Ethics and Social Responsibility in Marketing Strategy 8C .docx
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Ethics and Social Responsibility in Marketing Strategy 8 C H A P T E R © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Grown in importance recently due to firms having problems in these areas Have become necessities due to: Stakeholder demands (especially customers) Ethical issues can become legal issues Improve marketing performance and profits Are important to the development of marketing strategy Ethics and Social Responsibility in Marketing Strategy 2 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Why is marketing ethics a strategic consideration in organizational decisions? Who is most important in managing marketing ethics: the individual or the firm’s leadership? Explain your answer. 3 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Social Responsibility A broad concept that relates to an organization’s obligation to maximize its positive impact on society while minimizing its negative impact Marketing Ethics Principles and standards that define acceptable marketing conduct as determined by the public, government regulators, private interest groups, competitors, and the firm itself Social Responsibility and Marketing Ethics 4 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility (Exhibit 8.1) 5 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Economic responsibility of making a profit Legal responsibility of obeying laws and regulations Ethical responsibility to uphold principals and standards Philanthropic responsibility to increase the firm’s positive impact on society Dimensions of Social Responsibility 6 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Programs designed to protect and preserve the natural environment Eco-friendly business practices Waste reduction Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions LEED building certification Green sourcing Green Marketing Creating customer relationships while also enhancing the natural environment Greenwashing – misleading consumers about the eco-friendly nature of products Sustainability 7 © 2014 Ceng ...
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Maintaining Long-Term Consumer Relationships
Developing the right marketing strategy for consumer relationship management.
Marketing Implementation and Control 9C H A P T E R© 201.docx
Marketing Implementation and Control
9
C H A P T E R
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The process of executing the marketing strategy by creating and performing specific actions that will ensure the achievement of the firm’s marketing objectives
Intricately tied to the marketing strategy. Both must be done well to achieve the firm’s objectives.
All firms have two strategies
Intended strategy – What the firm wants to happen
Realized strategy – The strategy that actually takes place
Marketing Implementation
2
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Interdependency
Implementation depends on strategy; strategy depends on implementation
Evolution
Planning and implementation must evolve over time because environmental factors constantly change.
There is no single, correct way to implement a strategy.
Separation
While planning is often done at the top of the organizational hierarchy, implementation occurs at the frontline of the firm.
The Link Between Planning and Implementation
3
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Separation of Planning and Implementation (Exhibit 9.1)
4
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Forget for a moment that planning the marketing strategy is equally as important as implementing the marketing strategy. What arguments can you make for one being more important than the other? Explain your answers.
5
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Marketing Strategy
How the firm plans to meet its goals and objectives
Shared Goals and Values
The “glue” of successful implementation
Marketing Structure
Formal lines of authority; how the firm is organized
Centralization vs. decentralization
Systems and Processes
Work activities that absorb inputs to create information and communication outputs that ensure the firm’s operation
The Elements of Marketing Implementation
6
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Resources
The firm’s tangible and intangible assets that can be used to implement the marketing strategy
People (Huma ...
Select a material that has a specific OSHA health standard. Discus.docx
Select a material that has a specific OSHA health standard. Discuss the standard with your class being sure to explain the elements of the standard, exposure limits, training requirements, respiratory protection requirements, medical surveillance, etc. Find a MSDS on the material and compare what you learn from the standard to the MSDS as well – let us know what company prepared the MSDS. What are the other regulatory limits (if any) from ACGIH and NIOSH or any others listed on the MSDS. What changes to the standard would you suggest?
The Marketing Program
6
C H A P T E R
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Marketing Program
The strategic combination of the four marketing mix elements
The product receives the most attention because it is most responsible for fulfilling the customers’ needs and wants.
Involves creating an offering that is an array of physical (tangible), service (intangible), and symbolic (perceptual) attributes designed to satisfy customers’ needs and wants
Due to commoditization, the core product typically becomes incapable of differentiating the offering.
Most organizations work to enhance the service and symbolic elements of their offerings to stand out in a crowded market.
Typically done by changing price, distribution, or promotion.
The Marketing Program
2
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Defines what the organization does and why it exists
A product offering’s real value comes from its ability to deliver benefits that enhance a customer’s situation or solve a customer’s problems.
Products fall into two general categories
Consumer products – for personal use and enjoyment
Business products – for resale, use in making other products, or use in a firm’s operations
Product Strategy
3
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Convenience Products
Shopping Products
Specialty Products
Unsought Products
Types of Consumer Products
(Exhibit 6.1)
4
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Raw Materials
Component Parts
Process Materials
Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Products
Accessory Equipment
Installations
Business Services
Types of Business Products
(Exhibit 6.1)
5
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Product Line
A group of closely related product items
Product Mix or Portfolio
The.
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14442645678.pptsdfghjkjdsaASDFGHJKLKJHGFDSASDFGHJKJHGFDSASERTYHUJKIUYT
sdfghjkjdsaASDFGHJKLKJHGFDSASDFGHJKJHGFDSASERTYHUJKIUYT
Maintaining Long-Term Consumer Relationships
Developing the right marketing strategy for consumer relationship management.
Marketing Implementation and Control 9C H A P T E R© 201.docx
Marketing Implementation and Control
9
C H A P T E R
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The process of executing the marketing strategy by creating and performing specific actions that will ensure the achievement of the firm’s marketing objectives
Intricately tied to the marketing strategy. Both must be done well to achieve the firm’s objectives.
All firms have two strategies
Intended strategy – What the firm wants to happen
Realized strategy – The strategy that actually takes place
Marketing Implementation
2
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Interdependency
Implementation depends on strategy; strategy depends on implementation
Evolution
Planning and implementation must evolve over time because environmental factors constantly change.
There is no single, correct way to implement a strategy.
Separation
While planning is often done at the top of the organizational hierarchy, implementation occurs at the frontline of the firm.
The Link Between Planning and Implementation
3
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Separation of Planning and Implementation (Exhibit 9.1)
4
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Forget for a moment that planning the marketing strategy is equally as important as implementing the marketing strategy. What arguments can you make for one being more important than the other? Explain your answers.
5
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Marketing Strategy
How the firm plans to meet its goals and objectives
Shared Goals and Values
The “glue” of successful implementation
Marketing Structure
Formal lines of authority; how the firm is organized
Centralization vs. decentralization
Systems and Processes
Work activities that absorb inputs to create information and communication outputs that ensure the firm’s operation
The Elements of Marketing Implementation
6
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Resources
The firm’s tangible and intangible assets that can be used to implement the marketing strategy
People (Huma ...
Select a material that has a specific OSHA health standard. Discus.docx
Select a material that has a specific OSHA health standard. Discuss the standard with your class being sure to explain the elements of the standard, exposure limits, training requirements, respiratory protection requirements, medical surveillance, etc. Find a MSDS on the material and compare what you learn from the standard to the MSDS as well – let us know what company prepared the MSDS. What are the other regulatory limits (if any) from ACGIH and NIOSH or any others listed on the MSDS. What changes to the standard would you suggest?
The Marketing Program
6
C H A P T E R
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Marketing Program
The strategic combination of the four marketing mix elements
The product receives the most attention because it is most responsible for fulfilling the customers’ needs and wants.
Involves creating an offering that is an array of physical (tangible), service (intangible), and symbolic (perceptual) attributes designed to satisfy customers’ needs and wants
Due to commoditization, the core product typically becomes incapable of differentiating the offering.
Most organizations work to enhance the service and symbolic elements of their offerings to stand out in a crowded market.
Typically done by changing price, distribution, or promotion.
The Marketing Program
2
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Defines what the organization does and why it exists
A product offering’s real value comes from its ability to deliver benefits that enhance a customer’s situation or solve a customer’s problems.
Products fall into two general categories
Consumer products – for personal use and enjoyment
Business products – for resale, use in making other products, or use in a firm’s operations
Product Strategy
3
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Convenience Products
Shopping Products
Specialty Products
Unsought Products
Types of Consumer Products
(Exhibit 6.1)
4
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Raw Materials
Component Parts
Process Materials
Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Products
Accessory Equipment
Installations
Business Services
Types of Business Products
(Exhibit 6.1)
5
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Product Line
A group of closely related product items
Product Mix or Portfolio
The.
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The Marketing Program 6C H A P T E R© 2014 Cengage Learn.docx
The Marketing Program
6
C H A P T E R
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Marketing Program
The strategic combination of the four marketing mix elements
The product receives the most attention because it is most responsible for fulfilling the customers’ needs and wants.
Involves creating an offering that is an array of physical (tangible), service (intangible), and symbolic (perceptual) attributes designed to satisfy customers’ needs and wants
Due to commoditization, the core product typically becomes incapable of differentiating the offering.
Most organizations work to enhance the service and symbolic elements of their offerings to stand out in a crowded market.
Typically done by changing price, distribution, or promotion.
The Marketing Program
2
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Defines what the organization does and why it exists
A product offering’s real value comes from its ability to deliver benefits that enhance a customer’s situation or solve a customer’s problems.
Products fall into two general categories
Consumer products – for personal use and enjoyment
Business products – for resale, use in making other products, or use in a firm’s operations
Product Strategy
3
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Convenience Products
Shopping Products
Specialty Products
Unsought Products
Types of Consumer Products
(Exhibit 6.1)
4
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Raw Materials
Component Parts
Process Materials
Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Products
Accessory Equipment
Installations
Business Services
Types of Business Products
(Exhibit 6.1)
5
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Product Line
A group of closely related product items
Product Mix or Portfolio
The total group of products offered by the firm
Strategic Decisions
Variety – number of product lines offered
Assortment – depth of each product line
The Product Portfolio
6
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
P&G’s Portfolio of Household Care Products (Exhibit 6.2)
7
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. ...
A manufacturing company produces electrical insulators. if the ins.docx
A manufacturing company produces electrical insulators. if the insulators break when in use , a short circuit is likely to occur. to test the strength of the insulators, destructive testing is carried out to determine how much force is required to break the insulators. force is measured by observing the number of pounds of force applied to the insulator before it breaks. the following data are from 30 insulators subjected to this testing. (can you do it in Excel)
1,870 1,728 1,656 1,610 1,634 1,784 1,522 1,696 1,592 1,662
1,866 1,764 1,734 1,662 1,734 1,774 1,550 1,756 1,762 1,866
1,820 1,744 1,788 1,688 1,810 1,752 1,680 1,810 1,652 1,736
a, At the 0.05 level of significance ,is there evidence that the population mean force
is greater than 1,500 pounds?
b, What assumption about the population distribution is needed in order to conduct
the t test in (a)
c, Construct a histogram boxplot , or normal probability plot to evaluate the
assumption made i (b)
d, Do you think that the assumption needed in order to conduct the t est in (a)
is valid ? Explain.
1
Customers, Segmentation, and Target Marketing
5
C H A P T E R
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Concerned with the individuals, institutions, or groups of individuals or institutions that have similar needs that can be met by a particular product offering
The goal is to identify specific customer needs, then design a marketing program that can satisfy those needs.
The firm must have a comprehensive understanding of its current and potential customers, including their motivations, behaviors, needs, and wants.
Segmentation is critical to the success of most firms and has helped improve our standard of living.
Segmentation and Target Marketing
2
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Often irrational and unpredictable
Can progress through five stages (see next slide)
Does not always follow these stages in sequence
Strong brand loyalty can move consumers directly from need to purchase.
Includes parallel decisions
“What” to buy
“Where” to buy
Buyer Behavior in Consumer Markets
3
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Need Recognition
Information Search
Evaluation of Alternatives
Purchase Decision
Postpurchase Evaluation
The Consumer Buying Process
(Exhibit 5.1)
4
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Need
Occurs when the consumer’s existing level of satisfaction does not .
Chapter 2 Business Ethics andSocial ResponsibilityIts Le.docx
Chapter 2
Business Ethics and
Social Responsibility
Its Legal, Ethical, and
Global Environment
Marianne M. Jennings
Business
11th Ed.
©2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
0
2-1
Examples:
Underinflated football issue in the NFL
Turing increases drug price by 5000%
Uber’s billing policies
Definition: normative standards, generally accepted rules of conduct that govern society
What Is Ethics?
©2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
2-2
What Is Ethics?
What is “fair”?
What if something “just doesn’t seem right” or “That’s just not fair”?
Discuss seeing two movies for the price of one
Disclosing your salary cut after the loan application is submitted
Telling the clerk you received too much change
©2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
2
2-3
Normative Standards
Normative Standards
How we behave, on average
How we treat each other
Expectations on contracts beyond legal interpretation
©2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
3
Normative Standards
Applying Standards of Ethical Reasoning to Business Dilemmas
Ethical standard is established
Individual ethical standards differ
Debate over sources of ethical standards
Evaluate ethical standards and conflicts as new data appear
2-4
©2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
Normative Standards
There is no statute on cutting in line, but we do honor that normative standard
We refer to adultery as “cheating” because the normative standard is that such relationships breach the social norm
We refer to “cheating” on exams as well
2-5
©2017 Cengage Learning®. May no ...
Chapter 2Strategy and HumanResources PlanningCopyright
Chapter 2
Strategy and Human
Resources Planning
Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning Outcomes
Explain how human resources planning and a firm’s mission, vision, and values are integrally linked to its strategy
Understand how an organization’s external environment influences its strategic planning
Understand why it is important for an organization to do an internal resource analysis
Explain the linkages between competitive strategies and HR
2
Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning Outcomes
Understand what is required for a firm to successfully implement a strategy and assess its effectiveness
Describe how firms evaluate their strategies and HR implementation
3
Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Strategic Planning and Human Resources
Strategic planning
Procedures for making decisions about the organization’s long-term goals and strategies
Human resources planning (HRP)
Process of anticipating and providing for the movement of people into, within, and out of an organization
4
Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
4
Strategic Human Resources Management (SHRM)
Pattern of human resources deployments and activities that enable an organization to achieve its strategic goals
Combines strategic planning and HR planning
Strategy formulation - Provides input as to what is possible given the types and numbers of people available
Strategy implementation - Makes resource allocation decisions to implement the devised strategy
5
Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
5
Alignment of HRP and Strategic Planning
Two-way process
A firm’s HR strategy follows the business strategy and helps implement it
People, culture, and climate of a company constrain a firm’s ability to achieve strategically
6
Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Step One: Mission, Vision, and Values
Mission
Basic purpose of the organization and its scope of operations
Strategic vision
Clarifies the long-term direction of the company and its strategic intent
Core values
Strong and enduring beliefs and principles that the company uses as ...
Chapter 9Corporate-Level Strategy Horizontal Integration, Ver
Chapter 9
Corporate-Level Strategy: Horizontal Integration, Vertical Integration, and Strategic Outsourcing
©2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning objectives
Discuss how corporate-level strategy can be used to strengthen a company’s business model and business-level strategies.
Define horizontal integration and discuss the primary advantages and disadvantages associated with this corporate-level strategy.
2
©2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning objectives
Explain the difference between a company’s internal value chain and the industry value chain.
Describe why, and under what conditions, cooperative relationships such as strategic alliances and outsourcing may become a substitute for vertical integration.
3
©2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Corporate-Level Strategy
and the Multibusiness Model
Corporate-level strategies should be chosen to promote the success of its business-level strategies.
This allows a firm to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage, leading to higher profitability.
4
©2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Corporate-Level Strategy
and the Multibusiness Model
Levels of business model:
Business model and strategies for each business unit or division in every industry in which it competes
Higher-level multibusiness model that justifies its entry into different businesses and industries
5
©2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Horizontal Integration
Acquiring or merging with industry competitors to achieve the competitive advantages that arise from a large size and scope of operations
Acquisition: Company uses its capital resources to purchase another company.
Merger: Agreement between two companies to pool their resources and operations and join together to better compete in a business or industry.
6
©2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Benefits of Horizontal Integration
Lowers the cost structure
Increases product differentiation
Leverages a competitive advantage
Reduces rivalry within the industry
Increases bargaining power over suppliers and buyers
7
©2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Problems with Horizontal Integration
Difficult to implement
Conflict with the Federal Trade Commission ( ...
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Mg 101 organizational environment ppt-1st sem 2014-15
Mg 101 organizational environment ppt-1st sem 2014-15
Assignment Mini Powerpoint #1 Choose one of the following main .docx
Assignment Mini Powerpoint #1:
Choose one of the following main life history/life course stages:
1) Gestation 2) Infancy 3) Child or Juvenile Growth/Health 4) Adolescence-start sexual maturity 5)Adulthood- Reproductive Health or 6) Aging/Senescence.
Create a 3-5 slide powerpoint presentation describing one specific health topic of interest from within your chosen stage utilizing a biocultural context (exs: obesity in childhood, infertility in reproductive health, aging and dementia). Your powerpoint is due online Canvas by Sunday Jan 26th 11:59pm. Please include APA style citations within each slide as follows (Mucha, 2020) and as last slide reference list (full citation).
Chapter
© 2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
4
Managing Ethical and Social Responsibility Challenges in Multinational Companies
© 2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
Learning Objectives (1 of 2)Know the definitions of international business ethics and social responsibility.Understand some basic principles of ethical philosophy relevant to business ethics.Understand how social institutions and national culture affect ethical decision making and management.Understand the implications of using ethical relativism and ethical universalism in ethics management.
© 2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
Learning Objectives (2 of 2)Identify the basic principles and consequences of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.Understand how international agreements affect international business ethics.Understand the differences among economic, legal, and ethical analyses of business problemsDevelop skills in international decision making with ethical consequences.
© 2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
Ethical Challenges Facing MNCs WorldwideEvery Multinational company faces ethical challenges when operating in a foreign country: ...
Individual Organization Relations and RetentionCHAPTER 514e.docx
Individual/ Organization Relations and Retention
CHAPTER 5
14e
Human Resource
Management
Robert L. Mathis | John H. Jackson | Sean R. Valentine
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
Learning Objectives
Discuss four different views of motivation at work
Explain the nature of the psychological contract
Define the difference between job satisfaction and engagement
Chapter Objectives
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
Learning Objectives
Identify a system for controlling absenteeism
Describe different kinds of turnover and how turnover can be measured
Summarize the ways of managing retention
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
Individual Performance Factors
Individual’s ability to do the work
Effort expended
Organizational support
Performance (P) = Ability (A) x Effort (E) x Support (S)
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
Figure 5.1 - Components of Individual Performance
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
Individual Motivation
Motivation: Desire within a person causing that person to act
Influences of motivation
Performance
Reaction to compensation
Turnover
Other HR concerns
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
Approaches to Understanding Motivation
Need theory
Maslow classified human needs into five categories
Physiological needs
Safety and security needs
Belonging and love needs
Esteem needs
Self-actualization needs
Until the more basic needs are adequately fulfilled, a person will not fully strive to meet higher needs
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
Approaches to Understanding Motivation
Two factor theory
Frederick Herzberg’s motivation/hygiene theory assumes that one group of factors, motivators, accounts for motivation
But hygiene factors can cause dissatisfacti.
Green Business Screening 101: How to Earn the Green America Seal of Approval
Some of you may have heard about our business screening process, but don't know how to get started. Others may have started the process, but can't quite seem to finish. Now is the time to submit your application if you want to be eligible for a listing in the 2011 National Green Pages. The deadline for consideration in our signature publication is May 14th, 2010.
Don't fret -- we'll help you do it through this "Screening 101" conversation with our Senior Researcher and Screening Director. They will walk you through the application, offer the Top 5 helpful hints, and answer your burning questions.
External Factor Analysis Summary (EFAS Table)External Factors.docx
External Factor Analysis Summary (EFAS Table)
External Factors
Weight
Rating
Weighted Score
Comments
Opportunities
· Electronic Ticketing
· Better Security
· Social mobility
Threats
· Inflation
· Slow Economic Growth
· Unemployment
TOTAL SCORES
.20
.20
.10
.20
.20
.10
1.00
5.0
4.5
3.9
5.0
4.3
4.0
1.0
.90
.39
1.0
.86
.40
4.55
· Has the highest impact
· Has the highest impact
· Has a slightly higher impact
· Has the highest effect
· Has the highest effect
· Has a slightly higher effect
Internal Factor Analysis Summary (IFAS Table)
Internal Factors
Weight
Rating
Weighted Score
Comments
Strengths
· Cost leadership
· Fair Treatment of employees
· Shortest and cheapest travel time
· Ahead of Technology
Weaknesses
· Court battles
· Staff shortage
· Lack of first class section
· Absence of meal service
· Extra duties for flight attendants
TOTAL SCORES
.20
.15
.05
.10
.20
.20
.15
.05
.05
.05
1.00
5.0
4.5
4.0
5.0
4.3
5.0
4.0
3.5
2.5
3.7
1.0
.68
.20
.50
.86
1.0
.60
.18
.13
.19
3.66
· Distinctive competence
· Core competence
· Important at present
· Important in the future
· Most likely
· Has higher effects
· The likelihood is minimal
· Less likely
· Likely
...
Exploring Online Consumer Behaviors.docx
Exploring Online Consumer Behaviors
John A. Smith and Jane L. Doe
Liberty University
References
Janda, S. (2008). Does gender moderate the effect of online concerns on purchase likelihood? Journal of Internet Commerce, 7(3), 339-358. doi:10.1080/15332860802250401
Jeon, S., Crutsinger, C., & Kim, H. (2008). Exploring online auction behaviors and motivations. Journal of Family and Consumer Sciences, 100(2), 31-40. Retrieved by http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/docview/218160218
Koyuncu, C., & Lien, D. (2003). E-commerce and consumer's purchasing behaviour. Applied Economics, 35(6), 721. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA102272684&v=2.1&u=vic_liberty&it=r&p=AONE&sw=w
Kukar-Kinney,M.,Monroe, K.B.,Ridgway,N.M. (2008). The relationship between consumers’ tendencies to buy compulsively and their motivations to shop and buy on the internet. Journal of Retailing: Consumer Behavior and Retailing, 85(3), 298-307. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org. ezproxy.liberty.edu: 2048/10.1016/j.jretai.2009.05.002
Stibel, J. (2005). Mental models and online consumer behaviour. Behaviour & Information Technology, 24(2), 147-150. doi:10.1080/01449290512331321901
Vazquez,D., & Xu,X.(2009). Investigation linkages between online purchase behavior variables. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 37(5), 408-419. doi:10.1108/09590550910954900
Abstract Comment by user: Double space between all lines of the manuscript. This includes the elimination of any extra spacing before or after the paragraph (APA Manual 5.03). The default setting in Microsoft Word is to add extra spacing after paragraphs. You can change this setting under the page layout tab in Microsoft Word.
Internet usage has skyrocketed in the past few decades, along with this increase comes the increase in internet shopping by consumers. This research examines the behaviors, motivations, and attitudes of this new form of consumer entity. Online consumer behavior has been studied for over 20 years and will undoubtedly be the source of many future researches as internet consumerism expands. This paper will examine the following research questions: (1) How do factors previously researched affect the online purchasing behavior of consumers and (2) what are the significant consumer behaviors both positive and negative that affect internet consumerism? By identifying these factors and variables, new strategies can be formulated and both consumer and supplier can gain knowledge and understanding of behaviors which exist. The purpose of this research paper is to integrate the varied research information together and draw coherent linkages to how consumer thoughts, attitudes and motivational behavior affect online buying, thus building a broader framework of analysis in which to build upon. Comment by user:
APA style uses one inch margins. Paragraphs should be indented five to seven spaces (about 1/2 inch ...
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The Marketing Program 6C H A P T E R© 2014 Cengage Learn.docx
The Marketing Program
6
C H A P T E R
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Marketing Program
The strategic combination of the four marketing mix elements
The product receives the most attention because it is most responsible for fulfilling the customers’ needs and wants.
Involves creating an offering that is an array of physical (tangible), service (intangible), and symbolic (perceptual) attributes designed to satisfy customers’ needs and wants
Due to commoditization, the core product typically becomes incapable of differentiating the offering.
Most organizations work to enhance the service and symbolic elements of their offerings to stand out in a crowded market.
Typically done by changing price, distribution, or promotion.
The Marketing Program
2
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Defines what the organization does and why it exists
A product offering’s real value comes from its ability to deliver benefits that enhance a customer’s situation or solve a customer’s problems.
Products fall into two general categories
Consumer products – for personal use and enjoyment
Business products – for resale, use in making other products, or use in a firm’s operations
Product Strategy
3
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Convenience Products
Shopping Products
Specialty Products
Unsought Products
Types of Consumer Products
(Exhibit 6.1)
4
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Raw Materials
Component Parts
Process Materials
Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Products
Accessory Equipment
Installations
Business Services
Types of Business Products
(Exhibit 6.1)
5
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Product Line
A group of closely related product items
Product Mix or Portfolio
The total group of products offered by the firm
Strategic Decisions
Variety – number of product lines offered
Assortment – depth of each product line
The Product Portfolio
6
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
P&G’s Portfolio of Household Care Products (Exhibit 6.2)
7
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. ...
A manufacturing company produces electrical insulators. if the ins.docx
A manufacturing company produces electrical insulators. if the insulators break when in use , a short circuit is likely to occur. to test the strength of the insulators, destructive testing is carried out to determine how much force is required to break the insulators. force is measured by observing the number of pounds of force applied to the insulator before it breaks. the following data are from 30 insulators subjected to this testing. (can you do it in Excel)
1,870 1,728 1,656 1,610 1,634 1,784 1,522 1,696 1,592 1,662
1,866 1,764 1,734 1,662 1,734 1,774 1,550 1,756 1,762 1,866
1,820 1,744 1,788 1,688 1,810 1,752 1,680 1,810 1,652 1,736
a, At the 0.05 level of significance ,is there evidence that the population mean force
is greater than 1,500 pounds?
b, What assumption about the population distribution is needed in order to conduct
the t test in (a)
c, Construct a histogram boxplot , or normal probability plot to evaluate the
assumption made i (b)
d, Do you think that the assumption needed in order to conduct the t est in (a)
is valid ? Explain.
1
Customers, Segmentation, and Target Marketing
5
C H A P T E R
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Concerned with the individuals, institutions, or groups of individuals or institutions that have similar needs that can be met by a particular product offering
The goal is to identify specific customer needs, then design a marketing program that can satisfy those needs.
The firm must have a comprehensive understanding of its current and potential customers, including their motivations, behaviors, needs, and wants.
Segmentation is critical to the success of most firms and has helped improve our standard of living.
Segmentation and Target Marketing
2
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Often irrational and unpredictable
Can progress through five stages (see next slide)
Does not always follow these stages in sequence
Strong brand loyalty can move consumers directly from need to purchase.
Includes parallel decisions
“What” to buy
“Where” to buy
Buyer Behavior in Consumer Markets
3
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Need Recognition
Information Search
Evaluation of Alternatives
Purchase Decision
Postpurchase Evaluation
The Consumer Buying Process
(Exhibit 5.1)
4
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Need
Occurs when the consumer’s existing level of satisfaction does not .
Chapter 2 Business Ethics andSocial ResponsibilityIts Le.docx
Chapter 2
Business Ethics and
Social Responsibility
Its Legal, Ethical, and
Global Environment
Marianne M. Jennings
Business
11th Ed.
©2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
0
2-1
Examples:
Underinflated football issue in the NFL
Turing increases drug price by 5000%
Uber’s billing policies
Definition: normative standards, generally accepted rules of conduct that govern society
What Is Ethics?
©2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
2-2
What Is Ethics?
What is “fair”?
What if something “just doesn’t seem right” or “That’s just not fair”?
Discuss seeing two movies for the price of one
Disclosing your salary cut after the loan application is submitted
Telling the clerk you received too much change
©2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
2
2-3
Normative Standards
Normative Standards
How we behave, on average
How we treat each other
Expectations on contracts beyond legal interpretation
©2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
3
Normative Standards
Applying Standards of Ethical Reasoning to Business Dilemmas
Ethical standard is established
Individual ethical standards differ
Debate over sources of ethical standards
Evaluate ethical standards and conflicts as new data appear
2-4
©2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
Normative Standards
There is no statute on cutting in line, but we do honor that normative standard
We refer to adultery as “cheating” because the normative standard is that such relationships breach the social norm
We refer to “cheating” on exams as well
2-5
©2017 Cengage Learning®. May no ...
Chapter 2Strategy and HumanResources PlanningCopyright
Chapter 2
Strategy and Human
Resources Planning
Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning Outcomes
Explain how human resources planning and a firm’s mission, vision, and values are integrally linked to its strategy
Understand how an organization’s external environment influences its strategic planning
Understand why it is important for an organization to do an internal resource analysis
Explain the linkages between competitive strategies and HR
2
Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning Outcomes
Understand what is required for a firm to successfully implement a strategy and assess its effectiveness
Describe how firms evaluate their strategies and HR implementation
3
Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Strategic Planning and Human Resources
Strategic planning
Procedures for making decisions about the organization’s long-term goals and strategies
Human resources planning (HRP)
Process of anticipating and providing for the movement of people into, within, and out of an organization
4
Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
4
Strategic Human Resources Management (SHRM)
Pattern of human resources deployments and activities that enable an organization to achieve its strategic goals
Combines strategic planning and HR planning
Strategy formulation - Provides input as to what is possible given the types and numbers of people available
Strategy implementation - Makes resource allocation decisions to implement the devised strategy
5
Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
5
Alignment of HRP and Strategic Planning
Two-way process
A firm’s HR strategy follows the business strategy and helps implement it
People, culture, and climate of a company constrain a firm’s ability to achieve strategically
6
Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Step One: Mission, Vision, and Values
Mission
Basic purpose of the organization and its scope of operations
Strategic vision
Clarifies the long-term direction of the company and its strategic intent
Core values
Strong and enduring beliefs and principles that the company uses as ...
Chapter 9Corporate-Level Strategy Horizontal Integration, Ver
Chapter 9
Corporate-Level Strategy: Horizontal Integration, Vertical Integration, and Strategic Outsourcing
©2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning objectives
Discuss how corporate-level strategy can be used to strengthen a company’s business model and business-level strategies.
Define horizontal integration and discuss the primary advantages and disadvantages associated with this corporate-level strategy.
2
©2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning objectives
Explain the difference between a company’s internal value chain and the industry value chain.
Describe why, and under what conditions, cooperative relationships such as strategic alliances and outsourcing may become a substitute for vertical integration.
3
©2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Corporate-Level Strategy
and the Multibusiness Model
Corporate-level strategies should be chosen to promote the success of its business-level strategies.
This allows a firm to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage, leading to higher profitability.
4
©2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Corporate-Level Strategy
and the Multibusiness Model
Levels of business model:
Business model and strategies for each business unit or division in every industry in which it competes
Higher-level multibusiness model that justifies its entry into different businesses and industries
5
©2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Horizontal Integration
Acquiring or merging with industry competitors to achieve the competitive advantages that arise from a large size and scope of operations
Acquisition: Company uses its capital resources to purchase another company.
Merger: Agreement between two companies to pool their resources and operations and join together to better compete in a business or industry.
6
©2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Benefits of Horizontal Integration
Lowers the cost structure
Increases product differentiation
Leverages a competitive advantage
Reduces rivalry within the industry
Increases bargaining power over suppliers and buyers
7
©2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Problems with Horizontal Integration
Difficult to implement
Conflict with the Federal Trade Commission ( ...
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Mg 101 organizational environment ppt-1st sem 2014-15
Mg 101 organizational environment ppt-1st sem 2014-15
Assignment Mini Powerpoint #1 Choose one of the following main .docx
Assignment Mini Powerpoint #1:
Choose one of the following main life history/life course stages:
1) Gestation 2) Infancy 3) Child or Juvenile Growth/Health 4) Adolescence-start sexual maturity 5)Adulthood- Reproductive Health or 6) Aging/Senescence.
Create a 3-5 slide powerpoint presentation describing one specific health topic of interest from within your chosen stage utilizing a biocultural context (exs: obesity in childhood, infertility in reproductive health, aging and dementia). Your powerpoint is due online Canvas by Sunday Jan 26th 11:59pm. Please include APA style citations within each slide as follows (Mucha, 2020) and as last slide reference list (full citation).
Chapter
© 2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
4
Managing Ethical and Social Responsibility Challenges in Multinational Companies
© 2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
Learning Objectives (1 of 2)Know the definitions of international business ethics and social responsibility.Understand some basic principles of ethical philosophy relevant to business ethics.Understand how social institutions and national culture affect ethical decision making and management.Understand the implications of using ethical relativism and ethical universalism in ethics management.
© 2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
Learning Objectives (2 of 2)Identify the basic principles and consequences of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.Understand how international agreements affect international business ethics.Understand the differences among economic, legal, and ethical analyses of business problemsDevelop skills in international decision making with ethical consequences.
© 2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.
Ethical Challenges Facing MNCs WorldwideEvery Multinational company faces ethical challenges when operating in a foreign country: ...
Individual Organization Relations and RetentionCHAPTER 514e.docx
Individual/ Organization Relations and Retention
CHAPTER 5
14e
Human Resource
Management
Robert L. Mathis | John H. Jackson | Sean R. Valentine
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
Learning Objectives
Discuss four different views of motivation at work
Explain the nature of the psychological contract
Define the difference between job satisfaction and engagement
Chapter Objectives
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
Learning Objectives
Identify a system for controlling absenteeism
Describe different kinds of turnover and how turnover can be measured
Summarize the ways of managing retention
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
Individual Performance Factors
Individual’s ability to do the work
Effort expended
Organizational support
Performance (P) = Ability (A) x Effort (E) x Support (S)
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
Figure 5.1 - Components of Individual Performance
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
Individual Motivation
Motivation: Desire within a person causing that person to act
Influences of motivation
Performance
Reaction to compensation
Turnover
Other HR concerns
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
Approaches to Understanding Motivation
Need theory
Maslow classified human needs into five categories
Physiological needs
Safety and security needs
Belonging and love needs
Esteem needs
Self-actualization needs
Until the more basic needs are adequately fulfilled, a person will not fully strive to meet higher needs
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible Web site, in whole or in part.
Approaches to Understanding Motivation
Two factor theory
Frederick Herzberg’s motivation/hygiene theory assumes that one group of factors, motivators, accounts for motivation
But hygiene factors can cause dissatisfacti.
Green Business Screening 101: How to Earn the Green America Seal of Approval
Some of you may have heard about our business screening process, but don't know how to get started. Others may have started the process, but can't quite seem to finish. Now is the time to submit your application if you want to be eligible for a listing in the 2011 National Green Pages. The deadline for consideration in our signature publication is May 14th, 2010.
Don't fret -- we'll help you do it through this "Screening 101" conversation with our Senior Researcher and Screening Director. They will walk you through the application, offer the Top 5 helpful hints, and answer your burning questions.
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Mg 101 organizational environment ppt-1st sem 2014-15
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Assignment Mini Powerpoint #1 Choose one of the following main .docx
Assignment Mini Powerpoint #1 Choose one of the following main .docx
Individual Organization Relations and RetentionCHAPTER 514e.docx
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External Factor Analysis Summary (EFAS Table)External Factors.docx
External Factor Analysis Summary (EFAS Table)
External Factors
Weight
Rating
Weighted Score
Comments
Opportunities
· Electronic Ticketing
· Better Security
· Social mobility
Threats
· Inflation
· Slow Economic Growth
· Unemployment
TOTAL SCORES
.20
.20
.10
.20
.20
.10
1.00
5.0
4.5
3.9
5.0
4.3
4.0
1.0
.90
.39
1.0
.86
.40
4.55
· Has the highest impact
· Has the highest impact
· Has a slightly higher impact
· Has the highest effect
· Has the highest effect
· Has a slightly higher effect
Internal Factor Analysis Summary (IFAS Table)
Internal Factors
Weight
Rating
Weighted Score
Comments
Strengths
· Cost leadership
· Fair Treatment of employees
· Shortest and cheapest travel time
· Ahead of Technology
Weaknesses
· Court battles
· Staff shortage
· Lack of first class section
· Absence of meal service
· Extra duties for flight attendants
TOTAL SCORES
.20
.15
.05
.10
.20
.20
.15
.05
.05
.05
1.00
5.0
4.5
4.0
5.0
4.3
5.0
4.0
3.5
2.5
3.7
1.0
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.19
3.66
· Distinctive competence
· Core competence
· Important at present
· Important in the future
· Most likely
· Has higher effects
· The likelihood is minimal
· Less likely
· Likely
...
Exploring Online Consumer Behaviors.docx
Exploring Online Consumer Behaviors
John A. Smith and Jane L. Doe
Liberty University
References
Janda, S. (2008). Does gender moderate the effect of online concerns on purchase likelihood? Journal of Internet Commerce, 7(3), 339-358. doi:10.1080/15332860802250401
Jeon, S., Crutsinger, C., & Kim, H. (2008). Exploring online auction behaviors and motivations. Journal of Family and Consumer Sciences, 100(2), 31-40. Retrieved by http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/docview/218160218
Koyuncu, C., & Lien, D. (2003). E-commerce and consumer's purchasing behaviour. Applied Economics, 35(6), 721. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA102272684&v=2.1&u=vic_liberty&it=r&p=AONE&sw=w
Kukar-Kinney,M.,Monroe, K.B.,Ridgway,N.M. (2008). The relationship between consumers’ tendencies to buy compulsively and their motivations to shop and buy on the internet. Journal of Retailing: Consumer Behavior and Retailing, 85(3), 298-307. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org. ezproxy.liberty.edu: 2048/10.1016/j.jretai.2009.05.002
Stibel, J. (2005). Mental models and online consumer behaviour. Behaviour & Information Technology, 24(2), 147-150. doi:10.1080/01449290512331321901
Vazquez,D., & Xu,X.(2009). Investigation linkages between online purchase behavior variables. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 37(5), 408-419. doi:10.1108/09590550910954900
Abstract Comment by user: Double space between all lines of the manuscript. This includes the elimination of any extra spacing before or after the paragraph (APA Manual 5.03). The default setting in Microsoft Word is to add extra spacing after paragraphs. You can change this setting under the page layout tab in Microsoft Word.
Internet usage has skyrocketed in the past few decades, along with this increase comes the increase in internet shopping by consumers. This research examines the behaviors, motivations, and attitudes of this new form of consumer entity. Online consumer behavior has been studied for over 20 years and will undoubtedly be the source of many future researches as internet consumerism expands. This paper will examine the following research questions: (1) How do factors previously researched affect the online purchasing behavior of consumers and (2) what are the significant consumer behaviors both positive and negative that affect internet consumerism? By identifying these factors and variables, new strategies can be formulated and both consumer and supplier can gain knowledge and understanding of behaviors which exist. The purpose of this research paper is to integrate the varied research information together and draw coherent linkages to how consumer thoughts, attitudes and motivational behavior affect online buying, thus building a broader framework of analysis in which to build upon. Comment by user:
APA style uses one inch margins. Paragraphs should be indented five to seven spaces (about 1/2 inch ...
External and Internal Analysis 8Extern.docx
External and Internal Analysis 8
External and Internal Environmental Analysis
STR/581
Professor Alfonso Rodriguez
July 30, 2014
Sheila Medina
Introduction
Coffee has become an integral part of the lives of numerous people. In 1971, Starbucks coffee opened its first coffee shop in the Pike Place Market in Seattle, Washington. Now, according to research “Starbucks Corporation is the leading retailer, roaster and brand of specialty coffee in the world, with more than 6,000 retail locations in North America, Latin America, Europe, the Middle East and the Pacific Rim” (www.investor.starbucks.com). Starbucks aims to be the consumer’s favorite coffee shop and to achieve this the company focused on customer satisfaction as well as company advancement. Therefore, it is important to act based on what is written in Starbucks mission, value and vision statement, “To inspire and nurture the human spirit-one person, one cup, and one neighborhood at a time” (www.starbucks.com).
A review of Starbucks financial reports has identified an increase in revenue over the past few years. However, this increase in revenue doesn’t account for the increase in profits. The profit increase is not as high as it could be due to external factors such as other coffee shops and the increase in amount of competition. This report aims to identify the different internal and external environment factors attributing to the changes in Starbucks external environment by utilizing several different analyses.
SWOT Analysis
Strengths
Starbucks possesses several main strengths including their high visibility being located in high traffic areas, quality of service and products and their established brand loyalty. Starbucks remains an established leader being the number one known coffee house in the world while possessing a competent workforce, providing quality service, and continuing financial soundness. They also are known for their strong internal and external relationships with their suppliers.
Weakness
Weaknesses that Starbucks must address include: Product affordability and pricing, coffee beans price is the major influence over the firms profits, maintaining the positive public opinion of their products, avoiding any negative publicity, and remaining connected to their customers. Starbucks must also consider the fact they have expanded domestically and internationally resulting in saturation of the markets. They are also a non-smoking facility alienating some customers from purchasing coffee or other products from their store.
Opportunities
Opportunities include the ability for Starbucks to enter into different and new markets,
partnership opportunities with businesses, growing acceptance and customer satisfaction, and increase different product offerings. Starbucks must strive to continue expanding their products and food service to remain competitive and reach other consumers. Another option would be for Starbucks to allow consumers to order t ...
Exploring Music Concert Paper Guidelines Instructions.docx
Exploring Music
Concert Paper Guidelines
Instructions
1) Choose. Pick a classical music concert from the list provided on Blackboard. Sign up and buy tickets.
2) Research. Using reputable sources, learn about the composers and music featured at the concert. I
recommend searching Google for program notes from major orchestras.
3) Write. Write a typed, double-spaced, 2 -3 page research paper, including properly formatted citations
using APA, MLA, or Chicago style. This must be done before you attend the concert.
4) Cite. Cite your sources using in-text citations. Include a works cited list with full citations using MLA,
APA, or Chicago. If you don’t know how to do this, read this.
5) Submit. Turn in your research paper under the “concerts” tab in Blackboard 2 days before the concert
date. It will be checked for plagiarism.
6) Go. Plan ahead. Dress appropriately. Get to your concert on time. If you’re late, you might not get in.
7) Listen. Use active listening during the concert. (See “at the concert” below.)
8) Smile. Take a selfie or have someone take a picture of you that clearly shows that you were at the
concert. In the lobby during intermission is a good time for this! Save your ticket and program.
9) Interview. Talk to someone at the concert. Ask them why they came and what they thought.
10) Write. Add a “part two” to your research paper. This second part should be a typed, double-spaced, 2-3
page reaction paper to your concert. Talk about what you thought, show off your active listening skills,
and include the results of your interview.
11) Add. Add your concert picture to the last page of your paper. If you don’t have this, I can’t accept the
paper for credit. Staple your ticket to your paper.
12) Submit. Turn in a hard copy of your complete paper (research part AND reaction part with picture and
ticket) in class on or before the due dates indicated.
At The Concert: Active Listening
Choose one piece from your concert to analyze. Identify the meter, texture, and two other musical elements.
Reflect on the music. What emotions do you get from that piece? Does it spark anything in your imagination?
Does it remind you of anything? What is it about the music that creates those feelings and ideas?
Interview a fellow attendee after the show or during intermission. Ask why they came and what they thought.
WARNING
DO NOT OVER-USE DIRECT QUOTATIONS. If your paper has more than 50 words that are directly quoted, I will
return the paper to you, ungraded. Quotes can be useful, but you have to know when and how to use them!
Blend your quotes within your narrative. Paraphrase when appropriate. Read this.
DO NOT PLAGIARIZE. All sources, even if they are only alluded to or paraphrased, must be cited.
http://guides.temple.edu/c.php?g=77953&p=528593
http://www.temple.edu/writingctr/support-for-writers/documents/BecominganEffectiveWriterinCollege.pdf
http://www.bibme. ...
Expo 12 Discussion QuestionsThink about the cooperative learni.docx
Expo 12 Discussion Questions
Think about the cooperative learning lesson plan you have developed for studying Crystal Growing and the Rock Cycle. What problems do you envision occurring? Select the most problematic issue and elaborate on it on the discussion board.
Module 5 Activity
Consider the lab you have just completed, Experiment 12, and the processes you went through. Now, assume this experiment were to be conducted in your classroom in groups of four. Create an age appropriate lesson plan in which you conduct this experiment using cooperative learning, while still maintaining the integrity of the 5E Model. Submit your lesson plan as a word document.
Hands-On Labs SM-1 Lab Manual
91
EXPERIMENT 12:
Crystal Growing and the Rock Cycle
Note: Part One of this lab should be performed at least 10 days before your report due date.
Read the entire experiment and organize time, materials, and work space before beginning.
Remember to review the safety sections and wear goggles when appropriate.
Objectives: To grow synthetic crystals from a supersaturated solution by evaporation,
To measure the interfacial angles of minerals,
To make sugar “glass,”
To understand the role of evaporation in mineral growth, and
To determine the dissolution point of certain crystals.
Materials: Student Provides: Pan, small
Spoon or blunt knife
Cup saucer
Stovetop burner
Refrigerator
50 g sugar
From LabPaq: Tweezers
Protractor
Ruler
Magnifying hand lens
Digital scale
100-mL Beaker
3 Petri dishes, large
Thermometer
Set of 18 numbered minerals
Igneous rock sample #19
Sedimentary rock sample #36
Metamorphic rock sample #47
Epsom salt: Magnesium Sulfate Heptahydrate,
MgSO4 · 7H2O
Alum: Aluminum Potassium Sulfate Dodecahydrate,
KAI(SO4) 2 · 12 H2O
Discussion and Review: The textbook definition of a mineral is “a homogeneous,
naturally occurring, solid substance with a definable chemical composition and an
internal structure characterized by an orderly arrangement of atoms in a crystalline
structure” (from Earth; Portrait of a Planet; Stephen Marshak (Norton, 2005).
A crystal grown in a lab is not a true mineral since it did not form by geologic processes.
However, crystals grown in a lab are virtually identical to true minerals in many other
Hands-On Labs SM-1 Lab Manual
92
aspects: they are solid, inorganic, homogeneous, and have a definite chemical
composition and an ordered structure.
By growing crystals in a laboratory setting you will be able to investigate the different
properties that define a mineral. In addition, growing synthetic minerals can offer insight
into the factors that affect the crystal growing process in a true geologic setting. By
“watching” your crystals grow, you’ll be able to better understand how crystal faces
develop in rocks and what influences them, plus you won’t ...
ExplanationMaster Honey is a franchise-style company that sel.docx
Explanation:
Master Honey is a franchise-style company that sells a variety of products derived from raw honey harvested from both local and international bee-farms, called apiaries. Our company was established in 1988 by its founder, Sergio Saladrigas, back when honey was a booming industry, and its business was conducted based on quality rather than quantity. With this philosophy in mind, Master Honey has created a culture of good quality work with competitive pricing. Since its creation, Master Honey has had a successful expansion throughout most of Central and South-Florida in the form of two different types of establishments for retail selling that have made the brand differentiate itself from the competition:
For rather big retail space, Master Honey developed a trademarked concept for a retail-store called “Honey Caves”. Usually placed in malls and around touristic areas, Honey Caves are stores of 1,000-1,500 squared feet that offer the whole catalog of Mater Honey’s products. The product catalog includes:
Products
Types
Large size
Medium size
Small size
Artisanal honey:
Local Honey:
Tupelo
9$
5$
3$
Orange blossom
8$
4$
2$
Red Pepper
7$
4$
2$
Golden Berry
7$
4$
2$
Wildflower
6$
3$
2$
International Honey:
Blue Gum
11$
6$
4$
Beech Wood
10$
5$
3$
Acai
12$
8$
5$
Acacia
12$
8$
5$
Manuka
11$
6$
4$
Honey Blends for:
Tea, Chees or BBQ
12$
8$
5$
Soaps for:
Face (anti-acne)
-
10$
6$
Body
9$
5$
-
Hands
-
9$
5$
Lotions:
Face (anti-age)
-
15$
10$
Body
-
10$
7$
Other Products:
Shampoo
15$
11$
7$
Conditioner
15$
11$
7$
The honey caves have a specific and trademarked design that makes customers feel “like a bee in a hive”. The temperature is set at a low 72 degrees Fahrenheit with low light, and with a constant and subtle bee sound. In addition, the shelves are designed to look like a hive, with a series of hexagonally shaped boxes that designed to be piled together. This gives the shop managers freedom to change the setting of the store with ease and freedom of choice. Furthermore, the stores offer samples from all of our different products so the customers can see, feel, smell and taste the quality that differentiates our product. Also, every single one of our franchised Honey Caves has a large table in the middle of the store in a hexagonal shape displaying many large and artisanal-looking bottles that carry all of the honey types that we offer (that way, if a certain type of honey is not in store, it can still be shipped). The first bottle on each line contains a pump from which the customer can serve previously measured quantities in a small sample cup, and taste the differences in flavor and texture among all honeys from different flowers. The same technique is used with our soaps by providing 3 to 7 sinks for our customers to try the soaps, and realize its unique smell and smoothness. This type of store look like:
For the smaller stores, of about 600-800 squared feet, Master Honey has created another trademarked store des ...
Explain where industry profits are maximized in the figure below.docx
Explain where industry profits are maximized in the figure below:
Problem 13. What real-world evidence would lead you to believe that firms were acting as Cournot oligopolists? Stackelberg oligopolists? Bertrand oligopolists?
...
Exploratory EssayResearch - 1The ability to Wallow in complex.docx
Exploratory Essay/Research - 1
The ability to Wallow in complexity
On a separate paper:
1. Write your Exploratory question.
Your Introduction
Your goal in the Introduction is to hook your reader’s interest in your chosen problem. Often the best way to do so is to show why you yourself became interested in it.
Write about any or all of the following:
· Why do you think you have chosen this particular subject? What interested you?
· Personal connection?
· Specific experiences?
· What do you think are the origins of your feelings?
· What are your first responses/answers to the question?
· Why do you think you feel the way you do now?
· Can you imagine yourself ever changing your mind? Why?
· Can you list (or imagine) different or alternative answers to this question? List some of them.
· How do you feel about these?
· Why?
· At this point, what is the most perplexing, confusing, or puzzling thing about this question?
...
Exploring MusicExtra Credit #2 Due November 6 in classIn G.docx
Exploring Music
Extra Credit #2
Due November 6 in class
In Germany, the 19th century was known as the “Age of Song”. For romantic composers, fusing literature with music represented artistic perfection. The Lied (pronounced “leet”) blended German poetry with piano collaboration. Lieder represent an intimate genre of music utilizing a solo singer partnered with piano. In most cases, the piano acts as more than mere accompaniment as it is able to musically enhance the text, depict moods and atmospheres, and in some cases represent a character in the poem.
For this assignment you will choose any threeLieder and write a 2-3 page paper (double spaced, 12 point font with 1 inch margins) based on the following guidelines to include in your paper:
1. Read the translation of the poetry and establish your own interpretation. Are there any words or phrases that lend themselves to musical depiction? If you were the composer how might you musically depict words or phrases or the mood/ atmosphere of the piece using only one singer and a piano?
2. Listen to the Lied and follow along with the translation. How does you analysis from Question 1 differ or parallel the composer’s interpretation?
3. Pay particular attention to the relationship between the voice, text, and piano keeping in mind the piano offers more than just harmonic support. Provide examples of how the piano enhances the text, creates a mood or atmosphere, or depicts a character from the poem.
4. Does the musical and vocal setting suit the poetry? Explain.
5. Is the setting strophic or through-composed? How does this affect the Lied?
Below are YouTube links to each Lied. Translations of the text are available in the Extra Credit no. 2 folder; print them out for your convenience if you wish.
1. Robert Schumann, “Die alten, bösen Lieder” from Dichterliebe
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGx1zyOPZfM
2. Ludwig van Beethoven, “Der Kuß,” opus 128
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NTgcwny1PnU
3. Franz Schubert, “Ganymed”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMLiVQMDLEs
4. Robert Schumann, “Ich grolle nicht” from Dichterliebe
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XDbESDdZmfY
5. Franz Schubert, “Nähe des Geliebten”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t47lxQCvJ5k
6. Clara Schumann, “Liebst du um Schönheit”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kvHPxGfONYY
7. Franz Schubert, “Der Lindenbaum” from Wintereise
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zC7gEVSgf9k
8. Franz Schubert, “Rastlose Liebe”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOBNOB9Oxyc
Type the Boolean operator (AND, OR, or NOT) that best fits in the search statement to satisfy the search criterion stated.
Question 1 (1 point)
Question 1 options:
Find information on pollution in the Chesapeake Bay. "Chesapeake Bay"
pollut*
Question 2 (1 point)
Question 2 options:
Find information on the effect of plastics recycling on the environment. (recycle
reuse)
plastics
environment
Question 3 (1 point)
Question 3 options:
Find information on obedience tr ...
Explain why Franz Boas did not accept Morgan’s view about evol.docx
Explain why Franz Boas did not accept Morgan’s view about evolution ?
What sciences contributed to anthropology ?
How have teens used fashion and music to communicate their identity ?
What styles and attitudes today might seem rebellious to parents ?
What contributions did Pavlov, skinner and Chomsky bring to the comprehension of how language is attained ?
How does language indicate a society's values and priorities?
How has language evolved in some north American communities?
Why is language seen as a significant part of a people’s culture ?
Do advertisers give a false impression of their products ? it this legitimate communication ? why or why not
How can an environmental factors, such as living in a large city or a small rural town, influence individual and cultural evolution
Compare the approaches taken by anthropologist and psychologists in the study of human development ?
What are the various components of all rites of passage ?
How have coming of age rite of passage changed along with modern society
Some rites are experienced alone and some are experienced in groups. explain, with example, why this is the case
How is the body adornment connected to rites of passages
How do films and television programs portray sexual relationship between teens and adults ?
What rites of passage surrounding death have you experienced ?how did you feel about them ?
How do social scientists help people face the haunting prospect of death and the sadness of the loss of a loved one
...
Explanations 6.1 Qualities of Explanations Questions 0 of 3 com.docx
Explanations / 6.1 Qualities of Explanations Questions: 0 of 3 complete (0%) | 0 of 2 correct (0%)
Qualities of Explanations
An explanation is a statement that provides a reason for why or how something became the way it is. Arguments present a conclusion that's presumably new to you and then support this conclusion with evidence that you're likely to believe. Explanations work the other way around: they start with a conclusion that you likely believe (e.g., the sky is blue) and then offer an explanation for why that is so (e.g., because God is a UNC fan).
We will be looking specifically at causal explanations—that is, explanations in which you suggest that a particular physical or behavioral phenomenon is the result of another event.
Situation
Explanation
Traffic on a Saturday
There must be a football game today.
Most explanations start as theories. It can be challenging to fight the human impulse to pick the first theory that comes to mind and stop there, but what are the odds that the first thing you conceive of is in fact the best possible explanation?
Situation
Explanation
Traffic on a Saturday
Perhaps there's a concert today?
Maybe an art festival?
Or possibly an accident up ahead?
With a little imagination, you can come up with a seemingly unlimited number of theories, but at some point you've likely exhausted all the plausible explanations.
Situation
Explanation
Traffic on a Saturday
Perhaps a new IKEA has been built without my hearing anything about it, and all these people are headed to the grand opening.
As with all critical thinking, you'll need some judgment here. Discard the implausible theories (at least initially) and give fair consideration to all the reasonable ones:
· State your theory clearly (make a hypothesis).
· Consider possible alternatives.
· Look at the evidence.
· Evaluate the theory.
Sometimes the facts make the explanation quite clear:
I can see a train moving through an intersection several hundred yards ahead. That explains why traffic isn't moving.
Other times, you'll need to employ inductive reasoning to establish the most likely cause:
I can't see the tracks from here, but I drive through here every Saturday morning and usually a train was responsible for traffic being stalled. So it's probably a train.
We are presented with many such explanations on a daily basis.
Why is this webpage not loading?Why are sales down for last quarter?Why is my spouse not speaking to me?
As you consider potential explanations, keep the following standards in mind.
Consistency
First, is it internally consistent or does it contradict itself?
Second, is it externally consistent? Could this explanation effectively and fully account for whatever it's supposed to explain?
A good theory should be compatible with what we already know about how the world works. This is a problem with many paranormal theories—they go against accepted scientific fact. If the theory contradicts established knowledge, the burden of proof is on the new t ...
Experts PresentationStudentPSY 496Instructor.docx
Experts Presentation
Student
PSY 496
Instructor
Overview of professionals
Maria Theresa Redaniel, Ph.D.
Suicide prevention specialist who’s main focus is finding ways to prevent suicide cases within local communities.
She is looking to branch out from the community sector to further her expertise on a federal and state vocation.
Received her master’s from the University of Nebraska in Community Development.
Michael Bauer, M.D., Ph.D.
Mental health profession with interest in suicide risk assessments, homicide and product liability especially in relation to psychotropic drugs.
He has extensive background in the field and wishes to further his resume by succeeding as a mentor to upcoming peers in the field.
Graduated top of his class from the University of Illinois 1965.
Suicide and prevention
Effective protective care is essential to suicide prevention.
If you are in crisis, call 1-800-273-TALK (8255) National Suicide Prevention Lifeline
Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in the united states (AFSP, 2014). And the third leading cause among youth and young adults (Wharff, Ross, & Lambert, 2014)
Research shows 90% of those who have died by suicide had a potentially treatable mental illness (AFSP, 2014).
Prevention starts with awareness and education.
Risk Factors may include mental disorder, previous attempts, family history, serious medical condition or pain. These factors combined with environmental stimuli increase chances of suicide and suicide attempts (Carlborg, Winnerback, Jonsson, Jokinen & Nordstrom, (2010).
Research
Maria’s focus has been in the community prevention. The barriers of suicide documentation in the Philippines has encouraged her research in using psychological autopsy’s to evaluate a course of intervention (AFSP, 2014). Psychological autopsies have been used to present evidence of mental disorders present in those who died from suicide based on a collection of interviews and reports to dictate what they may have thought (Hjelmeland, Dieserud, Dyregrov, Knizek & Leenaars, 2012).
Michael has focused his research in the use of pharmacology in suicide prevention. Giving participants a prescribed amount of lithium has shown great strides in lowering future suicide attempts and depressive behaviors (ASFP, 2014).
Comparison
Maria has strong views in behavior aspect of study. She has culminated research of behaviors related to mental disorders and compared them to suicide reports made from informant interviews and medical documents. She uses such information to hopefully reduce the suicide rates in the community by early diagnosis and treatment prevention.
Michael uses his successful career in clinical psychology to establish the benefits of treating mental disorders to prevent suicides and suicidal behaviors. He focuses his research to provide evidence of pharmacology on disorders. His goal it to use such evidence to reduce thoughts of suicide and attempts.
References
American Foun ...
Explain whether Okonkwo was remaining truthful to himself by killi.docx
Explain whether Okonkwo was remaining truthful to himself by killing himself
Please make sure that you answer this question with 4 pages in length, it has to be MLA format, double space.
LDR/531 – WEEK 2
*
WDWLLW?DISC AssessmentLeadershipPersonality
*
ObjectivesTheories of Leadership Compare and contrast leadership theories.Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of established leadership styles.
*
Leadership is:
Are leader’s born or made?
Leader traits – the trait approach is the oldest leadership perspective and was dominant for several decades. The perspective is that some personality characteristics – many of which a person need not be born with but can strive to acquire distinguish effective leaders from other people.
Drive, which refers to a set of characteristics that reflect a high level of effort. It includes high need for achievement, constant striving for improvement, ambition, energy, tenacity (persistence in the face of obstacles), and initiative.
Leadership motivation – great leaders not only have drive, they want to lead.
Integrity is the correspondence between actions and words. Honesty and credibility are especially important.
Self-confidence is important because the leadership role is challenging, and setbacks are inevitable.
Knowledge of the business, industry, company, and technical matters.
The most important personal skill, according to the text, the ability to perceive the needs and goals of others and to adjust one’s personal leadership approaches accordingly.
B. Leader Behaviors
1. Leadership behaviors – the behavioral approach attempts to identify what good leaders do. Three general categories of leadership behavior are: (Figure 12.2)
a. Task performance behaviors are the leader’s efforts to insure that the work unit or organization reaches its goals.
i. This dimension is sometimes referred to as:
concern for production
directive leadership
initiating structure or closeness of supervision.
ii. It includes a focus on:
work speed
quality and accuracy
quantity of output
following the rules.
b. Group maintenance behaviors is where leaders take action to ensure the satisfaction of group members, develop and maintain harmonious work relationships, and preserve the social stability of the group.
i. This dimension is sometimes referred to as:
(1) concern for people
(2) supportive leadership
(3) consideration.
ii. Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) theory highlights the importance of leader behaviors not just toward the group as a whole but also toward individuals
The ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals.
OR
The process of influencing others to understand and agree what needs to be done and how to do it, and the process of facilitating individual and collective efforts to accomplish shared objectives
*
Types of leadershipLeadership involves influencing others (who influences? What type of influence?)to collaborate and agree (purpose of influence?) ...
Explain How these Aspects Work Together to Perform the Primary Fun.docx
Explain How these Aspects Work Together to Perform the Primary Function of HRM
Total: 5.00
Distinguished - Thoroughly and methodically explains how each of the aspects work together to perform the primary function of HRM. The explanation is professional and provides detailed examples that clearly demonstrate that new learning has occurred.
Proficient - Explains how each of the aspects work together to perform the primary function of HRM. The explanation is well constructed and provides several examples that demonstrate that new learning has occurred; however, a few minor details are missing.
Basic - Briefly explains how each of the aspects work together to perform the primary function of HRM. The explanation is somewhat complete, but provides few examples that demonstrate that new learning has occurred. Several key details are missing.
Below Expectations - Attempts to explain how each of the aspects work together to perform the primary function of HRM, but the explanation is too underdeveloped to be considered complete and does not demonstrate that new learning has occurred.
Non-Performance - The assignment is either nonexistent or fails to explain how these aspects work together to perform the primary function of HRM.
Are Any Aspects More Important than the Others? Why or Why Not?
Total: 4.00
Distinguished - Comprehensively explains whether or not any aspects are more important than others, including a detailed reasoning as to why. The explanation is professional and provides detailed examples that clearly demonstrate that new learning has occurred.
Proficient - Explains whether or not any aspects are more important than others, including reasoning as to why. The explanation well-written and provides a few examples that demonstrate that new learning has occurred. One or more minor details may be missing.
Basic - Briefly explains whether or not any aspects are more important than others, including a short reasoning as to why. The explanation is slightly underdeveloped and somewhat demonstrates that new learning has occurred. Several key details may be missing.
Below Expectations - Attempts to explain whether or not any aspects are more important than others, but the explanation is too underdeveloped to be considered complete and does not demonstrate that new learning has occurred.
Non-Performance - The assignment is either nonexistent or fails to determine whether or not and aspects are more important than others.
Optimizing the HRM Role for Shaping Organizational and Employee Behavior
Total: 4.00
Distinguished - Provides a comprehensive and thorough discussion addressing how the HRM role can be optimized for shaping organizational and employee behavior. The discussion is thought-provoking, creative, and utilizes vocabulary and concepts from the text.
Proficient - Provides a discussion addressing how the HRM role can be optimized for shaping organizational and employee behavior. The discussion is mostly complete and attempts to utilize voca ...
Explain the 3 elements of every negotiation. Why is WinWin used m.docx
Explain the 3 elements of every negotiation. Why is Win/Win used more than Win/Lose in life? When is the efficiency of a negotiation determined? Give an example of in the world today of a good and a bad negotiator
Lockeport Medical Center
Mission and Vision
As the regional leader in advanced medical care, we take our responsibilities seriously. Our vision and core values help guide us as we work to help and heal each patient in our care. We provide the community quality health care services through the compassionate hands of well-trained staff, in a technologically advanced, cost-effective manner.
Our Mission: To improve the health of the people of the state and surrounding region.
· Serve people as a not-for-profit health system governed by a voluntary community board.
· Ensure sustainability through stewardship of the community's assets.
· Provide quality services in a compassionate and cost-effective manner.
· Collaborate in order to improve access across the entire continuum of care.
· Promote wellness and health to benefit the community.
2020 Vision
A regional diversified health system providing superior care and service to patients and their families through a full continuum of integrated services, education, and research.
Major Strategies: "DEEDS"
Develop people
Excel in patient quality and safety
Enhance operational and financial performance
Develop the health system
Strengthen key relationships
Our MERIT Values
Five core values: Mercy, Excellence, Respect, Integrity and Trust/Teamwork. These values form the foundation for our culture at Lockeport Medical Center.
Mercy
We work to create a caring and compassionate environment responsive to the emotional, spiritual, and physical needs of all persons.
Excellence
We strive to meet or exceed patient/customer needs and expectations and work as a team to improve every aspect of care and service in our organization.
Respect
We value the innate dignity of all persons, respect their uniqueness and diversity, and enable the development of each one's full potential.
Integrity
We are consistently open, honest, and ethical, as the ideal means to protect overall safety and ensure confidentiality and privacy.
Trust/Teamwork
We say what we mean and do what we say. There is open and honest communication with patients and among staff. We recognize everyone’s contributions for the benefit of the patient. We strive to enhance the health of the communities we serve, and work in cooperation with other organizations to protect our vulnerable populations throughout the region.
Job Description
Position Title: Surgery Schedule Coordinator
Department: Operating Room
FLSA Status: Non-Exempt
Position Summary
Uses clinical and management processes to plan, organize, staff, direct, and evaluate patient care services; uses available resources to meet MD/customer needs. The surgery schedule coordinator uses knowledge of interactive management and humanistic values in creating an environment ...
Explain how the Kluckhohn–Strodtbeck and the Hofstede framework ca.docx
Explain how the Kluckhohn–Strodtbeck and the Hofstede framework can be used to analyze a culture. Are the Kluckhohn-Strodtbeck and Hofstede frameworks useful for understanding subcultures? Why or why not?
If your international firm were doing business in Asia, is there anything that your company could do to ease the tensions these cultures are experiencing? Be specific.
In your opinion, is globalization among the causes of the increasing incidence of divorce, crime, and drug abuse in Asia? Why or why not?
Broadly defined, Asia comprises more than 60 percent of the world’s population— a population that practices Buddhism, Confucianism, Hinduism, Islam, and numerous other religions. Thus, do you think it is possible to carry on a valid discussion of “ Asian” values? Why or why not?
Consider the following statement: “ Economic development and capitalism require a certain style of doing business in the twenty- first century. The sooner Asian cultures adapt the better.” Do you agree or disagree? Explain.
Cross-Cultural
Business
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
2
*
Welcome to Chapter 2, Cross-Cultural Business.
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter Objectives
Describe culture and explain the significance of both national culture and subcultures
Identify the components of culture and describe their impact on international business
Describe cultural change and explain how companies and culture affect each other
Explain how the physical environment and technology influence culture
Describe two frameworks used to classify cultures and explain their practical use
2 - *
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
*
In this chapter, you will come to understand the role of culture in international business.
You will also:Learn the importance of national culture, subculture, and how each component of culture affects business activities.Understand how cultures and companies change each other, and how the physical environment and technology influence cultures.And acquaint yourself with two popular frameworks used to classify cultures.
HariboProblem: Not serving $2 billion subcultureCulprit: Pork-based gelatin in the candies
Solution
: New bacteria-based compound
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
2 - *
*Although Haribo was selling over 100 million gummi candies a day worldwide, it was not meeting the needs of a global subculture worth $2 billion a year.Muslims and Jews who adhere to a strict religious diet could not eat the candies because of the pork-based substance that gives the candy its sticky, rubbery feel.So, Haribo developed a special candy for this market by replacing the pork-based gelatin with a bacteria-based compound found in salad dressings and sauces.Haribo now has a Jewish rabbi and a Muslim cleric oversee production to ensure that it adheres to their religious customs.
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is Culture?
Set of values, beliefs, rules, and institutions held by ...
Exploration 8 – Shifting and Stretching Rational Functions .docx
Exploration 8 – Shifting and Stretching Rational Functions
1. Sketch the graph of each function.
3( )f x
x
3
( ) 1
2
f x
x
Domain: Range: Domain: Range:
vertical horizontal vertical horizontal
asymptote: asymptote: asymptote: asymptote:
x-intercept: y-intercept: x-intercept: y-intercept:
How do you find the domain and vertical asymptote of a rational function?
How did you find the range and horizontal asymptote of THIS rational function?
How do you find the x-intercept of a function?
How do you find the y-intercept of a function?
Graphing
3
( ) 1
2
f x
x
is relatively easy.
Re-write the function rule as a single fraction by
subtracting the 1. Then find each of the following
for the newly written function.
Domain: Range: x-intercept: y-intercept:
vertical horizontal
asymptote: asymptote:
How do you find the equation of the horizontal asymptote for THIS type of function?
WebAssign Problem:
Graph the function,
2 4
( )
1
x
f x
x
, by shifting and stretching the function, 1( )f x
x
.
The horizontal shift is ______________________ because ________________________________.
The vertical shift is ______________________ because ___________________________________.
To find the stretch, you must re-write the function,
2 4
( )
1
x
f x
x
, in 1( )f x
x
form, by setting the
two rules equal and solving for c. Then sketch the graph below.
For the group submission:
Graph the function,
2 2
( )
1
x
f x
x
, by shifting and stretching the function, 1( )f x
x
.
Horizontal Shift:
Vertical Shift:
Stretch:
vertical horizontal x-intercept: y-intercept:
asymptote: asymptote:
Domain: Range:
Group Submission for Investigation #8
Write group member names legibly here:
Graph the function,
2 2
( )
1
x
f x
x
, by shifting and stretching the function, 1( )f x
x
.
Horizontal Shift:
Vertical Shift:
Stretch:
vertical horizontal x-intercept: y-intercept:
asymptote: asymptote:
Domain: Range:
...
Exploring Innovation in Action Power to the People – Lifeline Ene.docx
Exploring Innovation in Action: Power to the People – Lifeline Energy
Trevor Baylis was quite a swimmer in his youth, representing Britain at the age of 15. So it wasn’t entirely surprising that he ended up working for a swimming pool firm in Surrey before setting up his own company. He continued his swimming passion – working as a part-time TV stuntman doing underwater feats – but also followed an interest in inventing things. One of the projects he began work on in 1991 was to have widespread impact despite – or rather because of – being a ‘low-tech’ solution to a massive problem.
Having seen a documentary about AIDS in Africa he began to see the underlying need for something which could help communication. Much of the AIDS problem lies in the lack of awareness and knowledge across often isolated rural communities – people don’t know about causes or prevention of this devastating disease. And this reflects a deeper problem – of communication. Experts estimate that less than 20% of the world’s population have access to a telephone, while even fewer have a regular supply of electricity, much less television or Internet access. Very low literacy levels exclude most people from reading newspapers and other print media.
Radio is an obvious solution to the problem – but how can radio work when the receivers need power and in many places mains electricity is simply non-existent. An alternative is battery power – but batteries are equally problematic – even if they were of good quality and freely available via village stores people couldn’t afford to buy them regularly. In countries where $1 a day is the standard wage, batteries can cost from a day’s to a week’s salary. The HIV/AIDS pandemic also means that household incomes are under increased pressure as earners become too ill to work while greater expenditure goes towards healthcare, leaving nothing for batteries.
What was needed was a radio which ran on some different source of electricity. In thinking about the problem Baylis remembered the old-fashioned telephones of pre-war days which had wind-up handles to generate power. He began experimenting, linking together odd items such as a hand brace, an electric motor and a small radio. He found that the brace turning the motor would act as a generator that would supply sufficient electricity to power the radio. By adding a clockwork mechanism he found that a spring could be wound up – and as it unwound the radio would play. This first working prototype ran for 14 minutes on a two minute wind. Trevor had invented a clockwork (wind-up) radio! As a potential solution to the communication problem the idea had real merit. The trouble was that, like thousands of entrepreneurs before him, Trevor couldn’t convince others of this. He spent nearly four years approaching major radio manufacturers like Philips and Marconi but to no avail. But luck often plays a significant part in the innovation story – and this was no exception. The idea came to the attenti ...
Experiment 8 - Resistance and Ohm’s Law 8.1 Introduction .docx
Experiment 8 - Resistance and Ohm’s Law
8.1 Introduction
In previous experiments, we have investigated electric charges largely under stationary conditions. These
studies were useful in order to illustrate concepts such as the electric potential and the electric field, and
forms the foundation needed to further our understanding of electricity and electrical circuits. In contrast
to electrostatics (charges confined to be stationary), the field of electricity deals with the flow (induced
movement) of electrical charges. Due to its many uses, most individuals knowingly or unknowingly have
a daily reliance on electricity. It is especially essential, in: (1) the distribution of energy, and (2) the
processing of information. To enable this, electricity must be handled in circuits, a closed loop of
conducting wire connecting power plant with individual homes, and businesses. To appreciate this
phenomena, it is useful to investigate various aspects of simple circuits and the various laws that may
govern them.
8.2 Objective
1. To verify Ohm’s Law
2. To use Ohm’s law to determine the resistance of a light source.
8.3 Theory
Our initial investigations will be guided by Ohm’s law, which postulates that the relationship between
current flow I, potential difference V, and resistance R for certain materials will observe the following
mathematical relationship, given a constant temperature constraint:
…………. 1RV = I
These materials are called Ohmic conductors, equation 1 implies that the ratio of voltage to current for
these materials is constant. Manufactured resistors can be considered as such, but other components such
as semiconductor diodes, filaments, and LEDs are non ohmic. In this experiment, we will verify Ohm’s
law by assessing whether it holds for a set resistance (typical color coded resistor). Further, we will apply
this to ascertain the resistance of a light source.
8.4 Apparatus
Variable DC voltage source, color coded resistor, (2) multimeters, connecting wires, light source
8.5 Procedure
Part A Verifying Ohm’s Law
1. You will be given a particular colour coded resistor from the set; use this and the other apparatus
items to set up the circuit as shown in figure 1 below.
Figure 1
2. Adjust DC voltage source so that a relatively small voltage reading is seen across the resistor R.
Record this voltage reading, and the electrical current reading ...
Experimental Essay The DialecticThe purpose of this paper is to.docx
Experimental Essay: The Dialectic
The purpose of this paper is to experiment with a style of essay that you’ve probably never written before: The Dialectic. We’ll be testing Foucault’s idea about polemics in order to push ourselves to consider and explore multiple conflicting perspectives in a single paper.
The basic premise is that you will write a series of thesis, antithesis arguments - point and counterpoint paragraphs. You will first argue a side of a discussion and then take up the opposing side, eloquently crafting a rigorous response to your own ideas.
Your essay should explore the concepts we will be discussing in class, so if you’ve been doing the homework, you already have some arguments to work from. If you would like something more specific to work from, the Justice discussions and comments that your peers will be posting on course studio are a good start. In addition to this, you should also read through your notes from our class discussion about the predictions from the Constitutional Convention 1787. Can we make an argument that the poor indirectly sell their votes to the rich? Does the wealthiest class of America really dictate society? Do the poor impose upon the freedom and the property of the rich through voting? In what ways can private interests manipulate public opinions and widely held beliefs? Who is influencing whom? Who is responsible for the actions and behaviors of masses and of individuals?
This dialectic should not look like the typical childhood debate: “YES. NO. YES. NO.” You should not simply state a side and then write the inverse. Instead, you should invent the most compelling defense for both sides. Where students misstep here is in the unfortunate habit of writing weak counterpoints - something “stupid” that’s easy to rip apart. Right? We’ve all done this in essays that require counterpoints. Why that doesn’t work for this essay is that it would essentially mean that HALF of your essay is intentionally “stupid”... This doesn’t make for a good college paper. Instead, you must argue both sides so well that the reader cannot tell which is actually your own position.
To build this paper over the next two weeks, you should be exploring as many points (and counterpoints) as you can imagine in your homework assignments. In your final essay, I would like you to try to compile what you believe to be your best ideas.
This paper cannot be a summary - you should not simply have a series of points restating and summarizing the arguments that you’ve pulled from the various texts. Instead, you should use what you think is interesting from the text as a way to launch into a discussion of your own brilliant ideas.
Format: double-spaced, times new roman typeface, 12-point font, with 1 inchmargins.
The paper must be 1000 - 1400 words in length.
Peer Review Draft Due : May 27
Final Draft Due : May 29 via email by 11:54pm
REFLECTION PIECE: You will also be writing a 300 word reflection on your writing. In this piece you sho ...
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- 1. Ethics and Social Responsibility in Marketing Strategy 8 C H A P T E R © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Grown in importance recently due to firms having problems in these areas Have become necessities due to: Stakeholder demands (especially customers) Ethical issues can become legal issues Improve marketing performance and profits Are important to the development of marketing strategy Ethics and Social Responsibility in Marketing Strategy 2 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Why is marketing ethics a strategic consideration in organizational decisions? Who is most important in managing marketing ethics: the individual or the firm’s leadership? Explain your answer. 3
- 2. © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Social Responsibility A broad concept that relates to an organization’s obligation to maximize its positive impact on society while minimizing its negative impact Marketing Ethics Principles and standards that define acceptable marketing conduct as determined by the public, government regulators, private interest groups, competitors, and the firm itself Social Responsibility and Marketing Ethics 4 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility (Exhibit 8.1) 5 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Economic responsibility of making a profit Legal responsibility of obeying laws and regulations Ethical responsibility to uphold principals and standards
- 3. Philanthropic responsibility to increase the firm’s positive impact on society Dimensions of Social Responsibility 6 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Programs designed to protect and preserve the natural environment Eco-friendly business practices Waste reduction Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions LEED building certification Green sourcing Green Marketing Creating customer relationships while also enhancing the natural environment Greenwashing – misleading consumers about the eco-friendly nature of products Sustainability 7 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. The most basic ethical standards have been codified into law. Require that organizations and individuals accept responsibility Can lead to violations of public trust Are intertwined with respect to a firm’s reputation Marketing Ethics and Strategy 8
- 4. © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. American Trust in Different Institutions (Exhibit 8.2) 9 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Business decisions involve complex decisions in which correctness may not be apparent Internet privacy, copyright, intellectual property, advertising claims Ethical conflict may emerge from an inconsistency between personal values and the values held by members of the work group Challenges of Being Ethical and Socially Responsible 10 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Types of Misconduct Observed in Organizations (Exhibit 8.3) 11 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
- 5. Product-Related Ethical Issues Failure to disclose risks, product design, counterfeit products Pricing-Related Ethical Issues Price discrimination, price fixing, predatory pricing, superficial discounting Supply Chain-Related Ethical Issues Labor issues, raw material sources, quality control Promotion-Related Ethical Issues False or misleading communication, ambiguous statements, bribery, direct marketing fraud Ethical Issues in the Marketing Program 12 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Overall Issues Misrepresentation, manipulation, exploitation, abuse Product Issues Misrepresentation, failure to disclose defects, counterfeit products Pricing Issues Deception, reference pricing, price discrimination Distribution (Supply Chain) Issues Opportunism, exclusive arrangements, slotting fees, tying contracts Promotion Issues Misleading advertising, bait-and-switch, high-pressure sales, gift giving Potential Ethical Issues in the Marketing Program (Exhibit 8.4) 13 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be
- 6. scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Why have we seen more evidence of widespread ethical marketing dilemmas within firms today? Is it necessary to gain the cooperation of marketing managers to overstate revenue and earnings in a corporation? 14 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Firms prefer to regulate themselves through: Compliance with laws and regulations Trade associations Better Business Bureau Benefits of self regulation Less expensive Guidelines are more practical and realistic Reduce the need for expanded government bureaucracy Regulating Marketing Ethics 15 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Code of Conduct (Code of Ethics) Formal statement that describes what an organization expects of its employees Not an effective means of controlling ethical behavior unless integrated into daily decision making
- 7. Not effective unless the code has support of top management Code must reflect management’s desire for compliance with values, rules, and policies It is impossible for a code of conduct to take every potential ethical situation into account. Codes of Conduct 16 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Codes should have six core values Trustworthiness Respect Responsibility Fairness Caring Citizenship The code will not resolve every issue encountered in daily operations. The code can help managers deal with ethical dilemmas. Codes of Conduct (continued) 17 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Considerations in Developing a Code of Ethical Conduct (Exhibit 8.5) 18 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be
- 8. scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Ethical cultures emerge from strong leadership. Employees look to the leader as a model of acceptable behavior. Great ethical leaders: Create a common goal or vision for the company Obtain buy-in or support from significant partners Motivate others to be ethical Use the resources that are available to them Enjoy their jobs and approach them with an almost contagious tenacity, passion, and commitment Ethical Leadership 19 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Ethical Climate Part of a corporate culture that relates to an organization’s expectations about appropriate conduct A strong ethical climate leads employees to be: Motivated to serve customers Committed to the firm Committed to high quality standards Satisfied with their job Connecting Ethics and Social Responsibility to Performance 20 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. The degree to which a firm understands and addresses
- 9. stakeholder demands Organization-wide generation of data about stakeholder groups and the assessment of the firm’s effects on these groups Distribution of this information throughout the firm The organization’s responsiveness to this intelligence A continuum that firms are likely to adopt to varying degrees Stakeholder Orientation 21 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. A climate of ethics and social responsibility has many bottom- line benefits. Creates trust with firm’s stakeholders Enhances the firm’s reputation Efficient supply chains Stronger customer loyalty and satisfaction Higher profits and market value Ties to Marketing Financial Performance 22 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Performance of World’s Most Ethical Companies (Exhibit 8.6) 23 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
- 10. What is the relationship between marketing ethics and organizational performance? What are the elements of a strong ethical compliance program to support responsible marketing and a successful marketing strategy? 24 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Typically done through ethical compliance programs or integrity initiatives Vested in the marketing plan, based on an understanding of: Risks associated with misconduct Ethical and social consequences of strategic choices Values of organizational members and stakeholders Manifested through actions … not just words The Connection to Strategic Planning 25 © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.