2. Epigenetic
Principle
Described eight stages
in the life span. A ninth
stage was later added
to reflect his final
thoughts
ADD MORE TO THIS
DEFINITION
Psychosocial
Development
these stages build on
one another and occur
in invariant sequence
across cultures
ADD MORE TO THIS
DEFINITION
3. Each stage
involves a crisis, a
developmental
turning point, and
conflict centers on
a distinctive issue
Out of each crisis
emerges an ego
strength, or “virtue,”
that corresponds
specifically to that
stage
The strength then
becomes part of the
repertoire of ego
skills for the individual
throughout life
The Psychosocial Stages
4. Maladaptation Malignancy
Adopting the positive
extreme to a extent that it
causes more harm than
good
Easier to change
adopting the negative
extreme which is not subject
to change
More difficult to change
5. InErikson’stheory,one approaches old age and
begins to evaluate the life lived up to that point. Describe
Erikson’s terms for these developmental stages.
6. Stage I
Infant:0–1Years
Psychosocial Crisis
Trust vs. Mistrust
Significant Relations
Mother
Psychosocial Modalities
To get, to give in return
Psychosocial Virtues
Hope, Faith
Maladaptations/Malignancies
Sensory distortion - Withdrawal
7. Stage II
Toddler:2–3Years
Psychosocial Crisis
Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt
Significant Relations
Parents
Psychosocial Modalities
To hold on, to let go
Psychosocial Virtues
Will, Determination
Maladaptations/Malignancies
Impulsivity - Compulsion
8. Stage III
Preschooler: 3–6
Psychosocial Crisis
Initiative vs. Guilt
Significant Relations
Family
Psychosocial Modalities
To go after, to play
Psychosocial Virtues
Purpose, Courage
Maladaptations/Malignancies
Ruthlessness - Inhibition
9. Stage IV
SchoolAge: ~7–12
Psychosocial Crisis
Industry vs. Inferiority
Significant Relations
Neighborhood & School
Psychosocial Modalities
To complete, to make things
Psychosocial Virtues
Competence
Maladaptations/Malignancies
Narrow virtuosity - Inertia
10. Stage V
Adolescence:12–18
Psychosocial Crisis
Ego-identity vs. Role-confusion
Significant Relations
Peer groups, role models
Psychosocial Modalities
To be oneself, to share oneself
Psychosocial Virtues
Fidelity, Loyalty
Maladaptations/Malignancies
Fanaticism - Repudiation
11. Stage VI
YoungAdult: ~20+
Psychosocial Crisis
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Significant Relations
Partners, Friends
Psychosocial Modalities
To lose & find oneself in another
Psychosocial Virtues
Love
Maladaptations/Malignancies
Promiscuity - Exclusivity
12. Stage VII
MiddleAdult:~25-50
Psychosocial Crisis
Generativity vs. Self-absorption
Significant Relations
Household, Workmates
Psychosocial Modalities
To make be, to take care of
Psychosocial Virtues
Care
Maladaptations/Malignancies
Overextension - Rejectivity
13. Stage VIII
Old Adult: ~50+
Psychosocial Crisis
Integrity vs. Despair
Significant Relations
Mankind or “My kind”
Psychosocial Modalities
Having been, to face not being
Psychosocial Virtues
Wisdom
Maladaptations/Malignancies
Presumption - Despair
15. Maladaptations
Panic of having underachieved
fear of death
life is short
depression
Presumption
An individual who is arrogant and sees his or her life as
being more meaningful than others’ and tends to over-exhibit
meaningfulness throughout life
Conceited, audacity
16. Malignancies
Blaming, miserable, contempt, feeling of not being fulfilled
Regret life choices
Bitterness
Rejection of death
Unsatisfied with self and self-achievement
Distain
An individual who feels unsatisfied with his or her
accomplishments, is unsure of life’s meaning, and tends
blame others for personal shortcomings
20. Ifoneissuccessfulin attaining the virtues of the
8th and 9th stages, how might these personality
characteristics be described? Use specific behaviors to
exemplify.
21. Job decision can lead to career satisfaction
For example, Ryan a 65 year old man recently retired from a
job he wasn't too satisfied with. His previous job that had
better pay required much of his time, allowing him to only
spend a miniscule amount of time with his family.
22. To Ryan, family was much more important so he decided to
take a job with lesser pay so that he could give his family
enough attention. Although Ryan isn’t very financially stable
he is satisfied that he spent quality time with his family, and
does not regret his decisions. Ryan attains, closure and feels
a sense of achievement, as he is ready to confront death.
23. Stages 8&9 Case Study
Anne and Mike have been married for 50 years. Mike recently
retired from his job, had been satisfied with his career and life
choices he decided in his past. Unlike Mike, Anne is a little
bitter with her past choices.
24. She had a career of being a defensive attorney but Mike
insisted that she leaves the job and he would take care of the
finances while she would become a stay-at-home mom to take
care of their children and assure them of their successes.
25. She agreed to do so but with time, things changed as the
children grew up. At this point, Anne was going through
depression, as she was at a stage where she regretted her life
decisions of having not attained her career.
26. In addition, with Mike’s passing away caused her to feel
discomfort. Anna was at her lowest point after Mike’s death
but her children sought to help her because they realized that
she did not see life as meaningful anymore.
27. So they insisted that she do what she always wanted to do
and that they would support her. So after 2 short months, she
decided to do something that she was always passionate
about which was to advocate for women’s rights.
28. She found meaning in her life again and more so than she had
before. She also realized that everything in her life did serve a
purpose and helped her to step up and achieve the one thing
she was afraid of but wanted to do which was being an
advocate.
