Presentation for ETOP 2019, Canada.

1. 1Tufaile and Tufaile, Brazil

2. Our question:
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”How to motivate students to learn the
fundamental concepts of optics?”
1 semester – 15 weeks;
4 hours per week.

3. From the Pharaoh’s Physics to the Photon!
Perceptions, Experiments and Demos in Physics.
• In Our
Book
we explore the
techniques of
teaching
Physics for
Science
teachers.
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5. Perhaps you already
know our work!
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6. Maybe this one: Honorable Mention 2015
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7. This is one of our
demos made with
gelatin.
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The Eye of Horus

10. Honorable mention 2018 – Spiral Bow
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Our Answer:

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14. Unstructured activities:
(a bit of ‘Problem Based Learning’ - PBL)
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Building a
homemade
microscope using a
webcam.
4 weeks

15. Improving their presentation skills:
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II. The Path of Light
Unstructured classrooms, stimulus from Art
(Escher, Magritte and others);
Results from our scientific research work:
Keller's Geometrical Theory of Diffraction and
polarization using ferrofluid film.

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M. C.
Escher
René
Magritte
II. The Path of Light

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Topologia: de Moebius ao Flexágono
https://youtu.be/VxiBbTObXCo
Kaleidoscopes
Fractals
Moebius
transformations
Topology

19. More kaleidoscopes
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20. The Science of Colors
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21. Cellphones: Pictures and Apps
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22. Youtube short videos used in class...
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Youtube channel of Adriana Tufaile
contains short videos from nature, city,
museuns and other places, showing some
examples of daily optical phenomena, and
they are used during the classes.

23. Videos from nature, science museuns, ...
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Alert: Some presentations of this conference will be present in our classes!

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II. The Path of Light
Rainbow
a colorful
caustic

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II. The Path of Light
Keller's Geometrical Theory of Diffraction

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Plateau borders are formed in
the encounter of liquid films of
soap solutions.

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Ferrofluid
Complex fluid
Superparamagnetic Liquid
(M = 0 when H = O)
Colloidal solution of ferromagnetic nanoparticles
(monodomains)

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First time we saw
2016 São Paulo, BR
Parhelic circle
2 Sun dogs
Upper tangent arc
Suncave Perry arc

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Geometrical Theory of Diffraction (GTD)
Keller
Discussion of models used in Optics and concepts such as
particles, rays, waves, wave-particle duality.
GTD applied in acoustics and high-frequency radio waves.
Keller reinterpreted the Huygens principle using Young's principle,
emphasizing the directionality of the wave and works well in the
interface between Geometrical Optics and Wave Optics:
EGTD = a EGeomOpt + b EWaveOpt
where a and b are adjusted as required.

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The magnetic field in the
Ferrocell plane is radial →
non-homogeneous polarizer
with polarizing axes in the
radial direction
Ferrocell Micrography
H = 0
H ≠ 0

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Evaluation
Tests, Reports, Oral Presentations, Homework:
2 individual written tests, practical and theoretical activities;
13 written reports;
1 oral presentation in groups 2 or 3 students.
Results
27 approved students, average grade of ~ 87% (2017, 2018)
Subjective: Demonstrations of happiness and various “Wow”moments!
Comments during and after the course. Those enrolled in the second
class (2018) were following the recommendation of the attendees of
first class.

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CONCLUSIONS
1- Focused on practical activities and concepts.
2- Unstructured teaching activities are extremely
challenging for students, placing them as collaborators and
protagonists of learning.
3 - The application of scientific research, scientific
dissemination and formal and non-formal education were very
well received.

35. Conclusions... More
•The success is attested by the good
performance of the students and the
excitement they have shown.
• Great interest: rainbows, halos, jumping
sundogs, glory effect, mirages, structural
color of animals, vision, cameras, and 3D
cinema.
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Hewitt [Conceptual Physics], Addison-Wesley, USA (2009).
Tufaile and Tufaile [Da Física do Faraó ao Fóton], Ed Livraria da Física, Brazil (2013).
Berry “Reflections on a Christmas-tree bauble,” Physics Education 7, 1 (1972).
Trikosko “Physics in a Glitter Ball,” The Physics Teacher 49, 110 (2011).
Kadri, Wei, Jaafar “Student Activity: Verification on Malus's Law of Polarization at Low
Cost,” Proc. SPIE 9289, 12th ETOP, 928992A, 1 (2014). doi:10.1117/12.2070727
Tufaile, Tufaile, Mendes, Livério Jr, Santos, Imbernon “Paleolithic rock & roll: making
music with granite and slate,” In The Trenches 4(4), 15 (2014).
Santos, Molina, Tufaile “Violão e guitarra como ferramentas para o ensino de Física,”
Rev. Bras. Ens. Fís. 35, 1 (2013).
Araújo and Abib “Atividades Experimentais no Ensino de Física: Diferentes Enfoques,
Diferentes Finalidades,” Rev. Bras. Ens. Fís. 25, 176-194 (2003).
Tufaile and Tufaile “LEDs e a reinvenção da lâmpada,” Revista Ambiente Legal 12, 18-
19 (2014).
Tufaile and Tufaile “Espectros de lâmpadas do cotidiano (c/ CD desencapado)”
YouTube, https://youtu.be/wLXyNrb48II.
Meuris [René Magritte 1898-1967], Taschen, Germany (1993).
Ernst [O espelho mágico de M. C. Escher], Taschen, Germany (2007).
Tufaile and Tufaile “Hyperbolic Prism, Poincaré Disc, and Foams,” In: Skiadas, C. H.,
Skiadas, C. (Org.) Handbook of Applications of Chaos Theory, Chapman and Hall/CRC,
EUA 627-635 (2016).
Tufaile and Tufaile “Hyperbolic prisms and foams in Hele-Shaw cells,” Phys. Lett. A 375
(2011).
Tufaile and Tufaile “Topologia: de Moebius ao Flexágono,” YouTube,
https://youtu.be/VxiBbTObXCo.
Young and Frappa “Mirages at Lake Geneva: the Fata Morgana,” Appl. Opt. 56, (2017).
Lewin "Rainbows and Blue Sky" YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6QVbE_tU2sA .
Nussenzveig “The theory of the rainbow,” American Scientist, 116-127 (1977).
Tufaile and Tufaile “O arco-íris é polarizado” YouTube, https://youtu.be/d4Y3bA_-rUM .
Tufaile and Tufaile “Arco-íris uma cáustica colorida,” YouTube, https://youtu.be/8sPQQpTvSiM .
Tufaile and Tufaile “Miragem na estrada (explicação ao final),” YouTube,
https://youtu.be/Ahb2QetjwyI .
Tufaile and Tufaile “Sol nascendo (refração diferencial),” YouTube,https://youtu.be/x8ki-q7rPPs .
Keller “Geometrical Theory of Diffraction,” J. of the Optical Society of America 5, n. 2, 116 (1962).
Tufaile, Ventura, Tufaile “Some aspects of image processing using foams,” Phys. Lett. A 378, 3111
(2014).
Tufaile and Tufaile “Parhelic-like circle from light scattering in Plateau borders,” Phys. Lett. A 379,
529 (2015).
Tufaile and Tufaile “The dynamics of diffracted rays in foams,” Phys. Lett. A 379, 3059 (2015).
Tufaile and Tufaile “Faça um HALO com LASER,” YouTube, https://youtu.be/IEsX4bDUu5U .
Tufaile, Vanderelli, Tufaile “Observing the jumping laser dogs,” J. Appl. Math. Phys. 4, 1977 (2016).
Greenler [Rainbows, halos, and glories], Cambridge University Press, UK (1980).
Tufaile and Tufaile “Efeitos de polarização e birrefringência. Óculos cinema 3D,” YouTube,
https://youtu.be/bbFGZTU7LvU .
Snik “Reflecting Beetles,” Honorable mention 2017 After Image photo contest, Optics & Photonics
News, https://www.osa-pn.org/home/gallery/photo_contests/2017/reflecting_beetles/.
Tufaile, Vanderelli, Tufaile “Light Polarization Using Ferrofluids and Magnetic Fields,” Advances in
Condensed Matter Physics 2017, 1 (2017).
Wills “Quantum Effects in Biology,” Optics & Photonics News, April, 42 (2019).
REFERENCES

37. Thank You!
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Some of Adriana’s vídeos of
rainbows, sun rising, diffraction in
CDs, etc..., were done here!
Caraguatatuba city,
São Paulo, Brazil.
BTW, this could be a day of our
winter.