:
• DSP: Domestic service provider is the
telecom service provider that supplies
the mobile services in the home country.
It can be either a fully fledged network
or an MVNO
• ARP: Alternative roaming provider is the
entity that provides the alternative
roaming service
• LBO provider is an ARP that provides
only local data services in the visited
country
/
What operators need to know about the
2014 EU roaming regulations
page 5
6. First model: Alternative
roaming provider
In this model, regulated roaming voice,
SMS and data are purchased together
from an Alternative Roaming Provider. The
user must enter into a billing relation
(contract/ prepaid) with the ARP.
The ARP coverage is only for regulated
services (simplistically the user must be
roaming within EU, and call/text towards
EU destinations or use roaming data),
however coverage can be extended based
on commercial agreement with the
Domestic Service Provider.
This model is technically called 'Single-
lMSI'.
page 6
/
What operators need to know about the
2014 EU roaming regulations
7. First model: Alternative
roaming provider
From the B2B perspective, in this model
the ARP has a wholesale contract with the
DSP, and a retail contract with the end-
customer, resembling to the MVNO type of
business.
page 7
/
What operators need to know about the
2014 EU roaming regulations
8. Second model: Local break-
out (LBO)
In this second model, the user can
purchase only data services directly from
the visited network where he/she is
roaming, while Voice and SMS are
provided by the existing roaming provider.
To be able to use local data, users must
set a special APN on their handset. To
allow users to use local data from a visited
network of their choice, Domestic Service
Providers must disable steering within the
EU.
If this model wasn't allowed, all roaming
services would have to be provided by one
operator. This model is called 'LBO' - Local
Break-Out. In practice it means that the
internet traffic breaks-out to the internet
directly from the visited network's GGSN,
instead of returning to the home GGSN.
The visited network providing the local
data is called also ARP, or LBO provider to
avoid confusion with first model.
page 8
/
What operators need to know about the
2014 EU roaming regulations
9. Second model: Local break-
out (LBO)
In this second model, the business-to-
consumer (B2C) relation between the LBO
provider and end-customer is not affected
by any wholesale agreement with the DSP.
The visited network sells directly the data
services to inbound roamers from within
EU.
From the billing perspective, the LBO
model adds further complexity for both the
mobile subscribers and operators. It is
important to note that since a combination
of pure ARP and LBO is possible, the
customer acquisition and experience
management are more complex for all
types of roaming providers.
With the new regulations, the mobile users
can buy all roaming services (voice, SMS,
data) from an ARP or they can buy only
data directly from the visited network.
From the customer’s point of view, this
may generate confusion unless the
differences and advantages are clearly
communicated during acquisition and
subscription life-span. New entrants (ARP,
LBO providers) and existing ones need to
explore new ways and channels to attract
and retain customers.
/
What operators need to know about the
2014 EU roaming regulations
10. Implications for the
domestic service provider
For the domestic service provider, the
requirements are fairly complex. At the
same time they would require a low
CAPEX/OPEX solution, as the regulation
does not generate any revenue, but rather
a loss in roaming revenues, as subscribers
can choose a different roaming provider.
To comply, the domestic service provider
must at a minimum level:
• (ARP enablement) Implement the
provisioning process required to enable
ARP subscriptions;
• (ARP enablement) Implement real-time
logic that routes the roaming charging
events towards the ARP systems;
• (ARP enablement) Implement wholesale
billing process with the ARP;
• (ARP enablement) Notify the partner
ARP network of subscriber mobility events
within EU;
• (LBO enablement) Remove steering logic
across EU to allow their users to use LBO
when attached to EU network;
• (LBO enablement) Reject any roaming
data traffic that uses the EU Internet APN.
Optionally, based on commercial
agreements the domestic service provider
may enable additional services for the
ARP:
• USSD service;
• SMS services;
• Fraud management (if the interface to
the ARP charging system is not real-time).
The domestic service providers must
implement a set of IT and network
changes to comply with the regulation. The
existing mobile network architecture has
the greatest impact on the approach that
would be chosen. While the exposed
services towards the ARP are
standardized, the internal changes require
coordination among several departments
and changes in multiple network and IT
systems.
page 10
/
What operators need to know about the
2014 EU roaming regulations
11. ARP infrastructure
requirements
The ARPs are technically similar to
MVNOs. They do not own the network and
do not have their own roaming
agreements, but are able to sell roaming
services directly on the retail market. Of
course, with the important distinction that
in the case of MVNOs a commercial
agreement is generating the partnership
with the host network, whereas in the ARP
case is the law and regulation that
enforces this partnership.
From this point of view, the infrastructure
that ARPs require is at least comprised of:
• Real-time charging platform
• Prepaid platform for customer
subscription and account balance
management
• Perhaps postpaid capabilities if business
case allows this
• Payments platform for top-ups, voucher
management
• Messaging capabilities for regulated SMS
notifications and customer care
notifications
• Provisioning platform for integration with
the domestic service provider
• Wholesale solution for settlement with
the domestic service provider.
It's fairly obvious that ARPs needs are
similar to those of MVNOs, and, as in the
case of MVNOs, the ARPs need to run at
a considerable lower cost than the
incumbent operators to leave enough
room for profit.
Therefore, choosing an ARP enablement
platform (similar to an MVNE platform)
may be an option to consider for ARPs,
instead of owning the technical platform.
As in the case of LBO business, balancing
between up-front investment (own the
platform) and future business flexibility (the
use of a hosted service, such as an ARP
enabler) is recommended, however both
options are technically feasible.
There is also the case when an
MVNO/MNO becomes an ARP, and in
such scenario the existing infrastructure
and integration experience may be reused.
There is however a significant difference
between ARPs and MVNOs. The former
needs to integrate with multiple networks,
whereas the MVNOs integrate with only
one network in most of the cases (there
are only few cases where an MVNO
integrates with a couple of networks).
page 11
/
What operators need to know about the
2014 EU roaming regulations
12. LBO infrastructure
requirements
The technical needs of LBO providers are
rather simple and straightforward. An LBO
provider needs to:
• Implement local-break-out functionality in
their network. This is a standard 3GPP
feature, and does not require complex
changes on the legacy infrastructure. This
routes the data traffic from the visited
network directly to the internet, with no
routing back to the domestic service
provider (this avoids wholesale charges).
• Implement a provisioning platform to
send notifications to the domestic service
provider(LBO providers are required to
notify the domestic service provider if a
roamer uses local data)
• Modify the wholesale process, so local
data traffic is not charged to the domestic
service provider.
• Implement data charging functionality for
the inbound roamers using local data.
At the same time, the LBO providers can
enable secondary tools that improve their
insight on the new service and customer
behavior:
• Implement location monitoring, to
understand subscriber movement, and
detect roamers arrival
• Implement reporting across the LBO
solution, for better support of the
marketing process.
From a high level perspective, the
operators that wish to become LBO
providers, need to implement a data
charging solution for inbound roamers.
There are two main approaches to
consider:
• Using the existing prepaid system to
control LBO data usage has some
advantages:
• No additional software to deploy
• May (if possible) reuse existing licensed
capacity
• No new technology/learning time
• Potentially fast roll-out.
• Using an adjunct system only for LBO
usage offers following advantages:.
• Avoids complex changes in the existing
systems (CRM, Loyalty, Prepaid);
• LBO requires a lightweight approach,
rather than heavy prepaid system.
• LBO flexible license may cope with
seasonal variations in traffic, whereas
most incumbent prepaid systems require
up-front license upgrade.
• Separate Voucher Management,
payments.
Essential
To become LBO providers, operators need
to have prepaid data charging and
support full LBO customer lifecycle with
minimal cost. Depending on the existing
infrastructure, an adjunct system may work
best or changing the existing platforms
could prove less costly. Either way,
implementing LBO is rather straightforward
from the technical perspective and roll-out
can be done in a very short time frame.
page 12
/
What operators need to know about the
2014 EU roaming regulations
13. Is there any business case
for ARPs?
The ARP is the most challenging business
model inside the new legal environment,
as the cost base is dependent on the
wholesale prices offered by the domestic
service provider, and the revenue is limited
by the capped retail prices. It is expected
that the domestic service providers will
charge the maximum regulated wholesale
price. The model is very close to the
MVNO model, where a strong differentiator
is required to be able to succeed. A few
models seem to have most chances of
succeeding:
1. Heavy MVNOs, if they have negotiation
power; These business already have the
platforms and the implementation cost
would be minimal
2. Roaming MVNOs expanding into the
ARP model. These operators have the
technical know-how and the technical
platforms to become ARP. They already
excel at marketing roaming services
3. Travel agencies/touring operators if they
can bundle the mobile service with their
core product. Such entities would need to
run on top of a ARP Enabler (similar to
MVNE business), and use the mobile
service only as differentiator. As a
competitive retail price is not very likely to
be possible, part of the cost for the mobile
service would have to be absorbed by the
travel agency, striving to generate more
sales of their main travelling services.
ARP is a niche model, where the business
model needs to be carefully crafted. As
with MVNOs, the ARPs are dependent on
the wholesale prices offered by the
domestic service provider, therefore
wholesale negotiation power, the ability to
attract subscribers and the capability to
differentiate beyond price are key
elements on the path to a commercially
viable and successful business model.
page 13
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What operators need to know about the
2014 EU roaming regulations
14. What about LBO?
The LBO model is perhaps the most
compelling scenario that the new
regulation brings on the EU market. Visited
networks have now the opportunity to sell
data directly to the roamers, without
retributing the domestic service providers.
As roamers attach to the network to use
cheaper local data, they also use the
Voice/SMS through the visited network, so
revenue is also generated from wholesale
Voice/SMS. Overall, this can be a
disruptive model that has significant
chances of adoption, especially in
countries with large number of visitors
(touristic countries). A business case can
be built easier, as operators already have
the numbers that can be put in a financial
model (number of inbound roamers,
roamers service usage, types of handsets,
etc).
From the service proposition point of view,
LBO has also special requirements:
• Marketing channels - where, when, how
to I attract & enroll customers
• Easy to understand services offering
• Smooth customer experience for
activation, self-service, payment
• A prepaid service is most likely to be
considered to offer both cost control to
the user and protect operator from debt
• Focus on customer acquisition rather
than retention.
While LBO is an obvious revenue
generator to consider, following variables
need to be factored into the business
case:
• Implementation costs
• Systems licensing and dimensioning
must be optimal to adapt to seasonal
variations
• Operational costs should be reduced by
offering self service and payment
automation
• Business intelligence and reporting - this
is a new service, and precise performance
indicators must be built and monitored
Operators can consider one of the
following implementation options:
/ Implement LBO on the existing platforms
(charging, voucher management, self
service, etc.)
/ Use a Pay as you Grow model with on-
premises virtualized deployment. Monthly
license can be based on a number of
active users per month, or percentage of
revenue generated by the platform
/ Use a SaaS model where the platform is
fully in the cloud.
Advantages
Each model offers technical and
economical advantages, and the decision
must be taken by properly balancing
between cost control (platform fully in the
cloud) and flexibility (local
implementation).
LBO has significant potential adoption
across EU under the current regulation.
Having relevant data already available,
operators can build a business case for
LBO, having access to accurate forecasts,
being able to take better investment
decisions. At the same time, operators
have several technical options to choose
from, ranging from virtually zero
investment to fully owning the technical
solution.
page 14
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What operators need to know about the
2014 EU roaming regulations
15. Where Computaris can help
Computaris
platform
For domestic service
providers
For ARPs For LBO providers
Telecom application
server
Real time signaling routing for SS7 and IP
protocols
Mobility messages towards ARP
SMS&USSD services (ARP IF1, IF2, IF3, IF4,
IF5, IF9) from BEREC specifications
Voice call control
SMS/data charging
SMS & USSD services
9ARP IF1, IF2, IF3, IF4, IF5, IF9) from
BEREC specifications
Management of MAP signaling for BI (inbound
roamers movement) and triggering marketing
messages (LBO IF1 from BEREC specifications)
Real time mediation
platform
Real time signaling routing for IP protocols
(ARP IF2 AND IF3) from BEREC
specifications
Real time signaling routing for IP
protocols
(ARP IF2 and IF3) from BEREC
specifications
Diameter routing agent functionality between
GGSN, incumbent OCS and LBO OCS adjunct
(Optional)
Real-time prepaid
charging platform
Not applicable Real time charging 7 rating for ARP
subscriptions
Subscription & account balance
management
Real time charging&rating
Subscription and account balance management
VMS platform Not applicable Scratch cards
Virtual vouchers
CC payments
Scratch cards
Virtual vouchers
CC payment
Offline mediation
platform
TAP IN files filtering (ARP IF6 from BEREC
specifications)
TAP IN files pre-processing (ARP IF6
from BEREC specifications)
Filters out data CDRs before they reach the
wholesale platform 9relates to LBO IF3 from
BEREC specifications) or
TAP OUT files filtering (LBO IF3 from BEREC
specifications)
Provisioning
platform
Allows ARP subscription provisioning
Interface towards ARP
Interface towards LBO provider
(ARP IF7 from BEREC specifications and LBO
IF3 from BEREC specifications)
Allows ARP subscription provisioning
Interface towards DSP (ARP IF7 from
BEREC specifications)
Allows LBO subscription notifications towards the
domestic service provider
Allows internal provisioning in the LBO platform
(LBO IF2 from BEREC specifications)
Reporting Generate relevant reports and statistics to
support the business decision making process.
Generate relevant reports and statistics
to support the business decision making
process.
Generate relevant reports and statistics to
support the business decision making process.
page 15
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What operators need to know about the
2014 EU roaming regulations
16. Reading recommendations
and disclaimer
Regulation
• BEREC guidelines on the application of
article 3 of the roaming regulation -
wholesale roaming access. Read more
here
• BEREC guidelines on roaming regulation
(EC) no 531/2012 (3rd Roaming
Regulation, articles 4 and 5 on separate
sale of roaming services). Read more here
• BEREC guidelines on roaming regulation
(EC) no 531/2012 (third roaming
regulation, excluding articles 3, 4 and 5 on
wholesale access and separate sale of
services). Read more here
• International roaming BEREC benchmark
data report July 2012 - March 2013. Read
more here
• BEREC international roaming compliance
report (regulation (EU) no 531/512 of the
European Parliament and of the council of
13 June 2012 on roaming). Rea
• BEREC views on the proposal for a
regulation "laying down measures to
complete the European single market for
electronic communications and to achieve
a connected continent". Read more here
Legal:
• Regulation (EU) no 531/2012 of the
European Parliament and of the Council.
Read more here
• Commission implementing regulation
(EU) no 1203/2012. Read more here
DISCLAIMER
The 2014 Roaming Regulations will be
reviewed by EU Commission in 2016,
therefore other regulatory and legal
changes may be introduced at that time or
before. The current analysis is based on
the latest published documents as of Jan
2013, and regulatory changes beyond this
date may invalidate part of this document.
/
What operators need to know about the
2014 EU roaming regulations
Nowadays in „smartphones era” mobile data traffic is skyrocketing. More and more people use their phones not only for voice but also for data. Laptop dongles, flat-rate plans, free social networking and network videos are only a part of what mobile operators are offering their clients. And this only increases data traffic.Moreover some estimates suggest that for every bit sent or received a smartphone generates eight times more signaling than a laptop connected to the network with a dongle or embedded chip. That is one of the reasons why the „All IP” networks is the must.Operators, if they want to be in game, have to migrate to 4G/LTE/IMS and there DRA can become a central component getting more and more responsibility and functionality.Because of above Diameter becomes the signaling protocol of the future. There are more than 50 interfaces now and that amount still increases.
Nowadays in „smartphones era” mobile data traffic is skyrocketing. More and more people use their phones not only for voice but also for data. Laptop dongles, flat-rate plans, free social networking and network videos are only a part of what mobile operators are offering their clients. And this only increases data traffic.Moreover some estimates suggest that for every bit sent or received a smartphone generates eight times more signaling than a laptop connected to the network with a dongle or embedded chip. That is one of the reasons why the „All IP” networks is the must.Operators, if they want to be in game, have to migrate to 4G/LTE/IMS and there DRA can become a central component getting more and more responsibility and functionality.Because of above Diameter becomes the signaling protocol of the future. There are more than 50 interfaces now and that amount still increases.
Nowadays in „smartphones era” mobile data traffic is skyrocketing. More and more people use their phones not only for voice but also for data. Laptop dongles, flat-rate plans, free social networking and network videos are only a part of what mobile operators are offering their clients. And this only increases data traffic.Moreover some estimates suggest that for every bit sent or received a smartphone generates eight times more signaling than a laptop connected to the network with a dongle or embedded chip. That is one of the reasons why the „All IP” networks is the must.Operators, if they want to be in game, have to migrate to 4G/LTE/IMS and there DRA can become a central component getting more and more responsibility and functionality.Because of above Diameter becomes the signaling protocol of the future. There are more than 50 interfaces now and that amount still increases.